Foundation pit excavation equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses foundation pit excavating equipment and method. The excavating equipment comprises a chassis, two stand columns arranged on one side of the chassis, wheels rotationally connected to the bottom of the chassis, a cantilever connected to the other side of the chassis and an excavating head rotationally connected to the end, away from the chassis, of the cantilever and used for excavating soil. The two stand columns are connected with the chassis in a rotating and sliding mode, each stand column is provided with a driving device used for enabling the stand column to move up and down, and when the stand columns move downwards, the lower ends of the stand columns are inserted into soil. Traveling wheels used for driving the chassis to rotate with the stand column inserted into the soil as the center are further arranged below the chassis. A conveyor is arranged on the cantilever, and a car hopper with an opening in the top is placed on the chassis. The two stand columns are alternately inserted into soil, the walking wheels drive the excavating head to excavate the soil along the arc shape, the conveyor conveys the excavated soil to the car hopper, and therefore excavation operation of a foundation pit can be continuously conducted, and the excavation efficiency of the foundation pit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steel plant infrastructure, and in particular to a foundation pit excavation device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's national economy, the social and economic growth is rapid, and the demand for steel is increasing. As a result, steel enterprises have many projects in reconstruction, expansion and new construction, which requires a large number of infrastructure projects. These infrastructure projects are implemented by the infrastructure departments of steel enterprises.

[0003] Excavation of foundation pits is a common engineering project in many infrastructure projects. Currently, excavation of foundation pits is usually carried out using an excavator, which excavates the soil within the delineated area of ​​the foundation pit and then loads it into the truck bed for transportation.

[0004] Since the excavator works intermittently when digging soil, each time the excavator digs out a bucket of soil, it needs to rotate the digging arm and throw the soil in the bucket into the bucket of the truck waiting nearby. When a truck is full, the excavator will stop working and wait for the truck to leave, the next truck to arrive and take position, and then continue the digging operation. Therefore, a lot of time is wasted in the transportation of soil, which leads to slow excavation speed and low efficiency, and even affects the progress of the project. At the same time, a lot of fuel consumption when the excavator is working is also wasted in the unnecessary transportation of soil.

[0005] The patent application with publication number CN117536285A discloses a foundation pit excavation device, which includes a support mechanism, a digging mechanism and a lifting mechanism. The support mechanism includes a mounting frame, on which a first driving cylinder is used to make the support structure contact and support the pit wall of the pre-excavated foundation pit to fix the mounting frame. A first mounting plate is telescopically arranged on the mounting frame through a second driving cylinder, and the digging mechanism is arranged on the first mounting plate, and the up and down feed amount is realized by the second driving cylinder. The digging mechanism includes an excavation drill bit for downward excavation positioning and a planer roller for horizontal excavation. A shoveling structure is synchronously rotated on the second mounting plate. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting frame movably arranged on the mounting frame, and a lifting bucket is arranged on the lifting frame and is located behind the corresponding shoveling plate along the rotation direction of the second mounting plate. The soil in the lifting bucket is lifted out of the foundation pit through the lifting frame. During the excavation process, the labor intensity of the workers is low, the construction efficiency is greatly improved, and various safety hazards existing in manual excavation of foundation pits are eliminated. However, since the excavating device must be lifted after each excavation, the soil must be dumped, and then the excavating device must be tied back into the excavated foundation pit, a lot of time is spent on the transportation of the soil, the excavation work cannot be maintained continuously, and the work efficiency is low.

