Mesh bag hoisting and unloading type rice straw integrated combined harvesting device and harvesting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mesh bag hoisting and unloading type rice straw integrated combined harvesting device and a harvesting method, and belongs to the technical field of rice straw integrated harvesting equipment. Comprising a harvester body composed of a crawler-type walking chassis, a driving control position, a harvesting component, an inclined conveying device, a threshing component, a threshing device, a separating device, a cleaning device, a residue processing device, a straw walker, a grain elevator, an engine, a transmission system, a hydraulic system and an electrical system. A threshing component is arranged in the middle of a chassis frame on the harvester body, and a lifting and unloading type mesh bag grain storage component is arranged on the right side of the harvester body. The whole-feeding type crawler belt combine harvester technology widely used in southern rice areas at present is introduced, part of complete mechanism components are applied, the technology and the manufacturing process are mature, and the quality is reliable. A grain tank and a grain unloading barrel are removed, and a grain storage mesh bag, a grass storage mesh bag, a straw guide component and an ensiling agent adding component are added, so that the manufacturing cost is lower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting equipment, and in particular to a net bag hanging and unloading type rice-grain-straw integrated combined harvesting device and a harvesting method. Background Art

[0002] Forage shortage is a key bottleneck restricting the development of cattle and sheep industries in the south. The utilization of rice straw as feed is an important way to solve the problem of forage shortage for cattle and sheep, and it is also an effective strategy to reduce the pressure of ban on burning and promote the resource utilization of straw. However, at present, the collection of rice straw in southern my country is mainly dry rice straw, which is greatly affected by the weather. Compared with fresh rice straw silage, dry rice straw is prone to mildew during storage, has low nutritional value and poor palatability, which limits its utilization as feed. In addition, due to the heavy rainfall, small fields, soft soil and deep mud in the rice-growing areas in southern my country, it is difficult to collect rice straw from the field, with low efficiency and high cost. Therefore, the research on efficient, high-quality and low-cost agricultural machinery and equipment for collecting silage rice straw has become a key measure to promote the utilization of rice straw as feed in the south.

