Homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete material preparation, and particularly discloses a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The reinforcing material comprises basalt fibers and basalt fiber powder anchored on the surfaces of the fibers through silicon dioxide amorphous layers formed on the surfaces of the fibers in situ. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dispersing basalt fibers into ethanol in which tetraethoxysilane is dissolved, heating, and then adding acid liquor to carry out hydrolysis reaction on the tetraethoxysilane, so that a silicon dioxide amorphous layer is formed on the surface of the basalt fibers; and (2) adding basalt fiber powder, stirring until the solution is clear, cooling to room temperature, and continuing to age the silicon dioxide amorphous layer. And after the reaction is finished, separating out a solid product, washing and drying to obtain the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material. According to the invention, not only is the dispersity of the basalt fiber improved, but also the corrosion resistance of the basalt fiber in an alkaline environment generated by muddy water is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete material preparation, and in particular to a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] As a new type of building material with characteristics of light weight, high strength, thermal insulation, fire resistance and earthquake resistance, structural lightweight aggregate concrete has a wide range of application prospects in modern buildings. However, with the continuous advancement of technology and the continuous growth of market demand, structural lightweight aggregate concrete needs to continuously improve its strength and durability to meet higher standards of application requirements.

[0004] Basalt fiber is an inorganic fiber material prepared by stretching molten basalt, with high strength and high modulus. Studies have found that basalt fiber can effectively improve the early strength of concrete, significantly reduce the development of microcracks, and improve the toughness of concrete. However, the dispersion of basalt fiber in concrete is an important factor affecting its reinforcement effect. In addition, the silicon-oxygen bonds or aluminum-oxygen bonds in the basalt fiber structure are easily corroded and dissolved in the alkaline environment generated by cement hydration, resulting in structural damage to the basalt fiber and reduced performance. Therefore, improving the dispersion and corrosion resistance of basalt fiber is a prerequisite for ensuring good performance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that basalt fiber has poor dispersibility and poor corrosion resistance in concrete materials, the present invention provides a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material and a preparation method and application thereof, which not only improves the dispersibility of basalt fiber, but also improves the corrosion resistance of basalt fiber in an alkaline environment generated by mud hydration. Specifically, the technical solution disclosed by the present invention is as follows.

[0006] Firstly, the present invention discloses a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising basalt fiber and basalt fiber powder anchored on the fiber surface through an in-situ formed silicon dioxide amorphous layer on the fiber surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the silicon dioxide amorphous layer is 0.3-2 um.

[0008] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the basalt fiber powder to the basalt fiber is 1:20-50. Optionally, the basalt fiber has a diameter of 10-20 um and a length of 20-60 mm.

[0009] Furthermore, the basalt fiber powder is obtained by grinding basalt fiber powder. The basalt fiber powder obtained by this method has more defects and higher activity, so it can be used as a sacrificial agent to protect the basalt fiber and improve its corrosion resistance in the alkaline environment generated by mud water.

[0010] Furthermore, the aspect ratio of the basalt fiber powder is 1.5-4:1, and the particle size is 2000-8000 mesh. The highly active basalt fiber powder can also play a nucleation site effect and a volcanic ash effect, promote the hydration of cementitious materials, and improve the mechanical properties of concrete materials.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention discloses a method for preparing the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Dispersing basalt fibers in anhydrous ethanol in which tetraethoxysilane is dissolved, heating, and then adding an acid solution to hydrolyze the tetraethoxysilane, thereby forming an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fibers.

[0012] (2) Add basalt fiber powder and stir until the solution is clear, then cool to room temperature and continue to age the amorphous silicon dioxide layer. After completion, separate the solid product, wash it, and dry it to obtain the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (1), the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane in the anhydrous ethanol is 10-40%.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (1), the addition ratio of basalt fiber in the anhydrous ethanol is 1-10 g / L.

[0015] Furthermore, in step (1), the acid solution is added to adjust the pH of the system to 1 to 5. Optionally, the acid solution includes at least one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, oleic acid, etc.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (1), the heating temperature is 60-120° C., and the hydrolysis reaction time is 6-24 h.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (2), the mass ratio of the basalt fiber powder to the basalt fiber is 1:20-50.

