Device and method for monitoring abrasion of graphite brush of wind generating set

Abstract

The wind generating set graphite brush abrasion monitoring device comprises an annular track arranged on the periphery of a collecting ring, the annular track and the collecting ring are coaxially arranged, a moving device is arranged on the annular track, and the moving device is used for moving along the annular track; the moving device is provided with an anode carbon brush and a cathode carbon brush, the anode carbon brush is matched with the anode conducting ring, and the cathode carbon brush is matched with the cathode conducting ring; the positive conducting ring and the negative conducting ring are used for being electrically connected with a monitoring device power supply; a sensor supporting frame is arranged on the moving device, a sensor mounting seat is slidably mounted on the sensor supporting frame, and a distance measuring sensor is mounted on the sensor mounting seat; the sensor mounting base and the distance measuring sensor are driven by the lifting device to move. And a cyclic scanning mode is adopted, so that the situation that a monitoring device is independently installed for each graphite brush is avoided, the manufacturing cost and the operation cost of equipment are remarkably reduced, and the economical efficiency and the maintenance efficiency of the wind generating set are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation monitoring, and in particular relates to a graphite brush wear monitoring device and method for a wind power generator set. Background Art

[0002] The collector ring (also called slip ring or rotating electrical interface) of a wind turbine is a vital component in a wind turbine that allows power and control signals to be transmitted between the rotating generator rotor and the stationary nacelle or tower. In wind power generation, the wind rotor drives the rotor of the generator to rotate, while the stator of the generator is usually stationary, which requires a device that can handle the power transmission between the rotating and stationary parts. This is the role of the collector ring. Graphite brushes are usually installed on the fixed part of the collector ring (or slip ring) to maintain contact with the rotating metal ring. When the rotor of the generator rotates, the graphite brushes slide along the surface of the metal ring, thus forming a closed circuit, allowing current and signals to be transmitted from the rotating generator rotor to the stationary control system or power grid. Abnormal wear of the graphite brushes may also reflect problems such as rough or damaged collector ring surfaces. These problems also need to be discovered and handled in a timely manner to avoid affecting the stable operation of the wind turbine.

[0003] At present, the wear monitoring of graphite brushes in wind turbines usually relies on regular manual inspections. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to monitor the wear status of graphite brushes in real time, which easily leads to missed optimal maintenance opportunities, increased maintenance costs and increased equipment failure rates. Given the large number of graphite brushes on the collector rings of wind turbines, if a wear monitoring device is installed separately for each graphite brush, the manufacturing cost and operating cost of the equipment will be greatly increased, reducing the economy and practicality of the system. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a monitoring device or method with high monitoring accuracy, low installation difficulty, and reduced operating costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a graphite brush wear monitoring device and method for a wind turbine generator set, which can monitor all graphite brushes on the collector ring in turn, greatly reducing the investment cost and operating cost of the equipment, and realizing automatic and continuous monitoring of the wear status of the graphite brushes.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set comprises an annular track arranged on the periphery of a collector ring, the annular track is coaxially arranged with the collector ring, a moving device is arranged on the annular track, and the moving device is used to move along the annular track; The mobile device is provided with a positive carbon brush and a negative carbon brush, the positive carbon brush is adapted to the positive conductive ring, and the negative carbon brush is adapted to the negative conductive ring; the positive conductive ring and the negative conductive ring are used to be electrically connected to the power supply of the monitoring device; The mobile device is provided with a sensor support frame, on which a sensor mounting seat is slidably mounted, and on which a distance measuring sensor is mounted; the sensor mounting seat and the distance measuring sensor are driven to move by the lifting device.

[0006] Preferably, the lifting device comprises a screw rod, which is driven to rotate by a lifting device driving motor, and the lifting device driving motor is arranged on the moving device. Preferably, the sensor mounting seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and the sensor mounting seat is connected to the sensor support frame via a slide rail.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of adjustable positioning pins are provided on the inner side of the annular track, the adjustable positioning pins are arranged in a ring around the axis of the annular track, the adjustable positioning pins cooperate with the position switch, and the position switch is installed on the moving device.

