TFB gasification incinerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a TFB gasification incinerator, and relates to the technical field of gasification combustion, and the TFB gasification incinerator comprises a gasification chamber, a combustion chamber, a first heat exchange chamber, a separator and a second heat exchange chamber. Wherein the combustion chamber is located above the gasification chamber, and the bottom of the combustion chamber is communicated with the top of the gasification chamber. The first heat exchange chamber is arranged on the horizontal side of the combustion chamber, and the top of the first heat exchange chamber communicates with the top of the combustion chamber. The separator is arranged on the horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber and communicates with the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber. The second heat exchange chamber is arranged on the horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber and located above the separator, and the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber communicates with the separator. According to the TFB gasification incinerator, the structure is compact so that the occupied area can be reduced, the space utilization rate in the second heat exchange chamber can be increased, and meanwhile the problems of ash deposition and slag bonding of the convection heating surface in the second heat exchange chamber can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of gasification and combustion, and in particular to a TFB gasification incinerator. Background Art

[0002] Incineration of solid waste has been widely promoted and applied around the world due to its advantages of high efficiency, rapidity, significant volume reduction, and high energy efficiency. At present, there are three main types of incinerators: grate furnaces, rotary kilns, and fluidized beds. Grate incinerators have high initial investment, high maintenance requirements, large size, and poor initial emissions; rotary kiln incinerators require an afterburner, which occupies a large area, has a high cost, and low processing capacity. Circulating fluidized beds have large processing capacity and low initial investment, but poor combustion stability and poor initial emissions. As an upgrade technology for circulating fluidized bed incinerators, turbulent fluidized bed (TFB) gasification incineration technology is a rapidly developing incineration technology in recent years. It has high heat and mass transfer efficiency, large heat capacity, small size, and is easy to efficiently control NO. x It has the advantages of reducing the emission of SO2, and is more suitable for treating solid waste with low calorific value and high moisture content, and its ash thermal loss rate is significantly lower than that of grate incinerators and rotary kiln incinerators. The existing TFB gasification incinerator is large in size, resulting in a large footprint and high installation and manufacturing costs.

[0003] In the patent with application number CN202210681582.9, a dual-medium TFB gasification incinerator is disclosed. Among them, the flue gas directly enters the gas-solid separator from the heat exchange section of the furnace body, and the flue gas after passing through the gas-solid separator directly enters the waste heat recovery device. The flow path of the flue gas for heat exchange is short, and the furnace body, gas-solid separator and waste heat recovery device are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, and the space utilization rate of the gas-solid separator in the vertical direction is low. In addition, this arrangement has a disadvantage. When a convection heating surface (such as a superheater, an evaporation screen or a high-temperature economizer) is arranged in the channel in front of the gas-solid separator, due to the high ash content of the flue gas, the convection heating surface is prone to ash accumulation and slagging, thereby affecting the flue gas flow and heat exchange. In severe cases, the furnace has to be stopped for cleaning.

[0004] In the patent with application number CN202011221027.5, a TFB gasification incinerator is disclosed, which includes a gasification chamber, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a separator and a waste heat recovery device arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, resulting in a large length of the TFB gasification incinerator along the horizontal direction. Since the volume of the separator is relatively smaller than the volume of the gasification chamber, the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber and the waste heat recovery device, the vacant space under the separator is large, and the structure of the TFB gasification incinerator is not compact enough, and the same problems as mentioned above also exist. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a TFB gasification incinerator, which has a relatively compact structure to reduce the floor space, can improve the space utilization rate in the second heat exchange chamber, and can also improve the ash and slagging problem on the convection heating surface in the second heat exchange chamber.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the TFB gasification incinerator includes: a gasification chamber; a combustion chamber, wherein the combustion chamber is located above the gasification chamber, and the bottom of the combustion chamber is connected to the top of the gasification chamber; a first heat exchange chamber, wherein the first heat exchange chamber is arranged on a horizontal side of the combustion chamber, and the top of the first heat exchange chamber is connected to the top of the combustion chamber; a separator, wherein the separator is arranged on a horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber, and the separator is connected to the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber; a second heat exchange chamber, wherein the second heat exchange chamber is arranged on a horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber and is located above the separator, and the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber is connected to the separator.

