Laminate window unit

Abstract

To provide a technique for improving a soundproof performance of a window.SOLUTION: A multilayer window unit includes : a first laminate body having a planar-shaped first core material and a pair of first glass panes adhered on both sides of the first core material interposing adhesion layers respectively; and a planar body facing the first laminate body with a gap therebetween and having light transmissivity. A first glass pane may be 1.0 mm thick or less.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The technology disclosed herein relates to laminated window units. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 discloses insulating glass in which a laminate including a plate-shaped core material and a glass plate laminated on the core material via an adhesive layer is disposed opposite the glass plate with an intermediate layer sandwiched therebetween. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2022 / 064240 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In order to improve the soundproofing performance, it is possible to increase the thickness of at least one of the laminate and the glass plate. However, increasing the plate thickness increases the weight. The relationship between soundproofing performance and plate thickness is not discussed in the patent literature.

[0005] The present specification provides a technique for improving the soundproofing performance of windows. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] A first aspect of the technology disclosed in this specification relates to a multi-layer window unit. The multi-layer window unit includes a first laminate including a flat first core material and a pair of first glass plates bonded to both sides of the first core material via adhesive layers, and a light-transmitting flat plate facing the first laminate with a gap therebetween, and the first glass plates may have a thickness of 1.0 mm or less.

[0007] The inventors have discovered that by arranging the above-mentioned first laminate and flat plate facing each other with a gap between them, it is possible to suppress the transmission of sounds in the frequency range of 3000 Hz to 4000 Hz, and even up to 6000 Hz, which are particularly audible to humans, even if the thickness of the first glass plate is 1.0 mm or less. This makes it possible to prevent the multi-layer window unit from becoming heavy by reducing the thickness of the glass plates used in the laminate.

[0008] A second form of the technology disclosed in this specification may be a second laminate in the above-mentioned first form, wherein the flat body includes a flat second core material and a pair of second glass plates adhered to each of both sides of the second core material via an adhesive layer.

[0009] By arranging multiple laminates in a multi-pane window unit, sound transmission can be further reduced.

[0010] As a third aspect of the technology disclosed in the present specification, in the first or second aspect, the first core material may have a thickness of 3.0 mm to 10 mm.

[0011] By setting the thickness of the first core material within the above range, it is possible to suppress sound transmission while maintaining the performance of the laminate, such as strength, and to suppress an increase in the weight of the laminate.

[0012] As a fourth aspect of the technology disclosed in this specification, in any one of the first to third aspects, the first core material may have a thickness of 3.0 mm to 10 mm.

[0013] By producing the first laminate in the above range, it is possible to suppress sound transmission while maintaining the performance of the laminate, such as strength, and to suppress an increase in the weight of the laminate.

[0014] A fifth aspect of the technology disclosed in the present specification is any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the first glass plate may have an arithmetic mean roughness of a surface of 1 nm to 5 nm.

[0015] By defining the surface roughness Ra of the first glass plate within the above range, it is possible to suppress sound transmission while maintaining the performance of the laminate, such as strength, and to suppress an increase in the weight of the laminate. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] A front view of a multi-layer window unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. [Diagram 2] 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the multi-glazing window unit of the first embodiment taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. [Diagram 3] 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the multi-glazing window unit of the second embodiment taken along line II-II in FIG. [Figure 4] 1 shows a graph illustrating the sound transmission loss of a multi-pane window unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0017] (First Example) As shown in Figure 1, the laminated window unit 2 includes a glass unit 10. The laminated window unit 2 is used by being fitted into the wall of a building such as a house or a commercial building.

[0018] As shown in Fig. 2, the glass unit 10 includes a laminate 12 and a glass sheet 14. In the glass unit 10, the laminate 12 is disposed on the outside of a building, and the glass sheet 14 is disposed on the inside of the building. The laminate 12 has a rectangular flat plate shape. The laminate 12 includes a core material 16, a pair of adhesive layers 17, 17, and a pair of glass sheets 18, 18. The glass unit 10 is held by a window frame 20.