[0008] Preferably, a single adjustable positioning pin and the graphite brushes in the same vertical row are located in the same plane.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustable positioning needle comprises a double-ear plate arranged on the inner wall of the annular track, the two ear plates of the double-ear plate are simultaneously threadedly connected to the adjusting screw, and a guide rod is provided between the two ear plates, the adjusting screw is threadedly matched with the positioning needle, and the positioning needle is slidingly matched with the guide rod.

[0010] Preferably, a sensor wire restraint device is provided on the side wall of the sensor support frame, and the sensor wire restraint device comprises a slide bar frame arranged on the side wall of the sensor support frame, and a plurality of wire clamps are slidably provided on the slide bar frame, and the wire clamps are used to clamp the sensor wires of the ranging sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the sensor mounting base includes a movable base, the movable base is threadedly matched with the lead screw, and the movable base is connected to the sensor support frame through a slide rail; the movable base has a transverse groove and a vertical groove, and the transverse groove and the vertical groove are perpendicular to each other and communicated; the ranging sensor is installed on the circular rod, and the ranging sensor and the circular rod are perpendicular to each other; the circular rod is used to be placed on the transverse groove, and the ranging sensor is used to be clamped in the vertical groove, and an elastic sheet or elastic pad is provided in the vertical groove.

[0012] Preferably, the driving motor of the lifting device is a stepping motor, the power component of the moving device is a stepping motor, both stepping motors are controlled by a controller, and the signal input end of the controller is connected to the position switch. A monitoring method for a graphite brush wear monitoring device of a wind turbine generator set comprises the following steps: S1. Number all graphite brushes on the collector ring: Definition 1: Taking one end point of the collector ring as the starting point, the graphite brush located on the same plane as the starting point is the first layer of graphite brushes, denoted as X1, and X2, X3, ... Xn are arranged in sequence along the other end of the collector ring. Definition 2: Select any graphite brush on X1 as the starting point graphite brush, marked as Y1; other graphite brushes on X1 are marked as Y2, Y3, ... Ym in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction; Then the Y1 graphite brush on X1 is numbered as X1 Y1, the Y2 graphite brush on X2 is numbered as X2 Y2, and so on. The composite number of any graphite brush on the collector ring is Xn Ym, and the position of the specific graphite brush can be queried through the composite number; S2. Install the graphite brush wear monitoring device for wind turbine generator sets: ①Install the annular track and the collector ring coaxially; ② Install adjustable positioning pins on the inner side of the circular track. The number of adjustable positioning pins is m, and the m adjustable positioning pins correspond to the m graphite brush positions on X1 one by one; ③Install the sensor support frame perpendicular to the plane where the annular track is located, so that the sensor mounting seat moves back and forth along the axial direction of the collector ring; ④Install the position switch so that it can detect the position of the adjustable positioning needle; S3. Debug the equipment: ① Ensure that the lifting device drive motor drives the distance sensor to move up and down smoothly, and the lifting device drive motor stops once every time the distance sensor reaches the moving height H; where H is equal to the distance between Xn and Xn-1; the distance sensor is used to detect the distance information of the graphite block in the graphite brush; ② Make sure that the moving device stops when the position switch on the moving device detects the position of the adjustable positioning needle; when the moving device stops, the distance sensor should be flush with the graphite brush on the same axial plane; If the distance measuring sensor position is offset, the stop position of the moving device is adjusted by fine-tuning the positioning pin position; S4. Perform online monitoring: ① Use the moving device to drive the distance measuring sensor to rotate around the collector ring. When the position switch detects the position of the first adjustable positioning needle, the moving device stops; ② The lifting device drives the motor to drive the distance sensor from X1 to Xn, and the distance sensor detects the distance of all graphite brushes with compound number XnY1 in turn; ③After the distance measuring sensor completes the detection, it returns to the starting position; ④ Use the moving device to continue to drive the distance measuring sensor to move. When the position switch detects the position of the second adjustable positioning needle, the moving device stops; ⑤ The lifting device drives the motor to drive the distance sensor from X1 to Xn, and the distance sensor detects the distance of all graphite brushes with compound number XnY2 in turn; ⑥ Repeat steps ①-⑤ to complete the distance information of graphite blocks in all graphite brushes; one cycle of online monitoring is completed; ⑦ Repeat step ⑥ to complete several periodic online monitoring; S5. Conduct early warning analysis: When the unit is initially put into operation, the distance sensor is used to measure all graphite brushes for distance detection, and the average value of all measurement points is taken as the reference value, i.e. L0; Set the wear warning value L1. When the measured distance value is greater than L1, it proves that the wear of the graphite block is large. Judgment condition 1: When the distance information of a certain Xn Ym graphite brush is detected to be greater than L1, it proves that the graphite brush has a large amount of wear and needs to be replaced; Judgment condition 2: When the distance information of the same layer of graphite brushes is detected to be greater than L1, it proves that the phase of the collector ring has a fault; Judgment condition three: When it is detected that the distance information of more than half of the graphite brushes is greater than L1 and the wear cycle is significantly reduced, it proves that the collector ring as a whole has a fault.

