Ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system adopting fused salt heat supply

Abstract

The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system comprises a first molten salt tank, a second molten salt tank, a molten salt electric heater, a reactor, a heat exchanger and a liquid ammonia tank, the first molten salt tank is filled with a molten salt medium, and the first molten salt tank communicates with the molten salt electric heater; the fused salt electric heater is also communicated with the second fused salt tank; the reactor comprises a heating inlet, a heating outlet, an ammonia gas inlet, an ammonia gas outlet, a heating top plate, a heating bottom plate and a plurality of wall pipes which are sleeved from inside to outside, a shell of the heat exchanger is provided with a hot fluid inlet, a hot fluid outlet, a cold fluid inlet and a cold fluid outlet, and a plurality of heat exchange plates of rectangular structures are arranged in the shell in a stacked mode; the cold fluid inlet is communicated with the liquid ammonia tank, the cold fluid outlet is communicated with the ammonia gas inlet, the hot fluid inlet is communicated with the heating outlet, and the hot fluid outlet is communicated with the first molten salt tank. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system adopting fused salt heat supply is high in energy utilization rate, can realize low-temperature, energy-saving and efficient hydrogen production, and can continuously and effectively operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by decomposing ammonia, and in particular to an ammonia hydrogen production system using molten salt as a heat carrier. Background Art

[0002] The existing ammonia decomposition reactor uses the traditional thermal power generation method. The traditional thermal power generating set is complicated to start and stop, and a certain load ratio must be maintained during operation, such as at least 40% to ensure the normal operation of the entire system. During the day, due to the large industrial electricity consumption and the small electricity consumption at night, the peak and valley electricity prices are high. Especially when the new energy power is connected to the power grid, the power supply load of the traditional thermal power plant is further compressed, resulting in lower electricity prices during the valley power period; the existing ammonia decomposition system usually adopts direct electric heating, and the temperature uniformity and controllability during the heating process are not high; in the existing thermal power generation power supply and heating mode, there are defects such as high heating cost and poor heating efficiency, and the ammonia decomposition system is difficult to operate efficiently and continuously.

[0003] Chinese patent CN118763815A discloses a green ammonia energy storage system, including a renewable energy power generation unit, an electrolytic hydrogen production unit, a nitrogen production unit, an ammonia synthesis unit, a molten salt heat storage unit and a gas power generation unit; the energy storage system uses the clean electricity provided by the renewable energy power generation unit and the molten salt heat storage unit to produce hydrogen and nitrogen, and synthesizes hydrogen and nitrogen into ammonia, generates electricity by burning ammonia, stores non-continuous clean energy in the form of continuous chemical energy, and can smooth the volatility of renewable energy while generating additional industrial products, realizing ammonia energy storage and improving economic benefits. However, the green ammonia energy storage system has a relatively simple temperature control of the molten salt, making it difficult to effectively heat each process of ammonia decomposition, and the energy utilization rate and hydrogen production rate are not high. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the ammonia decomposition system in the prior art that utilizes the direct heating mode of thermal power generation for heating, and the green ammonia energy storage system that utilizes molten salt for energy storage heating, such as high heating cost, poor heating efficiency and energy utilization rate, and difficulty in continuously and efficiently carrying out the ammonia decomposition reaction, an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating is provided, which can effectively control ammonia during the reaction process, has high system energy utilization rate, can realize low-temperature, energy-saving, efficient hydrogen production and can continuously operate.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating, comprising a first molten salt tank, a second molten salt tank, a molten salt electric heater, a reactor, a heat exchanger and a liquid ammonia tank; the first molten salt tank is filled with a molten salt medium, and the first molten salt tank is connected to the molten salt electric heater; the molten salt electric heater is used to heat the molten salt medium in the first molten salt tank, and the molten salt electric heater is also connected to the second molten salt tank, and the heated molten salt medium flows out of the molten salt electric heater and enters the second molten salt tank; the reactor comprises a heating inlet, a heating outlet, an ammonia inlet, an ammonia outlet, a heating top plate, a heating bottom plate and a plurality of hollow structures arranged from the inside to the outside The invention relates to three wall tubes, one end of the three wall tubes is fixed to the heating top plate at the same time, and the other ends of the three wall tubes are fixed to the heating bottom plate at the same time. There are gaps between the three wall tubes arranged from the inside to the outside, the heating inlet is communicated with the gap between the two outer wall tubes, the heating outlet is communicated with the inside of the innermost wall tube, the heating inlet is connected with the heating outlet, the heating inlet and the heating outlet are close to each other and are located at the same end of the reactor; the ammonia inlet is communicated with the gap between the middle wall tube and the innermost wall tube, and the ammonia outlet is communicated with the ammonia inlet through the gap between the middle wall tube and the innermost wall tube; the ammonia inlet and the ammonia outlet are arranged close to each other and are respectively located in the reactor On two opposite sides; the heating inlet is connected to the second molten salt tank; the shell of the heat exchanger is provided with a hot fluid inlet, a hot fluid outlet, a cold fluid inlet and a cold fluid outlet, the hot fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet are located on the lower surface of the shell, and the hot fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet are located on the upper surface of the shell; a plurality of rectangular heat exchange plates are stacked inside the shell, and openings are provided on the four vertices of the heat exchange plates, and the openings on the four vertices of the plurality of heat exchange plates are aligned with each other; the hot fluid inlet, the hot fluid outlet, the cold fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet are respectively connected to the openings at different positions; at least two blocking bars are vertically fixed on the front of each heat exchange plate, and the blocking bars are close to The vertices of the heat exchange plates are arranged to block the fluid from entering the openings on the corresponding vertices, and the blocking strips are fixedly connected to the back of another adjacent heat exchange plate at the same time; after the hot fluid enters the hot fluid inlet, it passes through the openings on the vertices of the multiple heat exchange plates arranged in an aligned manner and is discharged through the hot fluid outlet; after the cold fluid enters the cold fluid inlet, it passes through the openings on the vertices of the multiple heat exchange plates arranged in an aligned manner and is discharged through the cold fluid outlet; the multiple blocking strips can block the hot fluid and the cold fluid flowing between the multiple heat exchange plates from merging; the cold fluid inlet is connected to the liquid ammonia tank, the cold fluid outlet is connected to the ammonia gas inlet, the hot fluid inlet is connected to the heating outlet, and the hot fluid outlet is connected to the first molten salt tank.