[0006] The patent application with publication number CN221255578U discloses a foundation pit excavator, including a traction mechanism, an excavation mechanism is arranged above the traction mechanism, and a transport mechanism is connected to one side of the traction mechanism. The excavation mechanism is an excavator, and the bucket of the excavator must rotate once each time it excavates to send the soil in the bucket to the transport mechanism, which will generate a lot of transportation time. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a foundation pit excavation device and method, which are used to solve the problem of slow excavation speed and low efficiency when excavating the foundation pit using an excavator.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] A foundation pit excavation equipment comprises a chassis, two columns arranged on one side of the chassis, wheels rotatably connected to the bottom of the chassis, a cantilever connected to the other side of the chassis, and an excavation head rotatably connected to the end of the cantilever away from the chassis for digging soil; the two columns are connected to the chassis in both rotation and sliding manner, and each column is provided with a driving device for moving it up and down, and when the column moves downward, the lower end of the column is inserted into the soil; a walking wheel for driving the chassis to rotate around the column inserted into the soil is also provided under the chassis; a conveyor is provided on the cantilever, and a truck bucket with a top opening is placed on the chassis, one end of the conveyor is close to the side where the excavation head is unearthed, and the other end is located above the truck bucket.

[0010] Furthermore, a vertical support plate is provided on one side of the chassis away from the column, the cantilever is rotatably connected to the top of the support plate, a second hydraulic cylinder is provided under the cantilever, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the support plate, and the other end is hinged to the cantilever.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower part of the column is spiral-shaped, and the driving device includes a worm wheel mounted on the upper part of the column, the worm wheel is rotatably connected to the chassis, the worm wheel and the column are slidably connected, a worm rack is provided on the chassis, a worm is rotatably connected to the worm rack, and a motor for driving the worm to rotate is provided on the worm rack.

[0012] Furthermore, a fourth hydraulic cylinder is provided on the chassis next to the worm gear frame, one end of the worm gear frame is hinged to the chassis, one end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the chassis, and the other end is hinged to the middle part of the worm gear frame. When the fourth hydraulic cylinder is actuated, it drives the worm gear frame to approach the worm wheel or move away from the worm wheel. When the worm gear frame approaches the worm wheel, the worm and the worm wheel are meshed, and when the worm gear frame moves away from the worm wheel, the worm and the worm wheel are disengaged.

[0013] Furthermore, a swing arm is provided at one end of the cantilever away from the chassis, one end of the swing arm is hinged to the cantilever, the excavator head is arranged at the other end of the swing arm, and a third hydraulic cylinder for driving the swing arm to swing is provided on the cantilever.

[0014] Furthermore, a slide rail is provided on the chassis, the direction of the slide rail is perpendicular to the plane where the axes of the two columns are located, the support plate is slidably connected to the chassis through the slide rail, and the chassis is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder for driving the support plate to slide along the chassis.

[0015] Furthermore, the travel wheel includes a circular wheel disc and a paddle fixedly arranged on the circumference of the wheel disc, and the axis of the wheel disc is perpendicular to the plane where the axes of the two columns are located.

[0016] Furthermore, the excavator head includes a cylinder and pins with tapered outer ends uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to a first hydraulic motor.

[0017] A foundation pit excavation method, using a foundation pit excavation device, comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, the driving device drives one of the columns to move downward and insert into the soil, the excavating head excavates the soil on the ground, and piles the excavated soil at the feeding end of the conveyor, and then the conveyor transports the excavated soil into the bucket;

[0019] S2, the traveling wheels drive the chassis to rotate along the column, driving the excavating head to rotate around the column as the center while excavating the soil, thereby excavating the soil in an arc-shaped trajectory;

[0020] S3, after the chassis rotates 180 degrees, the driving device pulls out the column inserted into the soil and inserts another column into the soil. Then the walking wheels drive the excavator head to rotate in the opposite direction to the previous direction with the column inserted into the soil as the center to excavate the soil, and the excavated soil is transported to the truck bucket through the conveyor.

[0021] Further, S4, the above steps are repeated, the two uprights are alternately driven into the soil, and the excavating head excavates the soil layer by layer. If the soil in the bucket is full, the bucket is lifted away by a crane, the soil in the bucket is poured out, and then the bucket is returned to its original position;

[0022] S5, if the excavation reaches the edge of the foundation pit, the chassis continues to rotate 180 degrees to achieve a U-turn, and then repeats the above steps to excavate the second layer of soil until the foundation pit is dug.

