Two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for bamboo reed

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bamboo reed seedling culture, and discloses a bamboo reed two-stage rapid and efficient seedling culture method, which comprises the following steps of: dividing a bamboo reed seedling into first-stage culture and second-stage culture; the first-stage culture is aquatic seedling culture, wherein a whole overground bud upright stem of artificially harvested bamboo reeds is flatly laid in the pond; when fibrous root systems and new sprouted aquatic seedlings grow on the stem nodes, cutting the whole vertical stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes; the second-stage culture is terrestrial seedling culture: digging a shallow trench in the field, cutting the stem nodes into segments, putting the segments into the shallow trench, and then covering fibrous root systems of aquatic seedlings and base parts of newly grown buds with soil; then repeatedly arranging, covering soil, keeping the humidity of the soil, lifting seedlings in the field after one month, and removing the upper parts of the seedlings to complete the two-stage seedling raising of the bamboo reed; according to the method, the growth habits, morphological structures and budding characteristics of the bamboo reeds are studied, it is determined that the whole upright stems with buds on the ground of the bamboo reeds are harvested, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved through the two-stage efficient seedling raising method of aquatic seedlings and terrestrial seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Phragmites australis seedling cultivation, and in particular to a two-stage rapid and efficient Phragmites australis seedling cultivation method. Background Art

[0002] Phragmites australis is a tall perennial herbaceous plant that grows all year round. It is used as animal feed, ecological restoration or biomass energy plant. The seeds of naturally grown Phragmites australis are few and inconvenient to be used for sowing and cultivation. The erect stems of Phragmites australis are directly buried in the soil, and the emergence rate is extremely low. Artificial tissue culture can be used to grow seedlings on a large scale, but it is costly, the experimental conditions are harsh, and skilled operation techniques are required. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis. By studying the growth habits, morphological structure and sprouting characteristics of Phragmites australis, it is determined that the entire upright stem with buds above the ground is harvested, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved through a two-stage efficient seedling raising method for aquatic seedlings and terrestrial seedlings.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following method: The invention provides a two-stage rapid and efficient Phragmites australis seedling raising method: The seedlings of Phragmites australis were divided into the first stage and the second stage; The first stage of cultivation is aquatic seedling cultivation, and the aquatic seedling cultivation steps are: laying the whole upright stem of artificially harvested Phragmites australis with buds on the ground flat in a pond with a highly stable water surface; After the upright stems are laid flat in the pond for 25-35 days, the entire upright stems are cut into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes; The second stage of cultivation is terrestrial seedling cultivation, and the terrestrial seedling cultivation steps are: digging a shallow trench in the field, arranging the segments of Phragmites australis containing 2-3 stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow trench, and then covering the Phragmites australis with soil; Then the stem node segments are repeatedly arranged and covered with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted. Watering is applied to maintain soil moisture. After the field-cultivated Phyllostachys australis seedlings grow for one month, the seedlings can be removed in the field and the upper part of the seedlings can be removed to complete the second-stage seedling cultivation of Phyllostachys australis.

[0005] Preferably, when the whole upright stem of the manually harvested Phragmites australis with buds above ground is spread flat in a pond with a highly stable water surface, herbicides cannot be sprayed in the pond or its surroundings.

[0006] Preferably, the step of cutting the entire upright stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes 25-35 days after laying the upright stem in the pond comprises: laying the upright stem in the pond for 25-35 days, when each node of the upright stem grows a fibrous root system and 3-5 new buds, cutting the entire upright stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes.

[0007] Preferably, the relatively high air and water temperatures in the Jianghan Plain from April to September are utilized to allow the stem nodes to rapidly grow the fibrous root system and the aquatic seedlings of the newly generated buds.

[0008] Preferably, the shallow ditch is a shallow ditch dug in the field with a depth of 15-25 cm and a width of 1.2-1.8 m.

[0009] Preferably, the step of digging a shallow ditch in the field, arranging the segments of Phyllostachys australis containing 2-3 said stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow ditch, and then covering the Phyllostachys australis with soil comprises: digging a shallow ditch in the field, arranging the segments of Phyllostachys australis containing 2-3 said stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow ditch, and then covering the root system and the base of the new shoots of the Phyllostachys australis with soil, wherein the thickness of the soil is 18-21 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the step of repeatedly arranging the stem segment, covering with soil, until the aquatic seedlings are planted, and watering to maintain soil moisture comprises: during the aquatic seedling planting process, repeatedly arranging the stem segment according to the distance and number of the aquatic seedlings, and then covering with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted; during the aquatic seedling planting process, keep watering the soil to maintain soil moisture.

[0011] Preferably, the step of keeping the soil watered to maintain soil moisture during the planting of the aquatic seedlings includes: keeping the soil watered to maintain soil moisture at a humidity of 60%-90% per 20 cm of soil during the planting of the aquatic seedlings.