[0006] Furthermore, a first valve, a first salt pump and a second valve are sequentially arranged between the first molten salt tank and the molten salt electric heater, and a third valve and a first thermometer are sequentially arranged between the molten salt electric heater and the second molten salt tank; a temperature control mechanism is installed in the molten salt electric heater; and a fourth valve and a second salt pump are sequentially arranged between the second molten salt tank and the reactor.

[0007] Furthermore, the molten salt medium is a binary mixed molten salt of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate, the mass fraction of potassium nitrate in the molten salt medium is 40%, and the mass fraction of sodium nitrate in the molten salt medium is 60%.

[0008] Furthermore, the temperature range of the molten salt medium in the first molten salt tank is 140-220°C, and the temperature range of the molten salt medium in the second molten salt tank is 300-600°C.

[0009] Further, the reactor comprises an outer wall tube and a middle wall tube which are sleeved with each other, the outer wall tube is sleeved outside the middle wall tube, and there is a first gap between the inner surface of the outer wall tube and the outer surface of the middle wall; first heating baffles are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the middle wall tube, the first heating baffle is connected to the outer wall tube, one end of the first heating baffle is fixedly connected to the heating top plate, and there is a first gap between the other end of the first heating baffle and the heating bottom plate; the inner wall tube is sleeved inside the middle wall tube, there is a second gap between the middle wall tube and the inner wall tube, and the two ends of the inner wall tube are respectively fixedly connected to the heating top plate and the heating bottom plate; A connecting pipe is fixed on the side wall of the inner wall tube, and the connecting pipe is arranged close to the heating top plate. The connecting pipe is a hollow structure, one end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the interior of the inner wall tube, and the other end of the connecting pipe is also connected to the side of the middle wall tube and communicated with the first gap; an ammonia baffle is arranged opposite to the outer surface of the inner wall tube, and the ammonia baffle is also connected to the middle wall tube, one end of the ammonia baffle is fixedly connected to the heating top plate, and a second gap exists between the other end of the ammonia baffle and the ammonia bottom plate; the heating inlet is communicated with the first gap, the heating outlet is communicated with the inner wall tube, and the ammonia inlet and the ammonia outlet are both communicated with the second gap.

[0010] Furthermore, a second heating baffle is fixed in the inner wall tube, one end of the second heating baffle is fixedly connected to the heating top plate, and a third gap exists between the other end of the second heating baffle and the heating bottom plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the second gap is filled with an ammonia decomposition catalyst, which includes a nickel metal carrier and a ruthenium active metal. The nickel metal carrier is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the ruthenium active metal is loaded inside the through holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of stacked first heat exchange plates and second heat exchange plates are arranged inside the shell, and the first heat exchange plates and the second heat exchange plates are arranged alternately with each other, and four first openings are respectively opened on the four vertices of the first heat exchange plate, and two first blocking bars are fixed on the front side of the first heat exchange plate, and the two first blocking bars are located on the same diagonal line of the first heat exchange plate and are respectively arranged close to the first openings located on the diagonal vertices of the first heat exchange plate, and the two ends of the first blocking bar are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the first heat exchange plate, and the first blocking bar can block the fluid from entering the first openings that are arranged close to the setting; four second openings are respectively opened on the four vertices of the second heat exchange plate, and two second blocking bars are fixed on the front side of the second heat exchange plate, and the two second blocking bars are located on the same diagonal line of the second heat exchange plate and are respectively arranged close to the second openings located on the diagonal vertices of the second heat exchange plate, and the two ends of the second blocking bar are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the second heat exchange plate, and the second blocking bar can block the fluid from entering the adjacent second openings; the second blocking bar on the second heat exchange plate and the first blocking bar on the first heat exchange plate are symmetrically arranged.

[0013] Furthermore, a fifth valve is provided between the heating outlet and the hot fluid inlet, a sixth valve is provided between the cold fluid outlet and the ammonia inlet, a seventh valve is provided between the liquid ammonia tank and the cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger, and an eighth valve is provided on the ammonia outlet of the reactor.

[0014] Furthermore, a ninth valve, a power pump and a second thermometer are sequentially arranged between the hot fluid outlet and the first molten salt tank, and the ninth valve, the power pump and the second thermometer are sequentially arranged in series.

[0015] The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating described in the present invention separates molten salt media of different temperatures. Compared with a single tank in which hot and cold molten salts coexist in the same room, in a double molten salt tank system, the high-temperature molten salt tank and the low-temperature molten salt tank operate separately and complement each other, which can well reduce the technical risks of heat storage and heat release, avoid problems such as temperature difference in the tank, and the low-temperature molten salt is first heated and then transferred to the molten salt tank for storage; this order can ensure the stability of the system and avoid adverse effects on the molten salt material due to sudden temperature changes. On the basis of the double tank, the number of storage tanks can be further increased to form a multi-tank system to increase the heat storage; and the molten salt is used not only as a heat transfer medium, but also as a heat storage medium. The heat converted from wind / abandoned photovoltaic power and off-peak electricity is stored in a high-temperature molten salt tank, which realizes peak shaving and valley filling of energy consumption and improves the utilization rate of energy. At the same time, combined with a plate heat exchanger with multiple heat exchange plates arranged alternately, the liquid ammonia and the heated molten salt medium can fully exchange heat, further improving the energy utilization rate while also promoting the full liquefaction of ammonia. In the subsequent reactor process, by adjusting the flow direction of molten salt and ammonia, the heat of the molten salt can be fully and effectively transferred to ammonia, promoting the full and complete conversion of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen. That is, this system uses molten salt as a heating and heat storage medium to effectively utilize the energy of off-peak electricity. Combined with a plate heat exchanger and a jacketed ammonia decomposition reactor, it realizes the full and efficient decomposition of ammonia at a lower temperature, improves the temperature control efficiency in the ammonia decomposition process, and jointly realizes the effective control of the ammonia decomposition process and the improvement of ammonia decomposition efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and improving the energy utilization rate of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a reactor of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reactor of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the flow of high-temperature molten salt in a reactor of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating according to the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of fluid flow in a reactor of an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger for an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating according to the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first heat exchange plate of a heat exchanger in a system for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia using molten salt for heating according to the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a second heat exchange plate of a heat exchanger in a system for producing hydrogen by decomposing ammonia using molten salt for heating according to the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a first heat exchange plate and a second heat exchange plate of a heat exchanger in an ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating.

