Obstacle-surmounting tractor for oil horizontal well and its application method

Abstract

The invention discloses a petroleum horizontal well obstacle-crossing tractor, which comprises a detection centralizer, a first traction mechanism, a second traction mechanism and a control mechanism,wherein the detection centralizer is used for detecting information such as the location and size of obstacles in the wellbore; the traction mechanisms are connected at a certain angle, each tractionmechanism is equipped with a driving wheel, the installation directions of the driving wheels respectively correspond to the located directions of corresponding centralizing wheels on the centralizer, and the control mechanism achieve a purpose of fast obstacle crossing through controlling the support and contraction of different driving wheels. The petroleum horizontal well obstacle-crossing tractor performs obstacle crossing in a crossing mode, and is rapid in obstacle crossing process and controllable in obstacle crossing action, thereby being an obstacle-crossing tractor specially appliedto petroleum horizontal wells with varying pipe diameter and many downhole obstacles.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of petroleum engineering, in particular to an obstacle-crossing tractor for petroleum horizontal wells capable of transporting downhole tools in horizontal wells. Background technique [0002] Horizontal well tractor is a petroleum instrument used to transport downhole operation tools in highly deviated wells and horizontal wells. [0003] The tractors currently used in the petroleum field in China are mainly wheeled tractors for horizontal wells. The wheeled tractor moves quickly and operates in a simple and direct manner, and is generally used in horizontal wells with casing and screen completions. Although the inner wall of the casing is relatively smooth, once it faces a large downhole obstacle (steps, casing joints, casing depressions, etc.), the wheeled tractor is easily blocked, resulting in traction failure. [0004] There are following problems in the horizontal well wheel type tractor at present stage: one...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although the inner wall of the casing is relatively smooth, once faced with large downhole obstacles (steps, casing joints, casing depressions, etc.), the wheeled tractor is easily blocked, resulting in traction failure

[0004] The current horizontal well wheeled tractors have the following problems: 1. They don’t know anything about downhole obstacles during construction

When there is an obstacle in the casing, the construction unit cannot judge the type and size of the obstacle, and the tractor can only continuously increase its driving force when surmounting the obstacle. There is a certain risk, and the obstacle surmounting process is relatively blind

2. When the wheeled tractor overcomes obstacles, it generally relies on the mechanical structure to overcome obstacles, such as the contraction of the push spring, the parallelogram supporting the driving mechanism, etc. The obstacle surmounting action of the tractor cannot be controlled and adjusted. Once this method fails, the tractor will work will be greatly affected

[0005] The above problems restrict the field application of horizontal well tractors and hinder the development of horizontal well tractors

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