Shield tunneling machine part machining and welding device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, in particular to a shield tunneling machine part machining and welding device which comprises a machine table and a welding gun arranged on the machine table. The dust cover is mounted outside the welding gun head; the exhaust pipe is radially mounted at the bottom of the dust cover and is arranged in the welding seam direction; the exhaust opening is formed in the top of the exhaust pipe in a penetrating mode and located in the dust cover; the air suction port penetrates through the bottom of the air suction pipe; the opening is formed in the bottom of the side, away from the exhaust pipe, of the dust cover and extends towards the bottom end face of the dust cover; according to the device, through the arrangement of the exhaust pipe, external airflow can flow into the dust cover through the opening, smoke generated by welding in the dust cover can be exhausted from the exhaust opening along with the negative pressure of the exhaust pipe, and treatment of the welding smoke is achieved; and meanwhile, negative pressure is also generated at the air suction port, dust at the weld joint of the workpiece is also sucked away, the cleanliness of the weld joint can be ensured while smoke is removed, and the subsequent welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, and in particular to a shield machine parts processing and welding device. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding is a technology that uses a high-energy-density laser beam as a heat source to heat the surface of the workpiece and diffuse it inward, melting the workpiece and generating a specific molten pool to form a weld. Laser welding is often used for welding metal parts to weld two independent parts together to form a whole.

[0003] The existing announcement number CN116851994B discloses an industrial welding robot, which "includes a mechanical arm and a welding structure installed at its execution end, a welding seat is also provided on one side of the mechanical arm, a control host is provided between the mechanical arm and the welding seat, and the welding structure includes a welding gun and a welding slag and smoke cleaning sleeve provided outside thereof. The present invention relates to the technical field of welding robots. The industrial welding robot, by providing a welding slag and welding smoke cleaning sleeve on the outside of the welding gun, can naturally slide down along the welding gun to approach the processing surface of the workpiece, and can inhale air on its inner side during the welding process, thereby inhaling welding slag and welding smoke, and can select the welding area and collect welding slag, thereby preventing welding slag from falling on the surface of the workpiece, thereby eliminating the need for subsequent cleaning work and reducing smoke. The chassis provided at the bottom of the outer side can blow air downward, and can blow dust before the welding track to ensure the cleanliness of the weld, and the opposite side can air cool the weld after welding to accelerate its solidification, and the blowing and suctioning effectively improve the welding environment and quality." However, while the above scheme has many advantages, it also has the following shortcomings: 1. There is a certain distance / gap between the chassis and the workpiece. The fume during welding may overflow from this gap into the processing environment, causing the welding environment to deteriorate. 2. Blowing air outwards through the inclined holes on the chassis can, on the one hand, achieve the effect of cleaning the weld, but it will also blow the dust in the weld before welding into the surrounding environment, causing pollution to the surrounding environment; on the other hand, blowing air through the inclined holes will cause negative pressure to form in the gap between the chassis and the workpiece, further increasing the possibility of the smoke in the welding slag smoke cleaning sleeve being sucked into the external environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a shield machine parts processing and welding device, which can realize dust cleaning in the weld before welding and fume treatment during welding, thereby reducing environmental pollution. The specific scheme is as follows: A shield machine parts processing and welding device includes a machine platform and a welding gun arranged on the machine platform; it also includes a dust cover installed on the outside of the welding gun head; wherein, during welding, the bottom end of the dust cover fits against the surface of the workpiece to form a closed dust-proof space inside; an exhaust pipe is radially installed at the bottom of the dust cover and arranged along the direction of the weld; an exhaust port is penetrated through the top of the exhaust pipe and is located inside the dust cover; an air intake port is penetrated through the bottom of the exhaust pipe; an opening is arranged at the bottom of the dust cover away from the exhaust pipe, and the opening extends out toward the bottom end surface of the dust cover.

[0005] Furthermore, a slag guide pipe is installed in the middle of the bottom end of the dust cover; the slag guide pipe is a conical tube body with a wide upper opening and a narrow lower opening; a welding slag storage space is formed between the slag guide pipe and the inner wall of the dust cover.

[0006] Furthermore, the welding gun is externally covered with a sleeve located above the dust cover; the sleeve is filled with circulating cooling water.