[0013] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the integrated mechanical and sensor system, the wear status of the graphite brush is automatically and continuously monitored, which reduces the dependence on manual inspection and improves the efficiency and accuracy of monitoring.

[0014] 2. The cyclic scanning method is adopted to avoid the installation of a monitoring device for each graphite brush separately, which significantly reduces the equipment cost and operating cost; it can timely warn of graphite brush wear and collector ring failure, reduce the failure rate, and improve the operating stability and economic benefits of the wind turbine.

[0015] 3. Through the coordination of the adjustable positioning pin and the position switch, as well as the sophisticated design of the sensor mounting base, the distance measuring sensor can be accurately aligned with each graphite brush to achieve accurate monitoring of its wear status.

[0016] 4. The present invention numbers all graphite brushes on the collector ring and defines the position of each layer and each graphite brush, which is convenient for subsequent monitoring and data analysis. The mobile device is used to drive the distance measuring sensor to rotate around the collector ring, and the height is adjusted in combination with the lifting device to realize automatic scanning and distance measurement of all graphite brushes. By comparing the reference value L0 with the current measurement value, the wear warning value L1 is set. When the wear of the graphite brush exceeds the warning value, a warning is issued in time to guide the maintenance personnel to perform necessary inspections and replacements.

[0017] 5. The monitoring data is sent to the external terminal device through wireless transmission technology. Combined with the early warning analysis algorithm, it can timely detect abnormal wear of the graphite brush, guide maintenance work, and avoid the risk of equipment failure and downtime caused by wear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a plan view of the graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set of the present invention; Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the graphite brush wear monitoring device for wind turbine generator set of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 6 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the graphite brush wear monitoring device for wind turbine generator set of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 8 Coordinate diagram for coding graphite brushes (the effect of flattening the circular graphite brushes); Fig. 9 It is a dot diagram of the measured distance L and the scanning period T.

[0019] In the figure: annular track 1, moving device 2, positive carbon brush 301, negative carbon brush 302, positive conductive ring 401, negative conductive ring 402, sensor support frame 5, sensor mounting seat 6, movable base 601, transverse groove 602, vertical groove 603, distance sensor 7, lifting device 8, screw 801, lifting device drive motor 802, slide rail 9, adjustable positioning pin 10, double ear plate 10.1, adjusting screw 10.2, guide rod 10.3, positioning pin 10.4, position switch 11, sensor line restraint device 12, slide rod frame 12.1, wire clamp 12.2, collector ring 13, graphite brush 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The preferred solution is Figures 1 to 9As shown, a graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set includes an annular track 1 arranged outside a collector ring, the annular track 1 is coaxially arranged with the collector ring, a moving device 2 is arranged on the annular track 1, and the moving device 2 is used to move along the annular track 1; the annular track is coaxially arranged with the collector ring, and the moving device moves on it, which can cover the positions of all graphite brushes and realize comprehensive monitoring. The annular track 1 is preferably a gear ring, and the stepper motor of the moving device 2 is meshed with the gear ring through the driving teeth.

