Novel flat roof waterproof structure
By using the combination of the material self-slope design of reinforced concrete roof panels in the flat roof waterproof structure, the combination of the waterproof layer of reinforced concrete roof panels, the problem of insolid waterproofing layer and the anti-adhesive waterproofing layer is solved, and efficient waterproofing and thermal insulation effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420225081.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-01-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-01-30
AI Technical Summary
The existing flat roof waterproof structure is not waterproofed at the daughter's wall, resulting in hollowing, cracking and water splicing, thereby increasing the risk of roof leakage and reducing energy-saving effects.
The material self-slope design of reinforced concrete roof panels is adopted, combined with the inner drainage design, the design of the daughter wall waterproof layer and the anti-adhesive waterproof layer, to improve the permeability of the roof panel, and enhance the waterproof effect through the sealing structure and the design of the partition joints.
It realizes the reliability and durability of roof waterproofing, reduces leakage risk, improves thermal insulation effect and energy-saving performance, and reduces construction costs and construction periods.
Smart Images
Figure CN222667348U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a novel flat roof waterproof structure, belonging to the technical field of roof building waterproofing. Background Art
[0002] At present, the design guiding ideology of flat roof waterproofing structure does not adequately consider the importance of self-waterproofing of reinforced concrete roof panel structure, drainage of roof structure, waterproofing of each node of parapet structure and waterproofing of roof fine stone concrete protective layer. For example, in the selection of roof waterproofing layer materials, a large number of polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membranes are used and turned up to the parapet. Due to the different material properties of polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membranes and concrete base, mortar leveling layer and cement mortar layer on the outer surface of parapet, the two cannot form a lasting, reliable and effective bond, resulting in hollowing, cracking and water leakage of waterproofing membranes and parapet finishing layers at parapets and entering the structural layer; when cracks appear on the surface of the roof fine stone concrete protective layer, rainwater and equipment water from the roof can easily enter the roof structural layer. When the water entering the roof structural layer cannot be effectively discharged, the protective pressure of the roof waterproofing layer is increased, the risk of roof leakage is increased, and the energy-saving effect of the roof is reduced.
[0003] In short, from the perspective of achieving the engineering goal of zero roof waterproofing and roof energy saving, only by ensuring that the roof structure layer is always close to a water-free state can the needs of engineering construction be met well. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, mainly through a variety of technical measures such as drainage design within the structure, waterproof design of parapet and adjacent structural nodes, improving the impermeability of reinforced concrete roof panels, realizing self-slope of reinforced concrete roof panels and anti-adhesive waterproof layer design of roof fine stone concrete protective layer, to provide a new flat roof waterproof structure with good waterproof reliability, good thermal insulation effect, quick construction, economical cost and good durability.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: comprising a reinforced concrete roof panel, a waterproof layer is arranged on the reinforced concrete roof panel, a parapet, an additional waterproof layer is arranged at the inner corner of the parapet, a parapet waterproof layer is arranged at the inner corner and the upper part of the parapet, an internal drainage outlet is arranged at the inner corner of the parapet, a parapet finishing layer is arranged outside the parapet waterproof layer, a roof insulation layer is arranged on the waterproof layer of the reinforced concrete roof panel, a joint sealing structure is formed at the junction of the roof insulation layer and the parapet waterproof layer, an anti-adhesive waterproof layer is arranged on the roof insulation layer, a fine stone concrete protective layer is arranged on the anti-adhesive waterproof layer, a waterproof sealing structure is formed at the junction of the fine stone concrete protective layer and the parapet waterproof layer, a separation joint is arranged on the fine stone concrete protective layer, a joint filling glue is arranged on the separation joint, and a surface layer is arranged on the fine stone concrete protective layer (it can also be not arranged according to engineering needs).
[0006] In the above technical solution, the parapet waterproof layer is a waterproof layer structure that provides waterproof protection for the parapet and cooperates with the joint sealing structure and the waterproof sealing structure to provide waterproof protection; the anti-adhesive waterproof layer is a waterproof layer structure composed of a waterproof material that has a full bonding ability with the lower part of the fine stone concrete protective layer.
[0007] The materials and structures in the above technical solution are preferably:
[0008] Preferably, the reinforced concrete roof panel is made of impermeable concrete of grade P6 or above, and the lower surface of the structure is a plane, the upper surface is an inclined surface, and the material has a self-slope with a slope of ≥1%.
