A large truck exhaust treatment system

Abstract

The present invention provides a large truck exhaust gas treatment system, comprising a urea tank, a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid spray pipeline, wherein the urea tank is used to store urea solution; the liquid inlet pipeline is connected to the urea tank and used to feed liquid, a liquid inlet nozzle is provided at the end of the liquid inlet pipeline, and a ventilation pipeline is provided between the liquid inlet nozzle and the urea tank; the liquid spray pipeline is connected to the urea tank through a urea pump, a nozzle is provided at the end of the liquid spray pipeline, and the urea pump is provided with a liquid return pipeline connected to the urea tank and used to evacuate the urea solution in the liquid spray pipeline. The large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention has a compact structure, high exhaust gas treatment efficiency, good effect, and is stable and reliable in use and has a long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device, in particular to an exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks. Background Art

[0002] As my country's economy shifts toward resource-saving and environmentally friendly models, environmental protection has been elevated to an unprecedented level. Regulations on controlling automobile (especially diesel engine) exhaust emissions are becoming increasingly stringent. In order to make automobile exhaust emissions meet the National IV (Euro IV) emission standards, major domestic diesel engine companies and vehicle manufacturers currently use selective catalytic reduction systems, or SCR systems, to control nitrogen oxide emissions from diesel engines. This SCR system requires urea solution to be extracted from the urea tank to treat nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.

[0003] Trucks, especially large trucks, have large displacement and large exhaust emissions. Therefore, the demand and injection volume of urea are also large so that it can fully react with the exhaust gas and achieve exhaust gas treatment. The urea in the pipeline of the existing exhaust gas treatment device is prone to crystallization, which can easily cause the pipeline and nozzle to be blocked, thereby affecting the normal operation of the exhaust gas treatment and even damaging the exhaust gas treatment device, causing environmental pollution. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large truck exhaust gas treatment system which has large injection volume, fast filling and can quickly clean pipelines and nozzles.

[0005] The present invention provides a large truck exhaust gas treatment system, which comprises:

[0006] Urea tank 1, used for storing urea solution;

[0007] A liquid inlet pipeline 101 is connected to the urea tank 1 and is used for inletting liquid. A liquid inlet nozzle 2 is provided at the end of the liquid inlet pipeline 101. A ventilation pipeline 102 is provided between the liquid inlet nozzle 2 and the urea tank 1.

[0008] The liquid spraying pipeline 105 is connected to the urea tank 1 through the urea pump 11. A nozzle 14 is provided at the end of the liquid spraying pipeline. The urea pump 11 is provided with a liquid return pipeline 104 connected to the urea tank 1 and used to evacuate the urea solution in the liquid spraying pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid spray pipeline includes a main liquid spray pipeline 105a and an auxiliary liquid spray pipeline 105b connected in parallel.

[0010] Furthermore, the liquid inlet nozzle 2 includes a liquid inlet nozzle body 21, and a first chamber and a second chamber are formed in the liquid inlet nozzle body 21. The top of the first chamber is provided with a liquid inlet port 210, and the end of the liquid inlet port 210 extends downward into the first chamber and forms a liquid inlet pipe. The upper ends of the first chamber and the second chamber are connected through the hole body 200, and the lower end of the first chamber is provided with a first interface 211 connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, and the lower end of the second chamber is provided with a second interface 221 connected to the ventilation pipeline 102.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer wall of the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of annular sheets 24 along its axial direction, the sheets 24 are perpendicular to the axis of the liquid inlet pipe, and a gap is provided between the edge of the sheets 24 and the inner wall of the first chamber, the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a hole, the hole is located between two adjacent sheets 24, and there is a gap between the lower end of the liquid inlet pipe and the lower end of the first chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a cleaning device for cleaning the liquid spray pipeline and the nozzle, the cleaning device includes a first cleaning mechanism, the first cleaning mechanism includes a water tank 13, the water tank 13 is provided with a cleaning pipeline 106 with a water pump 131, and the cleaning pipeline is connected to the front end of the liquid spray pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the cleaning device also includes a second cleaning mechanism, which includes an air pump 12 , and an air outlet end of the air pump is connected to the front end of the liquid spray pipeline through an air flushing pipeline 107 .

[0014] Furthermore, the outlet ends of the cleaning pipeline 106 and the air flushing pipeline 107 are inclined toward the liquid spraying pipeline.

[0015] Furthermore, the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism are alternately connected to the liquid spray pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism are alternately connected to the liquid spray pipeline through an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve.