[0003] The crawler silage harvester with self-unloading silo currently used implements segmented harvesting, that is, after the combine harvester harvests the rice, the silage harvester goes to the field to harvest the straw. This device has two major drawbacks. One is that the straw scattered during rice harvesting and the straw crushed by the crawler cannot be fully harvested, which affects the harvest of fresh rice straw. The second is that the silage harvester causes secondary crushing of the rice field, which greatly damages the winter crops planted on the bottom of the rice, such as green manure (Chinese asparagus), winter forage (ryegrass, triticale, barley, etc.). In recent years, many scientific research institutions and enterprises have conducted useful explorations on the harvesting, removal from the field and silage of fresh rice straw: for example, rice is harvested by a pre-harvest stripping machine, with the rice straw stalks growing upright in the field. The fresh rice straw is then harvested and tied into small round bales (or packages) by a steel roller fresh rice straw harvesting and baling (or wrapping) machine and scattered in the field; full-feed and half-feed tracked combine harvesters harvest rice, with the rice straw spread in the field, and then a traction-type picking and baling (or wrapping) machine is used to pick up the fresh rice straw and tie it into small round bales (or packages); the grain-straw harvester developed by a large agricultural machinery enterprise can harvest rice and, at the same time, tie the fresh rice straw into small square bales or small bundles and throw them in the field. The above-mentioned harvesting devices and methods are limited by the application scenarios in the southern rice-growing areas. Transport vehicles cannot go to the fields to pick up materials simultaneously, and no material boxes are set up. They all need manual or secondary machinery to go to the fields to pick up straw bales (or packages) and transport them to the field mechanized farming road for loading and transportation to the warehouse (workshop). After the straw bales arrive at the workshop, they need to be crushed again for silage processing. Because the packages are completed in the field, some are not tight enough. Multiple picking, transportation, loading and unloading will also cause the packages to be damaged, resulting in large silage losses. In summary, the above-mentioned devices and methods have high costs, low efficiency, poor economic benefits for harvesting fresh rice straw, and are difficult to promote and apply in the market, which greatly restricts the industrialization of fresh rice straw silage. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a net bag hanging and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated combine harvester and a harvesting method. By referring to the mature technology of the full-feed combine harvester widely used in the southern rice-growing areas, and applying some of its complete sets of mechanism components, a hanging and unloading net bag platform is added to the harvester body, and grain storage net bags and grass storage net bags are placed respectively; straw guide components are added; liquid cylinders, nozzles, conduits, and water pumps are added. When this product harvests rice, the threshed and cleaned rice is transported to the grain storage net bag for storage through the grain elevator of the threshing component; at the same time, the rice straw sent out by the straw remover is collected and crushed by the guide component, and then thrown into the grass storage net bag for storage through the upper guide barrel, and the addition of silage agent is completed simultaneously. This product is completely suitable for application scenarios in southern rice-growing areas, breaking through the bottleneck of the difficulty of rice straw leaving the field, harvesting all fresh rice straw while harvesting rice, with high efficiency and low cost from the field, and better solving the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The technical solution of the first aspect: includes a harvester body composed of a crawler-type walking chassis, a driving control position, a harvesting part, an inclined conveying device, a threshing part: a threshing device, a separation device, a cleaning device, a waste processing device, a straw remover, a grain elevator, an engine, a transmission system, a hydraulic system, and an electrical system. The threshing part is placed in the middle of the chassis frame on the harvester body, and a hanging and unloading net bag grain storage part is arranged on the right side thereof, including: a grain storage platform, a grain storage guardrail, and a grain storage net bag; a hanging and unloading net bag grass storage part is arranged on the left side, including: a grass storage platform, a grass storage guardrail, and a grass storage net bag; a straw guide part is arranged at the rear end of the threshing part, including: a preliminary grass chopping device, a lower guide cylinder, a fan, a secondary grass chopping device, and an upper guide cylinder; a silage agent adding part is arranged on the outside of the guide part shell, including: a silage agent adding platform, a liquid cylinder, a water pump, a conduit, and a nozzle.

[0006] As a further solution of the present invention, the threshing component is located in the middle position of the chassis frame, and the right side thereof is a hanging and unloading net bag grain storage component, the outlet end of the grain elevator is connected to the grain storage net bag, and the left side of the threshing component is a hanging and unloading net bag grass storage component.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the grain storage net bag and grass storage net bag are made of nylon net, and are provided with a material guide port on the top, which respectively corresponds to the outlet end of the grain elevator and the outlet end of the upper material guide cylinder of the threshing component, and are used to collect and store rice and straw. Two lifting rings are provided on the top for crane to lift and unload the net bag. The bottom of the net bag is open. When collecting and storing materials, the bottom is fastened with a rope in the form of a buckle. The rope buckle is opened when the net bag material is transported to the warehouse or workshop for unloading. A combined harvester is equipped with multiple spare grain storage net bags and grass storage net bags for rotation and use.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the preliminary grass chopping device is installed at the output end of the straw walker, and is composed of a feed port, a moving knife group, a fixed knife group, and a discharge port, and receives the material sent out by the straw walker for preliminary crushing processing.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, the lower material guide cylinder is formed by welding steel plates, connected to the discharge port of the preliminary grass chopping device, and utilizes the penetration to transport the preliminary crushed materials to the fan.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the fan and the secondary grass chopping device are located at the connection between the lower material guide cylinder and the upper material guide cylinder. The fan blades rotate at high speed to accelerate the initially crushed materials and then feed them to the secondary grass chopping device for secondary crushing processing.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the upper material guide cylinder is made of welded steel plates and connected to the discharge port of the secondary grass chopping device to throw the secondary crushed material upward into the grass storage net bag.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the silage agent adding component is located outside the barrel housing of the material guide component, the silage agent adding platform is composed of a steel plate and an angle steel bracket, which is welded to the shell of the material guide component, and a snap-fit ​​clamp is provided on the silage agent adding platform for replacing and fixing the liquid cylinder. The cylinder body is made of PE material with a sealing cover for containing silage agent, and the entire cylinder of silage agent is replaced and used together with the cylinder body.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the water pump, the conduit and the nozzle are used to add silage agent to the crushed fresh rice straw. A small hole is opened at the outlet of the upper guide cylinder, and the nozzle is embedded in the small hole. The liquid cylinder is connected through the conduit and the water pump to spray the silage agent on the thrown rice straw. The water pump is a movable electric pump. When replacing the liquid cylinder, it is removed from the cylinder and put back into the cylinder after replacement.

