Device and method for treating radioactive incomplete combustion incineration ash

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion incineration ash, which comprises a pretreatment mechanism, a microwave treatment mechanism and a tail gas treatment mechanism which are communicated in sequence, the pretreatment mechanism is used for crushing the to-be-treated incomplete combustion incineration ash, mixing the crushed incomplete combustion incineration ash with a microwave sensitizer and feeding the mixture into the microwave treatment mechanism; the microwave treatment mechanism is used for carrying out microwave ashing on a mixed material of the crushed incomplete combustion incineration ash and a microwave sensitizer, and the tail gas treatment mechanism is used for cooling and filtering flue gas generated in the microwave ashing process. By the adoption of the device and method for treating the radioactive incomplete combustion incineration ash, residual organic matter in the radioactive incomplete combustion incineration ash generated by a low-level radioactive combustible waste incineration device under the abnormal working condition can be eliminated through microwaves, so that the carbon residual rate of the incineration ash is reduced, and follow-up treatment is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, and in particular relates to a device and method for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash. Background Art

[0002] At present, the combustible solid waste generated by nuclear facilities is mainly incinerated through radioactive waste incineration devices. After treatment, the volume of the waste is greatly reduced and converted into stable inorganic matter (incineration ash), which greatly reduces the storage, transportation and final disposal costs of the waste. Therefore, it is widely used around the world. However, under abnormal conditions, during the operation of the incineration device, due to abnormal conditions such as power outages and water outages, the waste is not fully burned, resulting in incomplete combustion ash.

[0003] Incomplete combustion incineration ash contains incompletely burned organic matter and has high carbon content, which brings many inconveniences and safety hazards to the subsequent collection, treatment, and preparation processes.

[0004] In view of the above situation, the incomplete combustion ash was initially treated using a common microwave treatment furnace (BWX-6) on the market. The results showed that microwaves can eliminate the organic matter remaining in the incomplete combustion ash, and the treatment effect is good, so it has certain feasibility. However, due to the limited volume of the internal cavity of the microwave ashing furnace and the internal material is high-purity ceramic fiber, it is not suitable to directly put a large amount of incineration ash into the cavity for treatment. Therefore, there are certain limitations for engineering applications.

[0005] Therefore, a device and process for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash are provided. The device and method can eliminate residual organic matter in the radioactive incomplete combustion ash produced by a low-level combustible waste incineration device under abnormal working conditions, thereby reducing the residual carbon rate of the incineration ash, facilitating subsequent treatment and disposal, and laying a certain foundation for subsequent engineering applications. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, which can eliminate residual organic matter in the radioactive incomplete combustion ash produced by a low-level combustible waste incineration device under abnormal operating conditions, thereby reducing the residual carbon rate of the incineration ash.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, comprising: a pretreatment mechanism, a microwave treatment mechanism and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism connected in sequence, the pretreatment mechanism is used to crush the incomplete combustion ash to be treated, mix it with a microwave sensitizer and send it into the microwave treatment mechanism, the microwave treatment mechanism is used to microwave ashing the mixture of the crushed incomplete combustion ash and the microwave sensitizer, and the exhaust gas treatment mechanism is used to cool and filter the smoke generated during the microwave ashing process.

[0008] Furthermore, the pretreatment mechanism includes a crusher, a mixer and a conveying component, the crusher is used to crush the incineration ash, the mixer is used to mix the crushed incineration ash with the microwave sensitizer, and the conveying component sends the mixed incineration ash and microwave sensitizer into the microwave treatment mechanism.

[0009] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism includes a microwave ashing component and an ash bucket, and the microwave ashing component is connected to the pre-processing mechanism and the ash bucket respectively, and is used to perform microwave processing on the incineration ash and send the processed incineration ash into the ash bucket.

[0010] Furthermore, the microwave ashing component includes a shell, a microwave source and a waveguide. The shell is provided with an incineration ash inlet and an incineration ash outlet. The incineration ash inlet is connected to the pretreatment mechanism, and the incineration ash outlet is connected to the ash bucket. The microwave source is used to emit microwaves and is connected to the waveguide. The waveguide extends into the shell for transmitting microwaves.

