Inflatable tracheal catheter guided by visual fiber bronchoscope and intubation method of inflatable tracheal catheter

Abstract

The inflatable tracheal catheter comprises a tracheal catheter body, an air bag and a deformation steel frame, the tracheal catheter body can be connected with the external visual fiber bronchoscope in an inserted mode, and a connecting part is arranged at one end of the tracheal catheter body and used for being communicated with a breathing machine; the air bag is arranged on the outer wall of the end, away from the connecting part, of the tracheal catheter body, an inflation and deflation assembly for inflating and deflating the air bag is arranged on the tracheal catheter body, the air bag is sleeved with the deformation steel frame, and the inner wall of the deformation steel frame is attached to the outer wall of the air bag all the time. The size of the deformation steel frame is increased or decreased along with expansion and contraction of the air bag so as to achieve expansion jacking or contraction tightening. According to the inflatable tracheal catheter guided by the visual fiber bronchoscope, the diameter is variable, operation is convenient and fast, intubation can be achieved without a visual laryngoscope, the tracheal catheter can be fixed without an adhesive tape, glottis injury is not likely to be caused, and complications generated after intubation are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an inflatable tracheal tube guided by a visual fiber bronchoscope and an intubation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of tracheal intubation. Background Art

[0002] Endotracheal intubation is an emergency technique that involves inserting a special endotracheal tube into the trachea through the oral or nasal cavity and the glottis. It is commonly used in general anesthesia surgery patients and patients with assisted mechanical ventilation.

[0003] At present, most endotracheal intubation methods are to expose the patient's epiglottis under a visual laryngoscope, and insert a endotracheal tube of a specific diameter into the trachea through the glottis. The specific operation method is: check whether the catheter balloon is leaking. If there is no leakage, insert the tube core into the endotracheal tube and shape it. The front end of the tube core cannot exceed the inclined surface of the front end of the tube, and lubricate the tube; hold the laryngoscope handle with the left hand, insert the blade into the mouth, pull the chin and tongue upward, and expose the glottis; open the patient's mouth with the right hand, insert the lens from the right corner of the patient's mouth, gradually move it to the center, push the tongue to the left, slowly insert the mirror body to the junction of the epiglottis and the root of the tongue, straighten the left side, and pull the laryngoscope forward and upward at about 45 degrees. Seeing the edge of the epiglottis, hold the endotracheal tube in the right hand like a brush, insert the tube along the lens from the right corner of the patient's mouth, aim the oblique end at the glottis and send it into the trachea. The cuff enters the trachea, removes the tube core, and continues to send it in. The tip of the tube is about 22±2cm away from the incisors; inject air into the cuff, and the cuff is elastic like the tip of the nose when touched. Generally, it is inflated with 5 to 8 ml, not more than 10 ml of gas. After the inflation is completed, auscultate the breath sounds of both lungs to confirm that the endotracheal tube has been inserted into the trachea; finally, place the dental pad immediately, then withdraw the laryngoscope, and fix the catheter and the dental pad together with tape. The length of the tape should not exceed the mandibular angle, and it should be firmly adhered to facilitate medical operations.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned intubation methods have the following disadvantages: 1. The thickness and development degree of the trachea of ​​patients are different, and the use of a tracheal tube with a specific diameter is prone to cause glossopharyngeal injury, bleeding and hematoma formation; 2. For patients who undergo longer operations, long-term tracheal intubation after surgery is prone to airway damage and throat discomfort; 3. The operation is cumbersome. After the tracheal intubation, the patient needs to be auscultated and fixed with tape. Although there is a visual tracheal intubation, the cost of consumables is high; 4. For patients with difficult airways, the size of the visual laryngoscope is limited, and it often cannot effectively expose the glottis, resulting in difficulty in tracheal intubation; 5. At the end of the operation, the patient needs to remove the tracheal tube, which is easy to cause damage to the glottis and cause hoarseness. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a tracheal tube with a variable diameter, convenient operation, intubation without a visual laryngoscope, fixation without tape, and not easy to cause glottis damage to reduce the occurrence of complications after intubation. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing tracheal intubation method is cumbersome to operate and has high cost. The use of a tracheal tube with a specific diameter cannot adapt to the changes in the thickness of the trachea of ​​different patients and is likely to cause damage to the epiglottis and glottis or even dislocation. For patients with difficult airway, the size of the visual laryngoscope is limited and the glottis often cannot be effectively exposed, resulting in difficulty in tracheal intubation.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an inflatable endotracheal tube and an intubation method thereof under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope, which has a variable diameter, is easy to operate, can be intubated without a visual laryngoscope, can be fixed without tape, and is not prone to glottal damage, thereby reducing the occurrence of complications after intubation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives and the above technical effects, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] In the first aspect, the present invention provides an inflatable tracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope, comprising a tracheal tube body, an airbag and a deformable steel frame, wherein the tracheal tube body can be plugged into an external visual fiber bronchoscope, a connecting portion is provided at one end of the tracheal tube body for connecting to a ventilator, the airbag is provided on the outer wall of the tracheal tube body away from the connecting portion, an inflation and deflation assembly for inflating and deflation of the airbag is provided on the tracheal tube body, the deformable steel frame is sleeved outside the airbag and the inner wall is always in contact with the outer wall of the airbag, and the volume of the deformable steel frame increases or decreases with the expansion and contraction of the airbag to achieve expansion support or contraction and tightening.

