Automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic tube-threading device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which relates to the field of tube-threading for heat exchangers, and comprises a base, a clamping mechanism is arranged above the base, the clamping mechanism comprises a moving platform, an electric telescopic rod 1 is fixed on the moving platform, a moving seat is fixed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 1, a rotating piece is rotatably connected to a side of the moving seat close to the moving platform, and linkage rods are hinged at both ends of the rotating piece. The automatic tube-threading device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger can make the tube produce a forward and rotational compound motion, reduce the resistance during insertion, make tube threading easier, and effectively avoid the problem of deformation caused by too much obstruction during tube threading operation. At the same time, the tube drives the guide assembly to pass through the hole of the tube sheet first, and the annular steel brush will scrape and clean the inner wall of the hole of the tube sheet, so that the floating rust and impurity particles in the hole of the tube sheet are cleaned and dropped, and prevent the floating rust and impurity particles from affecting the tube threading operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchanger tube threading, in particular to automatic tube threading equipment for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger. The tube bundle of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is connected to a tube sheet. The tube sheets are welded to both ends of the shell and are connected to a top cover. The top cover and the shell are equipped with fluid inlet and outlet pipes. The tube bundle has hundreds of tubes at least and thousands of tubes at most. Both ends of the tube bundle are fixed to the tube sheet, and the middle passes through small holes on multiple baffles. When producing a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, it is necessary to insert multiple tubes into the main shell of the heat exchanger one by one according to the arrangement of the tube bundle to complete the tube threading operation of the heat exchanger.

[0003] When threading a tube in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, generally multiple operators lift a tube and insert a conical guide head into the end of the tube, align the guide head with the tube sheet hole, and then push the tube manually to pass the tubes through multiple tube sheets one by one. This process requires a lot of physical strength, which not only increases the labor intensity of the staff, but also reduces the efficiency of threading.

[0004] In addition, the patent with the announcement number CN114799829B disclosed an automatic tube threading system and method for heat exchange tubes of a tubular heat exchanger after searching. The device can realize the automatic threading of heat exchange tubes of a complex heat exchanger. However, in the above scheme, the tube is inserted straight into the tube sheet by a simple pushing assembly. Since the tube generates a large friction with the tube sheet during the threading, a large resistance is generated to the insertion of the tube. If the force of pushing the tube directly is large at this time, it is very likely that the force-bearing end of the tube will be deformed and twisted, causing damage to the heat exchanger. At the same time, when the tube is inserted into the tube sheet, due to the presence of floating rust and impurity particles in the holes in the tube sheet, these impurities will increase the friction between the tube and the tube sheet, affecting the threading operation. Moreover, if these impurities in the holes of the tube sheet continue to remain in the gap between the tube and the tube sheet, it will cause the phenomenon of explosive welding during the subsequent welding operation, affecting the subsequent production of the heat exchanger. To this end, we provide an automatic tube threading device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatic tube threading device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a base, a clamping mechanism is arranged above the base, the clamping mechanism comprises a moving platform, an electric telescopic rod is fixed on the moving platform, a moving seat is fixed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, a side of the moving seat close to the moving platform is rotatably connected to a rotating plate, both ends of the rotating plate are hinged with linkage rods, and the ends of the two linkage rods away from each other are hinged with clamping plates.

[0006] A guide assembly is arranged on the right side of the movable seat, and the guide assembly includes a latch column, one end of which is fixed with a conical head adapted to the movable seat, an annular steel brush is fixed to the outer surface of the latch column, and a clamping groove adapted to the clamping plate is opened on the outer surface of the latch column.

[0007] A drag reduction mechanism is arranged on the right side of the guide assembly, and the drag reduction mechanism comprises a rotating cylinder, and three straight slide grooves in a circumferential array are fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and the inner walls of the three straight slide grooves are slidably connected with sliders, and the outer surface of each slider is hinged with a hinge rod 1, and one end of the three hinge rods is hinged with a moving box, and the inner wall of each moving box is rotatably connected with five anti-slip rollers.