[0007] Furthermore, one side of the casing is connected to an air injection pipe; an induced draft fan is also installed on the machine platform, the input end of the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust pipe, and the output end of the induced draft fan is connected to the air injection pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the sleeve is also connected to an exhaust pipe, and the bottom opening of the exhaust pipe is always located above the liquid level of the cooling water in the sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the gas injection pipe includes a vertical pipe portion, the pipe opening of the vertical pipe portion is located above the liquid level of the cooling water in the casing, and the pipe opening is connected to the output end of the induced draft fan.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas injection pipe also includes a transverse tube portion, which is entirely located inside the sleeve, and the tube opening faces the inner wall of the sleeve that is in contact with the welding gun.

[0011] Furthermore, a bubble breaking cone is installed on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the pointed part of the bubble breaking cone is directly opposite to the center of the pipe opening of the horizontal pipe part.

[0012] Furthermore, a baffle plate located below the cooling water surface is installed in the sleeve, and the baffle plate is entirely located above the bubble breaking cone.

[0013] Furthermore, a blow pipe located in the opening is installed at the bottom of the dust cover, and the blow pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe at the top of the sleeve through a hose; wherein the blow pipe is arranged at an angle as a whole, and the air outlet faces the inside of the dust cover.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can at least achieve the following beneficial effects: The device can make the external air flow flow into the dust cover through the opening by setting the exhaust pipe, and the fume generated by welding in the dust cover will be sucked away from the exhaust port with the negative pressure of the exhaust pipe, so as to achieve the treatment of welding fume; At the same time, negative pressure is also generated at the air intake port to suck away the dust at the weld of the workpiece, which can not only remove the fume, but also ensure the cleanliness of the weld and improve the quality of subsequent welding. Moreover, after welding, the welding spot / weld will be convex upwards. At this time, the opening not only reserves space for external gas to flow into the dust cover, but also allows the convexity at the weld to pass through, so as to ensure that the dust cover can always fit the surface of the workpiece during continuous welding, thereby improving the removal effect of smoke; Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is in contact with the surface of the workpiece as a whole and covers the weld as a whole; when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the exhaust pipe, the temperature of the flue gas will be transmitted to the workpiece (weld) through the exhaust pipe, so that the workpiece can be preheated, thereby reducing the temperature gradient (temperature difference) between the welded workpieces in the welding area. In this way, on the one hand, the welding stress is reduced, and on the other hand, the welding strain rate is reduced, which is conducive to avoiding welding cracks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dust cover of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure.

[0018] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the air extraction pipe of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front view structure.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the sleeve of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the local structure.

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the top cross-sectional structure of the dust cover of the present invention.

