This invention discloses a bio-based hydrophobic monomer, a triple shape memory hydrogel, and their applications. The preparation method of the bio-based hydrophobic monomer includes the following steps: In an organic solvent, dehydrorosinyl chloride and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-2-acrylamide are mixed and reacted to obtain the bio-based hydrophobic monomer. This invention prepares a novel bio-based hydrophobic monomer and applies it to hydrogel preparation, obtaining a hydrogel with high strength and triple shape memory function, which can be used for rapid and visual detection of Fe in water. 3+ Concentration and fabrication of large strain sensors.