[0009] Preferably, the deformable steel frame is in a circular ring shape and its two ends gradually close toward the center of the circle to form a truncated cone shape. A plurality of deformation grooves are provided on the outer wall of the deformable steel frame, and the plurality of deformation grooves are spirally provided around the circumferential direction of the deformable steel frame. When the deformable steel frame is subjected to a force toward the center of the tracheal tube body, the deformation grooves move relative to the inner wall in a direction close to each other until they are in close contact; when the deformable steel frame is subjected to a force away from the center of the tracheal tube body, the deformation grooves move relative to the inner wall in a direction away from each other and ensure that the forces on the inner walls are balanced.

[0010] Furthermore, the deformation groove is rhombus-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the inflation and deflation assembly includes a ventilation tube, an inflation balloon, an inflation valve and a pressure gauge, the ventilation tube is arranged in the endotracheal tube body at one end connected with the inner cavity of the balloon, the other end of the ventilation tube extends out of the outer wall of the endotracheal tube body away from the balloon and is plugged into the air outlet of the inflation balloon, the inflation valve is arranged at the air inlet of the inflation balloon, and the pressure gauge is connected with the end of the ventilation tube away from the balloon.

[0012] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the inflatable balloon air outlet, at least one exhaust hole is opened on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe, an exhaust baffle is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe to cover or expose the exhaust hole, and a one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the exhaust baffle cover is threadedly connected to the exhaust pipe, and a sealing layer is provided on the inner wall of the exhaust baffle cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the exhaust volume of the exhaust hole is between 5 and 8 ml per minute.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for intubating an inflatable endotracheal tube, comprising an inflatable endotracheal tube and a visual fiber bronchoscope, wherein the inflatable endotracheal tube uses an inflatable endotracheal tube guided by a visual fiber bronchoscope, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Use laryngoscope to lift the patient's tongue root and reserve space for endotracheal intubation;

[0017] S2. Connect the visual fiber bronchoscope to the inflatable endotracheal tube, evacuate the air in the airbag, and shrink and tighten the deformable steel frame to fit tightly against the outer wall of the airbag;

[0018] S3. Insertion of an inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiberoptic bronchoscope;

[0019] S4, inflate the airbag to a suitable volume, and the deformed steel frame increases in volume as the airbag expands, thereby supporting the inner wall of the human trachea;

[0020] S5. Remove the visual fiber bronchoscope and connect the inflatable endotracheal tube to the ventilator for ventilation.