[0018] 1-first molten salt tank, 11-first valve, 12-first salt pump, 13-second valve, 2-second molten salt tank, 21-third valve, 22-first thermometer, 23-fourth valve, 24-second salt pump, 25-fifth valve, 26-sixth valve, 27-seventh valve, 28-eighth valve, 29-eighth valve, 3-molten salt electric heater, 4-reactor, 410-outer wall tube, 411-heating inlet, 412-heating outlet, 413-first heating baffle, 414-connecting pipe, 415-inner wall tube, 416-first heating top plate, 417-second heating top Plate, 418-first heating bottom plate, 4151-second heating baffle, 42-ammonia pipeline, 421-ammonia inlet, 422-ammonia outlet, 423-middle wall tube, 424-ammonia baffle, 425-ammonia top plate, 5-heat exchanger, 51-shell, 52-hot fluid inlet, 53-hot fluid outlet, 54-cold fluid inlet, 55-cold fluid outlet, 56-first heat exchange plate, 561-first opening, 562-first blocking bar, 57-second heat exchange plate, 571-second opening, 572-second blocking bar, 6-liquid ammonia tank, 7-power pump, 8-second thermometer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 9As shown, the ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating described in the present invention includes a first molten salt tank 1, a second molten salt tank 2, a molten salt electric heater 3, a reactor 4, a heat exchanger 5 and a liquid ammonia tank 6, the first molten salt tank 1 is filled with a molten salt medium, and the first molten salt tank 1 is connected to the molten salt electric heater 3; the molten salt electric heater 3 is used to heat the molten salt medium in the first molten salt tank 1, and the molten salt electric heater 3 is also connected to the second molten salt tank 2, and the heated molten salt medium flows out of the molten salt electric heater and enters the second molten salt tank 2; the reactor includes a heating inlet 411, a heating outlet 412, an ammonia inlet 421, an ammonia outlet 422, a heating top plate, a heating bottom plate and a plurality of inner-to-outer arrangements The three wall tubes have a hollow structure, one end of the three wall tubes is fixed to the heating top plate at the same time, and the other ends of the three wall tubes are fixed to the heating bottom plate at the same time. There are gaps between the three wall tubes arranged from the inside to the outside, the heating inlet 411 is communicated with the gap between the two outer wall tubes, the heating outlet 412 is communicated with the inside of the innermost wall tube, the heating inlet 411 is connected to the heating outlet 412, the heating inlet 411 and the heating outlet 412 are close to each other and are located at the same end of the reactor 4; the ammonia inlet 421 is communicated with the gap between the middle wall tube and the innermost wall tube, and the ammonia outlet 422 is communicated with the ammonia through the gap between the middle wall tube and the innermost wall tube. The ammonia inlet 421 and the ammonia outlet 422 are arranged close to each other and are respectively located on two opposite sides of the reactor 4; the heating inlet 411 is connected to the second molten salt tank 2; a hot fluid inlet 52, a hot fluid outlet 53, a cold fluid inlet 54 and a cold fluid outlet 55 are provided on the shell 51 of the heat exchanger, the hot fluid inlet 52 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are located on the lower surface of the shell, and the hot fluid outlet 53 and the cold fluid inlet 54 are located on the upper surface of the shell 51; a plurality of rectangular heat exchange plates are stacked inside the shell 51, and openings are provided on the four vertices of the heat exchange plates, and the openings on the four vertices of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected to each other. The hot fluid inlet 52, the hot fluid outlet 53, the cold fluid inlet 54 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are respectively connected to the openings at different positions; at least two blocking bars are vertically fixed on the front of each heat exchange plate, and the blocking bars are arranged close to the vertices of the heat exchange plate and can block the fluid from entering the openings on the corresponding vertices. The blocking bars are also fixedly connected to the back of another adjacent heat exchange plate; after the hot fluid enters the hot fluid inlet 52, it passes through the openings on the vertices of the heat exchange plates arranged in an aligned manner and is discharged through the hot fluid outlet 53; after the cold fluid enters the cold fluid inlet 54, it passes through the openings on the vertices of the heat exchange plates arranged in an aligned manner and is discharged through the cold fluid outlet 54;The plurality of blocking bars can prevent the hot fluid and the cold fluid flowing between the plurality of heat exchange plates from merging; the cold fluid inlet 54 is connected to the liquid ammonia tank 6, the cold fluid outlet 55 is connected to the ammonia gas inlet 421, the hot fluid inlet 52 is connected to the heating outlet 412, and the hot fluid outlet 55 is connected to the first molten salt tank 1. ;