[0018] Furthermore, in step (2), the aging time is 12 to 24 hours. During this process, the silicon dioxide nanoparticles in the amorphous layer further grow and cross-link to form a gel network structure, and undergo a condensation reaction with the basalt fiber powder adsorbed thereon, that is, the silanol groups (from the hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane) in the amorphous layer undergo a condensation reaction with the alcoholic hydroxyl groups on the surface of the basalt fiber powder (BF) (SiO 2 -OH+OH-BF→SiO 2-O-BF), thereby using the silicon dioxide amorphous layer to anchor the basalt fiber powder on the basalt fiber surface.

[0019] Furthermore, in step (2), the washing liquid used for washing includes at least one of water, ethanol, kerosene, dimethyl sulfoxide, etc.

[0020] Again, the present invention discloses the application of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material in concrete materials.

[0021] Furthermore, the application is structural lightweight aggregate concrete, which includes the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of cementitious material, 70-100 parts by weight of pottery sand, 5-15 parts of fly ash microbeads, 3-10 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcing material, 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of water reducer, 0.1-0.3 parts by weight of thickener, and 55-75 parts by weight of mixing water.

[0022] Further, the cementitious material includes at least one of cement, fly ash, silica fume, mineral powder, etc. Optionally, the particle size of the ceramic sand is continuously graded between 1 and 10 mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the water reducer includes at least one of a polycarboxylate water reducer, a lignin sulfonate water reducer, a naphthalene water reducer and the like.

[0024] Furthermore, the thickener includes at least one of cellulose ether, xanthan gum, polyacrylamide and the like.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material prepared by the present invention improves the problems of basalt fiber being easy to agglomerate in cement-based materials and having poor alkali corrosion resistance, and effectively improves the reinforcement and toughening effect of basalt materials in concrete materials through the design of homogeneous materials and multi-dimensional structures. This is because: the present invention utilizes the hydrolysis reaction of tetraethoxysilane in an acidic environment to form an amorphous layer of silicon dioxide on the surface of basalt fiber, and utilizes the amorphous layer as a gripper to embed and anchor basalt fiber powder on the surface of basalt fiber to form a homogeneous multi-dimensional structure. In addition, the amorphous structure is more disordered, has a high entropy value, and has many defects, which is more conducive to the attachment of basalt fiber powder. Moreover, amorphous silicon dioxide is a network-like gel, which is conducive to attachment to the fiber surface of basalt fiber.

[0026] First, the amorphous layer is rich in chemical bonds such as Si-O-Si and -OH, which improves the surface polarity of basalt fiber and effectively improves the dispersibility of basalt fiber in cement paste. This is because the surface charge increases and belongs to the same charge, which increases the electrostatic repulsion between fibers and reduces agglomeration. And because the functional groups such as -OH on the amorphous layer are hydrophilic functional groups, they have good compatibility with cement paste and also help disperse the fibers.

[0027] Secondly, the silica amorphous layer and the basalt fiber powder attached to its surface greatly improve the roughness of the basalt fiber, increase the dynamic friction coefficient between the basalt fiber and the aggregate, and help it to rub against the aggregate during the concrete forming and mixing process to disperse and anchor. Thirdly, the basalt fiber powder has a large specific surface area, rich defects, and higher reaction activity than basalt fiber. Therefore, it reacts preferentially as a sacrificial agent and is preferentially corroded by alkaline ions in the alkaline environment generated by the hydration of the cementitious material, protecting the basalt fiber from damage. This is because the basalt fiber powder on the fiber surface undergoes a hydration reaction in the alkaline environment of cement, and the hydration products formed gather on the fiber surface to form a protective layer. In addition, as the hydration reaction of the cement matrix proceeds, the moisture content gradually decreases, and the cement-based material solidifies. Therefore, the conditions for the hydration reaction gradually disappear, and the hydration reaction of the basalt fiber powder stops. Therefore, the basalt fiber is protected from corrosion caused by the strong alkaline environment in the early stage of hydration.