[0019] The core material 16 is, for example, a flat plate made of polycarbonate. The thickness of the core material 16 is in the range of 3.0 mm to 10 mm. A glass plate 18 is bonded to each of both sides of the core material 16 via an adhesive layer 17. The adhesive layer 17 spreads over the entire surface of the core material 16. The material of the adhesive layer 17 is, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin (i.e., EVA). The material of the adhesive layer 17 may be a resin other than ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, such as polyvinyl butyral resin (i.e., PVB) or ultraviolet curing resin. The adhesive layer 17 may be an adhesive such as an acrylic adhesive or a silicone adhesive. The thickness of the adhesive layer 17 is about 0.1 to 3 times the thickness of the glass plate 18. The adhesive 17 itself may or may not have a soundproofing function.

[0020] The glass plate 18 is a thin plate having a thickness of 1.0 mm or less. The glass plate 18 is produced, for example, by the overflow method. In the overflow method, molten glass is made to overflow from a trough-shaped container. The glass overflowing from the container flows downward along each of both side surfaces of the container. The bottom surface of the container has a triangular prism shape that narrows downward from the lower end of the side surface. The glass flows along the bottom surface and meets at the apex part of the lower end of the triangular prism shape. A thin plate of glass is produced by cooling the glass flowing downward from the bottom surface of the container. This results in a glass plate 18 having an arithmetic mean roughness Ra of 1 nm to 5 nm on the surface. The arithmetic mean roughness Ra is a value measured according to JIS B0601 (2013). The core material 16 and the adhesive layer 17 are larger than the glass plate 18 and extend outward from the outer edge of the glass plate 18.

[0021] A glass sheet 14 is arranged on the inner side of the building of the laminated body 12 with a gap therebetween. The glass sheet 14 has a flat shape arranged parallel to the laminated body 12. The glass sheet 14 is, for example, float glass. The glass sheet 14 is thinner than the laminated body 12. The glass sheet 14 is, for example, 3.0 mm.

[0022] The laminate 12 and the glass sheet 14 are supported by a window frame 20. The window frame 20 includes a sash 22, a glazing channel 24, and a spacer 26. The sash 22 has a rectangular frame surrounding the outer periphery of the glass unit 10. The sash 22 holds the laminate 12 and the glass sheet 14 via the glazing channel 24. The glazing channel 24 is disposed over the entire length of the sash 22 and holds the laminate 12 and the glass sheet 14. A spacer 26 is disposed between the laminate 12 and the glass sheet 14. The spacer 26 is disposed around the entire periphery of the laminate 12 and the glass sheet 14. The materials and shapes of the sash 22, the glazing channel 24, and the spacer 26 are not particularly limited. An insulating glass such as argon or air is sealed between the laminate 12 and the glass sheet 14 by the spacer 26. In a variant, instead of using the glazing channel 24, the laminate 12 and the glass panes 14 may be fixed to the sash 22 by other known methods, for example by means of a sealant.

[0023] (Second Example) 3, the laminated window unit 202 of this embodiment includes a laminate 214 instead of the glass sheet 14. The laminate 214 includes a core material, a pair of adhesive layers, and a pair of glass sheets, similar to the laminate 12. The laminated window unit 202 otherwise has the same configuration as the laminated window unit 2.

[0024] (Performance of laminated window unit 2, 202) Two types of laminates 12 were prepared to evaluate the performance of the multi-layer window units 2, 202. The laminates 12 were of two types: a laminate (hereinafter referred to as "first laminate 12A") having a core material 16 with a thickness of 3.0 mm and a glass plate 18 with a thickness of 0.5 mm, and a laminate (hereinafter referred to as "second laminate 12B") having a core material 16 with a thickness of 6.0 mm and a glass plate 18 with a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0025] (Weight performance) Regarding weight, a glass plate of float glass having a thickness of 7.5 mm (hereinafter referred to as "first comparative body") was compared with the weight per unit area of ​​the first laminated body 12A and the second laminated body 12B. Compared with the first comparative body, the first laminated body 12A was reduced by approximately 40%, and the second laminated body 12B was reduced by approximately 25%. The laminated window unit 2, 202 can be made lighter than when a laminated window unit is produced using the first comparative body without using the laminated body 12.