[0021] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, a first valve 11, a first salt pump 12 and a second valve 13 are sequentially arranged between the first molten salt tank 1 and the molten salt electric heater 3. By controlling the opening of the first valve 11, the molten salt medium in a low temperature state discharged from the first molten salt tank 1 is adjusted. The first salt pump 12 is used to introduce the molten salt medium discharged from the first molten salt tank 1 into the molten salt electric heater 3; the molten salt electric heater 3 can absorb external energy, including natural energy such as abandoned wind / abandoned photovoltaic power and off-peak electricity, to heat the molten salt medium introduced from the first molten salt tank 1. The molten salt medium is heated to a high-temperature molten salt medium and is discharged from the molten salt electric heater 3 to enter the second molten salt tank 2; a third valve 21 and a first thermometer 22 are sequentially arranged between the molten salt electric heater 3 and the second molten salt tank 2. The third valve 21 is used to control the amount of the heated molten salt medium discharged from the molten salt electric heater 3. The first thermometer 22 is used to detect the real-time temperature of the heated molten salt medium. Combined with the third valve 21, it is ensured that the molten salt electric heater 3. The molten salt medium introduced from the first molten salt tank 1 is heated to a certain temperature and then enters the second molten salt storage tank 2. The heated high-temperature molten salt medium enters the second molten salt storage tank 2 to store energy in the form of high-temperature molten salt sensible heat. During the energy use period, the energy can be released by heat exchange with the heat medium to achieve peak load shifting and valley load shifting. Specifically, the molten salt medium is sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or a mixture of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate. The melting point range of the molten salt medium is 140-337°C. The operating temperature range of the molten salt medium is 150-600°C, and the temperature range of the high-temperature molten salt medium after being heated by the molten salt electric heater 3 is 300-600°C to meet the reaction temperature of ammonia decomposition to produce hydrogen; preferably, the molten salt medium is a binary mixed molten salt of 40% potassium nitrate and 60% sodium nitrate; the temperature of the molten salt medium in the first molten salt tank 1 is 140-227°C, the temperature range of the molten salt medium in the second molten salt tank 2 is 300-600°C, and a temperature control mechanism is installed in the molten salt electric heater 3.

[0022] The second molten salt tank 2 is connected to the heating inlet 411 of the reactor 4. In order to increase the pressure of the molten salt entering the reactor 4 and improve the system operation efficiency, specifically, a fourth valve 23 and a second salt pump 24 are sequentially arranged between the second molten salt tank 2 and the reactor 4. The flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt medium entering the reactor 4 from the second molten salt tank 2 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the fourth valve 23. Under the driving action of the second salt pump 24, the high-temperature molten salt enters the reactor 4 to heat the ammonia therein and promote the endothermic decomposition of the ammonia.

[0023] like Figure 2 to Figure 5As shown, the reactor 4 includes a heating pipeline with a curved structure and an ammonia pipeline with a curved structure. Specifically, the reactor 4 is a rectangular structure. A heating inlet 411 and a heating outlet 412 are provided at one end of the reactor 4. The heating inlet 411 and the heating outlet 412 are arranged in the same direction. The extension direction of the heating inlet 411 and the extension direction of the heating outlet 412 are both the same as the extension direction of the reactor 4. The reactor 4 includes an inner wall tube 415, a middle wall tube 423 and an outer wall tube 410 which are sequentially sleeved from the inside to the outside. One end of the outer wall tube 410 of the reactor 4 is connected to the inner wall tube 415. The outer edge of the first heating top plate 416 of the reactor 4 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the outer wall tube 410 of the reactor 4 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the first heating bottom plate 418 of the reactor 4, and the outer wall tube 410, the first heating top plate 416 and the first heating bottom plate 418 together form a closed structure; the inner part of the outer wall tube 410 is sleeved with a middle wall tube 423, and there is a first gap between the inner surface of the outer wall tube 410 and the outer surface of the middle wall tube 423; the ammonia top plate 425 is fixed in the middle of the first heating top plate 416, and the middle of the first heating bottom plate 418 The ammonia bottom plate (not shown) is fixed, and the two ends of the middle wall tube 423 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer edge of the ammonia top plate 425 and the outer edge of the ammonia bottom plate (not shown), and the ammonia top plate 425, the middle wall tube 423 and the ammonia bottom plate (not shown) together form a closed structure, and the first heating baffle 413 is arranged on the two opposite surfaces of the middle wall tube 423, and the first heating baffle 413 is connected to the outer wall tube 410, and one end of the first heating baffle 413 is fixedly connected to the first heating top plate 416, and the other end of the first heating baffle 413 is fixedly connected to the outer wall tube 410. There is a first gap between the first heating bottom plate 418. By arranging the first heating baffle 413 on the outer surface of the middle wall tube 423, the high-temperature molten salt medium introduced through the heating inlet 411 enters the outer wall tube 410, flows along the extension direction of the outer wall tube 410 in the first gap between the outer wall tube 410 and the inner wall tube 423 toward the first heating bottom plate 418, turns back through the first gap between the first heating baffle 413 and the first heating bottom plate 418, and continues to flow toward the first heating top plate 416.

[0024] An inner wall tube 415 is sleeved inside the middle wall tube 423, and a second gap exists between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415. A second heating top plate 417 is fixed in the middle of the ammonia top plate 425, and a second heating bottom plate (not shown) is fixed in the middle of the ammonia bottom plate (not shown). The two ends of the inner wall tube 415 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer edge of the second heating top plate 417 and the outer edge of the second heating bottom plate, and the inner wall tube, the second heating top plate 417 and the second heating bottom plate together form a closed structure, wherein a connecting tube 414 is fixed on the side wall of the inner wall tube 415, and the connecting tube 414 is arranged close to the second heating top plate 417. The connecting tube 414 is a hollow structure, one end of the connecting tube 414 is communicated with the interior of the inner wall tube 415, and the other end of the connecting tube 414 is also correspondingly connected to the side of the middle wall tube 423 and connected to the outer wall tube 410 and The first gap between the middle wall tubes 423 is communicated; ammonia baffles 424 are respectively arranged on the two opposite outer surfaces of the inner wall tube 415, and the ammonia baffle 424 is also connected to the middle wall tube 423, one end of the ammonia baffle 424 is fixedly connected to the ammonia top plate 425, and a second gap exists between the other end of the ammonia baffle 424 and the ammonia bottom plate (not shown); further, the inner wall tube 415 is a hollow structure, and a second heating baffle 4151 is fixed inside the inner wall tube 415, and the installation directions of the second heating baffle 4151 and the connecting tube 414 are perpendicular to each other, one end of the second heating baffle 4151 is fixedly connected to the second heating top plate 417, and a third gap exists between the other end of the second heating baffle 4151 and the second heating bottom plate; the heating outlet 412 is connected to the second heating top plate 417 and communicates with the interior of the inner wall tube 415.

