A multi-input source charging management system and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-input source charging management system and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of charging management. The system comprises a micro control unit (MCU), a charging management integrated circuit and a first voltage dividing circuit. The MCU and the charging management integrated circuit are connected with respective communication pins. An ADC pin of the MCU is connected with an output end of the first voltage dividing circuit. A power input pin of the charging management integrated circuit is connected to an external power module. A charging output pin is connected with a positive pin of a battery to be charged. An input end of the first voltage dividing circuit is connected to the external power module. The charging management integrated circuit is internally provided with a register of configurable charging parameters, supports writing and configuration of the charging parameters through the communication pin, and the voltage dividing ratio of the first voltage dividing circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power module to the input voltage range of the ADC pin. The application provides a basic hardware platform for supporting multiple input sources, reduces the cost, and has higher universality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of charging management technology, and in particular to a multi-input source charging management system and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Most current electronic devices (such as smart wearable devices, portable medical devices, industrial handheld terminals, etc.) use single-function charging chips for battery charging. However, single-function charging chips are only suitable for one type of input source, such as wired 5V power supply, wired 9V power supply, wired 12V power supply or wireless 10V power supply, and the charging mode is limited.

[0003] Smartphones use highly integrated power management units (PMUs) that enable charging from multiple input sources. However, the charging management integrated circuit (CIC), as the core chip of the PMU, is a highly customized chip based on various modules of the smartphone. This makes it difficult for the CIC to be adapted to other electronic devices. Furthermore, the CIC in smartphones is expensive, and using it in low-power electronic devices would significantly increase their hardware costs.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a low-cost, universal multi-input source charging management system. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above problems, this application provides a multi-input source charging management system and electronic device to achieve a low-cost, universal multi-input source charging management system. The specific solution is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a multi-input source charging management system, including:

[0007] The microcontroller unit (MCU) includes a communication pin and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pin. The communication pin is connected to the communication pin of the charging management integrated circuit, and the ADC pin is connected to the output of the first voltage divider circuit.

[0008] The charging management integrated circuit further includes a power input pin, a charging output pin, and a register for configurable charging parameters. The power input pin is connected to an external power module, and the charging output pin is connected to the positive terminal of the battery to be charged.

[0009] The first voltage divider circuit also includes an input terminal, which is connected to the external power supply module;

[0010] The register allows the MCU to write and configure the charging parameters via the communication pin, and the voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power supply module to the voltage range of the ADC pin.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the charging parameters include one or more of the following parameters: charging current, undervoltage protection threshold.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the external power module includes a wired power interface and a wireless charging system, and the first voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface and a first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system.

[0013] The first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface and the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system have the same circuit structure.

[0014] The circuit structure includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded. The second end of the first resistor is the input end of the first voltage divider circuit, and the first end of the first resistor is the output end of the first voltage divider circuit.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the external power module includes a wired power interface and a wireless charging system. The power input pin of the charging management integrated circuit is connected to the wired power interface via a first Schottky diode and to the wireless charging system via a second Schottky diode.

[0016] In one possible implementation, it also includes: a first low-dropout linear regulator;

[0017] The input pin of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the positive terminal pin of the battery to be charged, and the output pin of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU.

[0018] In one possible implementation, it also includes: a second low-dropout linear regulator;

[0019] The input pin of the second low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the external power supply module;

[0020] The output pin of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a third Schottky diode, and the output pin of the second low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a fourth Schottky diode.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the communication pins included by the MCU and the charging management integrated circuit each include an I2C clock line pin and an I2C data line pin.

[0022] The I2C clock line pin of the MCU is connected to the I2C clock line pin of the charging management integrated circuit, and the I2C data line pin of the MCU is connected to the I2C data line pin of the charging management integrated circuit.

[0023] The I2C clock line pin of the MCU is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a first pull-up resistor, and the I2C data line pin of the MCU is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a second pull-up resistor.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the MCU is an MCU that supports sleep-wake-up for the ADC.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the wake-up pin of the MCU is connected to the output of a second voltage divider circuit, the input of which is connected to the external power supply module. The voltage division ratio of the second voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power supply module to within the input voltage range of the wake-up pin.

