Rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line and rare earth permanent magnet material intelligent production method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line which comprises a sealed magnetic field pressing machine, a pressed blank conveying device, a boxing box, a conveying material box and a vacuum sintering furnace. The multiple sealed magnetic field presses are arranged side by side, one end of each sealed magnetic field press is connected with the side face of the pressed blank conveying device, and one end of the pressed blank conveying device is connected with the boxing box. The rare earth alloy powder is pressed into a pressed blank by the sealed magnetic field pressing machine, then the pressed blank is conveyed to a conveying belt arranged in the pressed blank conveying device, and the pressed blank is conveyed into a boxing box through the conveying belt; in the boxing box, the pressed blank is placed in a sintering material box placed in the boxing box. The number of the vacuum sintering furnaces is more than two. The conveying material box can move to the opposite face of the boxing box and the vacuum sintering furnace and is in butt joint with the boxing box and the vacuum sintering furnace. The invention also discloses an intelligent production method of the rare earth permanent magnet material, which is implemented by adopting the intelligent production line of the rare earth permanent magnet to realize the intelligent production of the rare earth permanent magnet material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of advanced equipment, and in particular relates to a rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line and an intelligent production method, which can be used to manufacture rare earth permanent magnets and other materials. Background Art

[0002] After 2020, with the development of smart phones, new energy vehicles, robots, artificial intelligence and aerospace, the demand for rare earth permanent magnets is increasing, and rare earths have become a scarce material in the world. Rare earth is a general term for 17 elements, mixed together in the form of oxides. NdFeB rare earth permanent magnets mainly use light rare earths praseodymium, neodymium and heavy rare earths dysprosium and terbium. Praseodymium and neodymium account for about 20% of the total rare earths, and heavy rare earths dysprosium and terbium account for less than 5% of the total rare earths; light rare earth elements lanthanum and cerium, which account for 70% of the total rare earths, are not used, and the supply of heavy rare earth elements dysprosium and terbium is tight. The application of rare earth resources is extremely unbalanced, resulting in a huge waste of rare earth resources. It is urgent to develop a new generation of rare earth permanent magnet production technology.

[0003] The industrial preparation of rare earth permanent magnet materials generally adopts powder metallurgy technology, which makes rare earth permanent magnet alloy into 3-5μm powder, forms it under magnetic field orientation, seals it and packs it, presses it isostatically, removes the packaging and vacuum sinters it to obtain rare earth permanent magnet sintered blank, i.e. rare earth permanent magnet material. Rare earth permanent magnet powder is very easy to oxidize and can burn itself in the atmosphere. It must be isolated from the atmosphere during the production process of rare earth permanent magnet. The oxidation problem in the production process has always restricted the development of the industry and seriously affected the consistency of products. At present, the press equipment and vacuum sintering furnace equipment used in the industry have poor production line adaptability. In the process of molding alloy powder into pressed green sheets and sintered green sheets, most of them require manual operation to complete the preparation of materials, placing and packing boxes, stacking boxes and loading furnaces, as well as the transportation of materials between various processes, and the removal of sintered green sheets. This will bring several problems, including that the materials are easily exposed to the external environment during manual operation, resulting in different degrees of oxidation, which affects the further improvement of the performance of rare earth permanent magnet materials; in addition, manual operation will not only reduce production efficiency, consume human resources, and increase production costs, but also affect the stability of product quality due to the uncertainty of manual operation, which will bring a certain defective rate to product production. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a highly automated, intelligent, and better production line adaptable rare earth permanent magnet material preparation industrialization equipment to change this situation in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line and an intelligent production method of rare earth permanent magnet materials, which are used to manufacture high-quality rare earth permanent magnet materials.

[0005] The present invention provides a rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line, comprising a sealed magnetic field press, a green sheet conveying device, a box packing box, a conveying material box and a vacuum sintering furnace. The conveying material box is filled with protective gas. There are more than two sealed magnetic field presses, which are arranged side by side. The green sheet conveying device comprises a green sheet conveying shell and a conveyor belt, which is arranged in the green sheet conveying shell. One end of each sealed magnetic field press is connected to the side of the green sheet conveying shell. The box packing box comprises a box packing box shell, a material box moving device and a third isolation valve, which is arranged at one end of the box packing box shell. One end of the green sheet conveying shell is connected to the box packing box shell, the conveyor belt extends into the box packing box shell, and the material box moving device can move horizontally and up and down. The sealed magnetic field press presses the rare earth alloy powder into green sheets and transfers it to the conveyor belt arranged in the green sheet conveying shell. The sealed magnetic field press, the green sheet conveying device and the box packing box constitute a closed space isolated from the atmosphere, and the protective gas is filled inside. The sealed magnetic field press completes powder loading, magnetic field forming and transfers the formed green compacts to the conveyor belt in the green compact conveying shell under a protective atmosphere. When the conveyor belt rotates forward, the conveyor belt conveys the green compacts to the box shell. The green compact conveying device serves as a common conveying channel for multiple sealed magnetic field presses, and can convey the green compacts pressed by each sealed magnetic field press to the box. In the box packing box, the compact is loaded into a sintering box placed on a box moving device; the conveying box includes a conveying box shell, a box clamping and lifting device, a longitudinal moving device, a transverse moving device and a second isolating valve; the second isolating valve is connected to the conveying box shell; the conveying box shell is installed on the transverse moving device, and the longitudinal moving device drives the conveying box shell together with the second isolating valve to move on the transverse moving device; there are more than one conveying box and more than two vacuum sintering furnaces, which are arranged side by side; a first isolating valve is arranged at one end of the vacuum sintering furnace; the conveying box can be moved to the opposite side of the box packing box and the vacuum sintering furnace respectively through transverse movement, and then connected to the box packing box and the vacuum sintering furnace respectively through longitudinal movement. After the conveying box is connected with the box loading box, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, the space inside the conveying box is connected with the space inside the box loading box, and the box moving device can move the sintering box between the box loading box and the conveying box; the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are closed, and the box loading box and the conveying box respectively constitute independent spaces isolated from the atmosphere; after the conveying box is connected with the vacuum sintering furnace, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are opened, the space inside the conveying box is connected with the space inside the vacuum sintering furnace, and the sintering box can move between the vacuum sintering furnace and the conveying box; the second isolation valve and the first isolation valve are closed, and the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace respectively constitute independent spaces isolated from the atmosphere.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the box further comprises a blank grabbing mechanism; the blank grabbing mechanism is arranged in the box shell, and the blank grabbing mechanism grabs the blanks on the conveyor belt and puts them into the sintering box on the box moving device.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the box packing box also includes a green sheet grabbing mechanism, a visual system and a controller; the material box moving device and the green sheet grabbing mechanism move according to the program set by the controller; the visual system guides the green sheet grabbing mechanism to grab the green sheet and automatically places the green sheet into the set position of the sintering material box according to the program.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a robot and a visual system are provided in the box; the robot is hoisted above the conveyor belt; the robot automatically finds the compact on the conveyor belt through the visual system and automatically places the compact into the set position of the sintering material box.

[0009] Gloves are provided on the shell of the box, and the operator can put the compacts on the conveyor belt into the sintering material box through the gloves.

[0010] After the loading box and the conveying box are docked, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, and the box moving device moves into the conveying box. Through the coordinated action of the box moving device and the box clamping and lifting device, the multi-layer sintering boxes on the box clamping and lifting device can be moved layer by layer to the box moving device; the box moving device moves the sintering boxes back to the loading box with the box moving device, and the empty sintering boxes in the loading box are loaded with the pressed blanks and then moved to the conveying box; after multiple operations of the box moving device and the box clamping and lifting device, the pressed blanks are loaded into the sintering boxes and the multi-layer sintering boxes are stacked; after closing the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve, the conveying box loaded with the multi-layer sintering boxes can move away from the loading box.