[0021] The inflatable endotracheal tube and intubation method thereof under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0022] 1. The inflatable tracheal tube under the guidance of the visual fiber bronchoscope of the present invention has a small diameter. During intubation, the contracted diameter of the airbag and the deformed steel frame is slightly larger than that of the tracheal tube body. Therefore, the tracheal tube body, the airbag and the deformed steel frame as a whole also maintain a relatively small diameter, which causes little damage when passing through the glottis. During intubation, the position of the tracheal tube body can be observed in real time through the visual fiber bronchoscope, without forcibly exposing the patient's epiglottis and glottis through a visual laryngoscope, and after intubation, there is no need to judge whether the intubation is in place by auscultation, so the operation is more convenient and quick.

[0023] 2. The inflatable tracheal tube under the guidance of the visual fiber bronchoscope of the present invention, after the tracheal tube body reaches the desired position, the airbag is inflated by the inflation and deflation assembly, and the pressure in the airbag is controlled at the normal airway pressure of an adult of 25-30cmH 2O, and adjusted according to the patient's physical condition, the expansion force of the airbag drives the volume of the deformed steel frame to increase until it is fixed to the inner wall of the human trachea, and the closing of the two ends of the deformed steel frame reduces the possibility of the ends of the deformed steel frame causing damage to the human trachea during support.

[0024] 3. After the operation, the inflatable tracheal tube under the guidance of the visual fiber bronchoscope of the present invention can reduce the volume of the airbag and the deformable steel frame by deflating so as to pull out the tracheal tube body without causing significant damage to the glottis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 The present invention mainly embodies a structural schematic diagram of an inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope in a state where the air in the air bag is evacuated;

[0026] Figure 2 The present invention mainly embodies a structural schematic diagram of an inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope in a balloon-inflated state;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A part;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a visual fiber bronchoscope and an inflatable endotracheal tube;

[0029] In the figure:

[0030] 1-inflatable endotracheal tube; 11-endotracheal tube body; 12-connecting part; 2-air bag; 3-deformable steel frame; 31-deformation groove; 4-inflation and deflation assembly; 41-ventilation tube; 42-inflatable balloon; 43-inflation valve; 44-pressure gauge; 5-exhaust pipe; 51-exhaust hole; 6-exhaust baffle; 7-sealing layer; 8-one-way valve; 9-visible fiber bronchoscope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3, an inflatable tracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope, comprising a tracheal tube body 11, an airbag 2 and a deformable steel frame 3, the tracheal tube body 11 can be plugged with an external visual fiber bronchoscope 9, one end of the tracheal tube body 11 is integrally injection-molded with a connecting portion 12 for connecting to a ventilator, the airbag 2 is integrally molded on the outer wall of the tracheal tube body 11 away from the connecting portion 12, an inflation and deflation component 4 for inflating and deflation of the airbag 2 is installed on the tracheal tube body 11, the deformable steel frame 3 is sleeved outside the airbag 2 and the inner wall of the deformable steel frame 3 is always in contact with the outer wall of the airbag 2, the volume of the deformable steel frame 3 increases or decreases with the expansion and contraction of the airbag 2 to achieve expansion support or contraction and tightening, and when in use, the external visual fiber bronchoscope 9 is inserted from one end of the connecting portion 12.

[0033] In a further embodiment, the deformable steel frame 3 is annular and its two ends gradually close toward the center of the circle to form a truncated cone. The two ends of the deformable steel frame 3 are closed to reduce the possibility of the ends of the deformable steel frame 3 causing damage to the human trachea during support. A plurality of deformation grooves 31 are provided on the outer wall of the deformable steel frame 3. In a feasible embodiment, the deformation grooves 31 can be of any shape. In this embodiment, the deformation grooves 31 are preferably rhombus-shaped. The plurality of deformation grooves 31 are spirally provided around the circumference of the deformable steel frame 3. The spacing between the deformation grooves 31 distributed on the same spiral line is between 2 and 3 mm, so as to better achieve deformation while ensuring that the deformable steel frame 3 has sufficient structural strength.