[0007] According to the TFB gasification incinerator of the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the separator between the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber, and the separator is located below the second heat exchange chamber, the space below the second heat exchange chamber can be utilized, thereby improving the compactness of the structure of the TFB gasification incinerator. Compared with the structure in which the first heat exchange chamber, the second heat exchange chamber and the separator are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, the floor space required for arranging the separator can be saved. Thus, the floor space required for the overall arrangement of the TFB gasification incinerator can be reduced, or the cross-sectional area of ​​the gasification chamber, the combustion chamber, the first heat exchange chamber, the separator or the second heat exchange chamber in the horizontal direction, that is, the flow area of ​​the gas in the TFB gasification incinerator, can be increased, thereby increasing the capacity of the TFB gasification incinerator. At the same time, under the more compact structure of the first heat exchange chamber, the separator and the second heat exchange chamber, the length of the connecting section between the first heat exchange chamber, the separator and the second heat exchange chamber can be reduced, thereby reducing the material and processing manufacturing costs of the connecting section. In addition, the flue gas enters the second heat exchange chamber after passing through the separator from the first heat exchange chamber, which can reduce the fly ash content of the flue gas entering the second heat exchange chamber, thereby reducing or avoiding the impact of the fly ash on the devices in the second heat exchange chamber, and reducing or avoiding the slagging and blockage problem caused by excessive ash accumulation in the second heat exchange chamber. Therefore, the space in the second heat exchange chamber can be used to arrange different devices (for example, heat exchange devices), further improving the space utilization rate in the second heat exchange chamber.

[0008] In some embodiments, the TFB gasification incinerator further includes: a superheater, wherein the superheater is disposed in the second heat exchange chamber, and the superheater at least includes a steam pipe disposed in the second heat exchange chamber.

[0009] In some embodiments, at least one of the bottom wall, the side wall and the top wall of the second heat exchange chamber is a heat exchange surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the TFB gasification incinerator includes a plurality of the separators, and the plurality of the separators are respectively connected to the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second heat exchange chamber is provided with an ash outlet at the bottom, and the ash outlet surrounds the connection position between the separator and the second heat exchange chamber.

[0012] In some embodiments, the combustion chamber shares a side wall with the first heat exchange chamber; and / or, the second heat exchange chamber shares a side wall with the first heat exchange chamber.

[0013] In some embodiments, the gasification chamber includes a gradually converging section and a gradually expanding section, the gradually expanding section is located above the gradually converging section, and in the vertical downward direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gradually expanding section gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the gradually converging section gradually decreases.

[0014] In some embodiments, the TFB gasification incinerator further includes a first feeding device and a second feeding device, the first feeding device and the second feeding device convey materials into the gasification chamber at different heights within the gasification chamber, and the first feeding device is higher than the second feeding device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the TFB gasification incinerator further includes: a cooling chamber, the top of the cooling chamber is connected to the top of the second heat exchange chamber, and a flue gas outlet is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber.

[0016] Furthermore, the TFB gasification incinerator further comprises: an economizer and an air preheater, wherein the economizer and the air preheater are arranged in the cooling chamber and / or the second heat exchange chamber, and the air preheater is arranged between the flue gas outlet and the economizer.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a TFB gasification incinerator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a TFB gasification incinerator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3A schematic structural diagram of a TFB gasification incinerator according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a TFB gasification incinerator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference numerals:

[0024] TFB gasification incinerator 100,

[0025] Gasification chamber 10, gradually contracting section 11, gradually expanding section 12,