[0008] A propulsion mechanism is arranged on the right side of the drag reduction mechanism, and the propulsion mechanism comprises a support frame fixed on the right side of the base, a collecting hopper is fixed above the support frame, a sliding column is slidably connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper, and one end of the sliding column is rotatably connected to a top column.

[0009] Fixed blocks are fixed on both sides of the above-mentioned moving platform, two electric rails 1 are installed above the base, and the two fixed blocks are respectively fixed on the moving ends of the two electric rails 1, and a three-axis clamping platform is arranged above the electric rail 1, and the three-axis clamping platform is installed on the upper surface of the base, and two placement tables are fixed on the upper surface of the base, and a return groove is opened on the outer surface of the base, and the return groove is located between the two placement tables. When loading and unloading the heat exchanger main body shell, the staff can move the heat exchanger main body shell to the two placement tables by forklift, and the setting of the return groove facilitates the loading and unloading operation of the forklift. Through the setting of the three-axis clamping platform, the heat exchanger main body shell can be clamped and moved in multiple directions, and the distance between the two electric rails 1 is large, which does not interfere with the trajectory of the three-axis clamping platform clamping the heat exchanger main body shell.

[0010] Furthermore, two symmetrical sliding rods are fixed on the outer surface of the movable seat, and sliding tubes are fixed on the outer surfaces of the two clamping plates. The two sliding tubes are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding rods. Through the setting of the sliding rod, the moving trajectory of the clamping plate is limited, thereby increasing the stability of the clamping plate when moving.

[0011] The outer surface of the rotating piece is fixed with a rotating shaft, and the outer surface of the rotating shaft is slidably connected with a rotating tube, and the rotating tube passes through the moving platform and is rotatably connected to the moving platform. Two straight slide bars are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the two straight slide bars are slidably connected to the rotating tube. A motor 1 is fixed above the moving platform, and the output end of the motor 1 is transmission-connected to the rotating tube through a belt and a pulley, and the electric telescopic rod 1 is controlled to drive the moving seat to move, so that the guide assembly clamped by the two clamping plates can be moved. After the control motor 1 is started, it will drive the rotating tube to rotate, and the rotation of the rotating tube drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the two straight slide bars, so that the rotation of the rotating piece can be controlled.

[0012] The above-mentioned drag reduction mechanism also includes a fixed seat fixed on the base, a ring slide groove 1 is fixed on the upper surface of the fixed seat, a ring slide bar is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder, the ring slide bar is rotatably connected to the ring slide groove 1, a ring tooth is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder, a motor 2 is fixed on the outer surface of the fixed seat, a gear is fixed on the output end of the motor 2, the gear is meshed with the ring tooth, after the anti-slip rollers on the three moving boxes clamp the pipe, the motor 2 is controlled to drive the gear to rotate, and the rotation of the gear drives the rotating cylinder to rotate through the ring tooth, thereby rotating the clamped pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, an electric telescopic rod 2 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixed seat, and an annular slide groove 2 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 2. The three sliders are all slidably connected to the annular slide groove 2. The outer surfaces of the three straight slide grooves are fixed to fixed frames. A group of limit rods are fixed to the outer surfaces of the three movable boxes. The number of limit rods in each group is two. The three groups of limit rods are respectively slidably connected to the three fixed frames to control the electric telescopic rod 2 to drive the annular slide groove 2 to move. When the annular slide groove 2 moves, the three sliders are moved by toggling. Since the slider can drive the movable box to move through the hinged rod 1 when it moves, the three movable boxes are approached at the same time, so that the pipe clamped by the multiple anti-slip rollers returns to the axis center of the rotating cylinder.

[0014] The sliding column is located on the axis line of the rotating cylinder, a wedge block is fixed under the sliding column, a motor three is fixed on the outer surface of the support frame, a threaded rod is fixed on the output end of the motor three, the threaded rod passes through the support frame and is rotatably connected to the support frame, the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the wedge block, two sliding rods two are fixed between the support frame and the ring slide groove one, and two sliding tubes two are fixed under the sliding column, the two sliding tubes two are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding rods two, the motor three is controlled to drive the threaded rod to rotate, the rotation of the threaded rod drives the wedge block to move, and the movement of the wedge block drives the sliding column to slide at the bottom of the hopper, so that the top column pushes the pipe at the bottom of the hopper into the rotating cylinder.