[0034] When the deformable steel frame 3 is subjected to a force in the direction toward the center of the tracheal tube body 11, the deformable groove 31 moves toward the direction approaching each other relative to the inner wall until it is tightly attached, and is in a contracted state. The fully contracted state is when it is tightly attached to the outer wall of the tracheal tube body 11 together with the airbag 2; when the deformable steel frame 3 is subjected to a force away from the center of the tracheal tube body 11, that is, when the airbag 2 is inflated, the deformable groove 31 moves in the direction away from each other relative to the inner wall and ensures that the forces between the inner walls are balanced to achieve support. The setting of the diamond-shaped deformable groove 31 can achieve balance faster, and the supporting state can be adjusted according to the thickness of the patient's trachea, which is convenient and practical. Moreover, by increasing the volume of the deformable steel frame 3 until it is supported against the inner wall of the human trachea, the relative fixation between the tracheal tube body 11 and the human trachea can be achieved, eliminating the step of fixing the tracheal tube machine tooth pad with tape in the existing method.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In a further embodiment, the inflation and deflation assembly 4 includes a ventilation tube 41, an inflation balloon 42, an inflation valve 43 and a pressure gauge 44. The ventilation tube 41 is inserted and installed in the tracheal tube body 11 and one end is connected to the inner cavity of the balloon 2. The other end of the ventilation tube 41 extends out of the outer wall of the tracheal tube body 11 away from the balloon 2 and is plugged into the air outlet of the inflation balloon 42. The inflation valve 43 is installed at the air inlet of the inflation balloon 42 to control the air intake of the inflation balloon 42. The pressure gauge 44 is connected to the end of the ventilation tube 41 away from the balloon 2, so that medical staff can better control the pressure in the balloon 2. Usually, the normal airway pressure of an adult is between 25-30cmH2O.

[0036] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe 5 is integrally formed on the outer wall of the air outlet of the inflatable balloon 42, and at least one exhaust hole 51 is opened on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 5. A one-way valve 8 is installed in the exhaust hole 51 to realize one-way exhaust. The exhaust volume per minute of the exhaust hole 51 is controlled between 5 and 8 ml. An exhaust baffle cover 6 is slidably installed on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 5 to cover or expose the exhaust hole 51 to realize the exhaust of the airbag 2 and pressure relief.

[0037] Furthermore, the exhaust baffle cover 6 is connected to the exhaust pipe 5 by threads. An internal thread is integrally formed on the inner wall of the exhaust baffle cover 6, and a corresponding thread groove is opened on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe 5. When covering or exposing the exhaust hole 51, it is only necessary to rotate the exhaust baffle cover 6 to achieve sliding, which is convenient and quick. At the same time, the internal thread also meets the need for further sealing of the exhaust hole 51. A rubber sealing layer 7 is bonded and fixed to the inner wall of the exhaust baffle cover 6. The setting of the sealing layer 7 further improves the airtightness of the exhaust baffle cover 6 when sealing.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 A method for intubating an inflatable endotracheal tube comprises an inflatable endotracheal tube 1 and a visual fiber bronchoscope 9. The inflatable endotracheal tube 1 is an inflatable endotracheal tube guided by a visual fiber bronchoscope, comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1. Lift the patient's tongue root through the laryngoscope to reserve space for endotracheal intubation.

[0040] S2. Connect the visual fiber bronchoscope 9 to the inflatable endotracheal tube 1, and evacuate the air in the airbag 2, so that the deformable steel frame 3 shrinks and tightens to fit the outer wall of the airbag 2 tightly against the outer wall of the endotracheal tube body 11, and apply lubricating liquid on the outer layer to make the intubation operation smoother.

[0041] S3. Under the guidance of the visual fiber bronchoscope 9, the inflatable endotracheal tube 1 enters the trachea along the glottis to reach the position required for anesthesia.