[0011] After the conveying box carrying the multi-layer sintering box containing the pressed blanks is separated from the box loading box, it is moved to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace and docked with the vacuum sintering furnace, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are opened, and the multi-layer sintering box in the conveying box is conveyed into the vacuum sintering furnace, and then the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are closed to separate the conveying box from the vacuum sintering furnace; before the box loading box and the conveying box are separated, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are closed first to ensure that the box loading box and the conveying box are both airtight; before the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are closed first to isolate the atmosphere in the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace from the atmosphere. After the vacuum sintering process of the vacuum sintering furnace is completed, the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace are docked again, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are opened, and the sintering box containing the sintered blanks is conveyed into the conveying box, and then the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are closed to separate the conveying box from the vacuum sintering furnace.

[0012] In the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line, magnetic field forming and vacuum sintering are automatically completed under nitrogen protection or vacuum conditions to produce rare earth permanent magnet sintered blanks.

[0013] The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line also includes a discharge mechanism, which is also arranged side by side with the vacuum sintering furnace; the conveying box can be moved horizontally to the opposite side of the discharge mechanism, and then driven by a longitudinal moving device to dock with the discharge mechanism. After docking, the second isolation valve is opened, and the sintering box in the conveying box can be conveyed to the discharge mechanism, or the sintering box on the discharge mechanism can be conveyed to the conveying box.

[0014] The discharging mechanism includes a box taking device, a fixed transfer assembly, a moving roller assembly and a fixed roller assembly; the box taking device is arranged on the fixed transfer assembly, and a conveying roller is also arranged on the fixed transfer assembly; the conveying material box moves horizontally to the opposite side of the discharging mechanism, and docks with the discharging mechanism through longitudinal movement. After docking, the second isolation valve is opened, and the box taking device enters the conveying material box to take out the sintering material box and put it on the conveying roller of the fixed transfer assembly, and the conveying roller of the fixed transfer assembly then conveys the sintering material box to the moving roller assembly; the moving moving roller assembly first docks with a group of fixed roller assemblies, and transfers the sintering material box to this group of fixed roller assemblies, and then the moving moving roller assembly docks with another group of fixed roller assemblies carrying empty sintering material boxes, and transfers the empty sintering material boxes to the moving roller assembly, and then the empty sintering material boxes are conveyed to the conveying material box through the moving roller assembly and the box taking device.

[0015] The sealed magnetic field press comprises a powder storage device, a powder loading device, a powder loading box, a press frame, a magnetic field forming device and a transfer mechanism; the magnetic field forming device comprises an upper pressure head assembly, a mold device, a lower pressure head assembly and an electromagnetic orientation magnetic pole; the powder storage device is located above the powder loading box; the powder loading device is arranged inside the powder loading box; the NdFeB alloy powder loaded in the powder storage device is quantitatively loaded into the mold cavity of the mold device through the powder loading device; the upper pressure head assembly, the mold device, the lower pressure head assembly and the electromagnetic orientation magnetic pole are arranged in the press frame; the upper pressure head assembly and the lower pressure head assembly are respectively arranged above and below the mold device; there are two electromagnetic orientation magnetic poles, which are respectively located on both sides of the mold device; the mold device, the upper pressure head assembly, the lower pressure head assembly and the electromagnetic orientation magnetic pole realize bidirectional pressing of the powder in the mold cavity under magnetic field orientation to press the powder into a compact; one side of the press frame is connected to the powder loading box, and the other side is connected to the compact conveying device; the transfer mechanism transfers the compact ejected from the mold cavity to the conveyor belt. The sealed magnetic field press is also provided with an electromagnetic orientation coil, which is sleeved on the outside of the electromagnetic orientation pole.

[0016] A sensor for detecting whether there is a pressed green sheet at the location is arranged near the interface where the sealed magnetic field press is connected to the housing of the conveying device. The sensor is used to control that pressed green sheets pressed by different sealed magnetic field presses do not collide with each other.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line includes more than 4 sealed magnetic field presses and more than 4 vacuum sintering furnaces.

[0018] The green compact grasping mechanism and the material box moving device are arranged in the box housing; the green compact grasping mechanism grasps the green compact conveyed into the box housing and puts it into the sintering material box on the material box moving device.

[0019] Gloves are provided on the shell of the box, and the operator uses the gloves to place the compacts on the conveyor belt into the sintering material box under the condition of being isolated from the atmosphere.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealed magnetic field press can be moved relative to the blank conveying device. In a more preferred embodiment, the sealed magnetic field press has wheels at the bottom. When the sealed magnetic field press needs maintenance, the connection with the blank conveying device can be released, and then the sealed magnetic field press moves away from the blank conveying device; when the sealed magnetic field press needs to be restored to working state after maintenance, the sealed magnetic field press moves toward the blank conveying device again and restores the connection with the blank conveying device. The movement mode of the sealed magnetic field press is selected from at least one of wheeled movement and slide rail movement. The maintenance of the sealed magnetic field press includes replacing molds, overhauling and other work. During the operation of the magnetic field press, a small amount of alloy powder will be attached to the press frame and the powder box. This part of the alloy powder needs to be cleaned regularly to avoid exposure to the atmosphere when it accumulates to a certain extent and causes combustion accidents. The blank conveying device serves as a common transmission channel for the sealed magnetic field press, and transmits the blanks pressed by each sealed magnetic field press to the box. Even if a sealed magnetic field press is undergoing maintenance or is restored to working order after maintenance, the airtightness of the billet conveying device will not be affected. It can still be used as a public conveying channel to provide automatic conveying of billets for other sealed magnetic field presses, ensuring the normal operation of the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, a press isolation door is provided at the interface of the blank conveying device connected to the sealed magnetic field press; when the sealed magnetic field press is released from the blank conveying device, it is necessary to close the press isolation door first to make the blank conveying device airtight and to continue to maintain the protective gas atmosphere in the enclosed space formed by the blank conveying device, the box and the sealed magnetic field press in working state.

[0022] After the packing box and the conveying box are docked, the process of automatically loading the compacts into the sintering box and automatically stacking the sintering boxes is completed through the reciprocating movement of the box moving device of the packing box and the lifting and lowering of the box lifting device in the conveying box, in coordination with the action of the compact grabbing mechanism.

[0023] After the loading box and the conveying box are docked, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, and the box moving device moves into the conveying box. Through the coordinated action of the box moving device and the box lifting device, the multi-layer sintering boxes on the box lifting device can be moved layer by layer to the box moving device; then, the box moving device moves the sintering boxes back to the loading box, and the empty sintering boxes in the loading box are loaded with compacts and then moved to the conveying box; after multiple operations of the box moving device and the box lifting device, the compacts are loaded into the sintering boxes and the multi-layer sintering boxes are stacked; then, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are closed, and the conveying box loaded with the multi-layer sintering boxes can move away from the loading box.