[0015] Movable blocks are provided on the left and right sides of the collecting hopper, and limit pins are fixed on the side surfaces of the two movable blocks that are close to each other. The two limit pins are slidably connected to the collecting hopper, and the outer surfaces of the two movable blocks are hinged with two hinged rods 2, and the two hinged rods 2 located on the front side of the collecting hopper are a group, and the two hinged rods 2 located on the back side of the collecting hopper are a group.

[0016] The two levers are connected along the longitudinal axis of the two levers, and the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers, wherein the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers, wherein the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers, wherein the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers, wherein the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers, wherein the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers, wherein the levers are connected along the longitudinal axis to the levers,

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention is provided with a guide assembly and a drag reduction mechanism. The anti-skid rollers on the three moving boxes are controlled to approach and clamp the pipe, and then the rotating cylinder is controlled to rotate to rotate the clamped pipe. At this time, the rotating pipe is inserted into the main shell of the heat exchanger through the propulsion mechanism, so that the pipe produces a composite motion of forward movement and rotation. The rotating pipe insertion method can convert sliding friction into rolling friction. Since the friction coefficient of rolling friction is small, the resistance during insertion can be reduced, making it easier to thread the pipe, and effectively avoiding the problem of deformation caused by excessive obstruction during the pipe threading operation. On the other hand, during the pipe threading operation, the pipe drives the guide assembly to pass through the hole of the tube sheet first, and the annular steel brush will scrape and clean the inner wall of the hole of the tube sheet, so that the floating rust and impurity particles in the hole of the tube sheet are cleaned and dropped, preventing the floating rust and impurity particles from affecting the pipe threading operation.

[0019] 2. The present invention is provided with a three-axis clamping platform, a clamping mechanism, a guide assembly and a propulsion mechanism. When performing the perforation operation, the top column will push the tube at the bottom of the collecting hopper into the rotating drum, and then the movable platform will insert the clamped guide assembly into the tube port, and then the three-axis clamping platform will control the heat exchanger main body shell to move so that the hole where the tube needs to be penetrated coincides with the axis of the rotating drum, and the sliding column will be controlled to push the tube into the heat exchanger main body shell through the top column. After the tube penetration operation, the clamping mechanism will be controlled to clamp the guide assembly and pull it away from the tube, so that the guide assembly can be used for the next tube penetration operation. This method is repeated, so that the device can complete the tube loading, guide installation, tube penetration hole search and tube penetration one by one, and can repeat the operation in a cycle, thereby improving the tube penetration efficiency of the heat exchanger, and no manual operation is required by the staff.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be set forth in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art based on an examination of the following or may be taught from the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the three-axis clamping platform and the placement table of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when pushing a tube;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the separate structure of the clamping mechanism and the guide assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure when the guide assembly of the present invention is inserted into one end of a pipe;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drag reduction mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the drag reduction mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the propulsion mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the collecting hopper of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding column sliding in the collecting hopper of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the reset assembly of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Base; 2. Three-axis clamping platform; 3. Placement table;

[0035] 4. Clamping mechanism; 401. Moving platform; 402. Fixed block; 403. Electric track 1; 404. Rotating tube; 405. Rotating shaft; 406. Straight slide bar; 407. Motor 1; 408. Rotating sheet; 409. Moving seat; 410. Electric telescopic rod 1; 411. Linking rod; 412. Snap-on plate; 413. Sliding tube 1; 414. Sliding rod 1;

[0036] 5. Guide assembly; 501. Latch column; 502. Conical head; 503. Ring-shaped steel brush; 504. Snap-fit ​​groove;

[0037] 6. Drag reduction mechanism; 601. Fixed seat; 602. Ring slide groove 1; 603. Rotating cylinder; 604. Ring slide strip; 605. Ring gear; 606. Electric telescopic rod 2; 607. Ring slide groove 2; 608. Motor 2; 609. Gear; 610. Straight slide groove; 611. Sliding block; 612. Fixed frame; 613. Moving box; 614. Articulated rod 1; 615. Anti-skid roller; 616. Limit rod;