[0011] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism also includes an inspection cover, which is connected to the shell and is used to close or open the incineration ash inlet. An ash inlet flange is provided on the end of the inspection cover away from the shell. A microwave shielding ring is provided between the inspection cover and the shell. The microwave ashing assembly also includes a temperature measuring thermocouple, which is used to measure the temperature inside the shell.

[0012] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly includes a cylinder and an insert plate, the insert plate penetrates the side wall of the shell and is slidably connected to the shell, and the push rod of the cylinder is connected to the insert plate to drive the insert plate to slide relative to the shell to carry the incineration ash entering the shell or to drop the incineration ash into the incineration ash outlet at the bottom of the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly also includes an air inlet pipe, a smoke outlet pipe and a smoke monitor. The air inlet pipe is connected to the interior of the shell and is used to introduce air into the shell; the smoke outlet pipe is used to discharge the smoke after ashing; the smoke monitor is connected to the smoke outlet pipe and is used to detect the smoke after ashing.

[0014] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism also includes an air blower, and an air inlet flange is provided on the air inlet pipe, and the air flange is connected to the air blower.

[0015] Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment mechanism includes a cooler, a quench cooler, a filter and an induced draft fan connected in sequence. The cooler is connected to the microwave treatment mechanism and is used to cool the flue gas discharged from the microwave treatment mechanism. The quench cooler is used to quickly cool the cooled flue gas again. The filter is used to purify and filter the flue gas. The induced draft fan is used to form a negative pressure environment to prevent the flue gas from overflowing.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, comprising the steps of: crushing the incomplete combustion ash to be treated, mixing it with a microwave sensitizer and sending it into a microwave treatment mechanism; subjecting the mixture of the incineration ash and the microwave sensitizer to microwave ashing treatment; and filtering and purifying the tail gas generated during the microwave ashing treatment.

[0017] The effect of the present invention is that microwaves can be used to eliminate residual organic matter in the radioactive incomplete combustion ash produced by the low-level combustible waste incineration device under abnormal working conditions, thereby reducing the residual carbon rate of the incineration ash and facilitating subsequent treatment and disposal. The device has a reasonable design, a complete process and a high degree of automation. At the same time, the relevant test parameters have good adjustability and can meet the needs of experiments and research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a module of a device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion incineration ash;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the microwave ashing assembly;

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 1. Crusher; 2. Mixer; 3. Conveying assembly; 4. Microwave ashing assembly; 5. Blower; 6. Flue gas monitor; 7. Ash bucket; 8. Cooler; 9. Quencher; 10. Filter; 11. Draft fan; 12. Chimney; 4-1. Flue gas outlet pipe; 4-2. Ash inlet flange; 4-3. Inspection cover; 4-4. Microwave shielding ring; 4-5. Temperature measuring thermocouple; 4-6. Shell; 4-7. Microwave source; 4-8. Waveguide; 4-9. Cylinder; 4-10. Insert plate; 4-11. Ash discharge flange; 4-12. Air inlet pipe; 4-13. Air inlet flange; 4-14. Flue gas outlet flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention proposes a device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, including a pretreatment mechanism, a microwave treatment mechanism and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism which are connected in sequence. The pretreatment mechanism is used to crush the incomplete combustion ash to be treated, mix it with a microwave sensitizer and send it into the microwave treatment mechanism. The microwave treatment mechanism is used to microwave ashing the mixture of the crushed incomplete combustion ash and the microwave sensitizer. The exhaust gas treatment mechanism is used to cool and filter the smoke generated during the microwave ashing process.

[0024] It can be understood that the use of microwaves to eliminate residual organic matter in the incineration ash produced by radioactive incomplete combustion under abnormal working conditions can reduce the residual carbon rate of the incineration ash and facilitate subsequent treatment and disposal.