[0012] Preferably, in the first stage, the whole above-ground upright stem of Phragmites australis is fully mature and maintains a complete morphological structure, and floats on the water surface by utilizing the buoyancy of the stem cavity, while the medullary cavity provides oxygen to the new roots and buds to promote their growth. In the second stage, the Phragmites australis fibrous root system is promoted to adapt to the terrestrial environment, mature from several stem nodes at the base of the buds, and improve the cultivation survival rate of Phragmites australis seedlings.

[0013] Preferably, before or after transplanting the seedlings in the field, the upper part of the seedlings is removed to reduce water transpiration and improve the survival rate of the Phragmites australis seedlings for cultivation applications such as riverbank ecological restoration or biomass energy plants.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention determines the maturity of Phragmites australis by studying the growth habits, histochemical structure and sprouting characteristics of Phragmites australis, and improves the survival rate and ecological adaptability of Phragmites australis seedlings. The technical solution of the present invention has fewer operation steps, lower production equipment requirements, and simple procedures. By studying the growth habits, morphological structure and sprouting characteristics of Phragmites australis, it is determined that the entire upright stem with buds on the ground is harvested, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved by a two-stage efficient seedling raising method for aquatic seedlings and terrestrial seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic flow chart of a two-stage rapid and efficient Phyllostachys reticulata seedling raising method.

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram is a schematic diagram of the chemical structure of the mature erect stem of Phragmites australis provided in an embodiment of the present invention, A Sudan 7B staining, B berberine hemisulfate-aniline blue counter-staining.

[0018] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of the second-stage seedling raising process of Phragmites australis provided by an embodiment of the present invention, wherein A is a mature upright stem of wild Phragmites australis, B is an upright stem with buds, C is a mature upright stem spread on the surface of a pond, D is a harvested mature upright stem node with a fibrous root system and newly generated buds, E is a stem node with a fibrous root system and 3-5 newly generated buds, F is a transported upright stem node with a fibrous root system and newly generated buds, G is a field-cultivated upright stem node with a fibrous root system and newly generated buds, H is a healthy Phragmites australis seedling in the field, and I is a mature upright stem of Phragmites australis directly cultivated in the field with a low germination rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, device, product or end including a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or ends.

[0021] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] Phragmites australis is a tall perennial herbaceous plant that grows all year round. It is used as animal feed, ecological restoration or biomass energy plant. The seeds of naturally grown Phragmites australis are few and inconvenient to be used for sowing and cultivation. The erect stems of Phragmites australis are directly buried in the soil, and the emergence rate is extremely low. Artificial tissue culture can be used to grow seedlings on a large scale, but it is costly, the experimental conditions are harsh, and skilled operation techniques are required.

[0023] The present invention aims to provide a two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis. By studying the growth habits, morphological structure and sprouting characteristics of Phragmites australis, it is determined that the entire upright stem with buds above the ground is harvested, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved through a two-stage efficient seedling raising method for aquatic seedlings and terrestrial seedlings.

[0024] The specific embodiment of the present invention provides a two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included: The seedlings of Phragmites australis were divided into the first stage and the second stage; The first stage of cultivation is aquatic seedling cultivation, and the steps of aquatic seedling cultivation are: the whole upright stem of artificially harvested Phragmites australis with buds is laid flat on a pond with a highly stable water surface; After laying the upright stems flat in the pond for 25-35 days, cut the entire upright stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes; The second stage of cultivation is terrestrial seedling cultivation, and the steps of terrestrial seedling cultivation are: digging a shallow trench in the field, arranging the segments of Phragmites australis with 2-3 stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow trench, and then covering the Phragmites australis with soil; Then cut the stem nodes into segments and arrange them repeatedly, cover them with soil, until the aquatic seedlings are planted, and water them to maintain soil moisture. After the Phyllostachys reticulata seedlings have grown for one month in the field, they can be removed from the field and the upper part of the seedlings can be removed to complete the second stage of Phyllostachys reticulata seedling cultivation.

[0025] Preferably, when the whole upright stems of Phragmites australis harvested manually and having buds above ground are laid flat in a pond with a highly stable water surface, herbicides should not be applied in the pond or its surroundings.

[0026] Preferably, the step of cutting the entire upright stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes after laying the upright stem in the pond for 25-35 days comprises: after laying the upright stem in the pond for 25-35 days, when each stem node of the upright stem grows a fibrous root system and 3-5 new buds, cutting the entire upright stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes.

[0027] Preferably, the relatively high air and water temperatures in the Jianghan Plain from April to September are utilized to allow the stem nodes to rapidly grow fibrous root systems and new shoots.

[0028] Preferably, the shallow trench is a trench with a depth of 15-25 cm and a width of 1.2-1.8 m dug in the field.