[0024] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the conveying material box also includes a material bed; there are multiple sintering material boxes in the conveying material shell, which are arranged in n layers up and down and placed on the material bed, and n ≥ 3. The process of loading the green sheets into the sintering material box and automatically stacking the sintering material boxes includes: after the box loading box is docked with the conveying material box, the material box lifting device lifts all n layers of empty sintering material boxes from the material bed, and the material box moving device moves horizontally from the box loading box to the conveying material shell, and then the material box lifting device puts n layers of empty sintering material boxes onto the material box moving device, and then the material box lifting device lifts (n-1) layers of empty sintering material boxes, and the material box moving device moves the remaining 1 layer of empty sintering material boxes from the conveying material shell to the box loading box, and then the material box moving device is lifted and moved to load the green sheets into the sintering material boxes in the box loading box, and then the material box moving device moves the sintering material boxes containing the green sheets horizontally to the conveying material shell. The material box lifting device then lowers the (n-1)th layer of empty sintering material boxes to the top of the layer of sintering material boxes on the material box moving device, and then lifts the (n-2)th layer of empty sintering material boxes by the material box moving device, and moves the 2-layer sintering material boxes including 1 layer of empty sintering material boxes from the conveying material shell to the box loading box by the material box moving device, and loads the compacts into the empty sintering material boxes in the box loading box, and so on, until all the n-layer empty sintering material boxes are loaded with compacts in the box loading box and then moved to the conveying material shell, and then the material box lifting device lifts the n-layer sintering material boxes with compacts from the material box moving device, the material box moving device returns to the box loading box, and the material box lifting device lowers the n-layer sintering material boxes onto the material bed.

[0025] The vacuum sintering furnace in the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line includes a furnace shell, a material moving device, a first isolation valve, a heating chamber and a vacuum system; the first isolation valve is connected to the front flange of the furnace shell; the heating chamber is arranged in the furnace shell. A heater is arranged in the heating chamber.

[0026] In a more preferred embodiment, the heating chamber includes a movable bottom plate assembly; the bottom plate assembly includes a sintering material box support, a heat insulation screen and a bottom plate shell, and rollers are arranged on the bottom plate shell, and the bottom plate assembly can be moved along the track on the inner wall of the furnace shell by the rollers; the material moving device includes a moving rod, a sealing assembly and a transmission device, the transmission device is arranged outside the furnace shell, the sealing assembly is connected to the furnace shell, and the transmission device drives the moving rod to pass through the sealing assembly into the furnace shell; the moving rod is connected to the bottom plate assembly to drive the bottom plate assembly to move. The sintering material box is supported on the sintering material box support and moves with the bottom plate assembly. The bottom plate assembly also includes a heater, which is arranged on the heat insulation screen; the material moving device has two moving rods, and electrodes for energizing the heater are arranged inside the moving rods.

[0027] The vacuum sintering furnace also includes an air-cooled heat exchange system and an air charging system; the air-cooled heat exchange system is arranged at the rear of the furnace shell, and the air inlet pipe of the air-cooled heat exchange system is connected to the furnace shell; the air-cooled heat exchange system includes a cooling fan and a heat exchanger; the air charging system includes an air charging valve; after the heating is completed, the air charging valve is opened to charge the vacuum sintering furnace with protective gas, and the cooling fan is started when the pressure in the furnace reaches the set value.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum sintering furnace is a horizontal structure, the furnace shell is provided with a water cooling jacket, and the vacuum sintering furnace further comprises a cooling system, and the cooling system provides cooling for the furnace shell.

[0029] The heating chamber also includes two side panel assemblies, which are respectively located on the left and right sides of the heating chamber; the air outlet pipe of the air-cooled heat exchange system is divided into two pipelines before entering the furnace shell, each pipeline is provided with a valve, and the pipeline passes through the furnace shell and is respectively connected to the two side panel assemblies of the heating chamber; the side panel assembly includes a side panel shell, a heat insulation screen and a nozzle; the nozzle is fixed on the side panel shell, and extends through the heat insulation screen of the side panel assembly to the inside of the heating chamber; the two valves are switched simultaneously or alternately. A pipeline is provided on the outside of the side panel assembly, and the pipeline is connected with the nozzle and the pipeline, and the gas flowing out of the air outlet pipe of the air-cooled heat exchange system is sprayed into the inside of the heating chamber through the nozzle.

[0030] The heating chamber also includes a front cover assembly and an upper plate assembly.

[0031] After the first isolation valve is opened, the bottom plate assembly can be moved to the outside of the vacuum sintering furnace; a movable conveying material box is arranged outside the vacuum sintering furnace; the vacuum sintering furnace can be docked with the conveying material box arranged outside the vacuum sintering furnace through the first isolation valve; after the vacuum sintering furnace is docked with the conveying material box, the bottom plate assembly moves to the conveying material box to carry the sintering material box containing the pressed blanks in the conveying material box, and then returns to the vacuum sintering furnace with the sintering material box, and then, the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated, and the vacuum sintering furnace performs the vacuum sintering process.

[0032] After the vacuum sintering process is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace and the conveying material box are connected, and the sintering material box containing the sintered blanks is transferred from the vacuum sintering furnace to the conveying material box through the bottom plate assembly; before and after the vacuum sintering furnace and the conveying material box are connected, the atmosphere in the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace is kept isolated from the atmosphere.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum system of the vacuum sintering furnace includes a mechanical vacuum pump that directly exhausts to the atmosphere and a Roots vacuum pump that further increases the vacuum degree in the furnace.

[0034] Although some forms of automatic press systems have appeared in the industry, connecting multiple presses in series through channels, a robotic arm is installed in each press to pick up materials and pack them into boxes, and then multiple carts are used to transfer the boxes in the channels. A large number of robotic arms and carts are used, and the structure and actions are complex and cumbersome. In addition, the boxing action in each press will also result in each press being equipped with a set of empty box conveying devices, and performing cumbersome empty box conveying actions at the same time. The above design not only increases the cost investment of system equipment, but more importantly, it reduces the operating efficiency of the entire system, increases the failure rate, and affects production efficiency. In the present invention, the sealed magnetic field press presses the rare earth alloy powder into green compacts and then directly transfers them to a conveyor belt arranged in a green compact conveying device, and the green compacts are collected into a unified box through the conveyor belt. The green compact conveying device serves as a common conveying channel for the sealed magnetic field presses, and transfers the green compacts pressed by each sealed magnetic field press to the box, and only one set of green compact grabbing mechanism is provided in the box, which grabs the green compacts and places them into a sintering box placed in the box, and then the conveying box and the box are connected, and the box is moved through the box. The reciprocating movement of the device and the lifting and lowering of the material box lifting device in the conveying box, together with the action of the green sheet grabbing mechanism, jointly complete the process of automatically loading the green sheets into the sintering material boxes and automatically stacking the sintering material boxes. Moreover, in this process, the empty material boxes are transported to the box loading box, the green sheets are loaded into the material boxes, and the material boxes are stacked at the same time. Not only is the device structure simple and reliable, the equipment volume is compressed, and the equipment cost is reduced, but more importantly, the overall operating efficiency of the system is improved, the equipment failure rate is reduced, which is conducive to the smooth operation of the entire system, improves production efficiency, and has strong practicality.

[0035] In some forms of press systems, the end is directly connected to the vacuum sintering furnace through a plug valve. Although the function of sending the material box containing the pressed green sheets into the vacuum sintering furnace is also realized, there are major problems with this fixed connection with the vacuum sintering furnace: the vacuum sintering process of a general vacuum sintering furnace is relatively long, which is much longer than the speed beat of multiple presses providing pressed green sheets. This causes the press system to stop after providing a furnace of pressed green sheets and wait for the fixedly docked vacuum sintering furnace to complete the vacuum sintering process, which runs counter to the original design of the press system composed of multiple presses, making the system lose its original meaning. In addition, some press equipment transfers materials to a mobile conveying device, but the mobile conveying device cannot be directly docked with the vacuum sintering furnace. Instead, the mobile conveying device first transfers the materials to a transitional glove box, and then the glove box transfers the materials to the vacuum sintering furnace, which does not have true process continuity. In the press system composed of a compact conveying device, a box packing box and multiple sealed magnetic field presses in the present invention, the box packing box at the end of the system is freely docked with a movable conveying material box, and then a conveying material box is freely docked with multiple vacuum sintering furnaces. This design allows the process rhythm of the press and the vacuum sintering furnace to be flexibly adapted, and the rare earth permanent magnet production can be flexibly arranged, thereby improving the working efficiency of the entire rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line also includes a first glove box, a second glove box and a discharge box, the other end of the billet conveying shell is connected to the first glove box, the first glove box includes a first glove box body and a fourth isolation valve, and the fourth isolation valve is arranged at the end of the first glove box body; one side of the box loading box is connected to the second glove box through a glove box interface, the second glove box includes a second glove box body and a fifth isolation valve, and the fifth isolation valve is arranged at the end of the second glove box body.