[0026] Combustion chamber 20,

[0027] The first heat exchange chamber 30,

[0028] Separator 40, center tube 41,

[0029] The second heat exchange chamber 50,

[0030] Superheater 61, economizer 62, air preheater 63,

[0031] Ash outlet 70,

[0032] The first feeding device 81, the second feeding device 82,

[0033] Cooling chamber 90 and smoke outlet 91. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] The following describes a TFB gasification incinerator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, the TFB gasification incinerator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a gasification chamber 10, a combustion chamber 20, a first heat exchange chamber 30, a separator 40 and a second heat exchange chamber 50. The combustion chamber 20 is located above the gasification chamber 10, and the bottom of the combustion chamber 20 is connected to the top of the gasification chamber 10. The first heat exchange chamber 30 is arranged on a horizontal side of the combustion chamber 20, and the top of the first heat exchange chamber 30 is connected to the top of the combustion chamber 20. The separator 40 is arranged on a horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber 30, and the separator 40 is connected to the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber 30. The second heat exchange chamber 50 is arranged on a horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber 30, and is located above the separator 40, and the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber 50 is connected to the separator 40.

[0039] It should be noted that the TFB gasification incinerator 100 is a large-scale gasification incinerator, and the height of a larger-sized TFB gasification incinerator 100 can even reach 30m-40m. In other words, the space volume occupied by the TFB gasification incinerator 100 is large, and its floor area is also large. Moreover, as the size of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 increases, the material cost of manufacturing the TFB gasification incinerator 100 is also large.

[0040] Thus, by arranging the separator 40 between the first heat exchange chamber 30 and the second heat exchange chamber 50, and the separator 40 is located below the second heat exchange chamber 50, the space below the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be utilized, thereby improving the compactness of the structure of the TFB gasification incinerator 100. Compared with the structure in which the first heat exchange chamber 30, the second heat exchange chamber 50 and the separator 40 are arranged in sequence in the horizontal direction, the floor space required for arranging the separator 40 can be saved. Thus, the floor space required for the overall arrangement of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 can be reduced, or the cross-sectional area of ​​the gasification chamber 10, the combustion chamber 20, the first heat exchange chamber 30, the separator 40 or the second heat exchange chamber 50 in the horizontal direction, that is, the flow area of ​​the gas in the TFB gasification incinerator 100, can be increased, thereby increasing the capacity of the TFB gasification incinerator 100.

[0041] At the same time, with a more compact structure of the first heat exchange chamber 30, the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50, the length of the connecting section between the first heat exchange chamber 30, the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be reduced, thereby reducing the material and processing costs of the connecting section.

[0042] In addition, the flue gas enters the second heat exchange chamber 50 after passing through the separator 40 from the first heat exchange chamber 30, which can reduce the fly ash content of the flue gas entering the second heat exchange chamber 50, thereby reducing or avoiding the impact of the fly ash on the devices in the second heat exchange chamber 50, and reducing or avoiding the ash accumulation and slagging problem on the convection heating surface in the second heat exchange chamber 50. Therefore, the space in the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be used to arrange different devices (for example, heat exchange devices), further improving the space utilization rate in the second heat exchange chamber 50.

[0043] There is no limitation on the type of the heat exchange device arranged in the second heat exchange chamber 50 .

[0044] The TFB gasification incinerator 100 of the present application can improve the compactness of the structure of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 and reduce the cost of its manufacturing and installation by arranging the separator 40 between the first heat exchange chamber 30 and the second heat exchange chamber 50, and the separator 40 is located below the second heat exchange chamber 50. At the same time, under the premise of ensuring the heat exchange effect on the flue gas, the fly ash content of the flue gas in the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be reduced, and the utilization rate and flexibility of the space in the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be improved.

[0045] In the present application, there is no limitation on the type of the separator 40. For example, the separator 40 is configured as a cyclone separator.

[0046] In some embodiments, the TFB gasification incinerator 100 includes a support frame (not shown in the figure) for supporting the gasification chamber 10, the combustion chamber 20, the first heat exchange chamber 30, the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50, wherein at least part of the support frame of the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50 is shared.