[0025] When the introduced high-temperature molten salt flows in the first gap between the outer wall tube 410 and the middle wall tube 423 toward the direction close to the first heating top plate 416, the high-temperature molten salt directly enters the inner wall tube 415 through the connecting pipe 414 and flows toward the direction close to the second heating bottom plate. Under the blocking effect of the second heating baffle, the high-temperature molten salt flows through the third gap between the second heating baffle 4151 and the second heating bottom plate, turns back and flows toward the direction close to the second heating top plate 417; the turned-back high-temperature molten salt medium flows out through the heating outlet 412 connected to the second heating top plate 417. In this way, the high-temperature molten salt medium achieves a curved and reciprocating flow inside the reactor 4, extending the flow distance and flow time of the high-temperature molten salt medium, so that the heat can be fully transferred and utilized; the heating inlet 411, the first gap between the outer wall tube 410 and the middle wall tube 423, the first gap between the first heating baffle 413 and the first heating bottom plate 418, the connecting pipe 414, the inner wall tube 415, the third gap between the second heating baffle 4151 and the second heating bottom plate, and the heating outlet 412 are connected in sequence to form the heating pipe with a curved shape for the circulation of the high-temperature molten salt medium.

[0026] An ammonia inlet 421 is fixed on the front surface of the outer wall tube 410, and an ammonia outlet 422 is fixed on the rear surface of the outer wall tube 410. The ammonia inlet 421 and the ammonia outlet 422 are both arranged close to the first heating top plate 416. The ammonia inlet 421 passes through the outer wall tube 410 and is connected to the middle wall tube 423, and the ammonia outlet 422 passes through the outer wall tube 410 and is connected to the middle wall tube 423. The ammonia inlet 421 is communicated with the second gap between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415, and the ammonia outlet 422 is communicated with the second gap between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415. When ammonia enters the second gap between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415 through the ammonia inlet 421, the ammonia in The ammonia flows in the second gap between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415 toward the direction close to the ammonia bottom plate (not shown). Under the blocking effect of the two ammonia baffles 424, the ammonia passes through the second gap between the ammonia baffles 424 and the ammonia bottom plate (not shown), turns back and flows toward the direction close to the ammonia top plate 425, and is finally discharged through the ammonia outlet 422 connected to the gap between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415; the ammonia inlet 421, the second gap between the middle wall tube 423 and the inner wall tube 415, the second gap between the ammonia baffles 424 and the ammonia bottom plate (not shown), and the ammonia outlet 422 are connected in sequence to form the ammonia pipeline 42 in a bent shape for ammonia circulation.

[0027] When the heated high-temperature molten salt medium enters the heating inlet 411 and enters the heating pipe, the high-temperature molten salt medium flows through the first gap, the first gap, the connecting pipe 414, the inner wall pipe 415, the third gap in sequence and is finally discharged through the heating outlet 412; and after the ammonia enters through the ammonia inlet 421, the ammonia passes through the second gap and the second gap in sequence and is discharged through the ammonia outlet 422; the high-temperature molten salt medium flows in a curved manner inside the heating pipe, and the ammonia flows in a curved manner in the ammonia pipe 42. The flow trajectory of the high-temperature molten salt medium can cover the flow trajectory of the ammonia, so as to fully heat the ammonia inside the ammonia pipe 42; promote the endothermic decomposition of ammonia to generate hydrogen and nitrogen, and improve the decomposition efficiency of ammonia; and compared with the straight-line flow, the flow distances of the high-temperature molten salt medium and ammonia are both improved. The extension also enables the high-temperature molten salt medium to fully exchange heat with ammonia, promoting a more sufficient and effective conversion of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen; in order to promote the endothermic decomposition of ammonia faster, preferably, the ammonia pipeline 42 is filled with an ammonia decomposition catalyst, and the ammonia decomposition catalyst includes a nickel metal carrier and an active ruthenium metal, and the nickel metal carrier is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the active ruthenium metal is loaded on the through holes of the nickel metal carrier, so that the catalyst has both nickel-based and ruthenium-based active sites, and still has 99.5% ammonia decomposition reaction activity at an air velocity of up to 5000 mL / g•h and a temperature environment of 500°C; ammonia is fully decomposed into a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen in the ammonia pipeline 42 filled with the above-mentioned ammonia decomposition catalyst under the high-temperature heating action of the high-temperature molten salt medium in the heating pipeline; the generated mixed gas is discharged through the ammonia outlet 422.