[0014] The technical solution of the second aspect is a harvesting method of a net bag hanging unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation: The user moves the harvester body to the rice field, places the grain storage net bag and grass storage net bag on the net bag grain storage platform, and covers the net bag feed outlet on the grain elevator outlet and the upper feed guide barrel outlet of the threshing component; installs and fixes the liquid cylinder on the silage agent adding platform, and places the water pump in the liquid cylinder; Step 2: rice harvesting, the user pre-adjusts the harvesting components on the harvester body, and then moves the harvester body to the rice field to harvest the rice; Step 3: Rice processing: the whole rice harvested by the harvesting part on the harvester body enters the threshing part through the inclined conveying device, and is processed by the threshing device, the separation device, the cleaning device, and the residual processing device. The clean rice separated and cleaned is transported to the grain storage net bag for storage through the grain elevator; Step 4: Fresh rice straw processing: the whole rice plant entering the threshing unit is sent to the primary grass chopping device by the straw remover for primary crushing after being processed by the threshing device, separation device, cleaning device and residual processing device. The crushed residues from the primary crushing enter the lower guide cylinder, and after being accelerated by the fan, enter the secondary grass chopping device for secondary crushing to form smaller residues. The crushed residues after the secondary crushing pass through the upper guide cylinder under the action of wind, and then are thrown into the grass storage net bag for storage; Step 5: Adding silage agent. After the user starts to harvest rice, he turns on the water pump switch. The silage agent in the liquid tank is sent to the nozzle through the water pump and sprayed to the outlet of the upper guide barrel. Under the action of the airflow, the crushed fresh rice straw residue moves at high speed, and the silage agent is evenly attached to it. The silage agent is added; Step 6: Unloading of grain and straw. After the grain and straw net bags are filled with materials, the user moves the harvester to the side of the field and park it on the mechanized farming road. The grain and straw net bags are unloaded onto the flatbed tractor by the crane on the flatbed tractor. After unloading, the user re-places the grain and straw net bags, checks and replaces the liquid cylinder, and then proceeds to the next operation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Reliable quality and lower cost. The product of the present invention adopts the technology of the fully-fed crawler combine harvester currently widely used in the southern rice-growing areas, and applies some complete sets of its mechanism components. The technology and manufacturing process are mature, the quality is reliable, the grain box and grain unloading barrel are removed, and grain storage net bags, grass storage net bags, straw guide components, and silage agent adding components are added, and the cost is lower.

[0016] 2. One machine goes to the field to harvest both rice and straw. The product of the present invention can harvest rice and straw together, and is equipped with grain storage net bags and straw storage net bags to temporarily store the harvested rice and straw. When the rice and straw are full, they are unloaded by a flatbed tractor with a crane parked on the roadside. There is no need for transport vehicles to go to the field to pick up materials, and there is no need for mechanical or manual secondary harvesting, picking, baling, and transporting of rice straw, which greatly saves the cost of harvesting rice straw and leaving the field. At the same time, it also avoids the crushing and damage to the land caused by the secondary machinery going to the field, which is conducive to the planting and promotion of winter green manure and winter forage grass that need to be "planted under the rice".