[0029] Preferably, the step of digging a shallow ditch in the field, arranging the segments of Phyllostachys australis containing 2-3 stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow ditch, and then covering the Phyllostachys australis with soil comprises: digging a shallow ditch in the field, arranging the segments of Phyllostachys australis containing 2-3 stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow ditch, and then covering the root system and the middle and lower part of the bud of Phyllostachys australis with soil, wherein the soil thickness is 18-21 cm.

[0030] Preferably, the stem node segments are repeatedly arranged and covered with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted, and the step of watering to maintain soil moisture includes: during the aquatic seedling planting process, the stem node segments are repeatedly arranged according to the distance and number of the bottom layer of the stem node segments, and then covered with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted; during the aquatic seedling planting process, the soil is kept watered to maintain soil moisture.

[0031] Preferably, during the planting process of aquatic seedlings, the step of keeping the soil watered to maintain soil moisture includes: during the planting process of aquatic seedlings, the soil is watered to maintain soil moisture at a humidity of 60%-90% per 20 cm of soil.

[0032] Preferably, in the first stage, the whole above-ground upright stem of Phragmites australis is fully mature and maintains a complete morphological structure, and floats on the water surface by utilizing the buoyancy of the stem cavity, while the medullary cavity provides oxygen to the new roots and buds to promote their growth. In the second stage, the Phragmites australis fibrous root system is promoted to adapt to the terrestrial environment, mature from several stem nodes at the base of the buds, and improve the cultivation survival rate of Phragmites australis seedlings.

[0033] Preferably, before or after transplanting the seedlings in the field, the upper part of the seedlings is removed to reduce water transpiration and improve the survival rate of the Phragmites australis seedlings for cultivation applications such as riverbank ecological restoration or biomass energy plants. Specific embodiments

[0034] Through the study of the histochemical structure of mature erect stems of Phragmites australis, it was found that the central medullary cavity stores oxygen and the stem wall is corky ( Figure 2 A) and ligninization ( Figure 2 B) isolated from the external environment, the corky stem wall is hydrophobic, indicating that it is adapted to the aquatic environment. Secondly, in the first stage of the cultivation of aquatic seedlings of Phragmites australis, in the Jianghan Plain, in spring from mid-March to mid-April, or in August (when the new upright stems mature), the entire upright stems of Phragmites australis with buds above ground are harvested manually ( Figure 3 A, B), a highly stable pond with a flat surface ( Figure 3 C) Do not use herbicides in the pond or its surroundings. One month later, when each stem node of Phragmites australis grows fibrous roots and 3-5 new shoots ( Figure 3 D, E, F), cut the whole upright stem into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes ( Figure 3 D). Again, in the second stage of cultivating terrestrial seedlings of Phragmites australis, dig a shallow trench 20 cm deep and 1.5 m wide in the field, and arrange the Phragmites australis segments containing 2-3 stem nodes in a row and place them in the shallow trench ( Figure 3 G), then cover the root system and the middle and lower part of the bud with soil, the soil thickness is about 20 cm, then cut the stem nodes and arrange them repeatedly, cover them with soil, until the aquatic seedlings are planted, and water them to maintain soil moisture. After one month of growth of the field-cultivated bamboo seedlings, you can pick up strong seedlings ( Figure 3 H), remove the upper part of the seedlings, and use them for ecological restoration of riverbanks or cultivation of biomass energy plants. Direct cultivation of mature upright stems of Phragmites australis in the field has a low germination rate ( Figure 3 1). The present invention determines the maturity of Phragmites australis by studying its growth habit, tissue chemical structure and sprouting characteristics, and improves the survival rate and ecological adaptability of Phragmites australis seedling cultivation. Specific embodiments

[0035] In the first stage of aquatic seedling cultivation, the whole upright stem of Phragmites australis is harvested manually in spring from mid-March to mid-April, or in August, and laid flat on a pond with a highly stable water surface. Herbicides should not be used in the pond and its surroundings. One month later, when each stem node of Phragmites australis grows fibrous roots and 3-5 secondary buds, the whole upright stem is cut into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes. In the second stage of terrestrial seedling cultivation, a shallow trench 20 cm deep and 1.5 m wide is dug in the field, and the segments of Phragmites australis containing 2-3 stem nodes are arranged in a row and placed in the shallow trench. The roots and the middle and lower parts of the buds are then covered with soil with a thickness of about 20 cm. The stem node segments are then repeatedly arranged and covered with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted. Watering is used to maintain soil moisture. After one month of growth of Phragmites australis seedlings in the field, the seedlings can be removed and the upper part of the seedlings can be removed for riverbank ecological restoration or biomass energy plant cultivation applications.