[0024] The reference numerals are as follows: 001, workpiece; 002, weld; 100. Machine; 101. Welding gun; 200, dust cover; 201, exhaust pipe; 202, exhaust port; 203, air inlet; 204, opening; 205, slag guide pipe; 300, casing; 301, gas injection pipe; 301a, vertical pipe portion; 301b, horizontal pipe portion; 302, exhaust pipe; 303, bubble breaking cone; 304, baffle plate; 305, blowing pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a shield machine parts processing and welding device, which is mainly used for welding two plate-like parts, specifically, the end faces of the two plates are attached together, and the junction between the two is the weld 002. The two plates are welded together by a welding gun 101 facing the weld 002. For this purpose, the present application includes a machine 100 and a welding gun 101 arranged on the machine 100. The module on the machine 100 can control the welding gun 101 to move linearly along the length direction of the machine 100 or move up and down in the height direction to ensure that the welding gun 101 can weld the weld 002 between the two workpieces 001. The above is an existing known technology and will not be repeated; like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the welding device in the present application also includes a dust cover 200, an exhaust pipe 201, an exhaust port 202, an air inlet 203 and an opening 204; wherein the dust cover 200 is installed on the outside of the welding gun 101 gun head, wherein during welding, the external module can control the welding gun 101 and the dust cover 200 to move down to the welding position, at which time the bottom end of the dust cover 200 is in contact with the surface of the workpiece 001, and the interior of the dust cover 200 in contact with the surface of the workpiece 101 forms a relatively closed dust-proof space; and the exhaust pipe 201 is radially installed at the bottom of the dust cover 200, The bottom end surfaces of the two are flush, and the exhaust pipe 201 is arranged along the direction of the weld 002 as a whole (that is, it is located above the weld 002); the exhaust port 202 is set through the top of the exhaust pipe 201 and is located inside the dust cover 200; the suction port 203 is set through the bottom of the exhaust pipe 201, and the exhaust pipe 201 is in contact with the surface of the workpiece 001 at this time, and the suction port 203 covers the weld 002 as a whole; the opening 204 is set at the bottom of the dust cover 200 away from the exhaust pipe 201 side, and the opening 204 is extended toward the bottom end surface of the dust cover 200; When working: Figure 3 As shown, the dust cover 200 moves downward / linearly with the welding gun 101. When the welding gun 101 moves downward to the welding position, the bottom end of the dust cover 200 fits the surface of the workpiece 001, and then the welding gun 101 / dust cover 200 moves linearly along the direction of the weld 002 to perform welding; In the process, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the exhaust pipe 201 acts and continuously sucks the gas inside the dust cover 200, and the external air flows into the dust cover 200 through the opening 204. The smoke generated by welding in the dust cover 200 will be sucked away from the exhaust port 202 along with the negative pressure of the exhaust pipe 201. At the same time, negative pressure is also generated at the suction port 203 to suck away the dust at the weld 002 of the workpiece 001. While removing the smoke, the weld 002 can also be kept clean, thereby improving the quality of subsequent welding. And, if Figure 4 As shown, after welding, the welding spot / weld 002 is formed with an upward protrusion. At this time, the setting of the opening 204 not only reserves space for external gas to flow into the dust cover 200, but also allows the protrusion at the weld 002 to pass through, thereby ensuring that the dust cover 200 can always fit the surface of the workpiece 001 during continuous welding, thereby improving the fume removal effect; The difference is that, Figure 4As shown, the exhaust pipe 201 as a whole is also in contact with the surface of the workpiece 001, and the whole covers the weld 002; when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the exhaust pipe 201, the temperature of the flue gas will be transmitted to the workpiece 001 (weld 002) through the exhaust pipe 201, so that the workpiece 001 can be preheated (it is worth noting that laser welding is a slow process, so the exhaust pipe 201 can be in contact with the workpiece 001 in the welding area for a long time, in other words, it can achieve a better heat exchange and preheating effect), thereby reducing the temperature gradient (temperature difference) between the welded workpieces 001 in the welding area. In this way, on the one hand, the welding stress is reduced, and on the other hand, the welding strain rate is reduced, which is conducive to avoiding the generation of welding cracks; Compared with the prior art, the dust cover 200 and the workpiece 001 form a relatively closed space, and the "inhalation method" is used to remove smoke and clean the weld 002, so that dust and smoke will not diffuse in the surrounding environment, and the effect is better; at the same time, the action of conveying smoke by the exhaust pipe 302 is fully utilized to preheat the workpiece 001, thereby reducing welding cracks.

[0027] Reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a slag guide pipe 205 is installed at the middle of the bottom end of the dust cover 200; the slag guide pipe 205 is a conical tube body with a wide upper opening and a narrow lower opening; a welding slag storage space is formed between the slag guide pipe 205 and the inner wall of the dust cover 200; During operation: welding slag splashing around can be guided to the inner wall of the dust cover 200 through the slag guide pipe 205, and then the welding slag falls into the welding slag storage space by gravity for temporary storage. The collected welding slag can be cleaned up later by disassembling the dust cover 200.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the welding gun 101 is covered with a sleeve 300 located above the dust cover 200; the sleeve 300 is filled with circulating cooling water, and the cooling water can be circulated by an external water pump. This circulation can be a timed circulation or a continuous circulation, which can be determined according to actual production needs; During operation: the welding gun 101 body can be cooled by circulating the cooling water, thereby reducing the temperature generated by the internal components and increasing the service life of the internal components.