[0017] Furthermore, the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve comprises a shell 3 and at least two valve bodies 4 uniformly distributed on the side wall of the shell 3 in the circumferential direction, the valve bodies 4 are respectively connected to the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism, a working chamber is formed in the shell 3, a valve core 43 is slidably arranged in the valve body 4, the sliding direction of the valve core 43 is perpendicular to and intersects the axis of the working chamber, the end of the valve core 43 extends into the working chamber and forms a toggle portion 433, an elastic component is arranged in the valve body 4 to make the valve core 43 have an inward movement tendency; a drive shaft and a lock disk 7 are rotatably installed in the working chamber, The driving shaft is coaxially arranged with the locking disk 7 and can realize relative rotation. The side wall of the locking disk 7 is a circular supporting surface and can contact the toggle part 433 to put the valve body in a closed state. A slot 71 is provided on the supporting surface to accommodate the insertion of the toggle part and put it in an open state. A toggle rod 8 is fixed on the driving shaft, and the end of the toggle rod 8 is provided with an inclined guide surface 8a that can contact the toggle part and push the toggle part out of the slot. A torsion spring 6 is provided between the driving shaft and the locking disk, and the torsion spring makes the locking disk have a tendency to rotate in the forward direction of the toggle rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the number of the valve bodies is four and they are respectively connected to the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism in an alternating manner, and the number of the card slots and the number of the levers are two and they are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the cross section of the locking slot 71 is triangular, and includes a stop surface 71 a , the stop surface faces the forward direction of the lever, and the rotation axis of the lock disk is located in the plane where the stop surface is located.

[0020] Furthermore, the drive shaft includes a main shaft 51, a support seat 52 and a pressure block which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top and connected by bolts. The head of the main shaft is provided with a cylindrical mounting portion 512. The diameter of the mounting portion is larger than the diameter of the main shaft and a shoulder is generated between the two. The end surface of the mounting portion 512 is provided with a torsion spring mounting groove 5120 and a mounting hole 5121. There are two mounting holes and they are arranged on both sides of the torsion spring mounting groove. The support seat is fitted on the top surface of the mounting portion. The top surface of the support seat is provided with a cylindrical boss and forms a shaft body 522 for mounting a lock disk. The pressure block is fitted on the top surface of the shaft body 522 and is used to axially limit the lock block. The lever is installed on the side wall of the pressure block.

[0021] Furthermore, the mounting hole is a screw hole, and the open end of the screw hole is provided with a recessed hole to form a first positioning hole, the support seat 52 is provided with a first through hole coaxial with the mounting hole, the edge of the first through hole extends downward and forms a first positioning boss 523 that can be inserted into the first positioning hole to achieve positioning, the upper open end of the first through hole is provided with a recessed hole to form a second positioning hole, the pressing block is provided with a second through hole coaxial with the first through hole, the edge of the second through hole extends downward and forms a second positioning boss 82 that can be inserted into the second positioning hole to achieve positioning, and the bolt passes through the second through hole and the first through hole once and is threadedly connected to the mounting hole.

[0022] Furthermore, the pressing block and the shifting rod are integrally formed.

[0023] Furthermore, a circular recessed hole is provided at the center of the lower surface of the lock plate to form a torsion spring installation area 720. A center hole 70 runs through the center of the torsion spring installation area 720. A mounting column 73 for connecting to the torsion spring is provided on the bottom surface of the torsion spring installation area.

[0024] Furthermore, the lock disk is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft via a guide sleeve, the guide sleeve is made of copper, and recessed holes are provided on the inner wall and the outer wall of the guide sleeve, and the recessed holes are filled with graphite.

[0025] Furthermore, a chamber with an open upper end and a circular cross-section is formed on the shell, an axial hole for accommodating the driving shaft to pass through is opened at the center of the bottom surface of the chamber, a cover body 53 is fixed to the top surface of the chamber by bolts to form a working chamber, and the outer wall of the shell is circumferentially evenly provided with stepped holes, the axis of the stepped holes is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the working chamber, the inner wall of the large hole of the stepped hole is provided with a thread and is used to install the valve body, and a step surface is provided in the stepped hole to form an axial limiting surface for axially limiting the valve body.