[0017] 3. Promote the planting and promotion of regenerated rice. When the first-season rice is harvested, the regenerated rice is harvested by a traditional harvester specially designed for regenerated rice. The rice straw scattered by the harvester adheres to and covers the stubble, affecting the tillering of the regenerated rice and causing a reduction in the yield of the regenerated rice. It is necessary to go to the field manually to poke the rice straw, which increases the labor cost. The use of the product of the present invention can avoid the adhesion and covering of the rice straw on the stubble, thereby increasing the yield of the regenerated rice and reducing the production cost.

[0018] 4. High efficiency in harvesting straw, low cost and good benefits. The product of the present invention can harvest rice at low stubble by adjusting the harvesting parts; through the added straw guide parts, the straw, spike, husk, chaff and other grains discharged by the straw remover are fully collected, so that the straw can be fully collected and harvested. Compared with the existing straw segmented harvesting agricultural machinery equipment, the comprehensive harvesting efficiency of the straw of the present invention is increased by 70%, and the comprehensive harvesting benefit is increased by 85%.

[0019] 5. The bottleneck of rice straw removal from the field in southern rice-growing areas has been broken. The main structure and working principle of the product of the present invention are basically the same as those of the fully-fed crawler combine harvester currently widely used in southern rice-growing areas. It is completely suitable for the application scenarios of southern rice-growing areas with heavy rain, small fields, soft soil, and deep mud. It truly realizes the industrialization of rice straw-based silage, solves the dilemma of forage shortage in the south, and efficiently promotes the development of the cattle and sheep industry in the south.

[0020] 6. The cost of fresh rice straw silage is effectively reduced, and the quality of fresh rice straw is high. The product of the present invention completes the crushing of rice straw and the addition of silage agent in the field by adding straw guide components and silage agent adding components to the harvester body, reducing the loss of rice straw water and playing a role in preservation. At the same time, the closed environment department blocks the contamination of fresh rice straw by bacteria in the air, avoids aerobic fermentation and nutrient loss, and ensures the quality of fresh rice straw. The subsequent workshop crushing processing and the loading, transportation, mixing and other processes of spraying the fresh-keeping additive are reduced, which greatly saves machinery and labor costs and reduces the cost of fresh rice straw silage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a net bag hanging unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device and a harvesting method Figure 1 ; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a net bag hanging unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device and a harvesting method Figure 2 ; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the threshing component; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grain storage net bag components; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grass storage net bag components; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mesh bag platforms on the left and right sides of the threshing component; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanging unloading net bag; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the straw guide component; Fig. 9 Add a schematic diagram of the component structure for the silage agent; Fig.10 This is the cross-sectional structure diagram of the liquid cylinder platform and liquid cylinder Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the nozzle, conduit, and water pump; In the figure: 1. crawler-type walking chassis; 2. driving control position; 3. harvesting parts; 4. inclined conveying device; 5. threshing parts; 51. threshing device; 52. separation device; 53. cleaning device; 54. debris processing device; 55. seed remover; 56. grain elevator; 6. Engine; 7. Transmission system; 8. Hydraulic system; 9. Electrical system; 10. Hanging-type net bag grain storage components; 101. Grain storage platform; 102. Grain storage guardrail; 103. Grain storage net bag; 11. Hanging-type net bag grass storage components; 111. Grass storage platform; 112. Grass storage guardrail; 113. Grass storage net bag; 12. Straw guide components; 121. Primary grass chopping device; 122. Lower guide cylinder; 123. Fan; 124. Secondary grass chopping device; 125. Upper guide cylinder; 13. Silage agent adding components; 131. Silage agent adding platform; 132. Liquid cylinder; 133. Water pump; 134. Conduit; 135. Sprinkler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example: See Figure 1-Figure 2 In the embodiment of the present invention, a net bag lifting and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated combine harvester includes a harvester body composed of a crawler walking chassis 1, a driving control position 2, a harvesting component 3, an inclined conveying device 4, a threshing component 5, an engine 6, a transmission system 7, a hydraulic system 8, and an electrical system 9. The harvester body adopts the technology of the fully-fed crawler combine harvester widely used in the southern rice-growing areas, and applies some complete sets of mechanism components. It has a complete technical system and mature manufacturing process, is low in cost, has stable performance, and has guaranteed quality.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 In the embodiment of the invention, a net bag lifting and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device is provided with a lifting and unloading net bag grain storage component 10, a lifting and unloading net bag grass storage component 11, a straw guide component 12, and a silage agent adding component 13 on the harvester body. The rice-straw integrated harvesting is realized, and the rice straw is left from the field synchronously, and the rice straw does not fall to the ground, avoiding the secondary mechanical harvesting, picking up and baling, and transportation, or accompanying the truck to synchronously pick up the material, reducing the mechanical and labor costs of rice straw harvesting, and having higher efficiency and better quality.