[0021] The mobile device 2 is provided with a positive carbon brush 301 and a negative carbon brush 302, the positive carbon brush 301 is adapted to the positive conductive ring 401, and the negative carbon brush 302 is adapted to the negative conductive ring 402; the positive conductive ring 401 and the negative conductive ring 402 are used to be electrically connected to the power supply of the monitoring device; the positive carbon brush 301 and the negative carbon brush 302 are respectively adapted to the positive conductive ring 401 and the negative conductive ring 402 to ensure the power supply of the monitoring device.

[0022] The moving device 2 is provided with a sensor support frame 5, on which a sensor mounting seat 6 is slidably mounted, and a distance sensor 7 is mounted on the sensor mounting seat 6; the sensor mounting seat 6 and the distance sensor 7 are driven to move by a lifting device 8. The sensor mounting seat 6 is driven to move by the lifting device 8 to achieve accurate measurement of different positions of the graphite brush. The lifting device 8 includes a screw rod 801 and a lifting device drive motor 802, which are used to adjust the height of the distance sensor to ensure that it can align with graphite brushes of different heights.

[0023] Graphite brushes are also called carbon brushes. The material of graphite brushes can be pure graphite or a composite material with metal particles added to enhance conductivity and durability. Graphite brushes generally represent a complete assembly. The core components of graphite brushes include graphite blocks and elastic parts. Graphite blocks are wear parts, which can also be called consumable parts. As the graphite blocks are used, the length of the graphite blocks will gradually decrease. Due to different working conditions, the degree of wear of a single graphite block is different, and some graphite blocks may be severely worn and need to be replaced in time. In addition, if the graphite blocks on the same layer are all severely worn, it may be because the surface of the collector ring is not smooth or damaged.

[0024] The distance measuring sensor 7 of the present invention is preferably a laser rangefinder, which is used to measure the distance between the sensor and the graphite block. When the graphite block is worn, the measured distance will increase. Therefore, based on the above principles, the present invention designs a graphite brush wear monitoring device for wind turbines. The collector rings in wind turbines are relatively large in size, and a protective box is provided outside the collector rings. There is enough space between the box and the collector rings to install the device. Since there are a large number of graphite brushes on the collector rings, generally, more than a dozen or dozens of graphite brushes are installed on each phase slip ring, and the total number of graphite brushes on the three-phase slip rings is more than dozens or even more than one hundred. If a wear monitoring device is installed separately for each graphite brush, it will undoubtedly increase the manufacturing cost and operating cost. Therefore, the present invention adopts a cyclic scanning method to perform cyclic monitoring on each numbered graphite brush in turn, which greatly reduces the equipment investment cost and operating cost.

[0025] Further, the lifting device 8 includes a screw 801, which is driven to rotate by a lifting device driving motor 802, and the lifting device driving motor 802 is arranged on the moving device 2. The lifting device driving motor 802 can drive the screw 801 to rotate through a worm gear reducer. Further, the sensor mounting seat 6 is threadedly connected to the screw rod 801, and the sensor mounting seat 6 is connected to the sensor support frame 5 through the slide rail 9. The sensor support frame 5 is a rectangular frame structure, and the screw rod 801 is installed in the sensor support frame 5 through a bearing.

[0026] Furthermore, a plurality of adjustable positioning pins 10 are provided inside the circular track 1, and the adjustable positioning pins 10 are arranged in a circular shape around the axis of the circular track 1. The adjustable positioning pins 10 cooperate with the position switch 11, and the position switch 11 is installed on the mobile device 2. The adjustable positioning pins 10 are designed to provide an accurate position reference in the graphite brush wear monitoring device of the wind turbine generator set, to ensure that the distance measuring sensor 7 can accurately align with each graphite brush, and to achieve accurate monitoring of its wear state. The position of the positioning pin can be adjusted through a simple manual adjustment principle, without the need to disassemble or replace a large number of components, which reduces the difficulty of maintenance, shortens the maintenance time, and improves the maintainability of the system.