[0025] Furthermore, the pretreatment mechanism includes a crusher 1, a mixer 2 and a conveying component 3, the crusher is used to crush the incineration ash, the mixer 2 is used to mix the crushed incineration ash with the microwave sensitizer, and the conveying component 3 sends the mixed incineration ash and microwave sensitizer into the microwave treatment mechanism.

[0026] It can be understood that the crushing amount matches the processing capacity of the microwave processing mechanism, and can effectively process incompletely burned incineration ash of various shapes and sizes, thereby increasing the microwave irradiation area of ​​the material and the contact area with the air during the ashing process, thereby improving the microwave processing efficiency.

[0027] It can be understood that the particle size of the crushed incineration ash must meet the transportation requirements of the mixer 2 and the conveying component 3.

[0028] Furthermore, an agitator is provided above the mixer 2 , and the agitator extends into the mixer 2 , and is used for agitating and mixing the incineration ash and the microwave sensitizer entering into the mixer 2 .

[0029] In this embodiment, the mixer 2 is a cylindrical device, which is used as a mixing and temporary storage container for the crushed incineration ash and microwave sensitizer. It is provided with a hopper-shaped inlet on the top for easy feeding, and an outlet on the bottom, which is connected to the conveying component 3. A valve is installed between the mixer 2 and the conveying component 3. When feeding is required, the valve is opened, and the mixed materials enter the interior of the conveying component 3 under the action of gravity.

[0030] In this embodiment, a baffle is provided at the outlet of the conveying component 3 to prevent the conveyed material from being stuck and to block a very small amount of microwaves leaking from part of the microwave processing mechanism, thereby providing better protection for personnel and the environment.

[0031] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism includes a microwave ashing component 4 and an ash bucket 7 . The microwave ashing component 4 is connected to the pre-processing mechanism and the ash bucket respectively, and is used to perform microwave processing on the incineration ash and send the processed incineration ash into the ash bucket 7 .

[0032] It can be understood that the conveying assembly 3 is connected to the mixer 2 outlet and the microwave incineration assembly 4 in front and back. Conventional conveying forms, such as belt conveying or screw conveying, are used, and controlled by a motor to achieve quantitative material conveying. The equipment has a simple structure and is easy to operate and maintain.

[0033] It can be understood that a valve is installed at the outlet of the conveying component 3. When feeding is required, the valve is opened and the material enters the microwave ashing component 4.

[0034] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly 4 includes a shell 4-6, a microwave source 4-7 and a waveguide 4-8. The shell 4-6 is provided with an incineration ash inlet and an incineration ash outlet. The incineration ash inlet is connected to the pretreatment mechanism, and the incineration ash outlet is connected to the ash bin 7. The microwave source 4-7 is used to emit microwaves and is connected to the waveguide 4-8. The waveguide 4-8 extends into the shell 4-6 for the transmission of microwaves.

[0035] It can be understood that after the mixed material enters the shell 4-6 through the incineration ash inlet, the microwave source 4-7 emits microwaves and transmits them to the shell 4-6 using the waveguide 4-8, and the material in the shell 4-6 is subjected to microwave treatment. The treated material is discharged from the shell 4-6 from the incineration ash outlet and enters the ash bucket 7.

[0036] In this embodiment, the microwave source 4-7 uses four groups of water-cooled magnetrons for transmitting microwaves, and its power can be flexibly adjusted as needed. At the same time, a single magnetron can be independently controlled, and has strong applicability. It is possible to select a combination of magnetrons in different orientations to perform microwave treatment on the material as needed. Each microwave source 4-7 is connected to the corresponding waveguide 4-8 at the bottom. The waveguide 4-8 adopts a water-cooled cooling method and is used for the transmission of microwaves emitted by the magnetron. The bottom of the waveguide 4-8 is connected to the shell 4-6 by welding, and is 45° with the center line of the shell 4-6. This arrangement can avoid mutual interference between the microwaves transmitted by each waveguide.

[0037] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism also includes an inspection cover 4-3, which is connected to the shell 4-6 and is used to close or open the incineration ash inlet. An ash inlet flange 4-2 is provided on one end of the inspection cover 4-3 away from the shell 4-6.