[0037] In one embodiment, the discharge box is movable and can be docked with the first glove box and the second glove box respectively. The sealed magnetic field press presses the rare earth alloy powder into a green compact and then transfers it to a conveyor belt arranged in a green compact conveying device, and transfers the green compact to the first glove box through the conveyor belt, and the green compact is transferred to the discharge box docked with the first glove box via the first glove box; then, the discharge box is separated from the first glove box and carries the green compact to be processed in the first process; the discharge box then carries the green compact processed in the first process and docks with the second glove box, and transfers the green compact to the second glove box; the green compact enters the box for boxing via the second glove box, and is boxed by the green compact grabbing mechanism.

[0038] In another embodiment, the discharge box is fixedly connected to the other side of the fourth isolation valve, and a feed box is also provided on the other side of the fifth isolation valve; the operator uses the gloves on the first glove box to pack the green sheets on the conveyor belt in the first glove box, and then moves the green sheets to the discharge box, and then moves the green sheets out of the discharge box by moving means for the first process. After the first process is completed, the green sheets are moved into the feed box by moving means, and then the green sheets are moved from the feed box to the second glove box. The operator uses the gloves of the second glove box to remove the packaging of the green sheets and put them on the conveyor belt, so that the green sheets are sent to the boxing box through the conveyor belt for boxing. Then, the movable conveying box is connected to the boxing box and the vacuum sintering furnace respectively, and the sintering box containing the green sheets is transferred from the boxing box to the vacuum sintering furnace for vacuum sintering. The first process includes but is not limited to the isostatic pressing process.

[0039] The present invention also proposes an intelligent production method for rare earth permanent magnet materials, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line. The entire process from loading the powder into the sealed magnetic field press to sintering the compact is completed under isolation from the atmosphere. The intelligent production method includes the following steps: (1) Under a protective atmosphere, the powder loading device of the sealed magnetic field press automatically loads the alloy powder in the powder storage box into the mold cavity of the mold device in a quantitative manner; the magnetic field forming device performs bidirectional pressing on the alloy powder in the mold cavity under magnetic field orientation conditions; the formed green compact is ejected from the mold cavity and placed on a conveyor belt in the green compact conveying device; (2) Under a protective atmosphere, a conveyor belt transports the compacts from multiple sealed magnetic field presses to a box, where the compacts are placed in a sintering material box; (3) Docking the conveying box and the box loading box, conveying the sintering boxes into the conveying box, and stacking the sintering boxes in the conveying box; (4) After the conveying material box is separated from the box packing box, it is moved to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace and docked with the vacuum sintering furnace to convey the sintering material box in the conveying material box to the vacuum sintering furnace; the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated, and the green compact is subjected to a vacuum sintering process in the vacuum sintering furnace; during steps (1) to (4), the green compact is always isolated from the atmosphere; (5) After the vacuum sintering process is completed, the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are connected, and the sintering material box containing the sintered blank in the vacuum sintering furnace is conveyed to the conveying material box, and then the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated; (6) The conveying box moves to the opposite side of the discharging mechanism and docks with the discharging mechanism, and the sintering boxes in the conveying box are conveyed to the discharging mechanism in layers; the sintering boxes above the discharging mechanism are then conveyed to the conveying box and stacked; (7) The conveying box is moved to the opposite side of the box loading box and docked with the box loading box; the empty sintering boxes in the conveying box are transferred to the box loading box in layers, and the compacts are placed in the sintering boxes according to step (2); thus, the intelligent production of rare earth permanent magnet materials is realized.

[0040] The process of placing the compact into the sintering box in the box packing box is that the robot and the visual system in the box packing box automatically find the compact on the conveyor belt and automatically place the compact into the set position of the sintering box.

[0041] After the packing box and the conveying box are docked, the protective gas is filled into the space between the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve. After the set requirements are met, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, and the box moving device moves into the conveying box to move the multi-layer sintering boxes back to the packing box layer by layer; the empty sintering boxes in the packing box are loaded with pressed blanks and then moved to the conveying box; after multiple operations of the box moving device and the box clamping and lifting device, the pressed blanks are loaded into the sintering boxes and the multi-layer sintering boxes are stacked; the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are closed, and the conveying box loaded with the multi-layer sintering boxes moves away from the packing box, and then moves to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace and docks with the vacuum sintering furnace.

[0042] The number of sealed magnetic field presses is 4-8, the number of vacuum sintering furnaces is 5-8, and the number of conveyor boxes is 2.

[0043] Before the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated, the isolation valve between the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace is closed to keep the atmosphere in the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace isolated from the atmosphere.

[0044] The manufacturing method also includes: after the vacuum sintering process is completed, the conveying material box is connected with the vacuum sintering furnace, and the sintering material box containing the sintered blank is conveyed into the conveying material box, and then the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated; the conveying material box is moved to the front of the discharge mechanism, and the second isolation valve is opened to move the sintering material box containing the sintered blank in the conveying material box to the discharge mechanism, and then the empty sintering material box on the discharge mechanism is conveyed into the conveying material box; before the conveying material box is moved to the box loading box, the conveying material box and the loading box are connected, and the empty sintering material box is moved from the conveying material box to the box loading box to complete the magnetic field forming and vacuum sintering process of the rare earth permanent magnet material; the sealed magnetic field press, the green sheet conveying device and the box loading box constitute a closed space, and the protective gas is filled inside; from the time the green sheet is loaded into the sintering material box to the end of the vacuum sintering, the green sheet is always isolated from the atmosphere.

[0045] In the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line of the present invention, the rare earth permanent magnet material process from alloy powder to magnetic field forming of sintered blank and vacuum sintering is automatically completed under nitrogen protection or vacuum conditions, so that the rare earth permanent magnet raw materials that are very easy to oxidize are always effectively isolated from the atmospheric environment, which is conducive to reducing the oxygen content in the material and further improving the performance of the rare earth permanent magnet material; in addition, the material preparation, boxing, furnace loading, material transportation between various processes, and the removal of sintered blanks in this process are completely completed in an automated form, which not only improves production efficiency, saves human resources, and reduces production costs, but also eliminates the uncertainty of manual operation, reduces the defective rate of products, and improves the stability of product quality. Under the same raw material composition and the same manufacturing process parameters, the oxygen content in the rare earth permanent magnet material manufactured by the technical solution of the present invention is reduced by about 200ppm, and the product defective rate caused in the process is reduced by about 30%.