[0026] Furthermore, the valve body is cylindrical, and the head of the valve body is provided with an external thread for connecting to the threaded hole on the shell, the side wall of the valve body is provided with a first tightening portion 412 with a regular polygonal cross-section, a valve cavity is formed in the valve body, the valve core is slidably fitted in the valve cavity, the toggle portion at the end of the valve core is a regular polygon, and the end of the valve body is provided with a hole 410a with the same cross-sectional shape as the toggle portion and capable of accommodating the toggle portion to pass through, a second elastic component 44 is provided in the valve body to make the toggle portion have a tendency to move outward, and the side wall of the valve body is provided with an inlet and an outlet connected to the valve cavity.

[0027] Furthermore, a limiting groove 411 is provided on the side wall of the head of the valve body, and a limiting screw 45 is provided on the side wall of the stepped hole for contacting with the limiting groove and realizing radial limiting.

[0028] Furthermore, the valve body includes a first valve body 41 and a second valve body 42 arranged coaxially, the front end of the side wall of the first valve body 41 is provided with an external thread for connecting to the shell, the rear end of the side wall of the first valve body is provided with a first tightening portion 412 with a regular polygonal cross-section, the rear end face of the first valve body 41 is provided with a second valve body mounting hole, the end of the second mounting hole is provided with a hole body for accommodating the driving portion of the valve core to pass through; the second valve body is connected to the second valve body mounting hole by threads, and the second valve body is provided with a valve cavity with an open end for mounting the valve core.

[0029] Furthermore, a feeler rod 48 is provided at the end of the valve core, and a sensor or contact switch 45 that can be triggered by the feeler rod and realize state detection is provided at the end of the valve body.

[0030] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: the large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention optimizes the structure of the liquid inlet nozzle and is equipped with a ventilation pipeline to avoid overflow due to the internal pressure during liquid replenishment, greatly improves the urea filling efficiency, and reduces the liquid replenishment time; adopts a double liquid spray pipeline to achieve large displacement or alternate liquid spraying, improves the exhaust gas treatment efficiency and effect, and at the same time improves the working stability and reliability of use; a cleaning device is provided to clean the liquid spray pipeline and the nozzle to avoid crystallization caused by residue on the inner wall, improve the patency of the pipeline, and avoid clogging of the pipeline and the nozzle to affect the treatment effect; water and air are used for alternating cleaning, which can greatly improve the cleaning effect, and at the same time reduce the water consumption, avoid waste, and reduce the volume of the water tank and the overall weight; the valve body is redesigned to control multiple pipelines at the same time, with good synchronization, safe and reliable use, and the rate can be switched according to different working conditions, and the switching is convenient; the large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention has a compact structure, high exhaust gas treatment efficiency, good effect, stable and reliable use, and long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the framework of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the cleaning device and the injection pipeline of the large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid inlet nozzle of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a liquid inlet nozzle of a large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of another angle of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 Another cross-sectional view of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lock plate assembly of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system of a large truck of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lock plate assembly of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of the lock plate assembly of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.13 A cross-sectional view of a lock plate assembly of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the lock plate assembly of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of a support seat of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lock plate of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.18 It is a partial enlarged view of the slot of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of a lever of an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of a large truck exhaust gas treatment system of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 20 It is a structural schematic diagram of a valve body of a large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.21 A cross-sectional view of a valve body of a large truck exhaust treatment system according to the present invention;

[0052] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the valve body of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.23 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first valve body of a large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.24 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve core of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.25 It is a schematic diagram of a first state of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the second state of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 27 It is a schematic diagram of the third state of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.28 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth state of the adjustable speed-changing reversing valve of the large truck exhaust treatment system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] See also Figure 1-Figure 28 The present invention provides a large truck exhaust gas treatment system, which includes a urea tank 1, a liquid inlet pipeline 101 and a liquid spraying pipeline 105, wherein the urea tank 1 is a box structure as a whole, which is used to store urea solution, and the liquid inlet pipeline 101 is connected to the urea tank 1, which is used to inlet liquid, that is, the urea solution can be transported into the urea tank 1 through the liquid inlet pipeline, and a liquid inlet nozzle 2 is provided at the end of the liquid inlet pipeline 101, which is used to dock with an input container, such as a liquid adding gun (similar to an oil gun), etc., and a ventilation pipeline 102 is provided between the liquid inlet nozzle 2 and the urea tank 1, which is used to assist in exhausting the air in the urea tank 1 when adding liquid, so as to improve the liquid adding efficiency and avoid the generation of internal pressure to affect the liquid adding.