[0038] 7. Propulsion mechanism; 701. Support frame; 702. Collecting hopper; 703. Threaded rod; 704. Motor three; 705. Wedge block; 706. Sliding column; 707. Sliding tube two; 708. Sliding rod two; 709. Top column; 710. Fixed plate; 711. Fixed rod; 712. Movable plate; 713. Telescopic spring; 714. Articulated rod two; 715. Movable block; 716. Limit pin; 717. Long rod; 718. Load column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The present invention provides a technical solution: an automatic tube threading device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a base 1, a clamping mechanism 4 is arranged above the base 1, the clamping mechanism 4 comprises a moving platform 401, an electric telescopic rod 410 is fixed on the moving platform 401, a moving seat 409 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 410, a rotating piece 408 is rotatably connected to the side of the moving seat 409 close to the moving platform 401, both ends of the rotating piece 408 are hinged with linkage rods 411, and the ends of the two linkage rods 411 that are away from each other are hinged with clamping plates 412, when the rotating piece 408 is controlled to rotate, the two clamping plates 412 can be controlled to approach or move away at the same time through the two linkage rods 411, and the two clamping plates 412 will clamp the guide component 5 when they approach at the same time.

[0041] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 , fixed blocks 402 are fixed on both sides of the moving table 401, two electric rails 403 are installed above the base 1, and the two fixed blocks 402 are respectively fixed on the moving ends of the two electric rails 403, and a three-axis clamping platform 2 is arranged above the electric rail 403, and the three-axis clamping platform 2 is installed on the upper surface of the base 1, and two placement tables 3 are fixed on the upper surface of the base 1. A return groove is opened on the outer surface of the base 1, and the return groove is located between the two placement tables 3. When loading and unloading the heat exchanger main body shell, the staff can move the heat exchanger main body shell to the two placement tables 3 by a forklift. The setting of the return groove facilitates the loading and unloading operation of the forklift. Through the setting of the three-axis clamping platform 2, the heat exchanger main body shell can be clamped and moved in multiple directions, and the distance between the two electric rails 403 is large, which does not interfere with the trajectory of the three-axis clamping platform 2 clamping the heat exchanger main body shell.

[0042] The three-axis clamping platform 2 is composed of a three-axis platform and a clamping device. The clamping device is installed on the mobile platform of the three-axis platform. The three-axis platform is a technology that uses a computer control system to control the three axes of the mobile platform. These three axes are the X axis (left and right movement), the Y axis (front and back movement) and the Z axis (up and down movement). Through the control of these three axes, the position and direction of the clamping device can be accurately controlled. When the heat exchanger main body shell on the clamping placement table 3 is moved by the three-axis clamping platform 2, the specific diameter, length, hole spacing and hole layout data of the heat exchanger main body shell are input into the computer control system of the three-axis platform, so that the heat exchanger main body shell can be controlled to move to the specified position, so that the holes on the heat exchanger main body shell where the pipe needs to be passed coincide with the axis of the rotating cylinder 603.

[0043] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5Two symmetrical sliding bars 414 are fixed to the outer surface of the movable seat 409, and sliding tubes 413 are fixed to the outer surfaces of the two clamping plates 412. The two sliding tubes 413 are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding bars 414. Through the setting of the sliding bars 414, the moving trajectory of the clamping plate 412 is limited to increase the stability of the clamping plate 412 when moving.

[0044] A rotating shaft 405 is fixed to the outer surface of the rotating piece 408, and a rotating tube 404 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 405. The rotating tube 404 penetrates the moving platform 401 and is rotatably connected to the moving platform 401. Two straight slide bars 406 are fixed to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 405, and the two straight slide bars 406 are slidably connected to the rotating tube 404. A motor 407 is fixed above the moving platform 401, and the output end of the motor 407 is transmission-connected to the rotating tube 404 through a belt and a pulley. The electric telescopic rod 410 is controlled to drive the moving seat 409 to move, so that the guide assembly 5 clamped by the two clamping plates 412 can be moved. After the control motor 407 is started, it will drive the rotating tube 404 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating tube 404 drives the rotating shaft 405 to rotate through the two straight slide bars 406, thereby controlling the rotation of the rotating piece 408.