[0028] Finally, due to the small size and high energy characteristics of basalt fiber powder, it can exert nucleation induction effect and volcanic ash effect, promote the hydration of cementitious materials, and help the production of hydrated calcium silicate gel, increase the density of the interface transition zone between fiber and cement matrix, fiber and aggregate, etc., adjust the pore structure, and improve the strength and durability of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. In addition, the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material of the present invention also has technical advantages in terms of green and low carbon, stable performance, wide application environment, high efficiency and economy, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a sample picture of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material prepared in the following Example 1.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a SEM image of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material prepared in the following Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples without specifying specific conditions are usually carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all professional and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those familiar to those skilled in the art. The reagents or raw materials used in the present invention can be purchased through conventional channels. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents or raw materials used in the present invention are used in a conventional manner in the art or in accordance with the product instructions.

[0034] In addition, any method and material similar or equivalent to the described content can be applied to the method of the present invention. The technical solution of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Example 1 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 10 μm and a length of 30 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 40°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0036] (2) Add 5 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 25%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 80° C., then dropwise add 1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH=3, and continue stirring for 12 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0037] (3) After completion, add 0.1g basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 2:1, particle size 5000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, then cool to 25°C and continue stirring for 12 hours to age the amorphous layer of silica. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol and dry it at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0038] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of P•O 425 type ordinary Portland cement, 100 parts by weight of pottery sand, 5 parts of fly ash microspheres, 60 parts by weight of mixing water, 5 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcing material of this embodiment, 1 part by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.1 part by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The pottery sand is a particle with a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The bulk density of the fly ash microspheres is 500 kg / m 3 .

[0039] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0040] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0041] Example 2 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 10 μm and a length of 40 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 40°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0042] (2) Add 5 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 25%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 80° C., then drop 1 mol / L nitric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH=1, and continue stirring for 24 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0043] (3) After completion, add 0.25g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 2.5:1, particle size 3000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, then cool to 25°C and continue stirring for 12 hours to age the amorphous silica layer. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and dry it at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0044] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of fly ash, 90 parts by weight of ceramic sand, 8 parts of fly ash microspheres, 62 parts by weight of mixing water, 5 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material of this embodiment, 1.5 parts by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.1 parts by weight of methyl cellulose ether. The ceramic sand is a particle with a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The bulk density of the fly ash microspheres is 500 kg / m 3 .

[0045] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0046] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0047] Example 3 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 18 μm and a length of 60 mm in 95% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 40°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0048] (2) 7 g of the basalt fiber was added to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane was 25%), and the obtained suspension was heated to 80° C. after being stirred evenly. Then, 1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid was added dropwise, and the reaction system was adjusted to pH=3. Then, stirring was continued for 20 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0049] (3) After completion, add 0.2g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 3:1, particle size 2000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 18 hours to age the amorphous layer of silica. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and dry it at 50°C for 10 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0050] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of P•O 425 ordinary Portland cement, 70 parts by weight of pottery sand, 15 parts of fly ash microspheres, 70 parts by weight of mixing water, 10 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcing material of this embodiment, 1 part by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.3 parts by weight of xanthan gum. The pottery sand is a particle with a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The bulk density of the fly ash microspheres is 500 kg / m 3 .

[0051] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0052] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0053] Example 4 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 18 μm and a length of 20 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 50°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0054] (2) Add 10 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 25%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 100° C., then drop 1 mol / L acetic acid, adjust the reaction system to pH 5, and continue stirring for 16 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0055] (3) After completion, add 0.25g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 4:1, particle size 2000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 15 hours to age the amorphous silica layer. Then filter out the solid product, wash with deionized water, and dry at 60°C for 10 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0056] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of silica fume, 80 parts by weight of pottery sand, 10 parts of fly ash microspheres, 75 parts by weight of mixing water, 4 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcing material of this embodiment, 0.8 parts by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.2 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The pottery sand is a particle with a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The bulk density of the fly ash microspheres is 500 kg / m 3 .