[0028] exist Figure 6 to Figure 9In the embodiment, the heat exchanger 5 includes a shell 51, the shell 51 is a hollow sealing structure, the shell 51 is a columnar structure, a hot fluid outlet 53 and a cold fluid inlet 54 are provided on the upper surface of the shell 51, a hot fluid inlet 52 and a cold fluid outlet 55 are provided on the lower surface of the shell 51, the hot fluid outlet 53 and the cold fluid inlet 54 are arranged parallel to each other and vertically on the upper surface of the shell 51, the hot fluid outlet 53 and the cold fluid inlet are both communicated with the inside of the shell 51, the hot fluid inlet 52 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are arranged parallel to each other and vertically on the lower surface of the shell 51, the hot fluid inlet 52 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are both communicated with the inside of the shell 51 The shell 51 is provided with a plurality of stacked first heat exchange plates 56 and second heat exchange plates 57, the first heat exchange plates 56 and the second heat exchange plates 57 are stacked and arranged alternately in sequence, the shapes of the first heat exchange plates 56 and the second heat exchange plates 57 correspond to each other, the first heat exchange plate 56 is a rectangular structure, and the first heat exchange plate 56 is provided with four first openings 561, and the four first openings 561 are respectively located at the four vertices of the first heat exchange plate 56; in order to achieve the blocking and diversion effect of the gas, specifically, two first blocking bars 562 are fixed on the front side of the first heat exchange plate 56, and the two first blocking bars 562 are arranged near the corresponding two vertices on one of the diagonals of the first heat exchange plate 56 Each of the first blocking bars 562 is respectively arranged close to the first opening 561 located at the vertex of the diagonal line of the first heat exchange plate 56, and the two ends of the first blocking bar 562 are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the first heat exchange plate 56, and the first blocking bar 562 can prevent the fluid from entering the adjacent first opening 561; so that after the fluid flows through the first opening 561 on the first heat exchange plate 56, under the blocking effect of the two first blocking bars 562, the gas only flows out of the first heat exchange plate 56 through the two first through holes 561 located on another diagonal line of the first heat exchange plate 56 and enters the adjacent second heat exchange plate 57; the second heat exchange plate 57 is a rectangular structure, and the second heat exchange plate 5 Four second openings 571 are provided on the second heat exchange plate 57, and the four second openings 571 are respectively located at the four vertices of the second heat exchange plate 57; in order to achieve the effect of blocking and diverting the gas, specifically, two second blocking bars 572 are fixed on the front side of the second heat exchange plate 57, and the two second blocking bars 572 are arranged close to the corresponding two vertices on one of the diagonals of the second heat exchange plate 57; each of the second blocking bars 572 is arranged close to the second opening 571 located at the diagonal vertices of the second heat exchange plate 57, and the two ends of the second blocking bar 572 are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the second heat exchange plate 57, and the second blocking bar 572 can prevent the fluid from entering the adjacent second openings 571;After the fluid passes through the second opening 571 on the second heat exchange plate 57, under the blocking effect of the two second blocking bars 572, the fluid only flows out through the two second through holes 571 located on another diagonal line of the second heat exchange plate 57; more specifically, the second blocking bars 572 on the second heat exchange plate 57 and the first blocking bars 561 on the first heat exchange plate 56 are symmetrically arranged. ;

[0029] Wherein, a plurality of first heat exchange plates 56 and a plurality of second heat exchange plates 57 are alternately arranged in the shell 1, the second blocking bar 572 on the second heat exchange plate 57 is connected to the back of the adjacent first heat exchange plate 56, and the first blocking bar 562 on the first heat exchange plate 56 is further connected to the back of another adjacent second heat exchange plate 57; the first openings 561 on the four vertices of the first heat exchange plate 56 are aligned with each other, the second openings 571 on the four vertices of the second heat exchange plate 57 are aligned with each other, and the first openings 561 on the first heat exchange plate 56 and the second openings 571 on the adjacent second heat exchange plate 57 are aligned; among the plurality of first heat exchange plates 56 and the plurality of second heat exchange plates 57 that are alternately and stacked with each other, the first heat exchange plate located on the outermost side Two adjacent first openings 561 of 56 are connected to the hot fluid inlet 52 and the cold fluid outlet 55 respectively, and two adjacent second openings 571 of the second heat exchange plate 57 located on the outermost side are connected to the hot fluid outlet 53 and the cold fluid inlet 54 respectively; the hot fluid inlet 52 and the hot fluid outlet 53 are located at two vertices of one of the diagonals of the shell 1, and the cold fluid inlet 54 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are located at two vertices of another diagonal of the shell 1; the hot fluid inlet 52 is connected to the heating outlet 412, and the hot fluid inlet 52 is used to introduce high-temperature molten salt medium after heat exchange; the cold fluid inlet 54 is connected to the liquid ammonia tank 6, and the cold fluid inlet 54 is used to introduce liquid ammonia in the liquid ammonia tank 6.

[0030] When liquid ammonia enters one of the first openings 561 of the first heat exchange plate 56 through the cold fluid inlet 54, the high-temperature molten salt medium directly enters the next adjacent second heat exchange plate 57 under the blocking effect of the side wall, top surface and bottom surface of the shell 1 and the first blocking bar 562 on the first heat exchange plate 56, and enters the next adjacent first heat exchange plate 56 through the two second openings 571 on the second heat exchange plate 57 located on the same diagonal line under the blocking effect of the second blocking bar 572; the liquid ammonia flows between the multiple first heat exchange plates 56 and the multiple second heat exchange plates 57 in this way, and flows through the surfaces of the multiple adjacent second heat exchange plates 57 in sequence during the flow process; similarly When the high-temperature molten salt medium enters one of the second openings 571 of the second heat exchange plate 57 through the hot fluid inlet 52, the high-temperature molten salt medium directly enters the adjacent first heat exchange plate 56 under the blocking effect of the side wall, top surface and bottom surface of the shell 1 and the second blocking bar 572 on the second heat exchange plate 57, and enters the next adjacent second heat exchange plate 57 through the two first openings 561 on the same diagonal line of the first heat exchange plate 56 under the blocking effect of the first blocking bar 562; the high-temperature molten salt medium flows between the plurality of second heat exchange plates 57 and the plurality of first heat exchange plates 56, and flows through the surfaces of the plurality of adjacent first heat exchange plates 56 in sequence during the flow process; During the flow of the high-temperature molten salt medium, its own heat is transferred through a plurality of adjacently arranged heat exchange plates. Since the high-temperature molten salt medium and liquid ammonia flow through the surfaces of the first heat exchange plate 56 and the second heat exchange plate 57 respectively, the heat exchange between the high-temperature molten salt medium and the liquid ammonia can be increased as much as possible during the flow between each other, thereby promoting the heated vaporization of the liquid ammonia to form ammonia gas. At the same time, since the hot fluid inlet 52 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are located on the same surface of the shell 51, the cold fluid inlet 54 and the hot fluid outlet 53 are located on another surface of the shell, and the hot fluid inlet 52 and the hot fluid outlet 53, the cold fluid inlet 54 and the cold fluid outlet 55 are respectively located on different diagonals of the shell 1 , the liquid ammonia and the high-temperature molten salt medium flow in opposite directions inside the shell 1, and form counter-flows with each other during the flow process, which is beneficial to further promote the transfer of heat from the high-temperature molten salt medium to the liquid ammonia; finally, since the first heat exchange plate 56 and the second heat exchange plate 57 are alternately stacked with each other, and the first blocking bar 562 on the first heat exchange plate 56 and the second blocking bar 572 on the second heat exchange plate 57 are symmetrically arranged with each other; the liquid ammonia and the high-temperature molten salt medium bend and flow between the plurality of the first heat exchange plates 56 and the plurality of the second heat exchange plates 57, which increases the flow time of the liquid ammonia and the high-temperature molten salt medium, further improves the heating effect on the liquid ammonia and the overall heat exchange efficiency, so that the liquid ammonia can be fully and completely heated and vaporized into ammonia gas.