[0023] The positive effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention comprises a chassis, two columns arranged on one side of the chassis, a wheel rotatably connected to the bottom of the chassis, a cantilever connected to the other side of the chassis, and an excavator head rotatably connected to the end of the cantilever away from the chassis. The two columns are connected to the chassis in both rotation and sliding manner, and each column is provided with a driving device for moving it up and down. When the column moves downward, the lower end of the column is inserted into the soil; and a running wheel for driving the chassis to rotate around the column inserted into the soil is also provided under the chassis. A conveyor is provided on the cantilever, and a bucket with an open top is placed on the chassis. When the present invention is working, the driving device first drives one of the columns to move downward and insert into the soil, and the excavator head excavates the soil on the ground, and the excavated soil is piled up at the feeding end of the conveyor, and then the conveyor transports the excavated soil to the bucket. Then the running wheel drives the chassis to rotate along the column, and drives the excavator head to rotate around the column while excavating the soil, so as to excavate the soil in an arc-shaped trajectory. After the chassis rotates 180 degrees, the driving device pulls out the column inserted into the soil and inserts another column into the soil. Then the walking wheel drives the excavating head to rotate in the opposite direction to the previous direction with the column inserted into the soil as the center, continues to excavate the soil, and conveys the excavated soil to the bucket through the conveyor. Therefore, the present invention can continuously excavate the soil, and the excavating head transfers the soil to the bucket while excavating, so that the excavation of the foundation pit can be carried out continuously, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the foundation pit. In actual work, the two buckets can be used alternately (that is, after one bucket is filled with soil, it is lifted away by a crane and immediately replaced by another bucket), so as to maintain the continuity of work and further improve work efficiency.

[0025] 2. A support plate is provided on the top surface of the chassis, and a pair of second hydraulic cylinders are provided under the cantilever. The cantilever, the second hydraulic cylinder and the support plate are distributed in a triangular shape. The hydraulic station controls the action of the second hydraulic cylinder, so that the outer end of the cantilever can swing up and down, and the distance between the outer end of the conveyor and the soil can be adjusted to make the conveyor as close to the ground as possible. When the present invention is transferred, the outer end of the cantilever can be lifted by the second hydraulic cylinder, so that the excavating head can be raised, so as to avoid the excavating head from being damaged by collision during the transfer.

[0026] 3. A pair of slide rails are provided on the chassis, and two support plates are slidably connected to the chassis through the corresponding slide rails. A first hydraulic cylinder is provided on the chassis. The hydraulic station controls the action of the first hydraulic cylinder, thereby driving the two support plates to move synchronously along the slide rails, and then driving the excavator to move, thereby adjusting the swing radius of the excavator. At the same time, the position where the soil sent to the bucket by the conveyor falls can also be adjusted to fill the bucket with soil.

[0027] 4. During the actual excavation operation, one of the columns is inserted into the soil, and the other column is raised and separated from the soil, so that the present invention can swing back and forth with one of the columns as the center. At the same time, the swing radius of the excavation head is adjusted by the first hydraulic cylinder, so that the excavation head can sweep a larger area and reduce the excavation blind area.

[0028] 5. The bottom of the column is spiral-shaped, and the column is inserted into the soil through a worm gear mechanism, making it easy to insert or pull out of the soil.

[0029] 6. The excavator head includes a cylinder and pins evenly distributed on the outer circle of the cylinder, and the outer ends of the pins are all conical. The cylinder is drum-shaped with a thick middle and thin ends, and the pins are fixed along the outer wall of the cylinder. Since the cylinder is drum-shaped, its diameter gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends, so when the excavator head swings on the soil driven by the cantilever, the resistance of the soil to the excavator head can be reduced. In actual manufacturing, the cylinder and the pins can be cast as one piece, and the material is wear-resistant white cast iron, which has high hardness and good wear resistance, and can significantly increase the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is a side view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top view of

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle I part;

[0033] Figure 4 It is the walking route map of the present invention at work;

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the middle II part;

[0035] In the figure:

[0036] 1. Wheels; 2. Chassis; 3. Columns; 4. Truck bed; 5. First hydraulic cylinder;