[0046] The current vacuum sintering furnaces in the industry generally use a glove box structure and adopt manual operation to achieve protected feeding. In addition, most of them use a material fork device to move the material from the glove box to the material bed of the vacuum sintering furnace. When moving the material, the material fork of the cantilever structure will have a certain degree of shaking. The inventor found that in this production line, since two isolation valves are set between the vacuum sintering furnace and the conveying material box, if this type of vacuum sintering furnace is still used, the cantilever length of the material fork will need to be lengthened due to the large moving stroke, which is easy to cause the shaking to intensify. The compacts in the sintering material box are prone to produce micro defects in the shaking, which has a certain impact on the quality of the sintered rare earth permanent magnet material. The vacuum sintering furnace in the present invention includes a movable bottom plate assembly, and a roller is arranged on the bottom plate shell. The bottom plate assembly can be moved along the track on the inner wall of the furnace shell by the roller. After the vacuum sintering furnace is docked with the conveying material box, the bottom plate assembly moves into the conveying material box to carry the sintering material box containing the compacts in the conveying material box, and then returns to the vacuum sintering furnace with the sintering material box. The structure of the movable base plate assembly has stable transmission and well overcomes the above problems.

[0047] The present invention mainly solves the following problems: 1. The difficulty of producing NdFeB rare earth permanent magnets is that rare earth permanent magnet alloys are very easy to oxidize, the powder size is fine, the powder cannot be granulated, and the magnetic field is difficult to form. Some equipment seems to be able to complete isolation from the atmosphere, but in fact a large amount of nitrogen is wasted, and the oxygen content cannot be reduced. The oxygen content of the equipment production process of this application is lower than 200ppm. In order to reduce the oxidation of rare earth permanent magnet alloy powders, reduce the amount of rare earth, and improve magnetic properties, rare earth lanthanum and cerium are partially replaced by rare earth praseodymium and neodymium. The oxygen content of the equipment production process of this application is as low as 100ppm.

[0048] 2. Realize the magnetic field formability of refined powder, improve coercivity, and reduce the amount of heavy rare earth elements dysprosium and terbium. When isostatic pressing is cancelled in the prior art, the average particle size of the powder is generally higher than 3.5um. When the average particle size of the powder in this application is lower than 2.8um, the sealed magnetic field press also has good magnetic field formability, which is suitable for mass production.

[0049] 3. The powder loading device in the newly designed powder loading box evenly loads the powder into the mold and forms it according to the set process curve. Under the condition of canceling isostatic pressing, the compact density is greater than 4.5g / cm 3 .

[0050] 4. The newly designed green sheet conveying device has changed the practice of the existing technology. After the green sheet is taken out of the mold, it is directly placed on the conveyor belt in the green sheet conveying device. One conveyor belt connects all the magnetic field presses and conveys the green sheets to the same box for boxing. It has a simple and reliable structure, easy operation, low equipment cost and strong practicality.

[0051] 5. In the prior art, a box is set in front of each press, and then the boxes filled with compacts are respectively transferred to the glove box of the vacuum sintering furnace, and the glove box is then connected to the vacuum sintering furnace. The complicated equipment can easily increase the oxygen content of the compacts. In addition, this structure actually cannot do without human participation and cannot realize intelligent production. The conveyor belt of this application directly brings the compacts into the box, and the compacts are uniformly loaded into the sintering box by a robot with vision in the box, and the box is connected to the sintering furnace after being transferred. Low oxygen content, nitrogen saving, and high degree of automation.

[0052] 6. The conveying material box in the prior art cannot be directly connected to the vacuum sintering furnace. The conveying material box is first transferred to an intermediate glove box, and then transferred to the vacuum sintering furnace by the glove box. The conveying material box of the present invention is connected to the boxing box, and directly connected to the vacuum sintering furnace after the boxing box is removed. The empty sintering material box is transferred back to the boxing box through the conveying material box, realizing intelligent operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the vacuum sintering furnace involved in the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top structure of an embodiment of the vacuum sintering furnace involved in the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 It is a side structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the vacuum sintering furnace involved in the present invention.

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structural layout of an implementation method of the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line in the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an implementation mode of a sealed magnetic field press of the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the structural layout of another implementation method of the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0060] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The figure shows an embodiment of a vacuum sintering furnace in a rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line of the present invention, wherein the vacuum sintering furnace 01 comprises a furnace shell 1, a first isolation valve 2, a heating chamber 4 and a vacuum system 5; the first isolation valve 2 is connected to the front flange of the furnace shell; the heating chamber 4 is arranged in the furnace shell 1. A heater 15 is arranged in the heating chamber 4.

[0061] The vacuum sintering furnace 01 also includes a material moving device 3, and the heating chamber includes a movable bottom plate assembly 6; the bottom plate assembly 6 includes a sintering material box bracket 7, a heat insulation screen 8 and a bottom plate shell 9, and a roller 10 is arranged on the bottom plate shell 9, and the bottom plate assembly 6 can be moved along the track 11 on the inner wall of the furnace shell through the roller 10; the material moving device 3 includes a moving rod 12, a sealing assembly 13 and a transmission device 14, the transmission device 14 is arranged on the outside of the furnace shell 1, the sealing assembly 13 is connected to the furnace shell 1, and the transmission device 14 drives the moving rod 12 to pass through the sealing assembly 13 and enter the interior of the furnace shell 1; the moving rod 12 is connected to the bottom plate assembly 6, driving the bottom plate assembly 6 to move.

[0062] The bottom plate assembly 6 further includes a heater 16 , which is disposed on the heat insulation screen 8 ; the material moving device has two moving rods 12 , and electrodes for energizing the heater 16 are disposed inside the moving rods 12 .

[0063] The vacuum sintering furnace 01 further includes an air-cooling heat exchange system 17 and an air charging system 18; the air-cooling heat exchange system 17 is arranged at the rear of the furnace shell 1, and the air inlet pipe of the air-cooling heat exchange system is connected to the furnace shell 1. The air-cooling heat exchange system includes a cooling fan and a heat exchanger. The air charging system 18 includes an air charging valve 19; after heating, the air charging valve 19 is opened to charge protective gas into the vacuum sintering furnace, and the cooling fan is started when the pressure in the furnace reaches the set value.

[0064] The heating chamber 4 also includes two side panel assemblies 20, which are respectively located at the left and right sides of the heating chamber 4; the outlet pipe 21 of the air-cooled heat exchange system is divided into two pipelines 22 before penetrating into the furnace shell, each pipeline 22 is provided with a valve 23, and the pipeline 22 passes through the furnace shell 1 and is respectively connected to the two side panel assemblies 20 of the heating chamber; the side panel assembly 20 includes a side panel outer shell, a heat insulation screen and a nozzle 24. The nozzle 24 is fixed on the side panel outer shell, and extends to the interior of the heating chamber 4 through the heat insulation screen of the side panel assembly 20. The two valves 23 are switched simultaneously or alternately. A pipeline 25 is provided on the outside of the side panel assembly 20, and the pipeline 25 is connected with the nozzle 24 and the pipeline 22. The gas flowing out of the outlet pipe 21 of the air-cooled heat exchange system is sprayed into the interior of the heating chamber 4 through the nozzle 24.

[0065] The heating chamber also includes a front cover assembly and an upper plate assembly.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the vacuum sintering furnace is a horizontal structure, the furnace shell is provided with a water cooling jacket, and the vacuum sintering furnace further comprises a cooling system, and the cooling system provides cooling for the furnace shell.

[0067] After the first isolation valve 2 is opened, the bottom plate assembly 6 can be moved to the outside of the vacuum sintering furnace 01; a movable conveying material box 26 is arranged outside the vacuum sintering furnace 01, and a second isolation valve 30 is arranged at one end of the conveying material box 26. The vacuum sintering furnace 01 can be docked with the conveying material box 26 arranged outside the vacuum sintering furnace through the first isolation valve 2; after the vacuum sintering furnace 01 is docked with the conveying material box 26, the first isolation valve 2 and the second isolation valve 30 are opened, and the bottom plate assembly 6 moves into the conveying material box 26 to carry the sintering material box 27 containing the pressed green sheet in the conveying material box, and then returns to the vacuum sintering furnace 01 with the sintering material box 27, and then the conveying material box 26 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 are separated, and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 performs the vacuum sintering process. Before the conveying material box 26 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 are separated, the first isolation valve 2 and the second isolation valve 30 are closed first.