[0061] See also Figure 3-Figure 4The liquid inlet nozzle 2 includes a liquid inlet nozzle body 21, in which a first chamber and a second chamber are formed, the first chamber and the second chamber are arranged on the left and right, a liquid inlet port 210 is arranged at the top of the first chamber, and the lower end of the liquid inlet port 210 extends downward into the first chamber to form a liquid inlet pipe, and a strip protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe, the length direction of the strip protrusion is parallel to the axis of the liquid inlet pipe, and the strip protrusion is at least three and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and an annular sheet body 24 is arranged on the outer wall of the liquid inlet pipe, and the sheet body 24 is multiple and arranged in sequence along the axial direction thereof, the number is 2-4, the above-mentioned sheet body 24 is perpendicular to the axis of the liquid inlet pipe, and on the sheet body 2 A gap is provided between the edge of 4 and the inner wall of the first chamber, and at the same time, a hole is opened in the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe, which is located between two adjacent sheets 24, and there is a gap between the lower end of the liquid inlet pipe and the lower end of the first chamber; at the same time, the upper ends of the first chamber and the second chamber are connected through the hole body 200, and a first interface 211 for communicating with the liquid inlet pipeline is provided at the lower end of the first chamber, and a second interface 221 for communicating with the ventilation pipeline 102 is provided at the lower end of the second chamber; through the liquid inlet nozzle of the above structure, the urea solution can be quickly added, the influence of the internal air pressure can be avoided, the air can be effectively discharged, and the large displacement and high efficiency filling of urea can be achieved.

[0062] The liquid spraying pipeline 105 is connected to the urea tank 1 through the urea pump 11. A nozzle 14 is provided at the end of the liquid spraying pipeline, which is used to spray urea solution, and then react with harmful gases in the exhaust pipeline to form harmless gas discharge. The urea pump 11 is provided with a liquid return pipeline 104, which is connected to the urea tank 1 and is used to evacuate the urea solution in the liquid spraying pipeline and recycle it into the urea tank to avoid crystallization of the urea solution in the liquid spraying pipeline and cause pipeline blockage; the urea pump has three interfaces, namely an input interface, an output interface and an evacuation interface. The input interface is connected to the liquid outlet of the urea tank, the output interface is connected to the liquid spraying pipeline, and the vacuum interface is connected to the liquid return end of the urea tank, which is located above the liquid surface of the urea solution in the urea tank. The urea pump can realize bidirectional transportation. During forward transportation, the input interface and the output interface can be connected, and the transportation direction is from the input interface to the output interface, that is, the solution in the urea tank is output to the liquid spraying pipeline. During reverse transportation, the output interface and the vacuum interface can be connected, and the transportation direction is from the output interface to the vacuum interface, that is, the solution in the liquid spraying pipeline is transported to the liquid return pipeline and returned to the urea tank.

[0063] In this embodiment, the liquid spray pipeline includes a main liquid spray pipeline 105a and an auxiliary liquid spray pipeline 105b connected in parallel. The main liquid spray pipeline 105a and the auxiliary liquid spray pipeline 105b can work simultaneously or alternately, or the auxiliary liquid spray pipeline can be used as a backup pipeline, especially during long-distance transportation, to ensure its stable and reliable operation.

[0064] The present application also includes a cleaning device, which is used to clean the liquid spraying pipeline and the nozzle to prevent the solution residue on the inner wall from forming crystals and forming blockages over time, especially for the nozzle. The cleaning device includes a first cleaning mechanism, which includes a water tank 13, and a cleaning pipeline 106 with a water pump 131 is provided on the water tank 13. The cleaning pipeline is connected to the front end of the liquid spraying pipeline and is used to clean the liquid spraying pipeline with water after the liquid spraying pipeline is evacuated. In order to improve the cleaning effect and reduce the water consumption at the same time, the cleaning device also includes a second cleaning mechanism, which includes an air pump 12, and a filter is provided at the air inlet end of the air pump. The air outlet end of the air pump is connected to the front end of the liquid spraying pipeline through the flushing pipeline 107. In order to prevent the liquid or gas in the pipeline from colliding with the pipeline and generating vibration and noise, in this embodiment, the outlet ends of the cleaning pipeline 106 and the flushing pipeline 107 are inclined to the liquid spraying pipeline, see Figure 2 A connecting valve is provided at the front end (inlet end) of the liquid spraying pipeline, and the two cleaning mechanisms of the cleaning device are connected to the liquid spraying pipeline through the connecting valve. The connecting valve includes a main connecting pipe 161, and a first auxiliary connecting pipe 162 and a second auxiliary connecting pipe 163 are provided on both sides of the main connecting pipe. The first auxiliary connecting pipe and the second auxiliary connecting pipe are both inclined, and the inclination direction is the same. The angle between the first auxiliary connecting pipe (or the second auxiliary connecting pipe) and the main connecting pipe is 20°-45°, wherein the first auxiliary connecting pipe is connected to the first cleaning mechanism (water cleaning), and the second auxiliary connecting pipe is connected to the second cleaning mechanism (air flushing). At the same time, the second auxiliary connecting pipe is located at the rear end (outlet direction) of the first auxiliary connecting pipe. Through the connecting valve, during cleaning, water or air can enter the liquid spraying pipeline in an inclined manner to avoid impact with the inner wall of the liquid spraying pipeline at the moment of entry, thereby greatly reducing vibration and working noise, improving cleaning effect and efficiency, and working stably.