[0027] Furthermore, the single adjustable positioning pin 10 and the graphite brushes in the same vertical row are located in the same plane.

[0028] Specifically, the adjustable positioning needle 10 includes a double-ear plate 10.1 arranged on the inner wall of the circular track 1, the two ear plates of the double-ear plate 10.1 are threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 10.2 at the same time, and a guide rod 10.3 is provided between the two ear plates, the adjusting screw 10.2 is threadedly matched with the positioning needle 10.4, and the positioning needle 10.4 is slidingly matched with the guide rod 10.3.

[0029] The double-ear plate is fixed on the inner wall of the circular track 1, providing a stable installation foundation for the positioning pin. The adjusting screw 10.2 is threadedly connected to the two ear plates of the double-ear plate. By rotating the adjusting screw, the position of the positioning pin can be accurately adjusted to ensure that it is aligned with the specific graphite brush. The guide rod 10.3 is set between the two ear plates, and the positioning pin 10.4 slides with it to ensure that the positioning pin can move smoothly during adjustment. At the same time, it also plays a limiting role to prevent the positioning pin from deviating from the predetermined trajectory.

[0030] Furthermore, the side wall of the sensor support frame 5 is provided with a sensor line restraint device 12, which includes a slide bar frame 12.1 provided on the side wall of the sensor support frame 5, and a plurality of cable clamps 12.2 are slidably provided on the slide bar frame 12.1, and the cable clamps 12.2 are used to clamp the sensor line of the ranging sensor 7. The plurality of slidable cable clamps 12.2 are used to fix and organize the sensor line to avoid entanglement or damage during movement, and can meet the needs of reciprocating movement of the ranging sensor 7.

[0031] Furthermore, the sensor mounting seat 6 includes a movable base 601, which is threadedly matched with the screw rod 801, and the movable base 601 is connected to the sensor support frame 5 through a slide rail 9; the movable base 601 has a transverse groove 602 and a vertical groove 603, and the transverse groove 602 and the vertical groove 603 are perpendicular to each other and communicate with each other; the ranging sensor 7 is installed on the circular rod, and the ranging sensor 7 and the circular rod are perpendicular to each other; the circular rod is used to be placed on the transverse groove 602, and the ranging sensor 7 is used to be clamped in the vertical groove 603, and an elastic sheet or elastic pad is provided in the vertical groove 603.

[0032] The movable base 601 has a threaded hole inside, which cooperates with the screw 801. When the screw rotates, the movable base 601 moves along the screw axial direction to achieve position adjustment. The movable base 601 is connected to the sensor support frame 5 through the slide rail 9, so that the movable base 601 moves smoothly on the support frame, and the slide rail provides guidance and stability.

[0033] The sensor mounting base 6 is used to mount the distance sensor 7. In order to facilitate the quick installation of the distance sensor 7, the present invention adopts the design of the transverse groove 602 and the vertical groove 603. The transverse groove 602 allows the round rod to move in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the distance sensor 7. The vertical groove 603 is perpendicular to and communicates with the transverse groove, and is used to fix the round rod so that the distance sensor 7 can be positioned in the vertical direction.

[0034] An elastic sheet or elastic pad is provided in the vertical groove 603 to facilitate clamping of the distance measuring sensor 7 .

[0035] In addition, other structures for fixing the distance measuring sensor 7 are also applicable to the present invention.

[0036] Furthermore, the lifting device driving motor 802 is a stepper motor, the power component of the moving device 2 is a stepper motor, and both stepper motors are controlled by a controller, and the signal input end of the controller is connected to the position switch 11. The power supply in the present invention is powered by 36V DC power, and specifically, the power supply is installed on the outer box of the collector ring, and the positive and negative poles of the power supply are connected to the positive conductive ring 401 and the negative conductive ring 402 respectively.

