Capillary wick for controlling fluid flow through spatial structure and flat plate type evaporator
By designing the spatial structure of the folded line main channel and branch channel in the capillary core, the reverse flow of fluid is hindered, and the problem of heat leakage in the loop heat pipe is solved, and the operation stability and heat transfer performance are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310805308.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
Improper design of the internal space structure of the capillary core causes the working fluid to flow from the evaporation area in the flat-panel evaporator to the liquid storage area when the loop heat pipe is running, causing heat leakage problems and affecting the performance of the loop heat pipe.
Design a capillary core, including multiple spatial structure channels distributed in the capillary core body, each channel includes a main channel and a branch channel. The main channel is in a curved or wavy shape, and the branch channel is arranged in the main channel channel. The corner of the rotating point is to hinder the reverse flow of fluid, ensuring that the resistance is small when the fluid flows forward and large when the reverse flow is reverse.
It effectively reduces heat leakage during the start and operation of the loop heat pipe, and improves the operating stability and heat transfer performance of the loop heat pipe.
Smart Images
Figure CN119245402A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of loop heat pipe radiators, and in particular to a capillary core for controlling fluid flow by using a spatial structure and a flat plate evaporator using the capillary core. Background Art
[0002] The loop heat pipe radiator is a high-performance heat dissipation component with a simple structure and good temperature resistance and reliability. Due to its good heat dissipation performance and high temperature resistance, it is widely used in aerospace, aviation, military, electric power, metallurgy and other industries. The capillary wick is a key component for fluid transmission in the flat-plate evaporator of the loop heat pipe. Evaporation and condensation are carried out through the vapor-liquid interface between the capillary wick and the inner wall of the collector, thereby realizing heat transmission. Improper design of the internal space structure of the capillary wick will cause the working fluid to flow from the evaporation area in the flat-plate evaporator to the liquid storage area when the loop heat pipe is running, resulting in serious heat leakage problems, which will directly affect the performance of the loop heat pipe. Summary of the invention
[0003] The present invention is made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a capillary wick and a flat plate evaporator which control the flow of fluid by using a spatial structure.
[0004] The present invention provides a capillary core for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure, which is used in a flat-plate evaporator and has the following characteristics: a capillary core body; and a plurality of spatial structure channels distributed in the capillary core body, each of which comprises a main channel and a branch channel, wherein the main channel is in a zigzag shape and extends axially to the two end faces of the capillary core body, with the direction in which the fluid flows from one end of the main channel to the other end being the forward direction and the reverse direction being the reverse direction, and the branch channel being arranged at the corner of the main channel to prevent the reverse flow of the fluid.
[0005] The capillary core for controlling fluid flow by using a spatial structure provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the capillary core body is in a flat cylindrical shape.
[0006] The capillary core for controlling fluid flow by using a spatial structure provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: a plurality of spatial structure channels are independent of each other and are distributed in an array.
[0007] The capillary core for controlling fluid flow by using a spatial structure provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the minimum spacing between adjacent spatial structure channels is 0.1 mm.
[0008] In the capillary core provided by the present invention for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure, the following characteristics may also be provided: each corner of the main channel is equal in size, greater than or equal to 120° and less than 180°, and the angle with the radial plane of the capillary core body is greater than or equal to 60° and less than 90°.
[0009] In the capillary core for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure provided by the present invention, it can also have the following characteristics: the channel section near one end of the main channel at each corner is the first channel section, and the channel section near the other end of the main channel is the second channel section, and the branch channel includes a straight line segment and an arc segment, the straight line segment extends in the reverse direction along the corner end of the second channel segment at the corner, the arc segment is tangent to the straight line segment, and one end is connected to the end of the straight line segment, and the other end is connected to the first channel section at the corner.
[0010] The capillary core for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: the angle between the straight line segment and the first channel segment at the corner is 30°-60°, and the radius of the outer periphery of the arc segment is 0.37 mm.
[0011] The capillary core for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure provided by the present invention may also have the following characteristics: the number of branch channels is multiple and is equal to the number of corners of the main channel.
[0012] The capillary core for controlling fluid flow by using a spatial structure provided by the present invention may also have the following feature: the spacings between adjacent branch channels in the axial direction of the capillary core body are equal.
[0013] The present invention also provides a flat plate evaporator, comprising a capillary core, an evaporator shell, and a heating base plate, and having the following characteristics: the capillary core is the above-mentioned capillary core that uses a spatial structure to control the flow of fluid.