[0026] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device, comprising: a multi-input source charging management system according to the first aspect or any implementation thereof, and the battery to be charged, wherein the negative terminal pin of the battery to be charged is grounded.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the electronic device is a robot.

[0028] Using the above technical solution, the multi-input source charging management system provided in this application includes a microcontroller unit (MCU), a charging management integrated circuit (IC), and a first voltage divider circuit. The communication pins of the MCU are connected to the communication pins of the charging management IC, the ADC pin of the MCU is connected to the output of the first voltage divider circuit, the power input pin of the charging management IC is connected to an external power module, the charging output pin of the charging management IC is connected to the positive terminal of the battery to be charged, and the input of the first voltage divider circuit is connected to the external power module. The charging management IC includes a register that can configure charging parameters. This register allows the MCU to write and configure charging parameters via the communication pin. The voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power module to within the voltage range of the ADC pin. This application, on the one hand, connects the external power supply module to the MCU's ADC pin via a first voltage divider circuit. This ensures that regardless of the input source, the voltage supplied by the external power supply module is automatically and passively attenuated to the ADC's voltage range according to the voltage division ratio. This structure fundamentally guarantees the hardware safety and accuracy of the voltage division signal, providing a reliable data foundation for the MCU's subsequent intelligent decision-making and avoiding the risk of damage to the ADC pin due to overvoltage from the input source. On the other hand, it interconnects the communication pins of the MCU and the charging management integrated circuit. This hardware connection structure enables the MCU to directly and efficiently configure charging parameters in the registers of the charging management integrated circuit, thus providing a robust hardware platform for implementing multiple charging modes. Subsequent configuration without replacing physical components allows the multi-input source charging management system to support various different input sources.

[0029] Furthermore, in the multi-input source charging management system, the charging management integrated circuits, MCUs, and other physical components that support the configuration of charging parameters in the registers are all relatively common and low-cost, thereby reducing the cost of the multi-input source charging management system. It eliminates the need to customize charging management integrated circuits for a specific electronic device, thus improving the versatility of the multi-input source charging management system in electronic devices. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0031] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-input source charging management system;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another multi-input source charging management system provided in this application;

[0033] Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface provided in this application;

[0034] Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system provided in this application;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another multi-input source charging management system provided in this application;

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of another multi-input source charging management system provided in this application;

[0037] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another multi-input source charging management system provided in this application;

[0038] Figure 7 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a second voltage divider circuit;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is for explaining specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0041] The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will recognize that, with technological advancements and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0042] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate; this is merely a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes in the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to those processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0043] This application provides a multi-input source charging management system and electronic device, which can be applied to electronic devices that need to support multi-input source charging, such as smart wearable devices, portable medical devices, industrial handheld terminals and other electronic devices.

[0044] Since the multi-input source charging management system only requires the registers of the charging management integrated circuit (i.e., the charging IC) to support the configuration of charging parameters via communication pins, and the charging management integrated circuits with this configuration function are common and inexpensive on the market, the multi-input source charging management system provided in this application can be configured on most electronic devices today, and configuring the multi-input source charging management system in electronic devices will not significantly increase the cost of electronic devices.

[0045] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand this application, the multi-input source charging management system of the present application embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-input source charging management system provided in an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the multi-input source charging management system may include: a microcontroller unit (MCU) U1, a charging management integrated circuit U2, and a first voltage divider circuit U0.

[0047] like Figure 1 The MCU U1 includes a communication pin and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pin. The MCU's communication pin is connected to the communication pin of the charging management integrated circuit U2, and the ADC pin is connected to the output of the first voltage divider circuit U0.

[0048] The charging management integrated circuit U2 includes a communication pin, a power input pin VIN, and a power positive pin BAT. The power input pin VIN is connected to the external power module VBUS, and the power positive pin BAT is connected to the positive pin of the battery to be charged VBAT.