[0047] It is understandable that due to the large size of the TFB gasification incineration, in actual applications, it is necessary to set support frames for the first heat exchange chamber 30, the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50, and the size of the support frames is also large. When the first heat exchange chamber 30, the second heat exchange chamber 50 and the separator 40 are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction, the first heat exchange chamber 30, the second heat exchange chamber 50 and the separator 40 are respectively provided with support frames.

[0048] Therefore, in the structure where the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50 are arranged up and down, at least part of the support frames of the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50 are shared, which can reduce the number of support frames set, thereby reducing the cost required to set up the support frames and reducing the overall cost of the TFB gasification incinerator 100.

[0049] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the TFB gasification incinerator 100 further includes: a superheater 61 , which is disposed in the second heat exchange chamber 50 , and the superheater 61 at least includes a steam pipe disposed in the second heat exchange chamber 50 .

[0050] It is understandable that filtering the flue gas through the separator 40 before entering the second heat exchange chamber 50 can reduce the fly ash in the flue gas entering the second heat exchange chamber 50, thereby reducing or avoiding problems such as ash accumulation, slagging and blockage in the superheater 61 of the second heat exchange chamber 50.

[0051] Thus, the superheater 61 can utilize the heat of the flue gas in the second heat exchange chamber 50 to heat the steam pipe, and in the process of heating the steam, the heat of the flue gas is transferred to the steam, so that the steam can take away the heat of the flue gas, thereby reducing the flue gas temperature in the second heat exchange chamber 50. That is, while utilizing the heat of the flue gas in the second heat exchange chamber 50 to heat the steam, the heat exchanger is utilized to reduce the flue gas temperature in the second heat exchange chamber 50.

[0052] In some embodiments, at least one of the bottom wall, side wall and top wall of the second heat exchange chamber 50 is a heat exchange surface. Thus, the efficiency of reducing the flue gas temperature in the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be improved, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the second heat exchange chamber 50 and further reducing the manufacturing and installation cost of the TFB gasification incinerator 100.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the separator 40 includes a central tube 41 for communicating with the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber 50, and the flue gas enters the second heat exchange chamber 50 through the central tube 41. The central tube 41 is at least partially located in the cavity of the separator 40, and the outer peripheral area of ​​the central tube 41 located in the separator 40 is larger than the minimum flow area between the first heat exchange chamber 30 and the separator 40.

[0054] It should be noted that the flue gas in the separator 40 flows into the central tube 41 through the outer peripheral surface of the central tube 41 .

[0055] In this way, the resistance encountered by the flue gas in the separator 40 when flowing through the central tube 41 to the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be reduced, thereby improving the flow smoothness of the flue gas flowing from the first heat exchange chamber 30 through the separator 40 and into the second heat exchange chamber 50.

[0056] In some embodiments, the TFB gasification incinerator 100 includes a plurality of separators 40 , and the plurality of separators 40 are connected to the first heat exchange chamber 30 and the second heat exchange chamber 50 , respectively.

[0057] In this way, the flow channel of the flue gas from the first heat exchange chamber 30 through the separator 40 to the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be enlarged, thereby improving the flow efficiency of the flue gas. In addition, providing multiple separators 40 can simultaneously perform gas-solid separation on more flue gases, thereby improving the ash removal effect on the flue gas.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the second heat exchange chamber 50 is provided with an ash outlet 70 at the bottom, and the ash outlet 70 surrounds the connection position between the separator 40 and the second heat exchange chamber 50 .

[0059] It is understandable that the separator 40 is difficult to completely remove the fly ash in the flue gas, and a small amount of fly ash still remains in the flue gas entering the second heat exchange chamber 50 through the separator 40, and the fly ash easily settles to the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber 50. During the long-term use of the TFB gasification incinerator 100, the fly ash settled at the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber 50 is likely to increase and accumulate.