[0037] 6. Slide rail; 7. Cantilever; 8. Conveyor; 9. Support plate; 10. Second hydraulic cylinder;

[0038] 11. The third hydraulic cylinder; 12. The swing arm; 13. The excavator head; 14. The travel wheel; 15. The second hydraulic motor;

[0039] 16. Worm wheel; 17. Worm; 18. Fourth hydraulic cylinder; 19. First hydraulic motor; 20. Worm rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described implementation methods are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of the implementation methods is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present application and its application or use. Based on the implementation methods in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms “include” and / or “comprise” are used in the present specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a foundation pit excavation equipment includes a rectangular chassis 2, two vertical columns 3 arranged side by side in the front-to-back direction near the left end of the chassis 2, a pair of wheels 1 rotatably connected to the front and rear sides of the bottom of the chassis 2, a cantilever 7 connected to the right side of the chassis 2, and an excavation head 13 for digging soil rotatably connected to the right end of the cantilever 7, wherein the cantilever 7 is a truss structure formed by welding profiles, which ensures the firmness of the support, reduces the weight of the cantilever 7, and saves materials.

[0045] The two columns 3 are connected to the chassis 2 in both rotation and sliding manner (that is, the columns 3 can move vertically up and down along the chassis 2 while rotating on the chassis 2). Each column 3 is provided with a driving device for moving the corresponding column 3 up and down. When the column 3 moves downward, the lower end of the column 3 is inserted into the soil.

[0046] A running wheel 14 is also provided near the right end below the chassis 2, and the axis of the running wheel 14 is in the left-right direction, and the running wheel 14 is rotatably connected to the chassis 2. When the chassis 2 rotates, the rotating shaft is a column 3 inserted into the soil. A conveyor 8 is provided at the lower part of the cantilever 7, and the conveyor 8 is a belt conveyor. A rectangular bucket 4 with an open top is placed on the chassis 2, and the right end of the conveyor 8 is close to the left side of the excavator 13, and the left end of the excavator 8 is located above the bucket 4. The conveyor 8 is used to deliver the soil excavated by the excavator 13 to the bucket 4.

[0047] The excavator head 13 includes a cylinder and pins uniformly distributed on the outer circumference of the cylinder in the axial and radial directions. The outer ends of the pins are all conical, and the cylinder is connected to a first hydraulic motor 19. The cylinder is drum-shaped with a thick middle and thin ends, and the pins are fixedly arranged along the outer wall of the cylinder.

[0048] In actual manufacturing, the cylinder and the pin can be cast in one piece. The material is wear-resistant white cast iron, such as KmTBCr26. This material has high hardness and good wear resistance. It is usually used as a plow or other farm tools in agriculture, which can significantly increase the service life.

[0049] Since the cylinder is drum-shaped, its diameter gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends, so when the digging head 13 swings on the soil driven by the cantilever 7, the resistance of the soil to the digging head 13 can be reduced. The digging head 13 turns clockwise (from Figure 1 When the excavating head 13 rotates, the pins break and dig out the soil, and then the excavated soil is sent to the lower right end of the conveyor 8 on the left side of the excavating head 13, and then the conveyor 8 transports the soil to the upper left into the bucket 4.

[0050] Crescent-shaped swing arms 12 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the right end of the cantilever 7. The left ends of the two swing arms 12 are respectively hinged to the corresponding lugs welded on the front and rear sides near the left end of the cantilever 7. The excavation head 13 is arranged between the right ends of the two swing arms 12, and the two swing arms 12 are respectively rotatably connected to the corresponding side of the cylinder of the excavation head 13.

[0051] A connecting plate connecting the two swing arms 12 is welded near the left end, and the two swing arms 12 are connected as a whole by the connecting plate, so that the two swing arms 12 can keep consistent when swinging. A third hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided on the top of the cantilever 7 to the right of the swing arm 12, one end of the third hydraulic cylinder 11 is hinged to the connecting plate, and the other end is hinged to the mounting plate welded to the top of the cantilever 7. The first hydraulic motor 19 is fixedly arranged on the rear swing arm 12, and the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor 19 is fixedly connected to the center of the barrel of the excavator head 13.