[0049] The first voltage divider circuit U0 includes an input terminal and an output terminal, with the input terminal connected to the external power supply module VBUS.

[0050] like Figure 1 The MCU U1 and the charging management integrated circuit U2 also include a ground pin GND, which is connected to the reference ground. Since the voltage output of the external power module VBUS is unstable and may affect the power supply of subsequent loads, a filter capacitor C1 is set before the voltage output of the external power module VBUS is connected to the charging management integrated circuit U2 in order to stabilize the power supply voltage.

[0051] In this embodiment, the voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider circuit U0 is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power module VBUS to within the input voltage range of the ADC pin, where the input voltage range refers to the range of input voltages that the ADC pin can withstand.

[0052] It should be noted that different external power supply modules (VBUS) provide different voltages, resulting in different attenuation values ​​after proportional decay. Consequently, the voltage range input to the ADC pin varies. The maximum value within this voltage range does not exceed the input voltage range of the ADC pin. For example, assuming the external power supply module provides 5V with a voltage division ratio of 1 / 4, the voltage range input to the ADC pin is 0-1.25V. If the external power supply module provides 9V with the same 1 / 4 voltage division ratio, the voltage range input to the ADC pin is 0-2.25V.

[0053] The charging management integrated circuit U2 in this embodiment includes a register for configurable charging parameters. This register allows the MCU to write and configure the charging parameters via a communication pin. Thus, when the communication pin of the MCU U1 is connected to the communication pin of the charging management integrated circuit U2, the MCU U1 can write the charging parameters to be configured into the register of the charging management integrated circuit U2. As a result, the charging management integrated circuit U2 can charge the battery to be charged based on the configured charging parameters. By configuring the charging parameters, it is possible to avoid exceeding the maximum output power of the adapter or wireless charging IC corresponding to the input source, which would prevent normal charging.

[0054] The multi-input source charging management system provided in this application includes a microcontroller unit (MCU), a charging management integrated circuit (IC), and a first voltage divider circuit. The communication pins of the MCU and the IC are connected. The ADC pin of the MCU is connected to the output of the first voltage divider circuit. The power input pin of the IC is connected to an external power module, and the charging output pin is connected to the positive terminal of the battery to be charged. The input of the first voltage divider circuit is connected to the external power module. The IC includes a register for configurable charging parameters, which allows the MCU to write and configure the charging parameters via the communication pin. The voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power module to the voltage range of the ADC pin. This application connects the external power module to the MCU's ADC pin via the first voltage divider circuit, ensuring that regardless of the input source, the voltage supplied by the external power module is automatically and passively attenuated to the ADC's voltage range according to the voltage division ratio. This structure fundamentally guarantees the hardware security and accuracy of the voltage division signal, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent intelligent decision-making by the MCU and avoiding the risk of damage to the ADC pin due to overvoltage from the input source. On the other hand, the communication pins of the MCU and the charging management integrated circuit are interconnected. This hardware connection structure enables the MCU to directly and efficiently configure charging parameters in the registers of the charging management integrated circuit, thus providing a solid hardware platform for implementing multiple charging modes. No physical components need to be replaced in the future; the multi-input source charging management system can support multiple different input sources simply by configuration.

[0055] Furthermore, in the multi-input source charging management system, the charging management integrated circuits, MCUs, and other physical components that support the configuration of charging parameters in the registers are all relatively common and low-cost, thereby reducing the cost of the multi-input source charging management system. It eliminates the need to customize charging management integrated circuits for a specific electronic device, thus improving the versatility of the multi-input source charging management system in electronic devices.

[0056] Optionally, the external power module provided in this application may include one or more of a wired power interface and a wireless charging system. The wired power interface is used to connect to a wired DC power source, and the wireless charging system is used to receive wirelessly transmitted energy and convert it into DC power output. For example, current wired power interfaces can connect to wired 5V power sources, wired 9V power sources, wired 12V power sources, etc., and the wireless charging system can convert it into wireless 10V power output.