[0031] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment, the heating outlet 412 of the reactor 4 is communicated with the hot fluid inlet 52 of the heat exchanger 5, the cold fluid outlet 55 of the heat exchanger 5 is communicated with the ammonia inlet 421 of the reactor 4, a fifth valve 25 is arranged between the heating outlet 412 and the hot fluid inlet 52, a sixth valve 26 is arranged between the cold fluid outlet 55 and the ammonia inlet 421, a seventh valve 27 is arranged between the liquid ammonia tank 6 and the cold fluid inlet 54 of the heat exchanger 5, and an eighth valve 28 is arranged on the ammonia outlet 422 of the reactor 4; by respectively controlling the corresponding valves, the flow rate of ammonia introduced from the heat exchanger 5 into the reactor 4, the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt medium introduced from the reactor 4 into the heat exchanger 5, the flow rate of liquid ammonia introduced from the liquid ammonia tank 6 into the heat exchanger 5, and the flow rate of decomposed hydrogen and nitrogen discharged from the reactor are controlled accordingly; the decomposition of ammonia and the liquid ammonia vapor are realized. balanced and stable operation; in order to achieve effective reuse of the high-temperature molten salt medium and improve the energy utilization rate of the system, specifically, the hot fluid outlet 53 of the heat exchanger 5 is connected to the first molten salt tank 1, and a ninth valve 29, a power pump 7 and a second thermometer 8 are arranged between the hot fluid outlet 53 and the first molten salt tank 1 in sequence. The ninth valve 29, the power pump 7 and the second thermometer 8 are arranged in series in sequence, and the flow rate of the high-temperature molten salt medium after heat exchange discharged from the heat exchanger 5 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the ninth valve 29. The discharged high-temperature molten salt medium enters the first molten salt tank 1 for storage under the driving action of the power pump 7, and the discharged high-temperature molten salt medium flows through the second thermometer 8 arranged in series to accurately control and record the temperature of the molten salt medium, thereby achieving accurate control of the temperature and effective recycling of energy, thereby improving the energy utilization rate of the system.

[0032] The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt for heating is described. By setting up molten salt media of different temperatures separately, compared with a single tank in which hot and cold molten salts coexist in the same room, in a double molten salt tank system, the high-temperature molten salt tank and the low-temperature molten salt tank operate separately and complement each other, which can well reduce the technical risks of heat storage and heat release, and avoid problems such as temperature differences in the tanks. The low-temperature molten salt is first heated and then transferred to the molten salt tank for storage. This sequence can ensure the stability of the system and avoid adverse effects on the molten salt material due to sudden temperature changes. On the basis of the double tank, the number of storage tanks can be further increased to form a multi-tank system to increase the heat storage; and the molten salt is used not only as a heat transfer medium, but also as a heat storage medium. The heat converted from wind / abandoned photovoltaic power and off-peak electricity is stored in a high-temperature molten salt tank, which realizes peak shaving and valley filling of energy consumption and improves the utilization rate of energy. At the same time, combined with a plate heat exchanger with multiple heat exchange plates arranged alternately, the liquid ammonia and the heated molten salt medium can fully exchange heat, further improving the energy utilization rate while also promoting the full liquefaction of ammonia. In the subsequent reactor process, by adjusting the flow direction of molten salt and ammonia, the heat of the molten salt can be fully and effectively transferred to ammonia, promoting the full and complete conversion of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen. That is, this system uses molten salt as a heating and heat storage medium to effectively utilize the energy of off-peak electricity. Combined with a plate heat exchanger and a jacketed ammonia decomposition reactor, it realizes the full and efficient decomposition of ammonia at a lower temperature, improves the temperature control efficiency in the ammonia decomposition process, and jointly realizes the effective control of the ammonia decomposition process and the improvement of ammonia decomposition efficiency, while reducing energy consumption and improving the energy utilization rate of the system.