[0052] When the first hydraulic motor 19 is working, it can drive the excavating head 13 to rotate, thereby excavating the soil.

[0053] When the third hydraulic cylinder 11 is in motion, it drives the swing arm 12 to swing, and then drives the excavating head 13 to swing, so that the excavating depth of the excavating head 13 can be adjusted, or the excavating head 13 can be lifted during transfer to make the excavating head 13 out of contact with the soil.

[0054] The travel wheel 14 includes a circular wheel disc and rectangular paddles welded on the circumference of the wheel disc. The paddles are radially distributed around the wheel disc. The paddles are all arranged along the radial direction of the wheel disc. The axis of the wheel disc is perpendicular to the plane where the axes of the two columns 3 are located.

[0055] A mounting plate is welded to the bottom of the chassis 2, and the wheel disc is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. A second hydraulic motor 15 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, and an output shaft of the second hydraulic motor 15 is connected to the wheel disc via a coupling.

[0056] When the second hydraulic motor 15 rotates, it drives the wheel disc to rotate.

[0057] A hydraulic station is provided on the chassis 2 , and the hydraulic station provides hydraulic oil to the first hydraulic motor 19 and the second hydraulic motor 15 .

[0058] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the method for excavating a foundation pit using the above excavation equipment is as follows:

[0059] exist Figure 4 In the figure, the vertical arrow at the bottom points to the excavation direction of the foundation pit, and the excavation is performed from direction C to D. The arrow direction on the arc line is the swing direction of the excavation head 13 when excavating the soil.

[0060] exist Figure 4 The figure shows four working positions of the present invention when excavating from the direction C to D, which are the first working position on the upper left, the second working position on the upper right, the third working position on the lower left, and the fourth working position on the lower right. Only four working positions are drawn in this figure, and in actual excavation, there are also the fifth working position and the sixth working position in the direction of the arrow below, etc.

[0061] The present invention follows the following steps during operation:

[0062] S1, the first workstation is the starting working position of the present invention.

[0063] The driving device drives the column 3 close to D to move downward and insert it into the soil. The excavating head 13 excavates the soil on the ground and piles the excavated soil to the left at the feeding end of the conveyor 8. Then the conveyor 8 transports the excavated soil to the bucket 4.

[0064] S2, the traveling wheel 14 drives the chassis 2 to rotate along the column 3 inserted into the soil, and drives the excavating head 13 to rotate clockwise around the column 3 while excavating the soil, thereby excavating the soil in an arc-shaped trajectory.

[0065] S3, the chassis 2 rotates 180 degrees and reaches the second workstation, the driving device pulls out the column 3 previously inserted into the soil, inserts another column 3 into the soil, and then the walking wheel 14 drives the excavating head 13 to rotate counterclockwise to the third workstation with the column 3 inserted into the soil as the center, at this time the chassis 2 moves along the direction from C to D, and the distance traveled is the distance between the two columns 3. The excavating head 13 excavates the soil and conveys the excavated soil to the bucket 4 through the conveyor 8.

[0066] S4, repeat the above steps, the two columns 3 are alternately driven into the soil, and the excavating head 13 excavates the soil layer by layer. If the bucket 4 is full of soil, the bucket 4 is lifted away by a crane, the soil in the bucket 4 is poured out, and then the bucket 4 is put back to its original position.

[0067] S5, assuming that when reaching the fourth work station, the excavation reaches the edge of the foundation pit, the chassis 2 continues to rotate 180 degrees clockwise to achieve a U-turn, and then the second layer of soil is excavated from D to C.

[0068] Then repeat the above steps until the foundation pit is dug.

[0069] Figure 4 The shaded portion in the figure is the portion swept by the excavating head of the present invention.