[0057] In one possible implementation, the external power module includes a wired power interface and a wireless charging system. Since the existence of two different input sources in the circuit structure may cause current backflow, in order to avoid the current backflow phenomenon, optionally, the power input pin of the charging management integrated circuit U2 can be connected to the wired power interface through a first Schottky diode, and the power input pin of the charging management integrated circuit U2 can be connected to the wireless charging system through a second Schottky diode.

[0058] For example, see Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of another multi-input source charging management system provided in this application. Figure 2 The wired power interface provides wired DC power (USB_VBUS), and the wireless charging system provides wireless DC power (Wireless_VBUS). D1 is the first Schottky diode, and D2 is the second Schottky diode. D1 and D2 can be used to ensure that wired charging and wireless charging are isolated from each other and that there is no reverse current flow.

[0059] Most current charging management integrated circuits (U2) support register configuration of charging parameters. For example, the IU5200D has a built-in register that can flexibly configure parameters such as charging current and input voltage limit (i.e., undervoltage protection threshold). These parameters can be configured through the communication pins on the IU5200D.

[0060] Optionally, the charging parameters configured via the communication pin in this embodiment may include one or more of the following parameters: charging current and undervoltage protection threshold.

[0061] Here, charging current refers to the current flowing from the external power module to the battery during the charging process. It is a core parameter for measuring charging speed and charging stage.

[0062] It is understandable that different input sources can provide different voltages, and consequently, different voltages correspond to different charging currents. To enable a multi-input source charging management system to support multiple input sources by configuring the charging current, the following is a possible implementation method.

[0063] For example, a voltage-current mapping table (i.e., a mapping table of input source voltage and charging current) can be built into the MCU. This voltage-current mapping table can be defined according to the input source power and the requirements of the charging management integrated circuit U2. Then, the MCU U1 can determine the input source of the external voltage module based on the voltage range of the voltage collected by the ADC, and then configure the charging current corresponding to the determined input source for the charging management integrated circuit U2 based on the voltage-current mapping table.

[0064] For example, if the input voltage for wired charging is 5V, the MCU U1 can determine that the input source is a wired 5V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC when it is powered on. Then, it can determine the corresponding charging current I1 by querying the voltage-current mapping table, and then configure the charging current I1 for the charging current configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0065] Similarly, the input voltage for wired charging is 9V. When the MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine that the input source is a wired 9V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC. Then, it can determine the corresponding charging current I2 by querying the voltage-current mapping table, and then configure the charging current I2 for the charging current configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0066] The input voltage for wired charging is 12V. When the MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine that the input source is a wired 12V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC. Then, it determines the corresponding charging current I3 by querying the voltage-current mapping table, and then configures the charging current I3 to the charging current configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0067] The input voltage for wireless charging is 10V. When the MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine that the input source is a wireless 10V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC. Then, it determines the corresponding charging current I4 by querying the voltage-current mapping table, and then configures the charging current I4 to the charging current configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0068] It should be noted that the above-described method of configuring the voltage-current mapping table to write the charging current register is only one possible method under the hardware structure provided in this application embodiment. In addition, there may be other methods under the hardware architecture of this application, which are not specifically limited here.

[0069] The aforementioned undervoltage protection threshold is used to limit the input voltage of the power input pin VIN of the charging management integrated circuit U2. Similarly, different input sources can provide different voltages, and therefore different voltages correspond to different undervoltage protection thresholds.

[0070] To enable the multi-input source charging management system to support multiple input sources by configuring undervoltage protection thresholds, the following is a possible implementation method.

[0071] Similar to the charging current, for the undervoltage protection threshold, a voltage-voltage mapping table (i.e., a mapping table of input source voltage and undervoltage protection threshold) can be built into the MCU. This allows the MCU U1 to determine the input source of the external voltage module based on the voltage range of the voltage acquired by the ADC, and then configure the undervoltage protection threshold corresponding to the determined input source for the charging management integrated circuit U2 based on the voltage-voltage mapping table.