[0024] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 In an embodiment of the present invention, a net bag hanging and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated combine harvester is provided. The grain storage box and grain unloading barrel of the original harvester are removed from the harvester body, and the reduced load is used for rice straw storage. The threshing component 5 is located in the middle part of the frame of the crawler walking chassis 1, and the left and right sides are designed as a grain storage platform 101 and a grass storage platform 111. Grain storage guardrails 102 and grass storage guardrails 112 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the grain storage platform 101 and the grass storage platform 111, which are used to place grain storage net bags 103 and grass storage net bags 113 respectively, ensuring the balance of the harvester body when the vehicle is empty during harvesting operation and when the grain and straw are harvested and stored.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 In the embodiment of the present invention, the threshing component 5 is connected to the harvesting component 3 by an inclined conveying device 4, and the whole rice plant harvested by the harvesting component 3 is transported to the threshing component 5 through the inclined conveying device 4. After the whole rice plant received by the threshing device 51, the separation device 52, the cleaning device 53, and the debris processing device 54 passes through the threshing device 51, the separation device 52, the cleaning device 53, and the debris processing device 54, the clean rice is transported to the grain storage net bag 103 by the grain elevator 56 for storage; the straw, ear head, husk, chaff, etc. are sent to the straw guide component 12 for processing by the straw remover 55. At this stage, the working principles and steps of rice harvesting, transportation, threshing, separation, cleaning, debris processing, transportation and storage of rice, and the work of the straw remover 55 are completely consistent with those of the original full-feed combine harvester, without additional mechanisms or additional power consumption.

[0026] See also Figure 3-Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the hanging and unloading net bag grain storage component 10 is composed of a grain storage platform 101, a grain storage guardrail 102, and a grain storage net bag 103. The grain storage platform 101 holds the grain storage net bag 103; the net bag is made of nylon mesh, the top is sewn, and a material guide port is provided on the side, which is sleeved on the outlet end of the grain elevator 56 of the threshing component 5 to collect and store rice. Two lifting rings are provided on the top. During the harvesting operation, the lifting rings are hung on the top of the outlet of the grain elevator 56 to stabilize the grain storage net bag 103. When the grain is fully stored and unloaded, the net bag is used for crane unloading. The bottom of the net bag is open. When collecting and storing materials, the bottom is tied tightly with a rope in the form of a buckle. When the net bag material is transported to the warehouse or workshop for unloading, the rope buckle is opened to complete the grain unloading. The grain storage net bag 103 can be used repeatedly; the grain storage guardrail 102 is arranged outside the grain storage platform 101, not exceeding the harvesting part 3, and is used to prevent the grain storage net bag 103 from expanding and stretching outward after storing grain, so as to prevent it from scratching the unharvested rice ears. After the grain storage net bag 103 is full of grain, the grain is unloaded by using a flatbed tractor to lift and unload the net bag, which greatly shortens the unloading time of the grain unloading barrel and avoids the waste caused by spilling when the grain is unloaded from the grain unloading barrel to the cargo box of the transport vehicle.