[0060] Thus, the ash outlet 70 can be used to discharge the fly ash settled at the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber 50 , thereby reducing or avoiding excessive accumulation of fly ash in the second heat exchange chamber 50 during long-term use of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 .

[0061] Further, when the separator 40 includes a central tube 41 , the ash outlet 70 is disposed around the central tube 41 at the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber 50 .

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the combustion chamber 20 shares a side wall with the first heat exchange chamber 30, or the second heat exchange chamber 50 shares a side wall with the first heat exchange chamber 30, or the combustion chamber 20 shares a side wall with the first heat exchange chamber 30 while the second heat exchange chamber 50 shares another side wall with the first heat exchange chamber 30.

[0063] Thus, the structural compactness among the combustion chamber 20 , the first heat exchange chamber 30 , and the second heat exchange chamber 50 can be improved, and the volume of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 can be further reduced.

[0064] At the same time, the number of side walls that need to be provided can be reduced, thereby reducing the installation and manufacturing cost of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 .

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the gasification chamber 10 includes a gradually contracting section 11 and a gradually expanding section 12. The gradually expanding section 12 is located above the gradually contracting section 11. In the vertical downward direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gradually expanding section 12 gradually increases, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the gradually contracting section 11 gradually decreases.

[0066] As a result, the combustion gas or material in the gasification chamber 10 can circulate in the vertical direction, thereby improving the gasification efficiency in the gasification chamber 10 .

[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it also includes a first feeding device 81 and a second feeding device 82 . The first feeding device 81 and the second feeding device 82 transport materials into the gasification chamber 10 at different heights of the gasification chamber 10 , and the first feeding device 81 is higher than the second feeding device 82 .

[0068] It should be noted that the material is the fuel that is gasified and burned in the gasification chamber 10, and its type is not limited. For example, the material is domestic garbage or sludge.

[0069] It is understandable that the first feeding device 81 and the second feeding device 82 are used to transport different types of materials. In the present application, there is no limitation on the types of materials transported by the first feeding device 81 and the second feeding device 82. For example, the first feeding device 81 is used to transport wet materials, such as sludge; and the second feeding device 82 is used to transport dry materials, such as domestic garbage.

[0070] In some embodiments, Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the TFB gasification incinerator 100 further includes: a cooling chamber 90 , wherein the top of the cooling chamber 90 is connected to the top of the second heat exchange chamber 50 , and a flue gas outlet 91 is disposed at the bottom of the cooling chamber 90 .

[0071] Therefore, after the flue gas in the second heat exchange chamber 50 enters the cooling chamber 90 , the cooling chamber 90 can further dissipate heat from the flue gas, so that the cooled flue gas is discharged from the TFB gasification incinerator 100 from the flue gas outlet 91 .

[0072] Preferably, ash outlets 70 are provided at the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber 30 , the separator 40 and the cooling chamber 90 .

[0073] Furthermore, the TFB gasification incinerator 100 further includes: an economizer 62 and an air preheater 63 , and the air preheater 63 is disposed between the flue gas outlet 91 and the economizer 62 .

[0074] It is understandable that the flue gas temperature in the second heat exchange chamber 50 and the cooling chamber 90 decreases as the distance from the flue gas outlet 91 decreases. However, the heat exchange medium temperature in the economizer 62 is greater than the heat exchange temperature required by the air preheater 63 .

[0075] Therefore, the air preheater 63 is arranged between the flue gas outlet 91 and the economizer 62 so that the flue gas temperature at the economizer 62 is greater than the flue gas temperature at the air preheater 63 , which can improve the heat exchange effect between the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 .

[0076] In the present application, the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 have different layout schemes in the second heat exchange chamber 50 and the cooling chamber 90. Figure 1In the example of FIG. 1 , the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 are arranged in the cooling chamber 90. Alternatively, in Figure 4 In the example of FIG. 5 , the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 are arranged in the second heat exchange chamber 50. Alternatively, in Figure 2 , Figure 3 In the example, the economizer 62 is disposed in the second heat exchange chamber 50 , and the air preheater 63 is disposed in the cooling chamber 90 .