[0072] The input voltage for wired charging is 5V. When MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine the input source as a wired 5V power supply based on the voltage acquired by the ADC. Then, it determines the corresponding undervoltage protection threshold V1 by consulting a voltage-voltage mapping table, for example, V1 is 4.5V. Finally, it configures the undervoltage protection threshold V1 in the undervoltage protection threshold configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 via the communication pin. The charging process of the charging management integrated circuit U2 is as follows: as the charging current provided by the charging management integrated circuit U2 to the battery increases, the input voltage is gradually pulled down. When it drops to V1, the undervoltage protection threshold is reached. Assuming the charging current at this point is I1, the charging current will be maintained at I1 and will not continue to increase. The same logic applies to other input sources, which will not be elaborated further below.

[0073] It's important to note that this voltage drop to the undervoltage protection threshold is an abnormal situation that only occurs when the rated output power of the input source (i.e., the external power module) is lower than the actual charging power. If the rated output power of the input source is higher than the actual charging power, the input voltage will be pulled down as the current increases, but it will not drop to the undervoltage protection threshold.

[0074] Similarly, the input voltage for wired charging is 9V. When the MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine that the input source is a wired 9V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC. Then, it can determine the corresponding undervoltage protection threshold V2 by querying the voltage-voltage mapping table. For example, V2 is 8.5V. Then, it can configure the undervoltage protection threshold V2 in the undervoltage protection threshold configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0075] The input voltage for wired charging is 12V. When the MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine that the input source is a wired 12V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC. Then, it can determine the corresponding undervoltage protection threshold V3 by querying the voltage-voltage mapping table. For example, V3 is 11.5V. Then, it can configure the undervoltage protection threshold V3 in the undervoltage protection threshold configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0076] The input voltage for wireless charging is 10V. When the MCU U1 is powered on, it can determine that the input source is a wireless 10V power supply based on the voltage collected by the ADC. Then, it can determine the corresponding undervoltage protection threshold V4 by querying the voltage-voltage mapping table. For example, V4 is 9.5V. Then, it can configure the undervoltage protection threshold V4 in the undervoltage protection threshold configuration register of the charging management integrated circuit U2 through the communication pin.

[0077] It should be noted that the above-described method of configuring the register writing configuration for the undervoltage protection threshold by configuring the voltage-voltage mapping table is only one possible method under the hardware structure provided in this application embodiment. In addition, there may be other methods under the hardware architecture of this application, which are not specifically limited here.

[0078] The hardware architecture of this application allows for great flexibility and future adaptability in scenarios that require support for new charging protocols or adaptation to batteries of different capacities, without changing any physical components in the hardware architecture, only by updating the above mapping table or updating the decision-making method of the MCU.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the external power module may include a wired power interface and a wireless charging system. Then, the first voltage divider circuit U0 includes a first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface and a first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system. The first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface and the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system are different voltage divider circuits, but have the same circuit structure.

[0080] Furthermore, the circuit structure includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor are connected together, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded. The second end of the first resistor is the input end of the first voltage divider circuit, and the first end of the first resistor is the output end of the first voltage divider circuit.

[0081] Taking the wired power interface providing wired DC power USB_VBUS and the wireless charging system providing wireless DC power Wireless_VBUS as an example, see Figures 3(a) and 3(b). Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface provided in this application, and Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system provided in this application.

[0082] Referring to Figure 3(a), the wired power interface J1 outputs a wired DC power supply USB_VBUS as the input to the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface J1. The first resistor is R1, the second resistor is R3, D3 is a TVS diode (i.e., a transient voltage suppressor diode, used to prevent surges and static electricity components that may be contained in the input power supply from damaging the downstream circuit), C2 is a filter capacitor, and the output terminal outputs USB_VBUS_ADC. Similarly, referring to Figure 3(b), the wireless charging system J2 outputs a wireless DC power supply Wireless_VBUS as the input to the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired charging system J2. The first resistor is R2, the second resistor is R4, D4 is a TVS diode, C3 is a filter capacitor, and the output terminal outputs Wireless_VBUS_ADC.