[0070] The present invention can continuously excavate the soil, and the excavating head 13 transfers the soil to the bucket 4 while excavating, so that the excavation operation of the foundation pit can be continuously carried out, and the excavation efficiency of the foundation pit is improved. In actual work, the two buckets 4 can be used alternately (that is, after one bucket 4 is filled with soil, it is lifted away by a crane and another bucket 4 is immediately placed), so as to further improve the work efficiency and make the excavation operation more continuous.

[0071] Therefore, when the present invention is used for excavation, the ineffective auxiliary time can be greatly reduced, and there is no need for a truck to enter the foundation pit being excavated.

[0072] The hydraulic station can be driven by electricity, thereby making the excavation cost of the foundation pit lower. After the foundation pit is dug, the present invention can be disassembled and lifted out by a crane.

[0073] In this embodiment, the rotation of the travel wheel and the rotation of the excavator head are driven by a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic motor can provide large torque and is more suitable for work requirements under heavy loads. At the same time, since the liquid transmission method of the hydraulic motor is smoother than that of mechanical transmission, it has higher stability and stability. The hydraulic motor has higher reliability. There is nothing inside the hydraulic motor, which is simpler than mechanical transmission, so it has higher reliability and life. At the same time, the hydraulic motor has a wide speed regulation range. The hydraulic motor can adjust the speed by changing the flow and pressure of the hydraulic station. Therefore, it has a wide speed regulation range, strong adaptability, and strong load capacity, and can withstand large loads and working resistance.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0076] A pair of vertical support plates 9 are provided at the right end of the top surface of the chassis 2, and the two support plates 9 are arranged on the top surface of the chassis 2 along the front-rear direction. The left part of the middle part of the cantilever 7 is sandwiched between the two support plates 9 and is rotatably connected to the top of the support plate 9, and the conveyor 8 is located between the two support plates 9. A pair of second hydraulic cylinders 10 are provided under the cantilever 7, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 10 is hinged to the right side of the corresponding support plate 9 near the bottom, and the other end is hinged to the corresponding side of the cantilever 7. The positions where the cantilever 7, the second hydraulic cylinder 10 and the support plate 9 are connected to each other are connected in sequence to form a triangle.

[0077] The hydraulic station controls the second hydraulic cylinder 10 to move, thereby realizing the up and down swinging of the right end of the cantilever 7, adjusting the distance between the right end of the conveyor 8 and the soil, and making the conveyor 8 as close to the ground as possible.

[0078] When the present invention is transferred, the right end of the cantilever 7 can be lifted by the second hydraulic cylinder 10, so that the digging head 13 is raised, and the digging head 13 is prevented from being damaged by collision during the transfer. After the column 3 is raised, the right end of the cantilever 7 can be dragged away by dragging the present invention.

[0079] A pair of mutually parallel slide rails 6 are provided on the chassis 2 near the right end, and the two slide rails 6 are arranged in the left and right directions, and the two slide rails 6 are respectively located under the corresponding support plates 9. Slide blocks are slidably connected to the two slide rails 6, and the two support plates 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding slide blocks, so that the two support plates 9 are slidably connected to the chassis 2 through the corresponding slide rails 6.

[0080] The chassis 2 is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder 5 above each slide rail 6 in the same direction as the slide rail 6. The right end of the first hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged to the corresponding support plate 9, and the left end is hinged to the lug welded on the chassis 2.

[0081] The hydraulic station controls the two first hydraulic cylinders 5 to move synchronously, thereby driving the two support plates 9 to move left and right along the slide rails 9 synchronously, thereby adjusting the swing radius of the excavating head 13.

[0082] At the same time, the position where the soil delivered to the bucket 4 by the conveyor 8 falls can be adjusted so that the bucket 4 is filled with the soil.