[0045] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 A guide assembly 5 is provided on the right side of the movable seat 409. The guide assembly 5 includes a latch column 501. A conical head 502 adapted to the movable seat 409 is fixed at one end of the latch column 501. An annular steel brush 503 is fixed to the outer surface of the latch column 501. A clamping groove 504 adapted to the clamping plate 412 is provided on the outer surface of the latch column 501. The diameter of the latch column 501 is adapted to the inner diameter of the pipe. Through the setting of the conical head 502, it plays a guiding role when the pipe is inserted into the hole of the tube sheet. Through the setting of the annular steel brush 503, the pipe drives the guide assembly 5 to pass through the hole of the tube sheet first. The annular steel brush 503 will scrape and clean the inner wall of the hole of the tube sheet, so that the floating rust and impurity particles in the hole of the tube sheet are cleaned and dropped, so as to prevent the floating rust and impurity particles from affecting the pipe threading operation.

[0046] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8A drag reduction mechanism 6 is arranged on the right side of the guide assembly 5. The drag reduction mechanism 6 comprises a rotating cylinder 603. Three straight slide grooves 610 in a circumferential array are fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 603. Slide blocks 611 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the three straight slide grooves 610. A hinge rod 614 is hinged to the outer surface of each slide block 611. A moving box 613 is hinged to one end of each of the three hinge rods 614. Five anti-skid rollers 615 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of each moving box 613. The ring gear 605 has an arc and fits with the pipe. Since the ring gear 605 There are anti-skid patterns on the surface to increase friction. When the three moving boxes 613 approach each other, the anti-skid rollers 615 on the three moving boxes 613 approach and clamp the pipe, and then control the rotating cylinder 603 to rotate to rotate the clamped pipe. At this time, the rotating pipe is inserted into the main shell of the heat exchanger through the propulsion mechanism 7, so that the pipe produces a combined forward and rotational motion. The method of rotating the pipe insertion can convert sliding friction into rolling friction. Since the friction coefficient of rolling friction is small, the resistance during insertion can be reduced, making it easier to insert the pipe.

[0047] The drag reduction mechanism 6 also includes a fixed seat 601 fixed on the base 1, a ring slide groove 602 is fixed on the upper surface of the fixed seat 601, a ring slide bar 604 is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 603, the ring slide bar 604 is rotatably connected to the ring slide groove 602, a ring tooth 605 is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder 603, a motor 2 608 is fixed on the outer surface of the fixed seat 601, a gear 609 is fixed on the output end of the motor 2 608, the gear 609 is meshed with the ring tooth 605, after the anti-slip rollers 615 on the three moving boxes 613 clamp the pipe, the motor 2 608 is controlled to drive the gear 609 to rotate, the gear 609 rotates through the ring tooth 605 to drive the rotating cylinder 603 to rotate, thereby rotating the clamped pipe.

[0048] An electric telescopic rod 2 606 is fixed to the outer surface of the fixed seat 601, and a ring slide groove 2 607 is fixed to the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 2 606, and three sliders 611 are all slidably connected to the ring slide groove 2 607. A fixed frame 612 is fixed to the outer surface of the three straight slide grooves 610. A group of limit rods 616 is fixed to the outer surface of the three moving boxes 613, and each group of limit rods 616 has two limit rods. The three groups of limit rods 616 are respectively slidably connected to the three fixed frames 612 to control the electric telescopic rod 2 606 to drive the ring slide groove 2 607 to move. When the ring slide groove 2 607 moves, it moves by toggling the three sliders 611. When the slider 611 moves, it can drive the moving box 613 to move through the hinge rod 1 614, so that the three moving boxes 613 are close to each other at the same time, so that the pipe clamped by the multiple anti-slip rollers 615 returns to the axis of the rotating cylinder 603.