[0083] It should be noted that the circuit structures shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b) are only one possible circuit structure. In addition, there are other circuit structures. For example, R1, R2, R3 or R4 can be obtained by connecting one or more resistors in series, in parallel or in a mixed manner.

[0084] By using the resistor divider described above, USB_VBUS or Wireless_VBUS can be linearly mapped to the input voltage range of the MCU's ADC pin, allowing the MCU to accurately determine the input source type.

[0085] Optionally, different ADC pins can be connected to the MCU for wired and wireless input sources. For example, the USB_VBUS_ADC output in Figure 3(a) is connected to the ADC1 pin of the MCU, and the Wireless_VBUS_ADC output in Figure 3(b) is connected to the ADC2 pin of the MCU, so as to more accurately determine the input source type.

[0086] It should be understood that the battery to be recharged needs to power the various modules inside the electronic device. Therefore, in one possible implementation, the MCU can also be powered by the battery to ensure that the MCU can configure the charging parameters for the charging management integrated circuit U2 when it is powered.

[0087] For example, optionally, the MCU's power supply pin can be connected to the positive pin of the battery to be recharged, so that the MCU is powered when the battery to be recharged has power.

[0088] However, the voltage provided by the battery to be recharged may not match the MCU's power supply voltage. Generally, the voltage provided by the battery to be recharged is higher than the MCU's power supply voltage. Therefore, directly connecting the MCU's power supply pin to the positive terminal of the battery to be recharged may damage the MCU due to the voltage mismatch. Based on this, in a preferred implementation, such as Figure 4In the multi-input source charging management system, a first low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) U3 can be configured, and the input pin VIN of the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 is connected to the positive terminal pin VBAT of the battery to be charged, the output pin VOUT is connected to the power supply pin VDD of the MCU, and the ground pin GND is grounded.

[0089] The first low-dropout linear regulator U3 can step down and regulate the voltage output from the battery to be charged. For example, if the MCU requires a voltage of 3.3V, the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 can reduce the voltage output from the battery to be charged to a stable 3.3V, thereby providing stable power to the MCU.

[0090] like Figure 4 Since the voltage output from the battery VBAT and the voltage output from the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 are both used as power supplies for the subsequent loads, filter capacitors C4 and C5 need to be installed on the corresponding lines to improve voltage stability.

[0091] Considering that the battery to be charged may be completely depleted, it will be unable to supply power to the MCU. Without a power supply, the MCU cannot be powered on. Therefore, when a wired or wireless charging power source is connected, the MCU cannot configure the charging parameters of the charging management integrated circuit. The charging management integrated circuit can only charge with the maximum current allowed by the chip itself by default. It may stop outputting because it exceeds the maximum output power of the adapter or wireless charging system, resulting in the battery to be charged not being able to charge normally.

[0092] To address the aforementioned problem of inability to charge normally, in another optional embodiment, the multi-input source charging management system provided in this application may further include a second low-dropout linear regulator U4. The input pin VIN of the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 is connected to an external power supply module, the output pin VOUT is connected to the power supply pin VDD of the MCU, and the ground pin GND is grounded.

[0093] The following example illustrates a possible power supply strategy when both the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 are connected to the power supply pins of the MCU.

[0094] For example, when the battery to be recharged is completely depleted, the MCU can be powered by the second low-dropout linear regulator U4. When the battery to be recharged has power, the MCU can be powered by the first low-dropout linear regulator U3, or the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 can each supply a portion of power to the MCU.

[0095] Of course, other power supply strategies may be used based on the hardware architecture of this application, which are not specifically limited here.

[0096] Since both the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 can power the MCU, to prevent reverse current flow when powering the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4, optionally, a Schottky diode can be added after the output pin of each of the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4. For example, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 As shown, the output pin VOUT of the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through the third Schottky diode D5, and the output pin VOUT of the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through the fourth Schottky diode D6.

[0097] like Figure 5 Since the voltage output from the external power supply module and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 is used as the power supply for the subsequent load, filter capacitors C6 and C7 need to be installed on the corresponding lines to improve voltage stability.