[0057] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0058] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0059] Example 5 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 20 μm and a length of 50 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 45°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0060] (2) 8 g of the basalt fiber was added to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane was 30%), and after being stirred evenly, the obtained suspension was heated to 80° C. and kept warm. Then, 1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid was added dropwise, and the reaction system was adjusted to pH=3. Then, stirring was continued for 8 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0061] (3) After completion, add 0.1g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 2:1, particle size 8000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 15 hours to age the amorphous silica layer. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and dry it at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0062] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of silica fume, 100 parts by weight of ceramic sand, 5 parts of fly ash microspheres, 75 parts by weight of mixing water, 5 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcing material of this embodiment, 1.2 parts by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.1 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether. The ceramic sand is a particle with a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The bulk density of the fly ash microspheres is 500 kg / m 3 .

[0063] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0064] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0065] Example 6 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 18 μm and a length of 30 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 45°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0066] (2) Add 5 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 40%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 80° C., then dropwise add 1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH=3, and continue stirring for 6 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0067] (3) After completion, add 0.15g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 3.5:1, particle size 2000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 20 hours to age the amorphous layer of silica. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and dry it at 60°C for 8 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0068] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of silica fume, 70 parts by weight of pottery sand, 15 parts of fly ash microspheres, 55 parts by weight of mixing water, 3 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material of this embodiment, 1.5 parts by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.1 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether. The pottery sand is a particle with a particle size of 1 to 10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The bulk density of the fly ash microspheres is 500 kg / m 3 .

[0069] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0070] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0071] Example 7 1. A method for preparing a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, comprising the following steps: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 20 μm and a length of 35 mm in 95% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 50°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0072] (2) Add 1 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 10%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 60° C., then drop 1 mol / L nitric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH 2, and continue stirring for 24 hours to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0073] (3) After completion, add 0.2g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 1.5:1, particle size 7000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 20 hours to age the amorphous silica layer. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and dry it at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0074] 2. A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete, comprising the following steps: (i) Take the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of P•O 425 type ordinary Portland cement, 75 parts by weight of pottery sand, 10 parts by weight of fly ash microspheres, 60 parts by weight of mixing water, 8 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material of this embodiment, 1 part by weight of polycarboxylate water reducer, and 0.2 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether. The pottery sand is a continuous grade of 1-10 mm and a density of 750 kg / m 3 , cylinder pressure strength is 1.5MPa, water absorption rate is 20%. The fly ash microbeads have a bulk density of 500 kg / m 3 .

[0075] (ii) The ceramic sand is pre-wetted to a saturated surface dry state, mixed with the above raw materials and stirred for 3 minutes, and then the obtained concrete is poured into a mold, demolded after molding, and cured in a curing box at a temperature of 20±2°C and a relative humidity of not less than 95% for 28 days to obtain a structural lightweight aggregate concrete specimen.

[0076] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0077] Example 8 A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, except that the basalt reinforcement material prepared by the following method in this embodiment replaces the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material in embodiment 1: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 10 μm and a length of 30 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 40°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0078] (2) Add 5 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 25%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 80° C., then dropwise add 1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH=3, and continue stirring for 12 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0079] (3) After completion, the reaction system was cooled to 25°C and stirred for 12 hours to age the amorphous silicon dioxide layer. The solid product was then filtered out, washed with ethanol and dried at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain the basalt reinforcement material.

[0080] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0081] Example 9 A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 1, except that the basalt reinforcement material prepared by the following method in this embodiment replaces the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material in embodiment 1: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 10 μm and a length of 30 mm in 95% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 50°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0082] (2) The basalt fiber and basalt fiber powder (length-to-diameter ratio 2:1, particle size 5000 mesh) are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 5:0.1 to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material.

[0083] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0084] Example 10 A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 2, except that the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material of this embodiment is prepared by the following method: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 10 μm and a length of 40 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 40°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0085] (2) Add 5 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of ethanol solution, stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 80° C., then drop 1 mol / L nitric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH=1, and continue stirring for 24 h.

[0086] (3) After completion, add 0.25g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 2.5:1, particle size 3000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 12 hours. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and then dry it at 60°C for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0087] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0088] Embodiment 11 A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 5, except that the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material of this embodiment is prepared by the following method: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 20 μm and a length of 50 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 45°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0089] (2) 8 g of the basalt fiber was added to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane was 30%), and after stirring evenly, the resulting suspension was heated to 80° C., and then stirred continuously at this temperature for 8 h.