[0068] After the vacuum sintering process is completed, the vacuum sintering furnace 01 is connected to the conveying material box 26, and the sintering material box 27 containing the sintered blanks is transferred from the vacuum sintering furnace 01 to the conveying material box 26 through the bottom plate assembly 6; before and after the vacuum sintering furnace 01 is connected to the conveying material box 26, the atmosphere in the conveying material box 26 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 is kept isolated from the atmosphere.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum system 5 of the vacuum sintering furnace includes a mechanical vacuum pump 28 for directly exhausting to the atmosphere and a Roots vacuum pump 29 for further improving the vacuum degree in the furnace.

[0070] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum sintering furnace also includes a sintering material box cover opening device, which includes a synchronous cover opening adjustment device on the upper part of the furnace shell and a cover opening assembly inside the furnace shell; when the vacuum sintering furnace is working, the cover opening assembly drives the box covers of the sintering material boxes loaded in the vacuum sintering furnace to open or close at the same time, and there are more than 3 layers of sintering material boxes loaded in the furnace, and each layer of sintering material boxes has more than 1 box cover.

[0071] The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line includes a sealed magnetic field press 31, a compact conveying device 32, a box packing box 33, a conveying material box 26 and a vacuum sintering furnace 01. The conveying material box 26 is filled with protective gas. Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line includes 4 vacuum sintering furnaces and 4 sealed magnetic field presses arranged side by side. One end of each sealed magnetic field press is respectively connected to the side of the green sheet conveying device 32, and one end of the green sheet conveying device 32 is connected to the box 33; the sealed magnetic field press 31, the green sheet conveying device 32 and the box 33 constitute a closed space, which is filled with protective gas. The sealed magnetic field press 31 presses the rare earth alloy powder into green sheets and then transfers them to the conveyor belt arranged in the green sheet conveying device 32, and transfers the green sheets to the box 33 through the conveyor belt. The green sheet conveying device 32 serves as a common transmission channel for the sealed magnetic field press, and transfers the green sheets pressed by each sealed magnetic field press to the box 33. A green sheet grabbing mechanism is arranged in the box, and the green sheet grabbing mechanism grabs the green sheets and puts them into the sintering material box placed in the box.

[0072] The box loading box 33 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 are arranged side by side, and the conveying material box 26 can be moved to the opposite side of the box loading box 33 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 by horizontal movement, and then the conveying material box 26 can be docked with the box loading box 33 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 by longitudinal movement. A third isolation valve 34 is provided at one end of the box loading box 33. After the conveying material box 26 is docked with the box loading box 33, the second isolation valve 30 and the third isolation valve 34 are opened, and the space in the conveying material box 26 is connected with the space in the box loading box 33, and then the sintering material box can be moved between the box loading box 33 and the conveying material box 26. Before the box loading box 33 and the conveying material box 26 are separated, the second isolation valve 30 and the third isolation valve 34 are closed first to ensure that the box loading box 33 and the conveying material box 26 are sealed and airtight.

[0073] After being separated from the boxing box 33, the conveying box 26 carrying the sintering box containing the pressed green sheets is moved to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace 01 and docked with the vacuum sintering furnace 01. After docking, the first isolating valve 2 and the second isolating valve 30 are opened to convey the sintering box containing the pressed green sheets in the conveying box 26 to the vacuum sintering furnace 01, and then the conveying box 26 is separated from the vacuum sintering furnace 01. Before the conveying box 26 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 are separated, the first isolating valve 2 and the second isolating valve 30 are closed first to isolate the atmosphere in the conveying box 26 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 from the atmosphere.

[0074] After the vacuum sintering process of the vacuum sintering furnace is completed, the sintering box containing the sintered blanks is transferred to the conveying box through the docking of the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace, and then the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated; in the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line, magnetic field forming and vacuum sintering are automatically realized under nitrogen protection or vacuum conditions to produce rare earth permanent magnet sintered blanks.

[0075] The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line also includes a discharge mechanism 35, which is also arranged side by side with the box loading box 33 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01. The conveying box 26 can be moved horizontally to the opposite side of the discharge mechanism 35, and then docked with the discharge mechanism 35 by longitudinal movement. After docking, the second isolation valve 30 is opened, and the sintering box in the conveying box 26 can be conveyed to the discharge mechanism 35, or the sintering box on the discharge mechanism 35 can be conveyed to the conveying box 26.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, the sealed magnetic field press 31 includes a powder storage device 36, a powder loading device 37, a powder loading box 38, a press frame 39, an upper press head assembly 40, a mold device 41, a lower press head assembly 42 and an electromagnetic orientation pole 43; the powder storage device 36 is located above the powder loading box 38; the powder loading device 37 is arranged inside the powder loading box 38; the NdFeB alloy powder loaded in the powder storage device 36 is quantitatively loaded into the mold cavity of the mold device 41 through the powder loading device 37; the upper press head assembly 40, the mold device 41, the lower press head assembly 42 and the electromagnetic orientation pole 43 are arranged in the press frame 39; the upper press head assembly 40 and the lower press head assembly 42 are respectively arranged above and below the mold device 41; there are two electromagnetic orientation poles 43, which are respectively located on both sides of the mold device 41. One side of the press frame 39 is connected to the powder loading box 38, and the other side is connected to the compact conveying device 32, and a conveyor belt 44 is arranged in the compact conveying device 32.

[0077] The mold device, the upper pressing head assembly, the lower pressing head assembly and the electromagnetic orientation magnetic poles realize bidirectional pressing of the powder in the mold cavity under magnetic field orientation to press the powder into a compact. The compact is ejected from the mold cavity and transferred to a conveyor belt.

[0078] The sealed magnetic field press is also provided with an electromagnetic orientation coil, which is sleeved on the outside of the electromagnetic orientation pole.

[0079] exist Figure 5 In the embodiment shown, a wheel 45 is provided at the lower part of the press frame 39, which can move along the axis formed by the powder box 38, the press frame 39 and the compact conveying device 32. A wheel 46 is also provided below the powder box 38, which can also move. A press isolation door 47 is provided at the interface connecting to the sealed magnetic field press 31 on the compact conveying device 32.

[0080] When the sealed magnetic field press needs maintenance, the press frame can be disconnected from the billet conveying device, and then the press frame and the powder box can be moved away from the billet conveying device; when the sealed magnetic field press needs to be restored to working condition after maintenance, the press frame and the powder box can be moved toward the billet conveying device, and the connection between the press frame and the billet conveying device can be restored. When the sealed magnetic field press is disconnected from the billet conveying device, it is necessary to close the press isolation door first to make the billet conveying device airtight, and continue to maintain the protective gas atmosphere in the enclosed space formed by the billet conveying device, the box and the sealed magnetic field press in working condition. The maintenance of the sealed magnetic field press includes replacing molds, overhauling and other work.

[0081] The green compact conveying device is used as a common conveying channel for the sealed magnetic field presses, and conveys the green compacts pressed by each sealed magnetic field press into the box. Even if a sealed magnetic field press is undergoing maintenance or is restored to work after maintenance, the airtightness of the green compact conveying device will not be affected. It can still be used as a common conveying channel to provide automatic conveying of green compacts for other sealed magnetic field presses, ensuring the normal operation of the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line.