[0014] Functions and Effects of the Invention
[0015] According to the capillary wick and flat plate evaporator for controlling fluid flow with spatial structure involved in the present invention, the capillary wick includes a capillary wick body and a plurality of spatial structure channels distributed in the capillary wick body, each spatial structure channel includes a main channel and a branch channel, the main channel is in a zigzag or wavy shape and extends to the two end faces of the capillary wick body, the branch channel is arranged at the corner of the main channel, and is used to hinder the reverse flow of the fluid, when the fluid flows forward along the spatial structure channel, the resistance is small, and when it flows reversely, the resistance is large. For the flat plate evaporator using the capillary wick, the flow direction of the working fluid from the liquid storage area to the evaporation area is forward, and the resistance is small, and the flow direction from the evaporation area to the liquid storage area is reverse, and the resistance is large, so that the forward flow of the liquid can be ensured while hindering the flow of the steam from the evaporation area to the liquid storage area, thereby reducing the heat leakage during the startup and operation of the loop heat pipe, and improving the operation stability and heat transfer performance of the loop heat pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal space structure of the capillary core in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a spatial structure channel in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a capillary wick applied to a flat-plate loop heat pipe in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0019] Description of reference numerals:
[0020] 1 flat plate evaporator; 101 evaporator housing; 102 heating base plate; 103 liquid storage area; 104 evaporation area; 2 steam pipe; 3 condenser; 4 liquid pipe; 5 ferrule joint; 100 capillary wick; 10 capillary wick body; 20 spatial structure channel; 21 main channel; 211 first channel segment; 212 second channel segment; 22 branch channel; 221 straight line segment; 222 arc segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is specifically described in the following embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0022] Example
[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal space structure of the capillary core 100, Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the space structure channel 20.
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a capillary wick 100 for controlling fluid flow by using a spatial structure, which is used in a flat-plate evaporator 1 and includes a capillary wick body 10 and a plurality of spatial structure channels 20 arranged in the capillary wick body 10 .
[0025] The capillary core body 10 is in a flat cylindrical shape, usually with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 4-6 mm. When the capillary core 100 is arranged in the flat plate evaporator 1, the capillary core body 10 is arranged horizontally, and the upper end face of the capillary core body 10 corresponds to the liquid storage area of the flat plate evaporator, and the lower end face corresponds to the evaporation area of the flat plate evaporator.
[0026] Multiple spatial structure channels 20 are arranged in an array on the capillary core body 10. Each spatial structure channel 20 is arranged along the axial direction of the capillary core body 10 and its two ends extend to the two end surfaces of the capillary core body 10. The cross section of each spatial structure channel 20 is circular. The multiple spatial structure channels 20 are not connected to each other, and the minimum spacing between adjacent spatial structure channels 20 is 0.1 mm. Figure 1 It can be seen from the cross-section in that, in this embodiment, the spacing between the multiple spatial structure channels 20 in the x-direction is large and the arrangement is sparse, while the spacing between the multiple spatial structure channels 20 in the y-direction is extremely small and the arrangement is very dense.
[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, each spatial structure channel 20 includes a main channel 21 and a branch channel 22.
[0028] The main channel 21 is in a zigzag or wavy shape, with both ends extending to the two end surfaces of the capillary core body 10. The size of each corner of the main channel 21 is equal, and is greater than or equal to 120° and less than 180°, and the angle with the radial plane of the capillary core body 10 is greater than or equal to 60° and less than 90°. In this embodiment, each corner is 120°, and the angle with the radial plane of the capillary core body 10 is 60°.
[0029] The direction in which the fluid flows from one end of the main channel 21 to the other end is defined as the forward direction, and the reverse direction is defined as the reverse direction. The branch channel 22 is provided at the corner of the main channel 21 to prevent the reverse flow of the fluid. There are multiple branch channels 22, and the number is equal to the number of corners, that is, Figure 2 As shown, a branch channel 22 is provided at each corner, and the more branch channels 22 there are, the greater the resistance encountered by the fluid when it flows in the reverse direction along the spatial structure channel 20. The spacing between adjacent branch channels 22 in the axial direction of the capillary core body 10 is equal.
[0030] Further, the channel section near one end of the main channel 21 of each corner is defined as the first channel section 211, and the channel section near the other end of the main channel 21 is defined as the second channel section 212. Each branch channel 22 includes a straight section 221 and an arc section 222, the straight section 221 extends in the reverse direction along the corner end of the second channel section 212 at the corner, and the angle between the straight section 221 and the first channel section 211 at the corner is 30°-60°, the arc section 222 is tangent to the straight section 221, and one end is connected to the end of the straight section 221, and the other end is connected to the first channel section 211 at the corner, and the radius of the outer periphery of the arc section 222 is 0.37mm. In this embodiment, the angle between the straight section 221 and the first channel section 211 is 60°, and the straight section 221 and the second channel section 212 at the corner are arranged on the same straight line.