[0083] During actual excavation, one of the columns 3 is inserted into the soil, and the other column 3 is lifted and separated from the soil, so that the present invention can swing back and forth with one of the columns 3 as the center. At the same time, the swing radius of the excavating head 13 is adjusted by the first hydraulic cylinder 5, so that the excavating head 13 can sweep a larger area and reduce the excavation blind area.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that:

[0086] The lower part of the column 3 is spiral-shaped, and the bottom of the column 3 is pointed. The driving device includes a worm gear 16 sleeved on the upper part of the column 3. The worm gear 16 is rotatably connected to the chassis 2. The worm gear 16 and the column 3 are slidably connected via a sliding key. A worm rack 20 is provided on the chassis 2, and a worm 17 is rotatably connected to the worm rack 20. A motor is fixedly provided on the worm rack 20, and the motor is connected to the worm 17 via a sleeve coupling.

[0087] A fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 is provided on the chassis 2 beside the worm frame 20 . One end of the worm frame 20 is hinged to the chassis 2 . One end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 is hinged to the chassis 2 , and the other end is hinged to the middle of the worm frame 20 .

[0088] When the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 is extended or retracted, the worm frame 20 is driven to swing around the hinged portion between the worm frame 20 and the bottom plate 2, thereby driving the worm frame 20 to approach or move away from the worm wheel 16. When the worm frame 20 approaches the worm wheel 16, the worm 17 is meshed with the worm wheel 16, and when the worm frame 20 moves away from the worm wheel 16, the worm 17 and the worm wheel 16 are disengaged.

[0089] The hydraulic station drives the worm gear frame 20 to rotate through the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18, so that the worm 17 and the worm wheel 16 are meshed. When the motor rotates, the worm gear 16 is driven to rotate through the worm 17, and then the column 3 is driven to rotate, so that the lower end of the column 3 is drilled into the soil. Then the hydraulic station drives the worm gear frame 20 to rotate by driving the fourth hydraulic cylinder 18 to separate the worm 17 and the worm wheel 16, and the walking wheel 14 can drive the chassis 2 to rotate around the column 3 inserted into the soil.

[0090] Similarly, after the worm 17 and the worm wheel 16 are meshed, the motor rotates in a direction opposite to the previous rotation direction, and after the column 3 is reversed, the column 3 can be pulled out of the soil.

[0091] In order to prevent the bottom of the pulled-out column 3 from sinking deeper and deeper into the soil when the chassis 2 swings, an electromagnetic brake can be set on the chassis 2. When the lower part of the column 3 is pulled out of the soil, the electromagnetic brake holds the column 3 tightly to prevent the column 3 from falling.

[0092] The electromagnetic brake drives a pair of brakes through an electromagnet to clamp and release the components between the two brakes. The setting and installation method of the electromagnetic brake are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0093] The above-mentioned embodiments describe the contents in a relatively detailed and specific manner, expressing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention. The purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly, but they are not limited to the present invention alone, and the patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited only by this embodiment. That is, any equivalent changes or modifications made to the spirit disclosed by the present invention, for researchers or technicians in the field, without departing from the structure of the present invention, local improvements within the system and changes and transformations between subsystems, etc., are still within the patent scope of the present invention. At present, the technical solution of this application has been pilot-tested, that is, a small-scale experiment of the product before large-scale mass production; after the pilot test, a user use survey was conducted in a small range, and the survey results showed that the user satisfaction was high; now we are preparing for the formal production of the product for industrialization, including an intellectual property risk warning survey.

Claims

1. A foundation pit excavation equipment, characterized in that: The invention comprises a chassis (2), two columns (3) arranged on one side of the chassis (2), a wheel (1) rotatably connected to the bottom of the chassis (2), a cantilever (7) connected to the other side of the chassis (2), and an excavator head (13) rotatably connected to the end of the cantilever (7) away from the chassis (2) for excavating soil; the two columns (3) are connected to the chassis (2) in a rotatable and sliding manner, and each column (3) is provided with a driving device for moving it up and down, and when the column (3) moves downward, the lower end of the column (3) is inserted into the soil; a running wheel (14) is also provided below the chassis (2) for driving the chassis (2) to rotate around the column (3) inserted into the soil; a conveyor (8) is provided on the cantilever (7), and a bucket (4) with a top opening is placed on the chassis (2), one end of the conveyor (8) is close to the side where the excavator head (13) emerges from the soil, and the other end is located above the bucket (4).