[0038] In this embodiment, the ash inlet flange 4-2 is made of heat-resistant steel, so that it can be used in a high temperature environment to avoid thermal deformation, and the flange is conveniently connected to the valve below the conveying component 3. The inspection cover 4-3 is made of heat-resistant steel, so that it can be used in a high temperature environment to avoid thermal deformation. The upper part is connected to the ash inlet flange 4-2 through a section of round pipe, and the lower part can be directly connected to the upper part of the shell 4-6. The inspection cover 4-3 is mainly used for the later maintenance of the microwave ashing component 4.

[0039] Furthermore, a microwave shielding ring 4-4 ​​is provided between the inspection cover 4-3 and the shell 4-6.

[0040] In this embodiment, the microwave shielding ring 4-4 ​​is welded below the inspection cover 4-3 and has a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the cylinder is 1 mm away from the inner wall of the shell 4-6, thereby effectively preventing microwaves from leaking into the environment through the gap between the inspection cover 4-3 and the shell 4-6.

[0041] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly 4 also includes a temperature measuring thermocouple 4-5, and the temperature measuring thermocouple 4-5 is used to measure the temperature inside the shell 4-6.

[0042] In this embodiment, the temperature measuring thermocouple 4-5 is of S type, and the maximum operating temperature can reach 1200°C, which can monitor the heating condition of the material in the shell 4-6 in real time.

[0043] In this embodiment, the upper part of the shell 4-6 is a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical cavity is conducive to the concentration of microwave energy and improves the processing efficiency; the lower part is an inverted cone structure, which is convenient for the discharge of the processed materials; a valve is installed under the shell 4-6, and when the material is cooled, the valve is opened and the material can smoothly fall into the ash bucket 7. Aluminum silicate ceramic fiber felt is installed on the outside of the shell 4-6, which can reduce the surface temperature of the equipment and prevent people from being scalded, and reduce the heat loss in the microwave ashing assembly 4 and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0044] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly 4 includes a cylinder 4-9 and an insert plate 4-10, the insert plate 4-10 passes through the side wall of the shell 4-6 and is slidably connected to the shell 4-6, and the push rod of the cylinder 4-9 is connected to the insert plate 4-10, which is used to drive the insert plate 4-10 to slide relative to the shell 4-6 to carry the incineration ash entering the shell 4-6 or to drop the incineration ash into the incineration ash outlet at the bottom of the shell 4-6.

[0045] In this embodiment, the insert plate 4-10 is made of heat-resistant metal steel, which is supported by four small top blocks in the shell 4-6, and is mainly used to carry materials under the push of the cylinder 4-9, or to make the materials fall into the incineration ash outlet when the cylinder 4-9 is pulled away.

[0046] Furthermore, an ash discharge flange 4 - 11 is provided at the incineration ash outlet, and the ash discharge flange 4 - 11 is connected to the ash bucket 7 .

[0047] It can be understood that the ash outlet flange 4-11 is connected to the valve and the ash bucket 7 to form a closed space inside to prevent microwave leakage.

[0048] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly 4 also includes an air intake pipe 4-12, which is connected to the interior of the shell 4-6 and is used to introduce air into the shell 4-6.

[0049] In this embodiment, the air intake pipe 4-12 adopts four groups of curved pipes evenly distributed in the same horizontal cross-section of the shell 4-6, so that the air entering the shell 4-6 is in uniform contact with the material, thereby improving the processing efficiency. At the same time, the bottom of the curved pipe is less than 1 mm away from the plug plate 4-10 to avoid internal microwave leakage.

[0050] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism also includes an air blower 5 , and an air inlet flange 4 - 13 is provided on the air inlet pipe 4 - 12 , and the air flange 4 - 13 is connected to the air blower 5 .

[0051] Furthermore, the microwave ashing assembly 4 also includes a fume outlet pipe 4 - 1 for discharging the fume after ashing.