[0031] The spatial structure channel 20 has the following characteristics: when the fluid flows forward along the spatial structure channel 20, the fluid flows along the main channel 21, and the flow resistance encountered by the fluid is small; when the fluid flows reversely along the spatial structure channel 20, the fluid flows along the main channel 21 and enters the branch channel 22, and then the fluid flowing out of the branch channel 22 collides with the fluid in the main channel 21, thereby hindering the reverse flow of the fluid along the spatial structure channel 20.
[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capillary core 100 applied in a flat-plate loop heat pipe.
[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the flat-plate loop heat pipe comprises a flat-plate evaporator 1, a steam pipe 2, a condenser 3, and a liquid pipe 4 which are sequentially connected to form a loop, and each connection is sealed by a ferrule joint 5. The flat-plate evaporator 1 comprises a capillary wick 100, an evaporator housing 101, and a heating base plate 102. The capillary wick 100 is arranged horizontally, and the interior of the evaporator housing 101 is divided into an upper liquid storage area 103 and a lower evaporation area 104.
[0034] The working principle of the flat-plate loop heat pipe is as follows: the liquid working medium in the evaporation area 104 is heated and evaporated, and the steam enters the condenser 3 through the steam pipe 2, releases heat and condenses into liquid in the condenser 3, and then flows into the liquid storage area 103 through the liquid pipe 4, and finally penetrates into the evaporation area 104 through the capillary wick 100 to evaporate and circulate again. For a traditional capillary wick, under the condition of high heat load, part of the steam in the evaporation area 104 will penetrate into the liquid storage area 103 through the capillary wick, causing some evaporation heat that should be transported to the condenser 3 to leak into the liquid storage area 103 through the capillary wick 100. For the capillary wick 100 in this embodiment, since the reverse flow resistance of the fluid in the spatial structure channel 20 is very large, the heat leakage of steam through the capillary wick 100 under high power can be reduced, so that the working medium in the evaporation area 104 can evaporate stably, thereby improving the working performance of the loop heat pipe.
[0035] Functions and Effects of the Embodiments
[0036] According to the capillary wick and flat-plate evaporator for controlling fluid flow with spatial structure involved in this embodiment, the capillary wick includes a capillary wick body and a plurality of spatial structure channels distributed in the capillary wick body, each spatial structure channel includes a main channel and a branch channel, the main channel is in a broken line shape and extends to the two end faces of the capillary wick body, the branch channel is arranged at the corner of the main channel, and is used to hinder the reverse flow of the fluid, when the fluid flows forward along the spatial structure channel, the resistance is small, and when it flows reversely, the resistance is large. For the flat-plate evaporator using the capillary wick, the flow direction of the working fluid from the liquid storage area to the evaporation area is forward, and the resistance is small, and the flow direction from the evaporation area to the liquid storage area is reverse, and the resistance is large, so that the forward flow of the liquid can be ensured while hindering the flow of steam from the evaporation area to the liquid storage area, thereby reducing the heat leakage during the startup and operation of the loop heat pipe, and improving the operation stability and heat transfer performance of the loop heat pipe.
[0037] The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure, used in a flat evaporator, characterized in that: include: Capillary core body; as well as A plurality of spatial structure channels are distributed in the capillary core body, each of the spatial structure channels includes a main channel and a branch channel, The main channel is in a zigzag shape and extends axially to the two end surfaces of the capillary core body. The direction in which the fluid flows from one end of the main channel to the other end is the positive direction, and the opposite direction is the reverse direction. The branch channel is arranged at the corner of the main channel to prevent the reverse flow of the fluid.
2. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The capillary core body is in a flat cylindrical shape.
3. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The plurality of spatial structure channels are independent of each other and are distributed in an array.
4. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The minimum spacing between adjacent spatial structure channels is 0.1 mm.
5. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The size of each turning angle of the main channel is equal, greater than or equal to 120° and less than 180°, and the angle between the main channel and the radial plane of the capillary core body is greater than or equal to 60° and less than 90°.
6. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The channel section of each corner close to one end of the main channel is the first channel section, and the channel section close to the other end of the main channel is the second channel section. The branch channel includes a straight line segment and a circular arc segment, The straight line segment extends in the reverse direction along the corner end of the second channel segment at the corner. The arc segment is tangent to the straight line segment, and one end of the arc segment is connected to the end of the straight line segment, and the other end is connected to the first channel segment at the corner.
7. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: in, The included angle between the straight line segment and the first channel segment at the corner is 30°-60°, and the radius of the outer periphery of the arc segment is 0.37 mm.
8. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, The number of the branch channels is multiple and is equal to the number of corners of the main channel.
9. The capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: in, The spacings between adjacent branch channels in the axial direction of the capillary core body are equal.
10. A flat plate evaporator, comprising a capillary wick, an evaporator housing, and a heating base plate, characterized in that: in, The capillary wick is a capillary wick for controlling fluid flow with a spatial structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.