[0009] Preferably, the number of waterproof layers on the reinforced concrete roof panel does not exceed 2, and the materials are polyethylene polypropylene composite waterproof membrane, polyethylene polyester composite waterproof membrane, polyethylene ethylene composite waterproof membrane, polymer film self-adhesive waterproof membrane, polymer cement-based waterproof coating, polymer modified asphalt waterproof coating, polyurethane waterproof coating, polymer emulsion waterproof coating and spray rigid foam polyurethane with waterproof function. The above materials can be used in a single layer or in a composite of two or more layers.
[0010] Preferably, the parapet is a masonry structure, a structure combining masonry and cast-in-place concrete, or a cast-in-place concrete structure.
[0011] Preferably, the additional waterproof layer material is a polymer cement-based waterproof coating compounded by a "one-cloth, three-coating" process, a polymer-modified asphalt double-sided self-adhesive waterproof membrane, an acrylic emulsion waterproof coating compounded by a "one-cloth, three-coating" process, or a water-based polymer-modified asphalt waterproof coating compounded by a "one-cloth, three-coating" process.
[0012] Preferably, the parapet waterproof layer material is a polymer cement-based waterproof coating or an acrylic emulsion waterproof coating.
[0013] Preferably, the inner drain outlet is arranged on the parapet or on the side wall of the roof downspout.
[0014] Preferably, the parapet wall facing layer is of two types: a mortar facing layer without a thermal insulation layer and a mortar facing layer with a thermal insulation layer.
[0015] Preferably, the roof insulation layer material is a block insulation material such as XPS insulation board, EPS insulation board, PU insulation board, etc.
[0016] Preferably, the seam sealing structural material is a fiber-backed polymer film butyl self-adhesive waterproof tape or a double-sided adhesive sealing tape.
[0017] Preferably, the reverse-adhesive waterproof layer material is a polyethylene-polypropylene composite waterproof membrane, a polyethylene-terephthalate composite waterproof membrane, a polyethylene-ethylene composite waterproof membrane, or a wet-laid asphalt self-adhesive waterproof membrane.
[0018] Preferably, the material of the fine stone concrete protective layer is fine stone concrete with a strength of C20 or above and a built-in steel mesh. When the material is used for self-slope adjustment, the slope is ≥1%, and its minimum thickness is not less than 4 cm.
[0019] Preferably, the waterproof sealing structural material is a polymer cement-based waterproof coating compounded using a "one cloth, three coatings" process, a polymer solution waterproof coating compounded using a "one cloth, three coatings" process, or a polymer waterproof coating.
[0020] Preferably, the separation joint is set at a parallel distance of ≥30cm-≤50cm from the edge of the parapet, with a joint width of 20mm and a joint depth of ≥2 / 3.
[0021] Preferably, the caulking glue in the separation joint is asphalt caulking material or silicone weather-resistant sealant.
[0022] Preferably, the surface layer is anti-skid floor tiles or artificial turf; when the surface layer is anti-skid floor tiles, building slope adjustment can be performed, with a slope of ≥1% and a minimum thickness of not less than 3 cm.
[0023] The key innovative points of this utility model are:
[0024] 1. Anti-seepage concrete is often used as a waterproof layer material in underground waterproof projects and has good structural self-waterproofing performance. The utility model utilizes the compactness and self-waterproofing characteristics of anti-seepage concrete and applies it to roofing projects, thereby improving the structural self-waterproofing performance of reinforced concrete roof panels and reducing the probability of roof leakage.
[0025] 2. The structure of the impermeable reinforced concrete roof panel is optimized to a material self-slope with a horizontal surface at the bottom and an inclined surface at the top with a slope of ≥1%. This innovation eliminates the traditional roof leveling layer and slope layer structure, reduces engineering costs, saves construction time, reduces the weight of the roof, eliminates the hidden dangers of water storage and water leakage in the leveling layer and slope layer, and reduces the probability of roof leakage.
[0026] 3. Pay attention to the design of parapet waterproof layer, and propose the concept of parapet waterproof layer used in conjunction with the roof waterproof layer. The design uses waterproof coatings that are compatible with the parapet base and exterior cement mortar materials, solving the long-standing quality problems of asphalt waterproof membranes on traditional parapets, such as weak bonding between the parapet base and exterior cement mortar layers, easy hollowing, and water seepage.
[0027] 4. Designing internal drain outlets in the roof structure layer reduces the water accumulation in the roof structure and alleviates the protective pressure of the waterproof layer on the reinforced concrete roof panel, which not only reduces the risk of roof leakage, but also has the function of roof exhaust.