[0098] This application innovatively adds a second low-dropout linear regulator U4 and related circuitry to the multi-input source charging management system, thereby providing the MCU with a power supply path independent of the battery to be charged. When the battery to be charged is completely depleted, the MCU can be powered through the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 when a wired or wireless charging power source is connected, enabling the MCU to operate normally and configure the charging parameters of the charging management integrated circuit U2 in a timely manner, thus achieving normal charging.

[0099] The combination of the first low-dropout linear regulator U3 and the second low-dropout linear regulator U4 fundamentally ensures that the MCU can work and manage under any condition, solving a common fatal flaw in low-cost multi-charge modes.

[0100] Optionally, the aforementioned communication pins can be I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) pins, which include an I2C clock line pin I2C_SCK and an I2C data line pin I2C_SDA. In this case, the I2C clock line pin of the MCU is connected to the I2C clock line pin of the charging management integrated circuit, and the I2C data line pin of the MCU is connected to the I2C data line pin of the charging management integrated circuit, thereby forming an I2C bus.

[0101] like Figure 6To ensure that the I2C bus can correctly transmit high and low level signals, this embodiment also requires that the MCU's I2C clock line pin be connected to the MCU's power supply pin through the first pull-up resistor R5, and the MCU's I2C data line pin be connected to the MCU's power supply pin through the second pull-up resistor R6.

[0102] Understandably, the MCU may be in a deep sleep state, and when it is necessary to use the MCU to configure charging parameters, the MCU needs to be woken up from the sleep state.

[0103] In one possible implementation, this application may employ an MCU with ADC-supported sleep / wake-up functionality. Therefore, based on the hardware architecture of this application, an exemplary method for waking up the MCU is as follows: at the instant a wired or wireless charging power source is connected, the ADC1 pin or ADC2 pin acquires an electrical signal, and the MCU is woken up.

[0104] In another possible implementation, the ADC in MCU U1 may not support sleep / wake-up. Optionally, the MCU's wake-up pin can be connected to the output of a second voltage divider circuit, with the input of the second voltage divider circuit connected to an external power supply module. The voltage division ratio of the second voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power supply module to within the input voltage range of the wake-up pin. Under this second voltage divider circuit hardware architecture, one way to wake up the MCU is to activate it via the wake-up pin the instant wired or wireless charging power is connected.

[0105] Optionally, the circuit structure of the second voltage divider circuit can be similar to that of the first voltage divider circuit, that is, two or more resistors can be connected in series to divide the voltage from the external power supply module and then input the divided power supply voltage to the wake-up pin.

[0106] See Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the second voltage divider circuit. The second voltage divider circuit includes two resistors, R7 and R8. The external power supply module VBUS (as described earlier, it can be USB_VBUS or Wireless_VBUS) is connected to the first terminal of resistor R7. The second terminals of resistor R7 and R8 are connected together. The first terminal of resistor R8 is grounded, and the second terminal of resistor R7 is connected to the MCU's wake-up pin. The second voltage divider circuit outputs a divided power supply voltage, VBUS_WKUP, which is input to the wake-up pin to wake up the MCU.

[0107] This application embodiment sets up an external circuit for the wake-up pin, so that the MCU can be woken up by the corresponding wake-up method when the MCU is in a deep sleep state. This allows the MCU to configure the charging parameters of the charging management integrated circuit more promptly, taking into account both low power consumption and fast response.

[0108] In summary, this application uses a low-cost, simple, and universal charging management integrated circuit, combined with an intelligent MCU with wake-up function to build a multi-input source charging management system. This provides a solid hardware foundation for supporting multiple charging modes. With only simple MCU configuration, the multi-mode charging function that currently requires expensive and highly integrated professional power management chips (PMUs) in smartphones can be realized. This improves the versatility and portability of the multi-input source charging management system, making it easy to adapt to various electronic devices.