[0049] See also Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11A propulsion mechanism 7 is arranged on the right side of the drag reduction mechanism 6, and the propulsion mechanism 7 includes a support frame 701 fixed on the right side of the base 1, a collecting hopper 702 is fixed above the support frame 701, a sliding column 706 is slidably connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper 702, one end of the sliding column 706 is rotatably connected to a top column 709, the sliding column 706 is located on the axis line of the rotating cylinder 603, a wedge block 705 is fixed below the sliding column 706, a motor three 704 is fixed to the outer surface of the support frame 701, a threaded rod 703 is fixed to the output end of the motor three 704, and the threaded rod 703 penetrates the support frame 701 and is connected to the The support frame 701 is rotatably connected, the threaded rod 703 is threadedly connected to the wedge block 705, two sliding rods 708 are fixed between the support frame 701 and the ring slide groove 602, and two sliding tubes 707 are fixed below the sliding column 706. The two sliding tubes 707 are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding rods 708. The control motor 3 704 drives the threaded rod 703 to rotate, and the rotation of the threaded rod 703 drives the wedge block 705 to move. The movement of the wedge block 705 drives the sliding column 706 to slide at the bottom of the collecting hopper 702, so that the top column 709 pushes the pipe at the bottom of the collecting hopper 702 into the rotating cylinder 603.

[0050] The left and right sides of the collecting hopper 702 are both provided with movable blocks 715, and the side surfaces of the two movable blocks 715 close to each other are fixed with limit pins 716, and the two limit pins 716 are slidably connected to the collecting hopper 702. The outer surfaces of the two movable blocks 715 are hinged with two hinge rods 714, and the two hinge rods 714 located on the front side of the collecting hopper 702 are a group, and the two hinge rods 714 located on the back side of the collecting hopper 702 are a group. The two limit pins 716 will be inserted into the collecting hopper. The second pipe from bottom to top in bucket 702 is prevented from falling. After the wedge block 705 drives the sliding column 706 to move to the rightmost end, the top column 709 is outside the collecting hopper 702. At this time, the two limit pins 716 limit the second pipe, and the pipe in the collecting hopper 702 will fall to the bottom of the collecting hopper 702 due to gravity. When the motor three 704 is controlled to drive the top column 709 to move to the left end, the top column 709 will push the pipe at the bottom of the collecting hopper 702 out of the collecting hopper 702.

[0051] See also Fig.11 and Fig.12The propulsion mechanism 7 also includes two movable plates 712, two sets of hinged rods 714 are respectively hinged to the two movable plates 712, long rods 717 are fixed to the outer surfaces of the two movable plates 712, and a force column 718 is fixed between the two long rods 717. A reset assembly is arranged above the two movable plates 712, and the reset assembly includes a fixed plate 710 fixed on the collecting hopper 702, and two fixed rods 711 are fixed below the fixed plate 710. The two fixed rods 711 are both slidably connected to the movable plate 712, and the outer surfaces of the two fixed rods 711 are sleeved with telescopic springs 713, and the two telescopic springs 713 are fixed between the fixed plate 710 and the movable plate 712.

[0052] After the wedge block 705 drives the sliding column 706 to move to the rightmost end, the wedge block 705 will press the force-bearing column 718 to make the two movable plates 712 move upward. The upward movement of the two movable plates 712 will drive the limit pin 716 to move away from the collecting hopper 702 through the hinge rod 2 714, so that the two limit pins 716 no longer limit the pipes in the collecting hopper 702, and the pipes in the collecting hopper 702 will fall to the bottom of the collecting hopper 702 due to gravity. When the control motor 3 704 drives the top column 709 to move to the left end, the wedge block 705 no longer presses the force-bearing column 718, and the movable plate 712 is reset by the spring tension of the telescopic spring 713, so that the two limit pins 716 are inserted into the second pipe from the bottom to the top in the collecting hopper 702 to prevent the second pipe from falling, and the top column 709 will push the pipe at the bottom of the collecting hopper 702 out of the collecting hopper 702, so that the device can continuously load materials.