[0037] The distance information of the present invention is transmitted wirelessly, that is, wireless communication technology (such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, LoRa, NFC, etc.) is used to send data. The data propagates in the air in the form of electromagnetic waves and is converted back into electrical signals after reaching the receiving antenna. The receiving module of the external terminal device captures the transmitted data signal. The received encoded data is decoded back to the original information. If it is wireless transmission, demodulation is required first.

[0038] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention realizes automatic and continuous monitoring of the wear state of the graphite brush, reduces manual intervention, and improves monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

[0039] A monitoring method for a graphite brush wear monitoring device of a wind turbine generator set comprises the following steps: S1. Number all graphite brushes on the collector ring: Definition 1: Taking one end point of the collector ring as the starting point, the graphite brush located on the same plane as the starting point is the first layer of graphite brushes, denoted as X1, and X2, X3, ... Xn are arranged in sequence along the other end of the collector ring. Definition 2: Select any graphite brush on X1 as the starting point graphite brush, marked as Y1; other graphite brushes on X1 are marked as Y2, Y3, ... Ym in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction; Then the Y1 graphite brush on X1 is numbered as X1 Y1, the Y2 graphite brush on X2 is numbered as X2 Y2, and so on. The composite number of any graphite brush on the collector ring is Xn Ym, and the position of the specific graphite brush can be queried through the composite number; S2. Install the graphite brush wear monitoring device for wind turbine generator sets: ① Install the annular track 1 coaxially with the collector ring; ② Install adjustable positioning pins 10 on the inner side of the circular track 1. The number of the adjustable positioning pins 10 is m, and the m adjustable positioning pins 10 correspond one-to-one to the positions of the m graphite brushes on X1; ③ Install the sensor support frame 5 perpendicular to the plane where the annular track 1 is located, so that the sensor mounting seat 6 reciprocates along the axial direction of the collector ring; ④ Install the position switch 11 so that the position switch 11 can detect the position of the adjustable positioning needle 10; Correctly install the circular track, adjustable positioning pin, sensor support frame and other components, and debug the equipment to ensure that each component is working properly.

[0040] S3. Debug the equipment: ① Ensure that the lifting device driving motor 802 drives the distance measuring sensor 7 to move up and down smoothly, and the lifting device driving motor 802 stops once each time the distance measuring sensor 7 reaches the moving height H; wherein H is equal to the distance between Xn and Xn-1; the distance measuring sensor 7 is used to detect the distance information of the graphite block in the graphite brush; ② Ensure that the moving device 2 stops when the position switch 11 on the moving device 2 detects the position of the adjustable positioning needle 10; when the moving device 2 stops, the distance sensor 7 should be flush with the graphite brush in the same axial plane; If the distance sensor 7 is offset, the stop position of the mobile device 2 is adjusted by fine-tuning the position of the positioning pin 10.4; S4. Perform online monitoring: ① The moving device 2 drives the distance measuring sensor 7 to rotate around the collector ring. When the position switch 11 detects the position of the first adjustable positioning needle 10, the moving device 2 stops; ② The lifting device drives the motor 802 to drive the distance sensor 7 to move from X1 to Xn, and the distance sensor 7 detects the distance of all graphite brushes with the composite number XnY1 in turn; ③ When the distance measuring sensor 7 completes the detection, it returns to the starting position; ④ The moving device 2 continues to drive the distance measuring sensor 7 to move. When the position switch 11 detects the position of the second adjustable positioning pin 10, the moving device 2 stops; ⑤ The lifting device drives the motor 802 to drive the distance sensor 7 to move from X1 to Xn, and the distance sensor 7 detects the distance of all graphite brushes with the composite number XnY2 in turn; ⑥ Repeat steps ①-⑤ to complete the distance information of graphite blocks in all graphite brushes; one cycle of online monitoring is completed; ⑦ Repeat step ⑥ to complete several periodic online monitoring; S5. Conduct early warning analysis: When the unit is initially put into operation, the distance sensor 7 is used to measure all graphite brushes for distance detection, and the average value of all measurement points is taken as the reference value, i.e., L0; Set the wear warning value L1. When the measured distance value is greater than L1, it proves that the wear of the graphite block is large. Judgment condition 1: When the distance information of a certain Xn Ym graphite brush is detected to be greater than L1, it proves that the graphite brush has a large amount of wear and needs to be replaced; Judgment condition 2: When the distance information of the same layer of graphite brushes is detected to be greater than L1, it proves that the phase of the collector ring has a fault; Judgment condition three: When it is detected that the distance information of more than half of the graphite brushes is greater than L1 and the wear cycle is significantly reduced, it proves that the collector ring as a whole has a fault.