[0028] 5. The anti-adhesive waterproof layer design with anti-adhesive waterproof material is applied in the roof structure, and the full-stick bottom support is used to block the seepage channels of rainwater on the roof and water used for equipment from entering the roof structure layer through the cracks in the fine stone concrete protective layer.
[0029] 6. A sealing structure design is added at the junction of the insulation layer, fine stone concrete protective layer and the parapet waterproof layer to block the water channel between them and the parapet.
[0030] 7. A separation joint is set at the place where the fine stone concrete protective layer is close to the parapet, instead of the traditional design of leaving a 3cm wide joint at the junction of the parapet and the fine stone concrete protective layer, which solves the problem of very weak waterproof ability at this place.
[0031] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0032] 1. The roof waterproof structure and drainage structure are clearly layered, and the waterproof effect is easy to evaluate;
[0033] 2. High reliability, good durability, good thermal insulation and energy-saving performance;
[0034] 3. Economical cost, high construction efficiency, and conducive to the promotion of engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] Attached Figure 1 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a novel flat roof waterproof structure.
[0036] Figure 1 1 in the figure is a reinforced concrete roof panel
[0037] Figure 1 2 in the figure is the waterproof layer
[0038] Figure 1 3 in the figure is the parapet
[0039] Figure 1 4 in the figure is an additional waterproof layer
[0040] Figure 1 5 is the waterproof layer of the parapet wall
[0041] Figure 1 6 in the figure is the internal drainage outlet
[0042] Figure 1 7 is the parapet finishing layer
[0043] Figure 1 8 in the figure is the insulation layer
[0044] Figure 1 9 in the figure is the seam sealing structure
[0045] Figure 110 in the figure is the anti-adhesive waterproof layer
[0046] Figure 1 11 in the figure is a fine stone concrete protective layer
[0047] Figure 1 12 in the figure is a waterproof and sealed structure
[0048] Figure 1 13 in the figure is the dividing seam
[0049] Figure 1 14 of them are caulking glue
[0050] Figure 1 15 of them are the surface layer Implementation
[0051] The following will be combined with the specification attached in the utility model Figure 1 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments.
[0052] Example 1
[0053] The present embodiment is a novel flat roof waterproof structure, comprising: a reinforced concrete roof panel (1) is a P8 impermeable concrete, the lower part of the structure is a horizontal surface, the upper part is an inclined surface, the slope is 1%, the material is self-slope, the minimum thickness is 13 cm, and it is smoothed as it is laid; the waterproof layer (2) is made of a PE strong cross membrane tireless wet-laid self-adhesive polymer modified asphalt waterproofing membrane, a waterproof defense, and a thickness of 1.5 mm; the parapet (3) is a combined parapet with a lower part of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, a height of 450 mm, and an upper part of a masonry structure; the additional waterproof layer (4) is a type I polymer cement-based waterproof coating composited by a "one-layer three-coating" process, with a thickness of 1.5 mm. 2mm, and are pasted on the reinforced concrete roof panel (1) and the parapet (3) at a width of 15cm respectively; the parapet waterproof layer (5) adopts type II polymer cement-based waterproof coating with a thickness of 2mm. The material extends to the reinforced concrete roof panel (1) with a width of 30cm and is completely overlapped at the bottom of the waterproof layer (2). The material is turned up to the parapet to a height of 450mm and is closed; the internal drainage outlet (6) adopts a lateral drainage form, and a 20mm diameter PVC drainage pipe is pre-buried at the root of the parapet in the form of high inside and low outside. The number of internal drainage outlets is determined according to design requirements; the parapet finishing layer (7) is a structure without a thermal insulation layer The thermal insulation layer (8) is made of 6 cm thick XPS thermal insulation board; the joint sealing structure (9) at the junction of the thermal insulation board and the parapet waterproof layer is bonded with a 10 cm wide and 1.5 mm thick fiber-backed PE film butyl self-adhesive waterproof tape, and the board seams between the XPS thermal insulation boards are bonded with a 10 cm wide butyl self-adhesive waterproof tape; the reverse adhesive waterproof layer (10) is made of a one-time formed polyethylene polypropylene waterproof roll with a polyethylene core material thickness of 0.5 mm, which is laid on the XPS thermal insulation board, and the bonding width between the rolls is 20 cm; the fine stone concrete protective layer (11) is made of C30 fine stone concrete, The steel mesh is built-in with a minimum thickness of 4 cm and is sloped toward the center of the roof with a slope of 1%; the waterproof sealing structure (12) at the junction of the fine stone concrete protective layer and the parapet waterproof layer is made of a type II polymer cement-based waterproof coating compounded by a "one-layer three-coating" process with a thickness of 3 mm, and the overlap widths with the parapet waterproof layer and the fine stone concrete protective layer are 15 cm respectively; the separation joint (13) is 50 cm parallel to the parapet edge, with a joint width of 2 cm and a joint depth of 3.5 cm; the caulking glue (14) is asphalt caulking material; the surface layer (15) is a non-slip floor tile paved with cement mortar, and the thickness including the adhesive mortar is 3 cm.