[0052] In this embodiment, the smoke outlet pipe 4-1 is made of heat-resistant steel and is an upwardly bent pipe. The middle of the horizontal section of the bent pipe is welded to the upper part of the shell 4-6. The upper part of the bent pipe is less than 1 mm away from the inspection cover 4-3 to avoid microwave leakage.

[0053] In this embodiment, a smoke outlet flange 4-14 is also provided on the smoke outlet pipe 4-1.

[0054] Furthermore, the microwave processing mechanism also includes a flue gas monitor 6, which is connected to the flue gas outlet pipe 4-1 and is used to detect the flue gas after ashing.

[0055] It can be understood that the flue gas monitor 6 can monitor various components, flow rate, dust content and other parameters in the exhaust gas after ashing in real time, which serves as an important basis for judging the effect of the ashing reaction.

[0056] Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment mechanism includes a cooler 8, a quench cooler 9, a filter 10 and an induced draft fan 11 which are connected in sequence. The cooler 8 is connected to the microwave treatment mechanism and is used to cool the flue gas discharged by the microwave treatment mechanism. The quench cooler 9 is used to quickly cool the cooled flue gas again. The filter 10 is used to purify and filter the flue gas. The induced draft fan 11 is used to form a negative pressure environment to prevent the flue gas from overflowing into the environment.

[0057] In this embodiment, the inlet of the cooler 8 is connected to the flue gas outlet flange 4-14 of the microwave ashing assembly 4, and the tail gas after ashing directly enters the cooler 8 for cooling. The cooler 8 is a cylindrical structure and adopts an indirect heat exchange cooling method. The tube side passes through the high-temperature flue gas, and the shell side is connected to the cooling water circulation system and is filled with cooling water. The temperature of the high-temperature tail gas is reduced by convection heat exchange. A sewage outlet is provided at the lower end of the cooler 8 as a backup. The outlet of the cooler 8 is connected to the inlet of the quench cooler 9, and the high-temperature flue gas cooled by the cooler 8 enters the quench cooler 9 for rapid cooling. The quench cooler 9 is a cylindrical structure, and a nozzle is installed on its upper part. One side of the nozzle is connected to cooling water, and the other side is connected to compressed air. The nozzle sprays out small mist droplets, which are fully in contact with the high-temperature flue gas, so that the flue gas is quickly cooled and quickly crosses the dioxin generation interval to avoid the generation of dioxins during the cooling process. A sewage outlet is provided at the lower part of the quench cooler 9 as a backup. The outlet of the quench cooler 9 is connected to the inlet of the filter 10, and the flue gas after cooling again enters the filter 10. The filter 10 adopts a columnar structure, with built-in filter bags, activated carbon adsorbents and high-efficiency filter elements. The cooled flue gas is dusted by the built-in filter bags, and then purified and filtered by the built-in activated carbon adsorbents and high temperature and high efficiency to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards. The outlet of the filter 10 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 11. The induced draft fan 11 is a stereotyped device, which mainly forms a negative pressure environment for the entire system to prevent the exhaust gas from overflowing into the environment and ensure the health of personnel. At the connection between the filter 10 and the induced draft fan 10, a three-way joint is provided, and a flue gas monitor 6 is also connected, which can monitor the various components and other parameters in the cooled and purified exhaust gas in real time to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards.

[0058] Furthermore, the exhaust gas treatment mechanism further includes a chimney 12 , and the outlet of the induced draft fan 11 is connected to the chimney 12 .

[0059] In this embodiment, the treated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney 12. The chimney 12 is a cylindrical structure with an outer layer of stainless steel and an inner layer of thermal insulation material to avoid burns to personnel and ensure personnel safety.