[0065] In order to further improve the flushing effect, reduce water consumption and avoid waste of water resources, in the present application, the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism are alternately connected to the spray pipeline, that is, the water in the first cleaning mechanism and the air in the second cleaning mechanism alternately enter the spray pipeline and clean it. In the present application, the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism are alternately connected to the spray pipeline through an adjustable speed reversing valve.

[0066] See also Figure 5-Figure 28The adjustable speed-changing reversing valve comprises a shell 3 and a valve body 4. The valve body is at least two and is evenly distributed on the side wall of the shell 3 in the circumferential direction. The valve body 4 is connected to the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism respectively. A working chamber is formed in the shell 3. A valve core 43 is slidably arranged in the valve body 4. The sliding direction of the valve core 43 is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the working chamber, and the end of the valve core 43 extends inwardly into the working chamber to form a toggle portion 433. An elastic component is arranged in the valve body 4. The elastic component makes the valve core 43 have an inward movement tendency.

[0067] A driving shaft and a locking disk 7 are rotatably installed in the working chamber. The driving shaft and the locking disk 7 are coaxially arranged and can realize relative rotation. Specifically, the driving shaft is rotatably installed on the housing 3, and its end is connected to a driving motor. A reducer is provided at the output end of the driving motor. The locking disk is circular as a whole and is rotatably installed on the driving shaft. Therefore, the two can realize relative rotation. The side wall of the locking disk 7 is a circular supporting surface, which can contact with the toggle part 433 and support the valve core to put the valve body in a closed state. A slot 71 is provided on the supporting surface. The slot 71 can accommodate the toggle part to be inserted so that the valve core moves inward and the valve body is in an open state. The cross-section of the slot 71 is triangular, which includes a stop surface 71a and a connecting surface 71b, wherein the stop surface faces the forward direction of the toggle rod, and the rotation of the locking disk The axis is located in the plane where the stop surface is located, and the connecting surface is inclined to the stop surface, forming a triangular structure, which is convenient for inserting the toggle part. The cross-section of the toggle part is the same as the cross-section of the slot, which is also a triangle. A toggle rod 8 is fixed on the driving shaft, and an inclined guide surface 8a is provided at the end of the toggle rod 8. The inclined guide surface is inclined to the forward direction of the toggle rod and can contact the toggle part to push the toggle part to move radially outward, thereby disengaging it from the slot to achieve the switching of the valve body state, and at the same time disengaging it from the slot to achieve clutch, so that the lock disk has the freedom of rotation. A torsion spring 6 is provided between the driving shaft and the lock disk. The torsion spring makes the lock disk have a movement tendency to rotate in the forward direction of the toggle rod, thereby enabling the lock disk to rotate forward (in the forward direction of the toggle rod) and enable the toggle part on the next valve body to be engaged, and so on.

[0068] In this embodiment, there are four valve bodies, which are connected to the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism in an alternating manner, that is, the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism are linked to the valve bodies in an intermittent manner. Two of the four valve bodies are connected to the main liquid spray pipeline, and the other two valve bodies are connected to the auxiliary liquid spray pipeline. There are two card slots and two levers, which are evenly distributed circumferentially. When in use, the pipes are connected according to different working conditions.