2. A foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vertical support plate (9) is provided on one side of the chassis (2) away from the column (3); the cantilever (7) is rotatably connected to the top of the support plate (9); a second hydraulic cylinder (10) is provided below the cantilever (7); one end of the second hydraulic cylinder (10) is hinged to the support plate (9) and the other end is hinged to the cantilever (7).

3. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the column (3) is spiral-shaped, and the driving device comprises a worm wheel (16) sleeved on the upper part of the column (3), the worm wheel (16) is rotatably connected to the chassis (2), the worm wheel (16) and the column (3) are slidably connected, a worm rack (17) is provided on the chassis (2), a worm (17) is rotatably connected to the worm rack (17), and a motor for driving the worm (17) to rotate is provided on the worm rack (17).

4. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fourth hydraulic cylinder (18) is provided on the chassis (2) beside the worm gear frame (17); one end of the worm gear frame (17) is hinged to the chassis (2); one end of the fourth hydraulic cylinder (18) is hinged to the chassis (2), and the other end is hinged to the middle of the worm gear frame (17); when the fourth hydraulic cylinder (18) is in motion, it drives the worm gear frame (17) to approach the worm wheel (16) or to move away from the worm wheel (16); when the worm gear frame (17) approaches the worm wheel (16), the worm (17) and the worm wheel (16) are meshed; when the worm gear frame (17) moves away from the worm wheel (16), the worm (17) and the worm wheel (16) are disengaged.

5. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A swing arm (12) is provided at one end of the cantilever (7) away from the chassis (2), one end of the swing arm (12) is hinged to the cantilever (7), the excavator head (13) is arranged at the other end of the swing arm (12), and a third hydraulic cylinder (11) is provided on the cantilever (7) for driving the swing arm (12) to swing.

6. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chassis (2) is provided with a slide rail (6), the direction of the slide rail (6) is perpendicular to the plane where the axes of the two columns (3) are located, the support plate (9) is slidably connected to the chassis (2) through the slide rail (6), and the chassis (2) is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder (5) for driving the support plate (9) to slide along the chassis (2).

7. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The running wheel (14) comprises a circular wheel disc and a paddle fixedly arranged on the circumference of the wheel disc, and the axis of the wheel disc is perpendicular to the plane where the axes of the two columns (3) are located.

8. The foundation pit excavation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The excavator head (13) comprises a cylinder and pins with conical outer ends evenly distributed on the outer circumference of the cylinder. The cylinder is connected to a first hydraulic motor (19).

9. A foundation pit excavation method, characterized in that: Using a foundation pit excavation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: S1, the driving device drives one of the pillars (3) to move downward and insert into the soil, the digging head (13) digs the soil on the ground, and piles the excavated soil at the feeding end of the conveyor (8), and then the conveyor (8) transports the excavated soil to the bucket (4); S2, the walking wheel (14) drives the chassis (2) to rotate along the column (3), driving the excavating head (13) to rotate around the column (3) while excavating the soil, thereby excavating the soil in an arc-shaped trajectory; S3, after the chassis (2) rotates 180 degrees, the driving device pulls out the column (3) inserted into the soil and inserts another column (3) into the soil, and then the walking wheel (14) drives the excavating head (13) to rotate in the opposite direction to the previous direction with the column (3) inserted into the soil as the center, excavates the soil, and transports the excavated soil to the bucket (4) through the conveyor (8).

10. A foundation pit excavation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: S4, repeating S1 to S3, the two uprights (3) are alternately driven into the soil, and the excavating head (13) excavates the soil layer by layer. If the soil in the bucket (4) is full, the bucket (4) is lifted away by a crane, the soil in the bucket (4) is dumped out, and then the bucket (4) is returned to its original position; S5, if the excavation reaches the edge of the foundation pit, the chassis (2) continues to rotate 180 degrees to achieve a U-turn, and then repeats the above steps to excavate the second layer of soil until the foundation pit is dug.

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