[0041] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set, characterized in that: It comprises an annular track (1) arranged on the periphery of a collector ring, the annular track (1) being coaxially arranged with the collector ring, a moving device (2) being provided on the annular track (1), and the moving device (2) being used to move along the annular track (1); The mobile device (2) is provided with a positive carbon brush (301) and a negative carbon brush (302); the positive carbon brush (301) is matched with the positive conductive ring (401), and the negative carbon brush (302) is matched with the negative conductive ring (402); the positive conductive ring (401) and the negative conductive ring (402) are used to be electrically connected to a power supply of the monitoring device; A sensor support frame (5) is provided on the mobile device (2), a sensor mounting seat (6) is slidably mounted on the sensor support frame (5), and a distance measuring sensor (7) is mounted on the sensor mounting seat (6); the sensor mounting seat (6) and the distance measuring sensor (7) are driven to move by the lifting device (8).

2. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting device (8) comprises a screw rod (801), the screw rod (801) is driven to rotate by a lifting device driving motor (802), and the lifting device driving motor (802) is arranged on the moving device (2).

3. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor mounting seat (6) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (801), and the sensor mounting seat (6) is connected to the sensor support frame (5) via a slide rail (9).

4. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of adjustable positioning pins (10) are arranged on the inner side of the annular track (1). The adjustable positioning pins (10) are arranged in an annular manner around the axis of the annular track (1). The adjustable positioning pins (10) cooperate with a position switch (11), and the position switch (11) is mounted on the moving device (2).

5. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The single adjustable positioning pin (10) and the graphite brushes in the same vertical row are located in the same plane.

6. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustable positioning needle (10) comprises a double-ear plate (10.1) arranged on the inner wall of the annular track (1), the two ear plates of the double-ear plate (10.1) are simultaneously threadedly connected to the adjusting screw (10.2), a guide rod (10.3) is arranged between the two ear plates, the adjusting screw (10.2) is threadedly matched with the positioning needle (10.4), and the positioning needle (10.4) is slidingly matched with the guide rod (10.3).

7. The graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sensor wire restraint device (12) is provided on a side wall of the sensor support frame (5). The sensor wire restraint device (12) comprises a slide bar frame (12.1) arranged on the side wall of the sensor support frame (5). A plurality of wire clamps (12.2) are slidably provided on the slide bar frame (12.1). The wire clamps (12.2) are used to clamp sensor wires of the distance measuring sensor (7).

8. The graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensor mounting seat (6) comprises a movable base (601), the movable base (601) and the screw rod (801) are threadedly matched, and the movable base (601) is connected to the sensor support frame (5) via a slide rail (9); a transverse groove (602) and a vertical groove (603) are formed on the movable base (601), and the transverse groove (602) and the vertical groove (603) are perpendicular to each other and communicate with each other; the distance measuring sensor (7) is mounted on the circular rod, and the distance measuring sensor (7) and the circular rod are perpendicular to each other; the circular rod is used to be placed on the transverse groove (602), and the distance measuring sensor (7) is used to be clamped in the vertical groove (603), and an elastic sheet or an elastic pad is provided in the vertical groove (603).

9. A graphite brush wear monitoring device for a wind turbine generator set according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting device driving motor (802) is a stepping motor, and the power component of the moving device (2) is a stepping motor. Both stepping motors are controlled by a controller, and the signal input terminal of the controller is connected to the position switch (11).