[0069] See also Figure 11-Figure 16The driving shaft comprises a main shaft 51, a support seat 52 and a pressure block. The main shaft 51, the support seat 52 and the pressure block are arranged in sequence from bottom to top and are connected by bolts. A mounting portion 512 is provided at the head (upper end) of the main shaft. The mounting portion 512 is cylindrical, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the main shaft. Therefore, a shaft shoulder is generated between the two for mounting a bearing with the housing. A torsion spring mounting groove 5120 and a mounting hole 5121 are provided on the end surface of the mounting portion 512. The torsion spring mounting groove 5120 is a strip groove, and both ends of the strip groove pass through the outside of the mounting portion. There are two mounting holes, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the torsion spring mounting groove. The support seat is fitted on the top surface of the mounting portion. A cylindrical boss is provided on the top surface of the support seat, which forms a shaft body 522 for mounting a lock disk. The pressure block is fitted on the top surface of the shaft body 522, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the shaft body. It is used to axially limit the lock disk and realize the rotational installation of the lock disk on the driving shaft. The rod is installed on the side wall of the pressure block. In the present application, the pressure block and the shift rod are integrally formed; the mounting hole 5121 on the mounting portion is a screw hole, and a concave hole is provided at the open end of the screw hole to form a first positioning hole, which is coaxial with the screw hole. A first through hole coaxial with the mounting hole is provided on the support seat 52, and the edge of the first through hole extends downward to form a first positioning boss 523. The first positioning boss 523 can be inserted into the first positioning hole to achieve radial positioning and withstand torque. A concave hole is provided at the upper open end of the first through hole to form a second positioning hole, which is coaxial with the first through hole. A second through hole coaxial with the first through hole is provided on the pressure block, and the edge of the second through hole extends downward to form a second positioning boss 82. The second positioning boss 82 can be inserted into the second positioning hole, thereby achieving radial positioning and withstand torque. The bolt passes through the second through hole and the first through hole in turn and is threadedly connected with the mounting hole to achieve fixation of the drive shaft.

[0070] See also Figure 12-13 ,and Fig.17 The lock disk is disc-shaped as a whole, and a circular recessed hole is opened in the center of the lower surface of the lock disk, and a torsion spring installation area 720 is formed to install the torsion spring 6. A center hole 70 runs through the center of the torsion spring installation area 720, which can be sleeved on the shaft body 522 on the drive shaft to achieve a rotational connection. A mounting column 73 is provided on the bottom surface of the torsion spring installation area. The mounting column is cylindrical, and its length direction is parallel to the axis of the center hole, which is used to connect with the torsion spring; specifically, the lock disk is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft through a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is made of copper. A number of recessed holes are opened on the inner wall and the outer wall of the guide sleeve, and graphite is filled in the recessed holes, which can achieve self-lubrication.

[0071] See also Figure 7-Figure 9A chamber is formed on the shell, the cross section of the chamber is circular, and the upper end is open (open), and an axial hole is opened at the center of the bottom surface of the chamber, which is used to allow the drive shaft to pass through. A cover body 53 is fixed to the top surface of the chamber by bolts, so that the chamber forms a sealed working chamber, and stepped holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the outer wall of the shell, and the axis of the stepped hole is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the working chamber. A thread is provided on the inner wall of the large hole of the stepped hole to form a screw hole for installing the valve body, and a step surface is provided in the stepped hole to form an axial limit surface for axially limiting the valve body.

[0072] See also Figure 20-24 The valve body is cylindrical, and the head of the valve body is provided with an external thread for connecting with the threaded hole on the shell. A first tightening portion 412 is provided on the side wall of the valve body. The cross section of the first tightening portion 412 is a regular polygon for tightening the valve body. A valve cavity is formed in the valve body, and the valve core is slidably fitted in the valve cavity, and the toggle portion at the end of the valve core is a regular polygon. At the same time, a hole body 410a with the same cross-sectional shape as the toggle portion is opened at the end of the valve body. The hole body 410a can allow the toggle portion to pass axially, and at the same time can achieve radial limitation on the toggle portion to prevent its radial rotation. A second elastic component 44 is provided in the valve body. The second elastic component 44 makes the toggle portion have an outward movement tendency so that it contacts the working surface of the lock disk. When it is rotated to the slot position, it enters the slot under the action of elastic force to achieve state switching. An inlet and an outlet connected to the valve cavity are provided on the side wall of the valve body, and the inlet and the outlet are respectively connected to the pipeline (inlet and outlet ends) of the cleaning mechanism.

[0073] In order to ensure the radial accuracy of the valve body and make the toggle part correspond to the slot of the lock disk, a limiting groove 411 is provided on the side wall of the head of the valve body. At the same time, a limiting screw 45 is provided on the side wall of the stepped hole (shell). The limiting screw 45 can contact the limiting groove to achieve radial limitation of the valve body.