[0090] (3) After completion, add 0.1g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 2:1, particle size 8000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, cool to 25°C, and continue stirring for 15h. Then filter out the solid product, wash it with ethanol, and then dry it at 50°C for 12 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material.

[0091] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0092] Example 12 A method for preparing structural lightweight aggregate concrete is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 6, except that the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material of this embodiment is prepared by the following method: (1) Place basalt fiber with a diameter of 18 μm and a length of 30 mm in 75% ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min, remove it and place it in a drying oven at 45°C to dry to constant weight for later use.

[0093] (2) Add 5 g of the basalt fiber to 1 L of anhydrous ethanol containing tetraethoxysilane (the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane is 40%), stir evenly, heat the resulting suspension to 80° C., then dropwise add 1 mol / L dilute hydrochloric acid, adjust the reaction system to pH=3, and continue stirring for 6 h to allow the tetraethoxysilane to hydrolyze and condense, so as to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber.

[0094] (3) After completion, add 0.15 g of basalt fiber powder (aspect ratio 3.5:1, particle size 2000 mesh), stir until the solution is clear, then cool to 25 °C, filter out the solid product, wash with ethanol and dry at 60 °C for 8 hours to obtain a homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material.

[0095] According to the Technical Specification for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (JGJ51-2002), the axial compressive strength and axial tensile strength of the lightweight aggregate concrete specimens of the structure were tested. The results are shown in the following table: .

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material, characterized in that: The invention comprises basalt fiber and basalt fiber powder anchored on the fiber surface through a silicon dioxide amorphous layer formed in situ on the fiber surface.

2. The homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the silicon dioxide amorphous layer is 0.3-2 um.

3. The homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the basalt fiber powder to the basalt fiber is 1:20-50; optionally, the diameter of the basalt fiber is 10-20 um, and the length is 20-60 mm.

4. The homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The basalt fiber powder is obtained by grinding basalt fiber powder; optionally, the basalt fiber powder has an aspect ratio of 1.5-4:1 and a particle size of 2000-8000 meshes.

5. The method for preparing the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcement material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) dispersing basalt fiber in anhydrous ethanol in which tetraethoxysilane is dissolved, heating and then adding acid to hydrolyze the tetraethoxysilane to form an amorphous silicon dioxide layer on the surface of the basalt fiber; (2) adding basalt fiber powder and stirring until the solution is clear, then cooling to room temperature and continuing to age the amorphous silicon dioxide layer; after completion, separating the solid product, washing and drying to obtain the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material.

6. The method for preparing the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass fraction of tetraethoxysilane in the anhydrous ethanol is 10-40%; Optionally, in step (1), the basalt fiber is added to the ethanol at a ratio of 1 to 10 g / L; Optionally, in step (1), the acid solution is added to adjust the pH of the system to 1-5; Optionally, in step (1), the acid solution includes at least one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, and oleic acid; Optionally, in step (1), the heating temperature is 60-120° C., and the hydrolysis reaction time is 6-24 h.

7. The method for preparing the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforced material according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of the basalt fiber powder to the basalt fiber is 1:20-50; Furthermore, in step (2), the aging time is 12 to 24 hours; Furthermore, in step (2), the washing liquid used for washing includes at least one of water, ethanol, kerosene, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

8. Use of the homogeneous multidimensional basalt reinforced material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the homogeneous multidimensional basalt reinforced material obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 in concrete materials.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: The application is structural lightweight aggregate concrete, which includes the following raw materials: 100 parts by weight of cementitious material, 70-100 parts by weight of pottery sand, 5-15 parts of fly ash microbeads, 3-10 parts by weight of the homogeneous multi-dimensional basalt reinforcing material, 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of water reducer, 0.1-0.3 parts by weight of thickener, and 55-75 parts by weight of mixing water.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cementitious material includes at least one of cement, fly ash, silica fume and mineral powder; Optionally, the particle size of the ceramic sand is continuously graded between 1 and 10 mm; Optionally, the water reducer includes at least one of a polycarboxylate water reducer, a lignin sulfonate water reducer, and a naphthalene water reducer; Optionally, the thickener includes at least one of cellulose ether, xanthan gum, and polyacrylamide.

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