[0033] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. However, the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating, comprising a first molten salt tank, a second molten salt tank, a molten salt electric heater, a reactor, a heat exchanger and a liquid ammonia tank, characterized in that: The first molten salt tank is filled with a molten salt medium, and the first molten salt tank is connected to the molten salt electric heater; the molten salt electric heater is used to heat the molten salt medium in the first molten salt tank, and the molten salt electric heater is also connected to the second molten salt tank, and the heated molten salt medium flows out of the molten salt electric heater and enters the second molten salt tank; the reactor includes a heating inlet, a heating outlet, an ammonia inlet, an ammonia outlet, a heating top plate, a heating bottom plate and a plurality of three wall tubes of a hollow structure arranged from the inside to the outside, and one end of the three wall tubes is fixed to the heating top plate at the same time , the other ends of the three wall tubes are fixed to the heating bottom plate at the same time, and there are gaps between the three wall tubes arranged from the inside to the outside, the heating inlet is communicated with the gap between the two outer wall tubes, the heating outlet is communicated with the inside of the innermost wall tube, the heating inlet is connected with the heating outlet, the heating inlet and the heating outlet are close to each other and are located at the same end of the reactor; the ammonia inlet is communicated with the gap between the middle wall tube and the innermost wall tube, and the ammonia outlet is communicated with the ammonia inlet through the gap between the middle wall tube and the innermost wall tube ; The ammonia inlet and the ammonia outlet are arranged close to each other and are respectively located on two opposite sides of the reactor; the heating inlet is connected to the second molten salt tank; the shell of the heat exchanger is provided with a hot fluid inlet, a hot fluid outlet, a cold fluid inlet and a cold fluid outlet, the hot fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet are located on the lower surface of the shell, and the hot fluid outlet and the cold fluid inlet are located on the upper surface of the shell; a plurality of rectangular heat exchange plates are stacked inside the shell, and openings are opened on the four vertices of the heat exchange plates, and the openings on the four vertices of the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged in alignment with each other; the hot fluid inlet, the hot fluid outlet, the cold fluid inlet and the cold fluid outlet are respectively connected with the openings at different positions; at least two blocking bars are vertically fixed on the front of each heat exchange plate, the blocking bars are arranged close to the vertices of the heat exchange plate and can block the fluid from entering the openings on the corresponding vertices, and the blocking bars are fixedly connected to the back of another adjacent heat exchange plate at the same time; after the hot fluid enters the hot fluid inlet, it passes through the openings on the vertices of the aligned plurality of heat exchange plates and is discharged through the hot fluid outlet; After the cold fluid enters the cold fluid inlet, it passes through the openings on the vertices of the plurality of heat exchange plates arranged in an aligned manner and is discharged through the cold fluid outlet; The plurality of blocking bars can prevent the hot fluid and the cold fluid flowing between the plurality of heat exchange plates from merging; the cold fluid inlet is connected to the liquid ammonia tank, the cold fluid outlet is connected to the ammonia gas inlet, the hot fluid inlet is connected to the heating outlet, and the hot fluid outlet is connected to the first molten salt tank.

2. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first valve, a first salt pump and a second valve are arranged in sequence between the first molten salt tank and the molten salt electric heater, a third valve and a first thermometer are arranged in sequence between the molten salt electric heater and the second molten salt tank; a temperature control mechanism is installed in the molten salt electric heater; a fourth valve and a second salt pump are arranged in sequence between the second molten salt tank and the reactor.

3. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The molten salt medium is a binary mixed molten salt of potassium nitrate and sodium nitrate, the mass fraction of potassium nitrate in the molten salt medium is 40%, and the mass fraction of sodium nitrate in the molten salt medium is 60%.

4. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature range of the molten salt medium in the first molten salt tank is 140-220°C, and the temperature range of the molten salt medium in the second molten salt tank is 300-600°C.

5. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reactor comprises an outer wall tube and a middle wall tube which are sleeved with each other, the outer wall tube being sleeved on the outside of the middle wall tube, and there is a first gap between the inner surface of the outer wall tube and the outer surface of the middle wall; first heating baffles are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the middle wall tube, the first heating baffle is connected to the outer wall tube, one end of the first heating baffle is fixedly connected to the heating top plate, and there is a first gap between the other end of the first heating baffle and the heating bottom plate; an inner wall tube is sleeved inside the middle wall tube, and there is a second gap between the middle wall tube and the inner wall tube, and the two ends of the inner wall tube are respectively fixedly connected to the heating top plate and the heating bottom plate; the side wall of the inner wall tube A connecting pipe is fixed on it, and the connecting pipe is arranged close to the heating top plate. The connecting pipe is a hollow structure. One end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the interior of the inner wall tube, and the other end of the connecting pipe is also connected to the side of the middle wall tube and communicated with the first gap; an ammonia baffle is arranged opposite to the outer surface of the inner wall tube, and the ammonia baffle is also connected to the middle wall tube. One end of the ammonia baffle is fixedly connected to the heating top plate, and a second gap exists between the other end of the ammonia baffle and the ammonia bottom plate; the heating inlet is communicated with the first gap, and the heating outlet is communicated with the inner wall tube, and the ammonia inlet and the ammonia outlet are both communicated with the second gap.

6. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second heating baffle is fixed in the inner wall tube, one end of the second heating baffle is fixedly connected to the heating top plate, and a third gap exists between the other end of the second heating baffle and the heating bottom plate.

7. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second gap is filled with an ammonia decomposition catalyst, which includes a nickel metal carrier and a ruthenium active metal. The nickel metal carrier is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the ruthenium active metal is loaded inside the through holes.

8. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of stacked first heat exchange plates and second heat exchange plates are arranged inside the shell, the first heat exchange plates and the second heat exchange plates are arranged alternately with each other, four vertices of the first heat exchange plate are respectively provided with four first openings, two first blocking bars are fixed on the front side of the first heat exchange plate, the two first blocking bars are located on the same diagonal line of the first heat exchange plate and are respectively arranged close to the first openings located on the vertices of the diagonal lines of the first heat exchange plate, the two ends of the first blocking bar are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the first heat exchange plate, and the first blocking bar can prevent the fluid from entering the first openings arranged close thereto; four second openings are respectively opened on the four vertices of the second heat exchange plate, two second blocking bars are fixed on the front side of the second heat exchange plate, the two second blocking bars are located on the same diagonal line of the second heat exchange plate and are respectively arranged close to the second openings located on the vertices of the diagonal lines of the second heat exchange plate, the two ends of the second blocking bar are respectively connected to the two adjacent sides of the second heat exchange plate, and the second blocking bar can prevent the fluid from entering the adjacent second openings; The second blocking bars on the second heat exchange plate and the first blocking bars on the first heat exchange plate are arranged symmetrically to each other.

9. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fifth valve is provided between the heating outlet and the hot fluid inlet, a sixth valve is provided between the cold fluid outlet and the ammonia inlet, a seventh valve is provided between the liquid ammonia tank and the cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger, and an eighth valve is provided on the ammonia outlet of the reactor.

10. The ammonia decomposition hydrogen production system using molten salt heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ninth valve, a power pump and a second thermometer are sequentially arranged between the hot fluid outlet and the first molten salt tank, and the ninth valve, the power pump and the second thermometer are sequentially arranged in series.

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