10. A monitoring method for graphite brush wear monitoring device of a wind turbine generator set according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Number all graphite brushes on the collector ring: Definition 1: Taking one end point of the collector ring as the starting point, the graphite brush located on the same plane as the starting point is the first layer of graphite brushes, denoted as X1, and X2, X3, ... Xn are arranged in sequence along the other end of the collector ring. Definition 2: Select any graphite brush on X1 as the starting point graphite brush, marked as Y1; other graphite brushes on X1 are marked as Y2, Y3, ... Ym in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction; Then the Y1 graphite brush on X1 is numbered as X1 Y1, the Y2 graphite brush on X2 is numbered as X2 Y2, and so on. The composite number of any graphite brush on the collector ring is Xn Ym, and the position of the specific graphite brush can be queried through the composite number; S2. Install the graphite brush wear monitoring device for wind turbine generator sets: ① Install the annular track (1) coaxially with the collector ring; ② Installing adjustable positioning pins (10) on the inner side of the circular track (1), the number of the adjustable positioning pins (10) is m, and the m adjustable positioning pins (10) correspond one-to-one to the positions of the m graphite brushes on X1; ③ Install the sensor support frame (5) perpendicular to the plane where the annular track (1) is located, so that the sensor mounting seat (6) moves back and forth along the axial direction of the collector ring; ④ Installing the position switch (11) so that the position switch (11) can detect the position of the adjustable positioning needle (10); S3. Debug the equipment: ① Ensure that the lifting device drive motor (802) smoothly drives the distance measuring sensor (7) to move up and down, and the lifting device drive motor (802) stops once each time the distance measuring sensor (7) reaches a moving height H; wherein H is equal to the distance between Xn and Xn-1; the distance measuring sensor (7) is used to detect the distance information of the graphite blocks in the graphite brush; ② Ensure that the moving device (2) stops when the position switch (11) on the moving device (2) detects the position of the adjustable positioning needle (10); when the moving device (2) stops, the distance sensor (7) should be flush with the graphite brush in the same axial plane; If the distance measuring sensor (7) is offset, the stop position of the moving device (2) is adjusted by fine-tuning the position of the positioning pin (10.4); S4. Perform online monitoring: ① Using the moving device (2) to drive the distance measuring sensor (7) to rotate around the collector ring, when the position switch (11) detects the position of the first adjustable positioning needle (10), the moving device (2) stops; ② Using the lifting device driving motor (802) to drive the distance measuring sensor (7) to move from X1 to Xn, the distance measuring sensor (7) sequentially detects the distance of all graphite brushes with the composite number XnY1; ③ When the distance measuring sensor (7) completes the detection, it returns to the starting position; ④ The moving device (2) continues to drive the distance measuring sensor (7) to move, and when the position switch (11) detects the position of the second adjustable positioning needle (10), the moving device (2) stops; ⑤ Using the lifting device driving motor (802) to drive the distance measuring sensor (7) to move from X1 to Xn, the distance measuring sensor (7) sequentially detects the distance of all graphite brushes with the composite number XnY2; ⑥ Repeat steps ①-⑤ to complete the distance information of graphite blocks in all graphite brushes; one cycle of online monitoring is completed; ⑦ Repeat step ⑥ to complete several periodic online monitoring; S5. Conduct early warning analysis: When the unit is initially put into operation, the distance sensor (7) is used to measure all graphite brushes for distance detection, and the average value of all measurement points is taken as the reference value, i.e., L0; Set the wear warning value L1. When the measured distance value is greater than L1, it proves that the wear of the graphite block is large. Judgment condition 1: When the distance information of a certain Xn Ym graphite brush is detected to be greater than L1, it proves that the graphite brush has a large amount of wear and needs to be replaced; Judgment condition 2: When the distance information of the same layer of graphite brushes is detected to be greater than L1, it proves that the phase of the collector ring has a fault; Judgment condition three: When it is detected that the distance information of more than half of the graphite brushes is greater than L1 and the wear cycle is significantly reduced, it proves that the collector ring as a whole has a fault.

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