[0082] The blank conveying device includes a blank conveying shell; one end of the blank conveying shell is connected to the box packing box, and the side is connected to the sealed magnetic field press; a sensor for detecting whether there is a blank at that position is arranged near the interface connecting the sealed magnetic field press and the blank conveying shell, and the sensor is used to control the blanks pressed by different sealed magnetic field presses to prevent collision.

[0083] The box-packing box includes a box-packing box shell and a material box moving device; one end of the box-packing box shell is connected to the third isolation valve, and the side is connected to the green sheet conveying device; the conveyor belt in the green sheet conveying device extends into the box-packing box shell; the green sheet grabbing material mechanism and the material box moving device are arranged in the box-packing box shell; the green sheet grabbing material mechanism grabs the green sheet conveyed into the box-packing box shell and puts it into the sintering material box on the material box moving device; after the box-packing box and the conveying material box are docked, the material box moving device can reciprocate in the box-packing box and the conveying material box. The material box moving device can move horizontally or up and down.

[0084] The discharging mechanism includes a box taking device, a fixed transfer assembly, a moving roller assembly and a fixed roller assembly; the box taking device is arranged on the fixed transfer assembly, and a conveying roller is also arranged on the fixed transfer assembly; the conveying material box moves horizontally to the opposite side of the discharging mechanism, and docks with the discharging mechanism through longitudinal movement. After docking, the second isolation valve is opened, and the box taking device can reciprocate between the conveying material box and the discharging mechanism; the moving roller assembly docks with the fixed transfer assembly, or docks with one or more fixed roller assemblies; when working, the box taking device enters the conveying material box to take out the sintering material box and puts it on the conveying roller of the fixed transfer assembly, and the conveying roller of the fixed transfer assembly then transfers the sintering material box to the moving roller assembly; the moving moving roller assembly first docks with a group of fixed roller assemblies to transfer the sintering material box to this group of fixed roller assemblies, and then the moving moving roller assembly docks with another group of fixed roller assemblies carrying empty sintering material boxes to transfer the empty sintering material boxes to the moving roller assembly, and then the empty sintering material boxes are transferred to the conveying material box through the moving roller assembly and the box taking device.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the conveying material box 26 includes a conveying material shell 48, a material box lifting device 49, a longitudinal moving device 50 and a transverse moving device 51; the conveying material box 26 can be moved laterally under the drive of the transverse moving device 51; the second isolation valve 30 is connected to the conveying material shell 48; the conveying material shell 48 is installed on the guide rail 52 in the transverse moving device 51, and the conveying material shell 48 together with the second isolation valve 30 can be moved longitudinally along the guide rail 52 in the transverse moving device 51 under the drive of the longitudinal moving device 50, so as to realize the docking of the conveying material box with the boxing box, or with the vacuum sintering furnace.

[0086] After the packing box and the conveying box are docked, the process of automatically loading the compacts into the sintering box and automatically stacking the sintering boxes is completed through the reciprocating movement of the box moving device of the packing box and the lifting and lowering of the box lifting device in the conveying box, in coordination with the action of the compact grabbing mechanism.

[0087] like Figure 6As shown, in another embodiment of the present invention, the rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line further includes a first glove box 53, a second glove box 54 and a discharge box 55. The other end of the green sheet conveying shell of the green sheet conveying device 32 is connected to the first glove box 53. The first glove box 53 includes a first glove box body and a fourth isolation valve 56. One side of the box loading box 33 is connected to the second glove box 54 through a glove box interface. The second glove box 54 includes a second glove box body and a fifth isolation valve 57. By moving the discharge box 55, the discharge box 55 can be docked with the first glove box 53 and the second glove box 54 respectively. The sealed magnetic field press 31 presses the rare earth alloy powder into a green compact and then transfers it to a conveyor belt set in the green compact conveying device 32, and transfers the green compact to the first glove box 53 through the conveyor belt. The green compact is then transferred to the discharge box 55 docked with the first glove box 53 via the first glove box 53; then, the discharge box 55 is separated from the first glove box 53, and the green compact is carried to the first process; the discharge box 55 then carries the green compact after the first process and docks with the second glove box 54, and transfers the green compact to the second glove box 54; the green compact enters the box packing box 33 via the second glove box 54, and is boxed by the green compact grabbing mechanism. Then, the movable conveying box 26 docks with the box packing box 33 and the vacuum sintering furnace 01 respectively, and the sintering box containing the green compact is transferred from the box packing box 33 to the vacuum sintering furnace 01 for vacuum sintering.

[0088] In another embodiment, a discharge box is fixedly connected to the other side of the fourth isolation valve, and a feed box is also provided on the other side of the fifth isolation valve; an operator packages the blanks on the conveyor belt in the first glove box through the gloves on the first glove box, and then moves the blanks to the discharge box, and then moves the blanks out of the discharge box by moving means for first process processing. After the first process processing is completed, the blanks are moved into the feed box by moving means, and then the blanks are moved from the feed box to the second glove box. The operator removes the packaging of the blanks through the gloves in the second glove box and places them on the conveyor belt, so that the blanks are sent to the boxing box for boxing through the conveyor belt.

Claims

1. A rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line, characterized by: It includes a sealed magnetic field press, a green sheet conveying device, a box packing box, a conveying material box and a vacuum sintering furnace; there are more than two sealed magnetic field presses, which are arranged side by side; the green sheet conveying device includes a green sheet conveying shell and a conveyor belt, and the conveyor belt is arranged in the green sheet conveying shell; one end of each sealed magnetic field press is connected to the side of the green sheet conveying shell; the box packing box includes a box packing box shell, a material box moving device and a third isolation valve, and the third isolation valve is arranged at one end of the box packing box shell; one end of the green sheet conveying shell is connected to the box packing box shell, the conveyor belt extends into the box packing box shell, and the material box moving device can be water The press comprises a powder loading device, a magnetic field forming device and a press frame; the press comprises powder loading, magnetic field forming and a formed green sheet to a conveyor belt in a green sheet conveying shell under a protective atmosphere; the conveyor belt conveys the green sheet to a box casing; in the box casing, the green sheet is loaded into a sintering box on a box moving device; the conveying box comprises a conveying box casing, a box clamping and lifting device, a longitudinal moving device and a transverse moving device. The second isolation valve is connected to the conveying material box shell; the conveying material shell is installed on the horizontal moving device, and the longitudinal moving device drives the conveying material box shell together with the second isolation valve to move on the horizontal moving device; there are more than one conveying material box; there are more than two vacuum sintering furnaces, which are arranged side by side; a first isolation valve is arranged at one end of the vacuum sintering furnace; the conveying material box can be moved to the opposite side of the box loading box and the vacuum sintering furnace, and docked with the box loading box and the vacuum sintering furnace respectively; after the conveying material box is docked with the box loading box, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, and the space in the conveying material box is The space inside the box is connected, and the material box moving device moves the sintering material box between the box box and the conveying material box; the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are closed, and the box box and the conveying material box respectively constitute independent spaces isolated from the atmosphere; after the conveying material box is docked with the vacuum sintering furnace, the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are opened, and the space inside the conveying material box is connected with the space inside the vacuum sintering furnace, and the sintering material box can move between the vacuum sintering furnace and the conveying material box; the first isolation valve and the second isolation valve are closed, and the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace respectively constitute independent spaces isolated from the atmosphere.

2. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box also includes a blank grabbing mechanism; the blank grabbing mechanism is arranged in the box shell, and the blank grabbing mechanism grabs the blanks on the conveyor belt and puts them into the sintering box on the box moving device.

3. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The box packing box also includes a green compact grasping mechanism, a visual system and a controller; the material box moving device and the green compact grasping mechanism move according to the program set by the controller; the visual system guides the green compact grasping mechanism to grasp the green compact and automatically puts the green compact into the set position of the sintering material box according to the program.

4. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A robot and a visual system are arranged in the box; the robot is hoisted above the conveyor belt; the robot automatically finds the compacts on the conveyor belt through the visual system and automatically places the compacts into the set position of the sintering box.

5. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Gloves are provided on the shell of the box, and the operator can put the compacts on the conveyor belt into the sintering material box through the gloves.

6. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the loading box and the conveying box are docked, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, and the box moving device moves into the conveying box. Through the coordinated action of the box moving device and the box clamping and lifting device, the multi-layer sintering boxes on the box clamping and lifting device can be moved layer by layer to the box moving device; the box moving device moves the sintering boxes back to the loading box with the box moving device, and the empty sintering boxes in the loading box are loaded with the pressed blanks and then moved to the conveying box; after multiple operations of the box moving device and the box clamping and lifting device, the pressed blanks are loaded into the sintering boxes and the multi-layer sintering boxes are stacked; after closing the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve, the conveying box loaded with the multi-layer sintering boxes can move away from the loading box.

7. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The conveying box carrying the multi-layer sintering box containing the pressed blanks is moved to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace and docked with the vacuum sintering furnace, the first isolating valve and the second isolating valve are opened, and the multi-layer sintering box in the conveying box is conveyed into the vacuum sintering furnace, and then, the first isolating valve and the second isolating valve are closed, and the conveying box is separated from the vacuum sintering furnace; after the vacuum sintering process of the vacuum sintering furnace is completed, the conveying box and the vacuum sintering furnace are docked again, the first isolating valve and the second isolating valve are opened, and the sintering box containing the sintered blanks is conveyed from the vacuum sintering furnace to the conveying box, and then, the first isolating valve and the second isolating valve are closed, and the conveying box is separated from the vacuum sintering furnace.

8. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vacuum sintering furnace includes a furnace shell, a material moving device, a heating chamber and a vacuum system; the first isolation valve is connected to the front flange of the furnace shell; the heating chamber is arranged in the furnace shell, and includes a movable bottom plate assembly; the bottom plate assembly includes a sintering material box bracket, a heat insulation screen and a bottom plate shell, and rollers are arranged on the bottom plate shell, and the bottom plate assembly can move along the track on the inner wall of the furnace shell through the rollers; the material moving device includes a moving rod, a sealing assembly and a transmission device; the transmission device is arranged outside the furnace shell; the transmission device drives the moving rod to pass through the sealing assembly and enter the inside of the furnace shell; the moving rod is connected to the bottom plate assembly to drive the bottom plate assembly to move; the sintering material box is supported on the sintering material box bracket and moves with the bottom plate assembly.

9. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line also includes a discharge mechanism; the discharge mechanism is also arranged side by side with the vacuum sintering furnace; the conveying box can be moved horizontally to the opposite side of the discharge mechanism, and then driven by a longitudinal moving device to dock with the discharge mechanism. After docking, the second isolation valve is opened, and the sintering box in the conveying box can be conveyed to the discharge mechanism, or the sintering box on the discharge mechanism can be conveyed to the conveying box.

10. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The discharging mechanism includes a box taking device, a fixed transfer assembly, a moving roller assembly and a fixed roller assembly; the box taking device is arranged on the fixed transfer assembly, and a conveying roller is also arranged on the fixed transfer assembly; the conveying material box moves horizontally to the opposite side of the discharging mechanism, and docks with the discharging mechanism through longitudinal movement. After docking, the second isolation valve is opened, and the box taking device enters the conveying material box to take out the sintering material box and put it on the conveying roller of the fixed transfer assembly, and the conveying roller of the fixed transfer assembly then conveys the sintering material box to the moving roller assembly; the moving moving roller assembly first docks with a group of fixed roller assemblies, and transfers the sintering material box to this group of fixed roller assemblies, and then the moving moving roller assembly docks with another group of fixed roller assemblies carrying empty sintering material boxes, and transfers the empty sintering material boxes to the moving roller assembly, and then the empty sintering material boxes are conveyed to the conveying material box through the moving roller assembly and the box taking device.

11. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line includes more than 4 sealed magnetic field presses and more than 4 vacuum sintering furnaces.

12. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealed magnetic field press has wheels at the bottom, which can move relative to the green sheet conveying device.

13. The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Gloves are provided on the shell of the box, and the operator uses the gloves to place the compacts on the conveyor belt into the sintering material box under the condition of being isolated from the atmosphere.

14. An intelligent production method for rare earth permanent magnet materials, characterized in that: The rare earth permanent magnet intelligent production line according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is implemented, and the steps are as follows: (1) Under a protective atmosphere, the powder loading device of the sealed magnetic field press automatically loads the alloy powder in the powder storage box into the mold cavity of the mold device in a quantitative manner; the magnetic field forming device performs bidirectional pressing on the alloy powder in the mold cavity under magnetic field orientation conditions; the formed green compact is ejected from the mold cavity and placed on a conveyor belt in the green compact conveying device; (2) Under a protective atmosphere, a conveyor belt transports the compacts from multiple sealed magnetic field presses to a box, where the compacts are placed in a sintering material box; (3) Docking the conveying box and the box loading box, conveying the sintering boxes into the conveying box, and stacking the sintering boxes in the conveying box; (4) After the conveying material box is separated from the box packing box, it is moved to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace and docked with the vacuum sintering furnace to convey the sintering material box in the conveying material box to the vacuum sintering furnace; the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated, and the green compact is subjected to a vacuum sintering process in the vacuum sintering furnace; during steps (1) to (4), the green compact is always isolated from the atmosphere; (5) After the vacuum sintering process is completed, the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are connected, and the sintering material box containing the sintered blank in the vacuum sintering furnace is conveyed to the conveying material box, and then the conveying material box and the vacuum sintering furnace are separated; (6) The conveying box moves to the opposite side of the discharging mechanism and docks with the discharging mechanism, and the sintering boxes in the conveying box are conveyed to the discharging mechanism in layers; the sintering boxes above the discharging mechanism are then conveyed to the conveying box and stacked; (7) The conveying box is moved to the opposite side of the box loading box and docked with the box loading box; the empty sintering boxes in the conveying box are transferred to the box loading box in layers, and the compacts are placed in the sintering boxes according to step (2); thus, the intelligent production of rare earth permanent magnet materials is realized.

15. The intelligent production method of rare earth permanent magnet material according to claim 14, characterized in that: The process of placing the compact into the sintering box in the boxing box is that the robot and the visual system arranged in the boxing box automatically find the compact on the conveyor belt and automatically place the compact into the set position of the sintering box.

16. The intelligent production method of rare earth permanent magnet material according to claim 14, characterized in that: After the packing box and the conveying box are docked, the protective gas is filled into the space between the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve. After the set requirements are met, the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are opened, and the box moving device moves to the conveying box, and the multi-layer sintering boxes are moved back to the packing box layer by layer; The empty sintering material boxes in the box loading box are loaded with compacts and then moved to the conveying material box; after multiple operations of the material box moving device and the material box clamping and lifting device, the compacts are loaded into the sintering material boxes and the multi-layer sintering material boxes are stacked; the second isolation valve and the third isolation valve are closed, and the conveying material box loaded with multi-layer sintering material boxes moves away from the box loading box, and then moves to the opposite side of the vacuum sintering furnace and docks with the vacuum sintering furnace.

17. The intelligent production method of rare earth permanent magnet material according to claim 14, characterized in that: The number of sealed magnetic field presses is 4-8, the number of vacuum sintering furnaces is 5-8, and the number of conveyor boxes is 2.

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