[0026] (Sound insulation performance) Regarding sound insulation performance, in this test, the sound transmission loss of the test specimen was measured. In this test, the test specimen was fixed using a wooden frame to an opening in a concrete wall that separates the first and second spaces, and the space between the wooden frame and the wall was filled with clay without leaving any gaps. Sound was output in the first space, and the sound transmission loss was calculated using the sound pressure input to microphones installed in both the first and second spaces. The sound transmission loss was calculated using a factor of 10log 10 The transmittance τ was calculated as (1 / τ). The transmittance τ is the energy projected onto the microphone installed in the first space (hereinafter referred to as the "incident sound energy"). The unit is W / m 2 ) is projected onto a microphone installed in the second space (hereafter referred to as "transmitted sound energy"; the unit is W / m 2 )

[0027] Six types of test specimens were prepared: glass units 10A, 10B, and second to fifth comparative specimens. The glass unit 10A is a glass unit having a first laminate 12A and a second laminate 12A. The glass unit 10B is a glass unit having a first laminate 12A and a glass plate 14 of float glass having a thickness of 3.0 mm. The second comparative specimen is a glass unit having two float glass plates having thicknesses of 7.5 mm and 3.0 mm. The third comparative specimen is a single core material 16 having a thickness of 4.0 mm. The fourth comparative specimen is a single first laminate 12A. The fifth comparative specimen is a single glass plate 14 of float glass having a thickness of 3.0 mm. All six types of test specimens are rectangular, measuring 595 mm x 595 mm.

[0028] In Fig. 4, the horizontal axis represents the 1 / 3 octave center frequency of the sound output in the first space, and the vertical axis represents the sound transmission loss. Results 102 and 104 represent the sound transmission losses of the glass units 10A and 10B, respectively. Results 150, 152, 154, and 156 represent the sound transmission losses of the second, third, fourth, and fifth comparative bodies, respectively.

[0029] Over the entire frequency range of 300 to 10,000 Hz, the glass units 10A and 10B have higher sound insulation performance than the third, fourth, and fifth comparative bodies, which are single bodies. In addition, for frequencies between 3,000 Hz and 6,000 Hz, which are frequencies to which people are easily sensitive, that is, which are easily recognized as noise, and for frequencies in the vicinity thereof, the glass units 10A and 10B having the first laminated body 12A have higher sound insulation performance than the second comparative body in which multiple pieces of glass are laminated. While a glass plate is likely to pass sounds around 3,000 Hz due to the influence of the resonant frequency, the first laminated body 12A was able to suppress the transmission of sounds around 3,000 Hz by the core material 16. In addition, in this experiment, the transmission of sound was further suppressed by arranging the first laminated body 12A on the first space side.

[0030] Even if the thickness of the glass plate 14 is 1.0 mm or less, and particularly 0.9 mm or less, it is possible to suppress the transmission of sounds in the frequency range of 3000 Hz to 4000 Hz, and even up to 6000 Hz, which are particularly audible to humans. By reducing the thickness of the glass plate 14, the thickness of the glass plates used in the laminate can be reduced, thereby preventing the multi-layer window unit 2, 202 from becoming heavy.

[0031] Comparing the results 102 and 104, the glass unit 10A is able to suppress sound transmission to a greater extent. In the multi-layer window unit 202, by arranging a plurality of laminates 12, 214, sound transmission can be further suppressed.