[0077] That is, the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 can be flexibly arranged with the second heat exchange chamber 50 or the cooling chamber 90 according to demand.

[0078] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, when the TFB gasification incinerator 100 includes a superheater 61, the superheater 61, the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 are sequentially arranged along the flow direction of the flue gas.

[0079] exist Figure 1 In the example, the superheater 61 is disposed in the second heat exchange chamber 50 , and the economizer 62 and the air preheater 63 are disposed in the cooling chamber 90 .

[0080] exist Figure 3 In the example, the superheater 61 and the economizer 62 are arranged in the second heat exchange chamber 50, and the air preheater 63 is arranged in the cooling chamber 90.

[0081] Preferably, at least part of the inner walls of the gasification chamber 10, the combustion chamber 20, the first heat exchange chamber 30 and the separator 40 are covered with refractory materials.

[0082] Other structures and operations of the TFB gasification incinerator 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0083] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A TFB gasification incinerator, characterized in that: include: Gasification chamber (10); a combustion chamber (20), the combustion chamber (20) being located above the gasification chamber (10), the bottom of the combustion chamber (20) being in communication with the top of the gasification chamber (10); A first heat exchange chamber (30), the first heat exchange chamber (30) being arranged on a horizontal side of the combustion chamber (20), and the top of the first heat exchange chamber (30) being communicated with the top of the combustion chamber (20); a separator (40), the separator (40) being disposed on a horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber (30), the separator (40) being communicated with the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber (30); A second heat exchange chamber (50), wherein the second heat exchange chamber (50) is disposed on a horizontal side of the first heat exchange chamber (30) and is located above the separator (40), and the bottom of the second heat exchange chamber (50) is connected to the separator (40).

2. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A superheater (61), wherein the superheater (61) is disposed in the second heat exchange chamber (50), and the superheater (61) at least comprises a steam pipe disposed in the second heat exchange chamber (50).

3. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the bottom wall, the side wall and the top wall of the second heat exchange chamber (50) is a heat exchange surface.

4. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of separators (40), and the plurality of separators (40) are respectively connected to the first heat exchange chamber (30) and the second heat exchange chamber (50).

5. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second heat exchange chamber (50) is provided with an ash outlet (70) at the bottom, and the ash outlet (70) surrounds the connection position between the separator (40) and the second heat exchange chamber (50).

6. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (20) and the first heat exchange chamber (30) share a side wall; And / or, the second heat exchange chamber (50) shares a side wall with the first heat exchange chamber (30).

7. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification chamber (10) comprises a tapered section (11) (11) and a gradually expanding section (12), wherein the gradually expanding section (12) is located above the tapered section (11) (11), and in a vertically downward direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the gradually expanding section (12) gradually increases, while the cross-sectional area of ​​the tapered section (11) (11) gradually decreases.

8. The TFB gasification incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a first feeding device (81) and a second feeding device (82), wherein the first feeding device (81) and the second feeding device (82) convey materials into the gasification chamber (10) at different height positions of the gasification chamber (10), and the first feeding device (81) is higher than the second feeding device (82).

9. The TFB gasification incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: A cooling chamber (90), wherein the top of the cooling chamber (90) is connected to the top of the second heat exchange chamber (50), and a smoke outlet (91) is arranged at the bottom of the cooling chamber (90).

10. The TFB gasification incinerator according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes: an economizer (62) and an air preheater (63), wherein the air preheater (63) is arranged between the flue gas outlet (91) and the economizer (62); The economizer (62) and the air preheater (63) are arranged in the cooling chamber (90); Alternatively, the economizer (62) and the air preheater (63) are arranged in the second heat exchange chamber (50); Alternatively, the economizer (62) is disposed in the second heat exchange chamber (50), and the air preheater (63) is disposed in the cooling chamber (90).

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