[0029] Reference Figure 6 As shown, one side of the casing 300 is connected to the gas injection pipe 301; an induced draft fan (not shown in the figure, it is a well-known technology and will not be described again) is also installed on the machine 100, the input end of the induced draft fan is connected to the exhaust pipe 201, and the output end of the induced draft fan is connected to the gas injection pipe 301; During operation: the induced draft fan can generate negative pressure in the exhaust pipe 201, thereby achieving the effect of extracting smoke, and the extracted smoke and dust can be transferred through the induced draft fan and transported from the gas injection pipe 301 to the casing 300 to contact with cooling water, and the input dust-containing gas can be cleaned by the cooling water in the casing 300, thereby achieving the effect of gas dust removal; Furthermore, the cooling water in the sleeve 300 can circulate, so that the cleaning water in contact with the dusty gas is relatively clean, thus avoiding the problem of reduced cleaning efficiency due to excessive turbidity of the cooling water; That is to say, the cooling water in the sleeve 300 can not only cool the internal components of the welding gun 101, but also filter the dust-containing gas.

[0030] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the top of the sleeve 300 is also connected to an exhaust pipe 302, and the bottom opening 204 of the exhaust pipe 302 is always located above the liquid level of the cooling water in the sleeve 300; During operation: As the welding operation continues, the gas injected into the sleeve 300 increases continuously. Through the setting of the exhaust pipe 302 at the top of the sleeve 300, the gas filtered by cooling water can be directly output from the exhaust pipe 302, so that the welding and dust removal operations can continue.

[0031] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the gas injection pipe 301 includes a vertical pipe portion 301a, the pipe opening of the vertical pipe portion 301a is located above the liquid level of the cooling water in the casing 300, and the pipe opening is connected to the output end of the induced draft fan; During operation: After the welding operation is completed, the gas injection pipe 301 stops injecting gas into the sleeve 300. Since the mouth of the vertical pipe portion 301a is located above the liquid level of the cooling water in the sleeve 300, the cooling water in the sleeve 300 will not overflow from this mouth.

[0032] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the gas injection pipe 301 further includes a transverse pipe portion 301b, which is entirely located inside the sleeve 300, and the pipe opening faces the inner wall of the sleeve 300 that is in contact with the welding gun 101; During operation, the gas input through the gas injection pipe 301 will be sprayed toward the inner wall of the sleeve 300 when passing through the horizontal pipe portion 301b, and the sleeve 300 and the welding gun 101 are arranged in a columnar shape. Figure 7 and Figure 3As shown, that is to say, an annular liquid cavity is formed in the sleeve 300, and the dust-containing gas will be relatively distributed in the entire annular liquid cavity at this time, and then the gas will move up and float to the surface of the water; and the setting of the transverse tube portion 301b, on the one hand, can increase the movement path of the dust-containing gas in the water, that is, first move horizontally and then move upward, and at the same time, it also increases the contact between the dust-containing gas and the cooling water at different positions, thereby improving the contact time between the gas and the cooling water, and the cleaning effect after contact; on the other hand, since the nozzle of the transverse tube portion 301b is toward the welding gun 101 instead of the bottom of the sleeve 300, the gas output by the transverse tube portion 301b will reduce the disturbance of impurities deposited at the bottom of the sleeve 300, thereby providing a relatively clean and efficient filtering environment for the dust-containing gas, and improving the cleaning and filtering effect of the dust-containing gas in contact with relatively clean cooling water.