[0074] Specifically, the valve body includes a first valve body 41 and a second valve body 42. The first valve body 41 and the second valve body 42 are cylindrical structures and are coaxially arranged. An external thread is provided at the front end of the side wall of the first valve body 41, which is used to connect with the screw hole on the shell. A first tightening portion 412 is provided at the rear end of the side wall of the first valve body. A second valve body mounting hole is provided at the rear end face of the first valve body 41, which is a screw hole. A hole body 410a is provided at the end of the second mounting hole, which has the same cross-sectional shape as the toggle portion, which is rectangular, for accommodating the toggle portion of the valve core to pass through; the second valve body is connected to the second valve body mounting hole by threads, and a valve cavity is provided in the second valve body, the front end of the valve cavity is open, and a second elastic component 44 is provided between the end of the second valve body and the end of the second valve body mounting hole.

[0075] See also Fig.24The valve core includes a valve core body, on which two annular grooves 430 are provided, and a chamber is formed between the valve core body and the inner wall of the valve cavity. Sealing ring mounting grooves 431 for mounting a sealing ring are provided at both ends of the annular grooves, and an annular protrusion 432 is provided at the end of the valve core body. The annular protrusion is used to support a spring, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the valve core body. An axis body with a rectangular cross-section is provided at the end of the annular protrusion to form a toggle portion 433, and an inclined surface 433a is provided at the end of the toggle portion, corresponding to the card groove of the lock disk, and a rounded corner is provided at the end of the toggle portion; a touch rod 48 is provided at the tail of the valve core body, and the touch rod is a cylindrical protrusion. At the same time, a sensor or contact switch 45 is provided at the end of the valve body, which can be triggered by the touch rod, thereby realizing the state detection of the valve core.

[0076] The following is a brief description of the working principle of the adjustable speed change reversing valve:

[0077] See also Figure 25-28 , the driving motor drives the driving shaft to rotate clockwise, and then drives the lever to rotate synchronously with the driving shaft in the clockwise direction. At this time, a toggle part on a valve body is stuck in a groove on the side wall of the lock disk. Therefore, the lock disk cannot rotate. As the driving shaft (the toggle lever) rotates, the torsion force of the torsion spring increases, that is, the lock disk has a clockwise movement trend. When the lever rotates to the toggle part located in the groove, the inclined guide surface at the end of the lever contacts the toggle part, and in the process of moving forward, pushes the toggle part to move outward until the toggle part is removed from the groove. When the lock plate is fully ejected, the lock plate loses the restriction of the toggle part and rotates clockwise under the action of the torsion spring. When the slot rotates to move down the valve body, the toggle part on the valve body is stuck in the slot under the action of its own spring and restricts the slot from continuing to rotate. At this time, the state of the valve body changes. In this embodiment, when the toggle part contacts the edge of the lock plate, it is in the closed state, and when the toggle part is stuck in the slot, it is in the open state. The adjustable speed-changing reversing valve can realize the switching speed of the valve body according to the rotation speed of the motor, and it can realize switching at any speed.

[0078] Through the rapid switching of the reversing valve, water and air can be used to clean the liquid spray pipeline alternately, with good cleaning effect. The residual urea on the pipe wall and the nozzle can be effectively removed to avoid crystallization. At the same time, the water usage is greatly reduced to avoid waste of water resources.

[0079] The exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention optimizes the structure of the liquid inlet nozzle and is equipped with a ventilation pipeline to avoid overflow due to the influence of internal pressure during liquid replenishment, greatly improves the urea filling efficiency, and reduces the liquid replenishment time; adopts a double liquid spray pipeline to achieve large displacement or alternate liquid spraying, improves the exhaust gas treatment efficiency and effect, and at the same time improves the working stability and reliability of use; a cleaning device is provided to clean the liquid spray pipeline and the nozzle to avoid crystallization caused by residue on the inner wall, improve the patency of the pipeline, and avoid clogging of the pipeline and the nozzle to affect the treatment effect; water and air are used for alternating cleaning, which can greatly improve the cleaning effect, and at the same time reduce the water consumption, avoid waste, and reduce the volume of the water tank and the overall weight; the valve body is redesigned to control multiple pipelines at the same time, with good synchronization, safe and reliable use, and the rate can be switched according to different working conditions, and the switching is convenient; the exhaust gas treatment system for large trucks of the present invention has a compact structure, high exhaust gas treatment efficiency, good effect, stable and reliable use, and long service life.