[0060] The present invention also provides a method for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, comprising the steps of:

[0061] S1, crushing the incomplete combustion ash to be treated, mixing it with a microwave sensitizer and sending it into a microwave treatment mechanism;

[0062] Specifically, the incomplete combustion ash to be processed is first crushed by a crusher, and the particle size of the crushed ash meets the subsequent conveying and processing requirements of the mixer, conveying component and microwave ashing component. The crushed incineration ash is added to the mixer through a hopper. According to needs, the microwave sensitizer is also added to the mixer through a hopper. The microwave sensitizer can improve the microwave processing efficiency to a certain extent. After the crushed incineration ash and the sensitizer are added to the mixer, the stirring device above it is started. The stirring speed and stirring depth are adjustable to ensure that the internal materials are mixed evenly. When feeding processing is required, the valve below the conveying component is opened, and then the conveying component is started, and the valve below the mixer is opened. The mixed materials fall into the conveying component under the action of gravity, and then the materials are transported to the top of the microwave ash makeup component and fall into the plug of the microwave ashing component under the action of gravity. When all the materials enter the microwave ashing component, the valve below the conveying component is closed to form a closed environment inside the microwave ashing component to protect the safety of personnel and the environment.

[0063] S2, subjecting the mixture of the incineration ash and the microwave sensitizer to microwave ashing treatment;

[0064] Specifically, the cooling water valve is opened to keep the microwave source and waveguide of the microwave ashing assembly in a cooling state to prevent the high temperature environment from damaging the magnetron and reducing the processing efficiency. After the microwave source and waveguide are cooled, the induced draft fan is started to form a negative pressure environment for the entire system to prevent the exhaust gas from overflowing into the environment and ensure the health of personnel. Finally, according to the test needs, the blower and microwave source are turned on to carry out microwave ashing of the material. The microwave ashing process mainly heats the organic matter remaining in the ash into gas, and the reaction that occurs is carbon and oxygen generating carbon dioxide. The blower can provide the required oxygen for the reaction. The heating mainly relies on the microwaves emitted by the microwave source. The microwave heating of the material is mainly under the action of the microwave electromagnetic field, and the polar molecules in the material are transformed from the original arbitrary motion state to a regular motion state. During the motion process, the molecules constantly collide and rub against each other, thereby converting electrical energy into thermal energy to heat the material. The heating does not require any heat conduction process, and the material can be heated and heated at the same time inside and outside, and the heating speed is fast and uniform. By controlling the appropriate air supply volume and microwave source power, the microwave ashing reaction is ensured to be thorough. The products formed during the microwave ashing reaction are incineration ash and exhaust gas. The completely ashed incineration ash is placed on the plug plate. When ash discharge is required, the bottom valve of the microwave ashing component is opened, and the cylinder is started to pull the plug plate to contract. The incineration ash on the plug plate falls into the ash bucket by gravity, and can be sampled and analyzed later. The exhaust gas enters the subsequent exhaust gas treatment mechanism for cooling and purification and other treatment processes.

[0065] S3, filtering and purifying the tail gas generated during the microwave ashing process;

[0066] Specifically, before entering the exhaust gas treatment system, the exhaust gas is introduced into the flue gas monitor through a branch provided between the microwave ashing component and the cooler connection, so as to monitor various components, flow rate, dust content and other parameters in the exhaust gas in real time. After the exhaust gas enters the cooler, the high-temperature flue gas is quickly cooled down by convection heat exchange with the cooling water in the shell. The flue gas cooled by the cooler then enters the quench cooler for further cooling. Considering that there is a dioxin generation interval during the cooling process of the quench cooler, this equipment uses an atomizing nozzle to directly atomize the cooling water into small droplets, which are then fully contacted with the exhaust gas, quickly crossing the dioxin generation interval, thereby inhibiting the generation of dioxins. The temperature of the cooled exhaust gas has met the treatment requirements of the subsequent exhaust gas treatment equipment, and then enters the filter. The filter contains filter bags, activated carbon adsorbents and high-efficiency filter elements, which have the dual functions of dust removal and purification. After dust removal and purification, the exhaust gas enters the induced draft fan. Similarly, a three-way joint is installed at the connection between the filter and the induced draft fan. The exhaust gas is introduced into the flue gas monitor. When it is monitored that the exhaust gas composition meets the emission standards, it is discharged through the chimney to meet the standards.