[0033] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 3 As shown, a bubble breaking cone 303 is also installed on the inner wall of the sleeve 300, and the spike portion of the bubble breaking cone 303 is directly opposite to the center of the tube opening of the horizontal tube portion 301b; During operation: the gas input from the gas injection pipe 301 will form bubbles under the cooling water. At this time, there is a possibility that dust will float to the surface together with the bubbles, which will lead to a reduction in the filtering effect of the cooling water on the dust-containing gas; however, the bubble breaking cone 303 is facing the center of the pipe mouth of the horizontal tube part 301b of the gas injection pipe 301. The bubbles generated at this time will touch the spiked part of the bubble breaking cone 303, thereby bursting the bubbles, thereby improving the cleaning and filtering effect of the cooling water on the dust-containing gas.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a baffle plate 304 located below the cooling water surface is also installed in the sleeve 300. The baffle plate 304 is specifically an annular filter plate that fits the inner wall of the sleeve 300, and the baffle plate 304 is located above the bubble breaking cone 303 as a whole. During operation: after the bubbles come into contact with the bubble breaking cone 303, there are also bubbles of different sizes that have not broken and float up in the cooling water. These bubbles will be blocked by the baffle plate 304 during the floating process, so that the larger bubbles will be blocked under the baffle plate 304, so that the bubbles / dust-containing gas can fully contact with the cooling water, so that the particles and dust in the flue gas can be absorbed by the water, further improving the filtering effect of the flue gas and dust.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 4As shown, a blowing pipe 305 located in the opening 204 is also installed at the bottom of the dust cover 200, and the blowing pipe 305 is connected to the exhaust pipe 302 at the top of the sleeve 300 through a hose; wherein the blowing pipe 305 is arranged as a whole tilted, and the air outlet faces the inside of the dust cover 200, and the tilt angle in the figure is only for illustration, and the tilt angle can be adjusted according to actual needs; During operation: on the basis of the filtered gas being output from the exhaust pipe 302, the exhausted gas can be guided to the blowing pipe 305 through the hose, so that the blowing pipe 305 produces continuous blowing to cool the welding point of the workpiece 001. Without adding additional cooling equipment, the gas output from the exhaust pipe 302 is reasonably used to cool the welding point, thereby reducing energy consumption; At the same time, after the air outlet of the blowing pipe 305 blows toward the welding point and cools down, a continuous airflow will be blown into the dust cover 200 through the opening 204, thereby preventing the smoke that is not extracted by the exhaust pipe 201 in time from overflowing from the opening 204 to the outside of the dust cover 200, further improving the smoke collection effect of the exhaust pipe 201.

[0036] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shield machine parts processing and welding device, comprising a machine platform (100) and a welding gun (101) arranged on the machine platform (100); characterized in that: Also includes, A dust cover (200) is installed on the outside of the welding gun (101) head; During welding, the bottom end of the dust cover (200) is in contact with the surface of the workpiece (001), so that a closed dust-proof space is formed inside the workpiece; An exhaust pipe (201) is radially mounted on the bottom of the dust cover (200) and arranged along the direction of the weld (002); An air extraction port (202) is provided through the top of the air extraction pipe (201) and is located inside the dust cover (200); An air intake port (203) is provided through the bottom of the air extraction pipe (201); The opening (204) is arranged at the bottom of the dust cover (200) on a side away from the exhaust pipe (201), and the opening (204) extends toward the bottom end surface of the dust cover (200).

2. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag guide pipe (205) is installed at the middle of the bottom end of the dust cover (200); The slag guiding pipe (205) is in the form of a conical tube with a wide upper opening and a narrow lower opening; A welding slag storage space is formed between the slag guiding pipe (205) and the inner wall of the dust cover (200).

3. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welding gun (101) is externally covered with a sleeve (300) located above the dust cover (200); Cooling water that can circulate is injected into the sleeve (300).

4. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the sleeve (300) is connected to a gas injection pipe (301); An induced draft fan is also installed on the machine (100), the input end of the induced draft fan is connected to the air extraction pipe (201), and the output end of the induced draft fan is connected to the air injection pipe (301).

5. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the sleeve (300) is also connected to an exhaust pipe (302), and the bottom opening (204) of the exhaust pipe (302) is always located above the liquid level of cooling water in the sleeve (300).

6. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas injection pipe (301) comprises a vertical pipe portion (301a), the pipe opening of the vertical pipe portion (301a) is located above the liquid surface of the cooling water in the sleeve (300), and the pipe opening is connected to the output end of the induced draft fan.

7. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The gas injection pipe (301) further comprises a transverse pipe portion (301b), the transverse pipe portion (301b) being entirely located inside the sleeve (300), and the pipe opening being oriented toward the inner wall of the sleeve (300) in contact with the welding gun (101).

8. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A bubble breaking cone (303) is also installed on the inner wall of the sleeve (300), and the pointed portion of the bubble breaking cone (303) is directly opposite to the center of the tube opening of the horizontal tube portion (301b).

9. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A baffle plate (304) located below the cooling water surface is also installed in the sleeve (300), and the baffle plate (304) is located above the bubble breaking cone (303) as a whole.

10. The shield machine parts processing and welding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the dust cover (200) is also provided with a blowing pipe (305) located in the opening (204), and the blowing pipe (305) is connected to the exhaust pipe (302) at the top of the sleeve (300) through a hose; The blowing pipe (305) is arranged as a whole at an inclination, and the air outlet faces the interior of the dust cover (200).

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