[0080] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large truck exhaust gas treatment system, characterized in that: include: Urea tank, used to store urea solution; A liquid inlet pipeline, connected to the urea tank and used for inletting liquid, a liquid inlet nozzle is provided at the end of the liquid inlet pipeline, and a ventilation pipeline is provided between the liquid inlet nozzle and the urea tank; A liquid spray pipeline is connected to the urea tank via a urea pump, a nozzle is provided at the end of the liquid spray pipeline, and the urea pump is provided with a liquid return pipeline connected to the urea tank and used to evacuate the urea solution in the liquid spray pipeline; It also includes a cleaning device for cleaning the liquid spraying pipeline and the nozzle, the cleaning device includes a first cleaning mechanism, the first cleaning mechanism includes a water tank, the water tank is provided with a cleaning pipeline with a water pump, and the cleaning pipeline is connected to the front end of the liquid spraying pipeline; The cleaning device further comprises a second cleaning mechanism, the second cleaning mechanism comprises an air pump, and the air outlet end of the air pump is connected to the front end of the liquid spraying pipeline through an air flushing pipeline; The first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism are connected to the liquid spray pipeline in an alternating manner through an adjustable speed-changing reversing valve; The adjustable speed-changing reversing valve comprises a housing and at least two valve bodies circumferentially evenly distributed on the side wall of the housing, the valve bodies being connected to the first cleaning mechanism and the second cleaning mechanism respectively, a working chamber being formed in the housing, a valve core being slidably arranged in the valve body, the sliding direction of the valve core being perpendicular to and intersecting the axis of the working chamber, an end of the valve core extending into the working chamber and forming a toggle portion, an elastic component being arranged in the valve body so that the valve core has an inward movement tendency; a drive shaft and a lock disk being rotatably installed in the working chamber, the drive shaft being rotatably arranged with the lock disk, and the lock disk being rotatably arranged with the drive shaft. The lock disk is coaxially arranged and can achieve relative rotation. The side wall of the lock disk is a circular supporting surface and can contact the toggle part and put the valve body in a closed state. A slot is provided on the supporting surface to accommodate the insertion of the toggle part and put it in an open state. A toggle rod is fixed on the driving shaft, and an inclined guide surface is provided on the end of the toggle rod, which can contact the toggle part and push the toggle part out of the slot. A torsion spring is provided between the driving shaft and the lock disk, and the torsion spring makes the lock disk have a tendency to rotate in the forward direction of the toggle rod.

2. The large truck exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid spray pipeline comprises a main liquid spray pipeline and an auxiliary liquid spray pipeline connected in parallel.

3. The large truck exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid inlet nozzle includes a liquid inlet nozzle body, a first chamber and a second chamber are formed in the liquid inlet nozzle body, a liquid inlet port is provided at the top of the first chamber, an end of the liquid inlet port extends downward into the first chamber and forms a liquid inlet pipe, the upper ends of the first chamber and the second chamber are connected through a hole body, the lower end of the first chamber is provided with a first interface connected to the liquid inlet pipeline, and the lower end of the second chamber is provided with a second interface connected to the ventilation pipeline.

4. The large truck exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of annular sheets along its axial direction, the sheets are perpendicular to the axis of the liquid inlet pipe, and a gap is provided between the edge of the sheets and the inner wall of the first chamber, a hole is provided on the side wall of the liquid inlet pipe, the hole is located between two adjacent sheets, and there is a gap between the lower end of the liquid inlet pipe and the lower end of the first chamber.

5. The large truck exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving shaft includes a main shaft, a support seat and a pressure block which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top and connected by bolts. The head of the main shaft is provided with a cylindrical mounting portion. The diameter of the mounting portion is larger than the diameter of the main shaft and a shoulder is generated between the two. The end surface of the mounting portion is provided with a torsion spring mounting groove and a mounting hole. There are two mounting holes and they are arranged on both sides of the torsion spring mounting groove. The support seat is fitted on the top surface of the mounting portion. The top surface of the support seat is provided with a cylindrical boss and forms a shaft body for installing a lock disk. The pressure block is fitted on the top surface of the shaft body and is used to axially limit the lock disk. The shift rod is installed on the side wall of the pressure block.

6. The large truck exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting hole is a screw hole, and the open end of the screw hole is provided with a recessed hole to form a first positioning hole. The support seat is provided with a first through hole coaxial with the mounting hole, and the edge of the first through hole extends downward to form a first positioning boss that can be inserted into the first positioning hole to achieve positioning. The upper open end of the first through hole is provided with a recessed hole to form a second positioning hole. The pressure block is provided with a second through hole coaxial with the first through hole, and the edge of the second through hole extends downward to form a second positioning boss that can be inserted into the second positioning hole to achieve positioning. The bolt passes through the second through hole and the first through hole once and then is threadedly connected to the mounting hole.

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