[0042] S4. The airbag 2 is inflated to a volume that is most suitable for the thickness of the patient's trachea through the inflation and deflation component 4. The deformable steel frame 3 increases in volume as the airbag 2 expands and is then supported between the inner walls of the human trachea, thereby fixing the inflatable tracheal tube 1.

[0043] S5. Withdraw the visual fiber bronchoscope 9 and connect the inflatable endotracheal tube 1 to a ventilator for ventilation.

[0044] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not any formal or substantial limitation of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and supplements without departing from the present invention, and these improvements and supplements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Any technician familiar with this profession, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make some changes, modifications and equivalent changes made by using the technical content disclosed above, which are equivalent embodiments of the present invention; at the same time, any changes, modifications and evolutions of any equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An inflatable endotracheal tube guided by a visual fiber bronchoscope, characterized in that: It includes a tracheal tube body, an airbag and a deformable steel frame. The tracheal tube body can be plugged into an externally visible fiber bronchoscope. A connecting portion is provided at one end of the tracheal tube body for connecting to a ventilator. The airbag is provided on the outer wall of the tracheal tube body away from the connecting portion at one end. The tracheal tube body is provided with an inflation and deflation assembly for inflating and deflation of the airbag. The deformable steel frame is sleeved outside the airbag and the inner wall is always in contact with the outer wall of the airbag. The volume of the deformable steel frame increases or decreases with the expansion and contraction of the airbag to achieve expansion support or contraction and tightening.

2. The inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The deformable steel frame is in a circular ring shape, and both ends gradually close toward the center of the circle to form a truncated cone shape. A plurality of deformation grooves are provided on the outer wall of the deformable steel frame, and the plurality of deformation grooves are spirally provided around the circumference of the deformable steel frame. When the deformable steel frame is subjected to a force toward the center of the tracheal tube body, the deformation grooves move relative to the inner wall in a direction close to each other until they are in close contact; when the deformable steel frame is subjected to a force away from the center of the tracheal tube body, the deformation grooves move relative to the inner wall in a direction away from each other and ensure that the forces on the inner walls are balanced.

3. The inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The deformation groove is rhombus-shaped.

4. The inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inflation and deflation assembly includes a ventilation tube, an inflation balloon, an inflation valve and a pressure gauge. The ventilation tube is arranged in the tracheal tube body at one end and is connected to the inner cavity of the balloon. The other end of the ventilation tube extends out of the outer wall of the tracheal tube body at one end away from the balloon and is plugged into the air outlet of the inflation balloon. The inflation valve is arranged at the air inlet of the inflation balloon, and the pressure gauge is connected to the end of the ventilation tube away from the balloon.

5. The inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: An exhaust pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the inflatable balloon outlet, at least one exhaust hole is opened on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe, an exhaust baffle is slidably arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust pipe to cover or expose the exhaust hole, and a one-way valve is arranged in the exhaust hole.

6. The inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust baffle is threadedly connected to the exhaust pipe, and a sealing layer is arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust baffle.

7. The inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust volume per minute of the exhaust hole is between 5 and 8 ml.

8. A method for intubating an inflatable endotracheal tube, comprising an inflatable endotracheal tube and a visual fiber bronchoscope, characterized in that: The inflatable endotracheal tube is applied to an inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiber bronchoscope as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1. Use laryngoscope to lift the patient's tongue root and reserve space for endotracheal intubation; S2. Connect the visual fiber bronchoscope to the inflatable endotracheal tube, evacuate the air in the airbag, and shrink and tighten the deformable steel frame to fit tightly against the outer wall of the airbag; S3. Insertion of an inflatable endotracheal tube under the guidance of a visual fiberoptic bronchoscope; S4, inflate the airbag to a suitable volume, and the deformed steel frame increases in volume as the airbag expands, thereby supporting the inner wall of the human trachea; S5. Remove the visual fiber bronchoscope and connect the inflatable endotracheal tube to the ventilator for ventilation.

Images