[0053] Working principle: When performing the perforation operation, the main shell of the heat exchanger is placed on two placement platforms 3, and the main shell of the heat exchanger is grabbed and lifted to the top through the three-axis clamping platform 2. The motor three 704 is controlled to drive the threaded rod 703 to rotate. The threaded rod 703 rotates through the wedge block 705 to drive the sliding column 706 to move. The top column 709 on the sliding column 706 will push the pipe at the bottom of the collecting hopper 702 into the rotating cylinder 603. The electric telescopic rod two 606 is controlled to drive the ring slide groove two 607 to move, so that the slider 611 squeezes the moving box 613 close to the pipe through the hinge rod one 614, so that the anti-slip rollers 615 on the three moving boxes 613 approach and clamp the pipe, and then the mobile platform 401 moves the clamped guide component 5 to insert the pin column 501 into the pipe port.

[0054] Then, the moving platform 401 is controlled to move to the leftmost end, and then the three-axis clamping platform 2 is used to control the movement of the heat exchanger main body shell so that the hole where the pipe needs to be inserted coincides with the axis of the rotating cylinder 603. The sliding column 706 is controlled to push the pipe to be inserted into the heat exchanger main body shell through the top column 709. At the same time, the motor 2 608 is started to rotate the rotating cylinder 603. The rotation of the rotating cylinder 603 drives the clamped pipe to rotate, so that the pipe produces a composite motion of forward and rotation. The rotating pipe insertion method can convert sliding friction into rolling friction. Since the friction coefficient of rolling friction is small, the resistance during insertion can be reduced, making it easier to insert the pipe, and effectively avoiding the problem of deformation caused by too much obstruction during the pipe insertion operation. On the other hand, during the pipe insertion operation, the pipe drives the guide assembly 5 to pass through the hole of the tube sheet first, and the annular steel brush 503 will scrape and clean the inner wall of the hole of the tube sheet, so that the floating rust and impurity particles in the hole of the tube sheet are cleaned and dropped.

[0055] After the pipe threading operation, the clamping mechanism 4 is controlled to clamp the guide assembly 5 and pull it away from the pipe, so that the guide assembly 5 can be used for the next pipe threading operation. This method is repeated, so that the device can complete the pipe loading, guide installation, pipe threading hole finding and pipe pushing and threading one by one, and can repeat the operation in a cycle to improve the pipe threading efficiency of the heat exchanger.

[0056] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An automatic tube threading device for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A clamping mechanism (4) is arranged above the base (1), and the clamping mechanism (4) comprises a moving platform (401), an electric telescopic rod (410) is fixed on the moving platform (401), a moving seat (409) is fixed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (410), a rotating plate (408) is rotatably connected to a side of the moving seat (409) close to the moving platform (401), both ends of the rotating plate (408) are hinged with linkage rods (411), and ends of the two linkage rods (411) that are away from each other are hinged with a clamping plate (412); A guide assembly (5) is arranged on the right side of the movable seat (409), and the guide assembly (5) comprises a latch column (501), one end of which is fixed with a conical head (502) adapted to the movable seat (409), an annular steel brush (503) is fixed to the outer surface of the latch column (501), and a clamping groove (504) adapted to the clamping plate (412) is provided on the outer surface of the latch column (501); A drag reduction mechanism (6) is provided on the right side of the guide assembly (5), and the drag reduction mechanism (6) comprises a rotating cylinder (603), the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (603) is fixed with three straight slide grooves (610) in a circumferential array, the inner walls of the three straight slide grooves (610) are slidably connected with sliders (611), the outer surface of each slider (611) is hinged with a hinge rod (614), one end of the three hinge rods (614) is hinged with a moving box (613), and the inner wall of each moving box (613) is rotatably connected with five anti-skid rollers (615); A propulsion mechanism (7) is provided on the right side of the drag reduction mechanism (6), and the propulsion mechanism (7) comprises a support frame (701) fixed to the right side of the base (1), a collecting hopper (702) is fixed above the support frame (701), a sliding column (706) is slidably connected to the bottom of the collecting hopper (702), and one end of the sliding column (706) is rotatably connected to a top column (709).

2. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Fixed blocks (402) are fixed on both sides of the movable platform (401); two electric rails (403) are installed above the base (1); the two fixed blocks (402) are respectively fixed to the movable ends of the two electric rails (403); a three-axis clamping platform (2) is arranged above the electric rail (403); the three-axis clamping platform (2) is installed on the upper surface of the base (1); two placement platforms (3) are fixed on the upper surface of the base (1); a material return groove is provided on the outer surface of the base (1); the material return groove is located between the two placement platforms (3).

3. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two symmetrical sliding rods (414) are fixed on the outer surface of the movable seat (409), and sliding tubes (413) are fixed on the outer surfaces of the two clamping plates (412). The two sliding tubes (413) are respectively slidably connected to the two sliding rods (414).

4. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rotating shaft (405) is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating sheet (408), and a rotating tube (404) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (405). The rotating tube (404) passes through the moving platform (401) and is rotatably connected to the moving platform (401). Two straight slide bars (406) are fixed on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (405), and both of the two straight slide bars (406) are slidably connected to the rotating tube (404). A motor 1 (407) is fixed above the moving platform (401), and an output end of the motor 1 (407) is transmission-connected to the rotating tube (404) via a belt and a pulley.

5. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drag reduction mechanism (6) further comprises a fixing seat (601) fixed on the base (1); a ring slide groove 1 (602) is fixed on the upper surface of the fixing seat (601); a ring slide bar (604) is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder (603); the ring slide bar (604) is rotatably connected to the ring slide groove 1 (602); a ring tooth (605) is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating cylinder (603); a motor 2 (608) is fixed on the outer surface of the fixing seat (601); a gear (609) is fixed on the output end of the motor 2 (608); the gear (609) is meshed with the ring tooth (605).

6. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The outer surface of the fixed seat (601) is fixed with an electric telescopic rod 2 (606), the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 2 (606) is fixed with an annular slide groove 2 (607), the three sliding blocks (611) are all slidably connected to the annular slide groove 2 (607), the outer surfaces of the three straight slide grooves (610) are all fixed with a fixed frame (612), the outer surfaces of the three moving boxes (613) are all fixed with a group of limit rods (616), the number of each group of limit rods (616) is two, and the three groups of limit rods (616) are respectively slidably connected to the three fixed frames (612).

7. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sliding column (706) is located on the axis line of the rotating cylinder (603), a wedge block (705) is fixed below the sliding column (706), a motor three (704) is fixed on the outer surface of the support frame (701), a threaded rod (703) is fixed to the output end of the motor three (704), the threaded rod (703) passes through the support frame (701) and is rotatably connected to the support frame (701), the threaded rod (703) is threadedly connected to the wedge block (705), two sliding rods two (708) are fixed between the support frame (701) and the annular sliding groove one (602), and two sliding tubes two (707) are fixed below the sliding column (706), and the two sliding tubes two (707) are slidably connected to the two sliding rods two (708) respectively.

8. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the collecting hopper (702) are both provided with movable blocks (715); the side surfaces of the two movable blocks (715) close to each other are both fixed with limit pins (716); the two limit pins (716) are both slidably connected to the collecting hopper (702); the outer surfaces of the two movable blocks (715) are both hinged with two hinged rods (714); the two hinged rods (714) located on the front side of the collecting hopper (702) are a group, and the two hinged rods (714) located on the back side of the collecting hopper (702) are a group.

9. The automatic tube threading equipment for shell-and-tube heat exchangers according to claim 8, characterized in that: The propulsion mechanism (7) further comprises two movable plates (712), the two groups of hinged rods (714) being hinged to the two movable plates (712) respectively, the outer surfaces of the two movable plates (712) being fixed with long rods (717), a force-bearing column (718) being fixed between the two long rods (717), and a reset assembly being arranged above the two movable plates (712), the reset assembly comprising a fixed plate (710) fixed to the collecting hopper (702), two fixed rods (711) being fixed below the fixed plate (710), the two fixed rods (711) being slidably connected to the movable plates (712), the outer surfaces of the two fixed rods (711) being sleeved with telescopic springs (713), and the two telescopic springs (713) being fixed between the fixed plate (710) and the movable plates (712).

Images