[0109] This application also provides an electronic device, such as... Figure 8 The electronic device includes any of the aforementioned multi-input source charging management systems and a battery to be charged, with the negative terminal of the battery to be charged grounded. When the multi-input source charging management system is connected to an external power module and the positive terminal of the battery to be charged is connected to the charging output pin of the charging management integrated circuit, the multi-input source charging management system can charge the battery to be charged.

[0110] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not limit the capacity of the rechargeable battery.

[0111] Optionally, the electronic device provided in this application can be a robot, such as a pet robot capable of executing user commands. Of course, the electronic device can also be other types, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0112] It should also be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. In addition, in the device embodiment drawings provided in this application, the connection relationship between modules indicates that they have a communication connection, which can be implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines.

[0113] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that this application can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware, or it can be implemented by special-purpose hardware including application-specific integrated circuits, special-purpose CPUs, special-purpose memory, special-purpose components, etc. Generally, any function performed by a computer program can be easily implemented by corresponding hardware, and the specific hardware structure used to implement the same function can also be diverse, such as analog circuits, digital circuits, or special-purpose circuits. However, for this application, software program implementation is more often the preferred implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, training equipment, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0114] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product.

[0115] The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, training device, or data center to another website, computer, training device, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can store or a data storage device such as a training device or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid-state drives (SSDs)).

Claims

1. A multi-input source charging management system, characterized in that, include: The microcontroller unit (MCU) includes a communication pin and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) pin. The communication pin is connected to the communication pin of the charging management integrated circuit, and the ADC pin is connected to the output of the first voltage divider circuit. The charging management integrated circuit further includes a power input pin, a charging output pin, and a register for configurable charging parameters. The power input pin is connected to an external power module, and the charging output pin is connected to the positive terminal of the battery to be charged. The first voltage divider circuit also includes an input terminal, which is connected to the external power supply module; The register allows the MCU to write and configure the charging parameters via the communication pin, and the voltage division ratio of the first voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power supply module to the voltage range of the ADC pin.

2. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging parameters include one or more of the following parameters: charging current, undervoltage protection threshold.

3. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external power module includes a wired power interface and a wireless charging system, and the first voltage divider circuit includes a first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface and a first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system. The first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wired power interface and the first voltage divider circuit corresponding to the wireless charging system have the same circuit structure. The circuit structure includes a first resistor and a second resistor. The first end of the first resistor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded. The second end of the first resistor is the input end of the first voltage divider circuit, and the first end of the first resistor is the output end of the first voltage divider circuit.

4. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external power module includes a wired power interface and a wireless charging system. The power input pin of the charging management integrated circuit is connected to the wired power interface through a first Schottky diode and to the wireless charging system through a second Schottky diode.

5. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: First low-dropout linear regulator; The input pin of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the positive terminal pin of the battery to be charged, and the output pin of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU.

6. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Second low-dropout linear regulator; The input pin of the second low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the external power supply module; The output pin of the first low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a third Schottky diode, and the output pin of the second low-dropout linear regulator is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a fourth Schottky diode.

7. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication pins included by the MCU and the charging management integrated circuit each include an I2C clock line pin and an I2C data line pin. The I2C clock line pin of the MCU is connected to the I2C clock line pin of the charging management integrated circuit, and the I2C data line pin of the MCU is connected to the I2C data line pin of the charging management integrated circuit. The I2C clock line pin of the MCU is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a first pull-up resistor, and the I2C data line pin of the MCU is connected to the power supply pin of the MCU through a second pull-up resistor.

8. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MCU mentioned is an MCU that supports sleep / wake-up for ADC.

9. The multi-input source charging management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The wake-up pin of the MCU is connected to the output of the second voltage divider circuit, and the input of the second voltage divider circuit is connected to the external power supply module. The voltage division ratio of the second voltage divider circuit is set to attenuate the voltage from the external power supply module to within the input voltage range of the wake-up pin.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The multi-input source charging management system according to any one of claims 1-9 and the battery to be charged, wherein the negative terminal pin of the battery to be charged is grounded.

11. The electronic device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The electronic device is a robot.

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