[0036] Example 1: On March 20, 2024, the entire upright stems of Phragmites australis were harvested manually and spread flat on the surface of the pond. The aquatic seedling emergence rate at the stem nodes was as high as 88%, the field seedling area was 0.5 mu, and the terrestrial seedling survival rate was as high as 95%.

[0037] Example 2: On August 1, 2024, the entire upright stems of Phragmites australis were harvested manually and spread flat on the surface of the pond. The aquatic seedling emergence rate of the stem nodes was as high as 92%, the field seedling area was 0.5 mu, and the terrestrial seedling survival rate was as high as 90%.

[0038] Comparative example: On March 20, 2024, the entire upright stems of Phragmites australis were manually harvested and directly buried in the soil, and the germination rate was only 14%.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention determines the maturity of Phragmites australis by studying the growth habits, histochemical structure and sprouting characteristics of Phragmites australis, and improves the survival rate and ecological adaptability of Phragmites australis seedlings. The technical solution of the present invention has fewer operation steps, lower production equipment requirements, and simple procedures. By studying the growth habits, morphological structure and sprouting characteristics of Phragmites australis, it is determined that the entire upright stem with buds on the ground is harvested, and the seedling raising efficiency is improved by a two-stage efficient seedling raising method for aquatic seedlings and terrestrial seedlings.

[0040] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical schemes or characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the scheme of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis, characterized in that: The method comprises: The seedlings of Phragmites australis were divided into the first stage and the second stage; The first stage of cultivation is aquatic seedling cultivation, and the aquatic seedling cultivation steps are: laying the whole upright stem of artificially harvested Phragmites australis with buds on the ground flat in a pond with a highly stable water surface; After the upright stems are laid flat in the pond for 25-35 days, the entire upright stems are cut into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes; The second stage of cultivation is terrestrial seedling cultivation, and the terrestrial seedling cultivation steps are: digging a shallow trench in the field, arranging the segments of Phragmites australis containing 2-3 stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow trench, and then covering the Phragmites australis with soil; Then the stem node segments are repeatedly arranged and covered with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted. Watering is applied to maintain soil moisture. After the field-cultivated Phyllostachys australis seedlings grow for one month, the seedlings can be removed in the field and the upper part of the seedlings can be removed to complete the second-stage seedling cultivation of Phyllostachys australis.

2. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the whole upright stem of the artificially harvested Phragmites australis with buds above the ground is spread flat in a pond with a highly stable water surface, herbicides cannot be sprayed in the pond or around the pond.

3. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of laying the upright stems flat in the pond for 25-35 days and then cutting the entire upright stems into segments containing 2-3 stem nodes comprises: After the upright stems are laid out in the pond for 25-35 days, when each node of the upright stems grows a fibrous root system and 3-5 new shoots, the entire upright stems are cut into segments containing 2-3 nodes.

4. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 3, characterized in that: By utilizing the relatively high air and water temperatures in the Jianghan Plain from April to September, the stem nodes rapidly grow the fibrous root system and the aquatic seedlings of the newly generated buds.

5. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shallow ditch is a ditch with a depth of 15-25 cm and a width of 1.2-1.8 m dug in the field.

6. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps of digging a shallow ditch in the field, arranging the cut segments of Phragmites australis containing 2-3 stem nodes in a row and putting them into the shallow ditch, and then covering the Phragmites australis with soil, include: A shallow ditch is dug in the field, and the segments of Phragmites australis containing 2-3 stem nodes are arranged in a row and put into the shallow ditch, and then the root system and the base of the newly grown shoots of the Phragmites australis are covered with soil, and the thickness of the soil is 18-21 cm.

7. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of repeatedly arranging the stem node segments, covering with soil, and watering to maintain soil moisture until the aquatic seedlings are planted, comprises: The stem node segments are subjected to a process of planting aquatic seedlings, the aquatic seedlings of the stem node segments are repeatedly arranged according to the distance and quantity, and then covered with soil until the aquatic seedlings are planted; During the planting process of the aquatic seedlings, the soil is kept watered to maintain soil moisture.

8. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of keeping the soil watered to maintain soil moisture during the aquatic seedling planting process includes: During the planting process of the aquatic seedlings, the soil is kept watered so that the humidity in every 20 cm of the soil is 60%-90% to maintain the soil humidity.

9. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first stage of cultivation, the whole above-ground upright stem of Phragmites australis is fully matured and maintains a complete morphological structure, and floats on the water surface by utilizing the buoyancy of the stem cavity, while the medullary cavity provides oxygen to the new roots and buds; In the second stage of cultivation, the fibrous root system of Phyllostachys australis is promoted to adapt to the terrestrial environment and mature from several stem nodes at the base of the bud.

10. A two-stage rapid and efficient seedling raising method for Phragmites australis according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before or after transplanting the seedlings in the field, remove the upper part of the seedlings to reduce water transpiration.

Images