[0054] Example 2
[0055] The present embodiment is a novel flat roof waterproof structure, comprising: a reinforced concrete roof panel (1) is a P6 impermeable concrete, the lower part of the structure is a horizontal surface, the upper part is an inclined surface, the slope is 1%, the material is self-slope, the thickness is 13 cm, and it is smoothed as it is laid; the waterproof layer (2) is composed of a 1.5 mm thick polymer cement-based waterproof coating and a 1.5 mm thick PE strong cross membrane tireless polymer modified asphalt self-adhesive waterproof membrane from bottom to top; the parapet (3) is a full masonry structure; the additional waterproof layer (4) is an acrylic emulsion waterproof coating compounded by a "one-layer three-coating" process, with a thickness of 2 mm, and is respectively The 15cm wide layer is pasted on the reinforced concrete roof panel (1) and the parapet (3); the parapet waterproof layer (5) adopts an acrylic emulsion waterproof coating compounded by the "one-layer three-coating" process with a thickness of 2mm. The material extends to the reinforced concrete roof panel (1) with a width of 30cm and is fully overlapped at the bottom of the waterproof layer (2), turned up on the parapet and closed; the internal drainage outlet (6) adopts a lateral drainage form, and a 20mm diameter PVC drainage pipe is pre-buried at the root of the parapet in the form of high inside and low outside. The number of internal drainage outlets is determined according to design requirements; the parapet finishing layer (7) is a structure without a thermal insulation layer. Cement mortar facing layer; the insulation layer (8) uses 6 cm thick EPS insulation board; the joint sealing structure (9) at the junction of the insulation board and the parapet waterproof layer uses 10 cm wide and 1.5 mm thick fiber backing polymer film butyl self-adhesive waterproof tape for overlap, and the board seams between the EPS insulation boards are bonded and sealed with 10 cm wide aluminum foil film butyl self-adhesive waterproof tape; the reverse adhesive waterproof layer (10) uses a one-time formed polyethylene polyester waterproof roll with a polyethylene core material thickness of 0.7 mm, which is laid on the EPS insulation board, and the bonding width between the rolls is 20 cm; the fine stone concrete protective layer ( 11) C30 fine stone concrete is used, with a built-in steel mesh, the minimum thickness is 4 cm, and the slope is 1% towards the center of the roof; the waterproof sealing structure (12) at the junction of the fine stone concrete protective layer and the parapet waterproof layer is made of asparagus polyurea waterproof coating among polymer waterproof coatings, with a thickness of 2 mm, and the overlap width between the parapet waterproof layer and the fine stone concrete protective layer is 5 cm respectively; the separation joint (13) is 50 cm parallel to the parapet edge, the joint width is 2 cm, and the joint depth is 3.5 cm; the caulking glue (14) uses silicone weather-resistant sealant; the surface layer (15) is PVC artificial turf.