[0067] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention can use microwaves to eliminate residual organic matter in the radioactive incomplete combustion ash produced by the low-level combustible waste incineration device under abnormal conditions, thereby reducing the residual carbon rate of the incineration ash and facilitating subsequent treatment and disposal. The device has a reasonable design, a complete process and a high degree of automation. At the same time, the relevant test parameters have good adjustability and can meet the needs of experiments and research.

[0068] At the same time, it can avoid operators from microwave radiation to the greatest extent and improve the utilization rate of microwaves; at the same time, the device is equipped with a complete exhaust gas treatment system to ensure that the exhaust gas meets the emission standards and has good safety.

[0069] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation manner. Those skilled in the art may derive other implementation manners based on the technical solution of the present invention, which also fall within the technical innovation scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, characterized in that: include: A pretreatment mechanism, a microwave treatment mechanism and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism are connected in sequence. The pretreatment mechanism is used to crush the incomplete combustion ash to be treated, mix it with a microwave sensitizer and send it into the microwave treatment mechanism. The microwave treatment mechanism is used to microwave ashing the mixture of the crushed incomplete combustion ash and the microwave sensitizer. The exhaust gas treatment mechanism is used to cool and filter the smoke generated during the microwave ashing process.

2. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment mechanism includes a crusher, a mixer and a conveying component. The crusher is used to crush the incineration ash. The mixer is used to mix the crushed incineration ash with a microwave sensitizer. The conveying component delivers the mixed incineration ash and microwave sensitizer into the microwave treatment mechanism.

3. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave processing mechanism comprises a microwave ashing component and an ash bucket. The microwave ashing component is connected to the pre-processing mechanism and the ash bucket respectively, and is used to perform microwave processing on the incineration ash and send the processed incineration ash into the ash bucket.

4. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The microwave ashing assembly includes a shell, a microwave source and a waveguide. The shell is provided with an incineration ash inlet and an incineration ash outlet. The incineration ash inlet is connected to the pretreatment mechanism, and the incineration ash outlet is connected to the ash bucket. The microwave source is used to emit microwaves and is connected to the waveguide. The waveguide extends into the shell for transmitting microwaves.

5. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The microwave processing mechanism also includes an inspection cover, which is connected to the shell and is used to close or open the incineration ash inlet. An ash inlet flange is provided on the end of the inspection cover away from the shell. A microwave shielding ring is provided between the inspection cover and the shell. The microwave ashing assembly also includes a temperature measuring thermocouple, which is used to measure the temperature inside the shell.

6. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The microwave ashing assembly includes a cylinder and an insert plate, wherein the insert plate penetrates the side wall of the shell and is slidably connected to the shell. The push rod of the cylinder is connected to the insert plate and is used to drive the insert plate to slide relative to the shell to carry the incineration ash entering the shell or to drop the incineration ash into the incineration ash outlet at the bottom of the shell.

7. A device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The microwave ashing assembly also includes an air inlet pipe, a smoke outlet pipe and a smoke monitor. The air inlet pipe is connected to the interior of the shell and is used to introduce air into the shell; the smoke outlet pipe is used to discharge the smoke after ashing; the smoke monitor is connected to the smoke outlet pipe and is used to detect the smoke after ashing.

8. The device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash according to claim 7, characterized in that: The microwave processing mechanism further comprises an air blower. The air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet flange, and the air flange is connected to the air blower.

9. The device for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas treatment mechanism includes a cooler, a quench cooler, a filter and an induced draft fan connected in sequence. The cooler is connected to the microwave treatment mechanism and is used to cool the flue gas discharged by the microwave treatment mechanism. The quench cooler is used to quickly cool the cooled flue gas again. The filter is used to purify and filter the flue gas. The induced draft fan is used to form a negative pressure environment to prevent the flue gas from overflowing.

10. A method for treating radioactive incomplete combustion ash, characterized in that: Includes steps: The incompletely burned incineration ash to be treated is crushed, mixed with a microwave sensitizer and sent into a microwave treatment mechanism; Performing microwave ashing treatment on a mixture of incineration ash and microwave sensitizer; The tail gas generated during the microwave ashing process is filtered and purified.

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