[0032] (Performance against flying object collisions) Regarding the flying object collision, a flying object collision test was conducted using a laminate (hereinafter referred to as "third laminate 12C") having a core material 16 with a thickness of 5.0 mm and a glass plate 18 with a thickness of 0.9 mm, and a first comparative body. In this test, a wooden impact body weighing 4.1 kg was collided with the third laminate 12C and the first comparative body, which were the test bodies, at a collision speed of 24.4 m / s. The test body was a rectangular flat plate of 1100±5 mm×900±5 mm. In this test, the test body was held at its outer peripheral edge. This test conforms to the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS R3109.

[0033] As a result of this test, although cracks occurred in the third laminate 12C after the impact of the impacting object, no openings occurred, and the impacting object did not penetrate the laminate, whereas an opening occurred in the first comparative laminate, and the impacting object penetrated the laminate.

[0034] In addition, a repeated pressure loading test was performed using the third laminate 12C. This test conforms to JIS R3109, as in the flying object collision test. In this test, the outer peripheral end of the third laminate 12C, which has the same dimensions as the test specimen for the flying object collision test, was airtightly fixed to the opening of the pressure box. The pressure change in the pressure box was repeated a predetermined number of times to increase the pressure to the positive pressure side and then to decrease the pressure to the negative pressure side and then to return the pressure change. Four different pressure differences were generated on both the positive pressure side and the negative pressure side. In this test, the third laminate 12C did not open. From the above results, the third laminate 12C corresponds to the highest level 4 safety performance of the four protection levels specified in JIS R3109, and is recommended for facilities with important national defense functions, buildings designated as evacuation shelters, etc.

[0035] The multi-layer window unit 2, 202 has the same performance in terms of airtightness and watertightness between the glass unit 10 and the window frame 20 as a glass unit having two glass panes of float glass.

[0036] In the multi-layer window unit 2, 202, by setting the thickness of the core material 16 in the range of 3.0 mm to 10 mm, particularly 3.0 mm to 6.0 mm, it is possible to maintain the performance of the laminate such as strength and prevent the weight of the laminate while suppressing sound transmission. Also, in the multi-layer window unit 2, 202, by setting the thickness of the laminate 12 in the range of 3.4 mm to 12 mm, particularly 4.0 mm to 8.0 mm, it is possible to maintain the performance of the laminate such as strength and prevent the weight of the laminate while suppressing sound transmission.

[0037] The laminated window units 2, 202 have high performance in terms of soundproofing, disaster prevention and safety, and are therefore suitable for use as windows in buildings where high requirements are placed on soundproofing, disaster prevention and safety, etc.

[0038] Although specific examples of the present invention have been described above in detail, these are merely examples and do not limit the scope of the claims. The technology described in the claims includes various modifications and variations of the specific examples exemplified above. The technical elements described in this specification or drawings exhibit technical utility alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the technology exemplified in this specification or drawings can achieve multiple objectives simultaneously, and achieving one of these objectives is itself technically useful. [Explanation of symbols]

[0039] 2: laminated window unit, 10: glass unit, 12: laminate, 14: glass sheet, 16: core material, 17: adhesive layer, 18: glass sheet, 20: window frame

Claims

1. A first laminate including a flat first core material and a pair of first glass plates bonded to both sides of the first core material via an adhesive layer; a flat plate body having translucency and facing the first laminate body with a gap therebetween; The first glass sheet has a thickness of 1.0 mm or less.

2. The multi-pane window unit as described in claim 1, wherein the flat body is a second laminate comprising a flat second core material and a pair of second glass plates adhered to each of both sides of the second core material via an adhesive layer.

3. 3. The multi-glazing window unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first core has a thickness of from 3.0 mm to 10 mm.

4. 3. The multi-glazing window unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first laminate has a thickness of from 3.4 mm to 12 mm.

5. 3. The insulating window unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first glass sheet has an arithmetic mean roughness of the surface of from 1 nm to 5 nm.

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