[0056] Example 3
[0057] The present embodiment is a novel flat roof waterproof structure, comprising: a reinforced concrete roof panel (1) is a P6 impermeable concrete, the lower part of the structure is a horizontal surface, the upper part is an inclined surface, the slope is 1%, the material is self-slope, the minimum thickness is 13 cm, and it is smoothed as it is laid; the waterproof layer (2) is made of a 1.5 cm thick III type sprayed rigid foam polyurethane and a 1.5 mm thick water-based modified asphalt waterproof coating. During the construction of the waterproof layer, the gap from the parapet to the parapet is 2 cm, forming a natural structural drainage ditch; the parapet (3) is a composite parapet with a lower part of cast-in-place reinforced concrete, a height of 450 mm, and an upper part of a masonry structure; the additional waterproof layer (4) is made of a " A type I polymer cement-based waterproof coating with a thickness of 2 mm compounded by a "one-layer three-coat" process is pasted on the reinforced concrete roof panel (1) and the parapet (3) at a width of 15 cm respectively; the parapet waterproof layer (5) adopts a type I polymer cement-based waterproof coating with a thickness of 2 mm compounded by a "one-layer three-coat" process, which extends to the reinforced concrete roof panel (1) with a width of 30 cm and overlaps the lower part of the type III sprayed rigid foam polyurethane of the waterproof layer (2), and the height of the upper parapet is 450 mm and is closed; the internal drainage outlet (6) is a drainage form that opens on the side wall of the main downpipe and connects to the side wall of the main downpipe, and the number of the internal drainage outlets is the same as the number of designed main downpipes The parapet wall facing layer (7) is a cement mortar facing layer with an insulation layer structure; the insulation layer (8) uses a 5 cm thick XPS insulation board; the joint sealing structure (9) at the junction of the XPS insulation board and the parapet wall uses a 10 cm wide, 1.0 mm thick double-sided self-adhesive waterproof tape for overlap, and the board seams between the XPS insulation boards are bonded and sealed with a 10 cm wide PE film butyl self-adhesive waterproof tape; the reverse adhesive waterproof layer (10) uses a 1.5 mm thick, single-sided polymer film-based wet-laid self-adhesive asphalt waterproof membrane reversely laid on the XPS insulation board, and the overlap width between the membranes is 15 cm; the fine stone concrete protective layer (11) uses C 25 fine stone concrete, with built-in steel mesh, thickness 4cm; the waterproof sealing structure (12) at the junction of the fine stone concrete protective layer and the parapet waterproof layer is made of type I polymer cement-based waterproof coating compounded by the "one cloth three coatings" process, with a thickness of 2mm, and the overlap width between it and the parapet waterproof layer and the fine stone concrete protective layer is 10cm respectively; the separation joint (13) is 30cm parallel to the parapet edge, with a joint width of 2cm and a joint depth of 3.0cm; the caulking glue (14) uses asphalt caulking material; the surface layer (15) is an anti-slip floor tile paved with cement mortar, with a minimum thickness of 3cm including the adhesive mortar, and the slope is found towards the center of the roof with a slope of 1%.
[0058] The embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described. Any other embodiments obtained by any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims
1. A new type of flat roof waterproof structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a reinforced concrete roof panel (1), a waterproof layer (2) is arranged on the reinforced concrete roof panel, a parapet (3), an additional waterproof layer (4) is arranged at the inner corner of the parapet, a parapet waterproof layer (5) is arranged at the inner corner and the upper part of the parapet, an inner drainage outlet (6) is arranged at the inner corner of the parapet, a parapet finishing layer (7) is arranged outside the parapet waterproof layer, a roof insulation layer (8) is arranged on the reinforced concrete roof panel waterproof layer (2), a joint sealing structure (9) is formed at the junction of the roof insulation layer and the parapet waterproof layer, a reverse-adhesive waterproof layer (10) is arranged on the roof insulation layer, a fine stone concrete protective layer (11) is arranged on the reverse-adhesive waterproof layer, a waterproof sealing structure (12) is formed at the junction of the fine stone concrete protective layer and the parapet waterproof layer, a separation joint (13) is arranged on the fine stone concrete protective layer, a joint caulking glue (14) is arranged at the separation joint, and a surface layer (15) is arranged on the fine stone concrete protective layer.
2. A novel flat roof waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced concrete roof panel (1) is made of impermeable concrete of grade P6 or above, and its lower surface is a plane and its upper surface is an inclined surface, and the material has a self-slope with a slope of ≥1%.
3. A novel flat roof waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the waterproof layer (2) does not exceed 2.
4. A novel flat roof waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parapet wall waterproof layer (5) is a waterproof layer structure that provides waterproof protection for the parapet wall (3) and cooperates with the joint sealing structure (9) and the waterproof sealing structure (12) to provide waterproof protection.
5. A novel flat roof waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse-adhesive waterproof layer is a waterproof layer structure composed of a waterproof material having a full bonding ability with the lower part of the fine stone concrete protective layer (11).
6. A novel flat roof waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner drain outlet (6) is arranged on the parapet wall and the side wall of the roof downpipe.
7. A novel flat roof waterproof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parapet wall facing layer (7) is of two types: a mortar facing layer without a thermal insulation layer and a mortar facing layer with a thermal insulation layer.