[0027] See also Figure 3-Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the hanging and unloading net bag grass storage component 11 is composed of a grass storage platform 111, a grass storage fence 112, and a grass storage net bag 113. Its structure, function and Figure 4 The hanging unloading type net bag grain storage component 10 is consistent with that used for collecting and storing rice straw.

[0028] See also Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 In the embodiment of the present invention, the straw guide component 12 is located at the rear end position inside the threshing component 5, corresponding to the output end position of the straw remover 55, and is composed of a preliminary grass chopping device 121, a lower guide cylinder 122, a fan 123, a secondary grass chopping device 124, and an upper guide cylinder 125. The whole rice plant entering the threshing component 5 is processed by the threshing device 51, the separation device 52, the cleaning device 53, and the residual processing device 54. The straw, ear head, husk, chaff, etc. are sent to the preliminary grass chopping device 121 by the straw remover 55 for preliminary crushing. The crushed slag enters the lower guide cylinder 122, and after being accelerated by the fan 123, enters the secondary grass-crushing device 124 for secondary crushing to form smaller slag. The crushed slag after secondary crushing passes through the upper guide cylinder 125 under the action of wind, and is finally thrown into the grass storage net bag 113 for storage. The straw guide component 12 is connected to the output end of the straw remover 55. Through the low-stubble harvesting of the harvesting component 3, the rice straw can be fully harvested, including the sword leaves, spikes, husks, and husks of rice with high business content and difficult to collect, so that the straw does not fall to the ground and should be collected. The rice straw is crushed twice, which reduces the process of transporting, loading, and crushing the rice straw again after leaving the field, greatly saving the processing cost of fresh rice straw silage.

[0029] See also Figure 8-Figure 11In the embodiment of the present invention, the silage agent adding component 13 is installed on the outer side of the rice straw guide barrel shell, and is composed of a silage agent adding platform 131, a liquid cylinder 132, a water pump 133, a conduit 134, and a nozzle 135. The silage agent adding platform 131 is composed of a steel plate and an angle steel bracket, which is welded to the shell of the straw guide component 12. The silage agent adding platform 131 is provided with a snap fastener for replacing and fixing the liquid cylinder 132. The cylinder body is made of PE material with a sealing cover for containing silage agent. A small hole is opened at the outlet of the upper guide cylinder 125, and the nozzle 135 is embedded in the small hole. The liquid cylinder 132 is connected through a conduit 134 and a water pump 133, and the silage agent is sprayed on the thrown rice straw. The silage agent is added while the rice straw is crushed and collected, and is evenly mixed. The water pump 133 is a movable electric pump with an electric wire switch. When replacing the liquid cylinder 132, it is removed from the cylinder and put back into the cylinder after replacement. The silage agent is replaced and used together with the liquid cylinder 132, which is simple to operate and avoids the trouble of filling the silage agent, can reduce the water loss of the rice straw, and play a role in preservation. At the same time, the closed environment can block the contamination of fresh rice straw by miscellaneous bacteria in the air, avoid aerobic fermentation and nutrient loss, and ensure the quality of fresh rice straw.

[0030] Working principle: the user moves the harvester body to the rice field through the crawler walking chassis 1, engine 6, transmission system 7, hydraulic system 8, and electrical system 9 on the driving control position 2; adjust the harvesting part 3 to harvest the whole rice plant at a low stubble; the harvested whole rice plant is transported to the threshing part 5 through the inclined conveying device 4; the threshing device 51, the separation device 52, the cleaning device 53, and the waste treatment device 54 thresh, separate, clean, and treat the received whole rice plant, and the clean rice is transported to the grain storage net bag 103 by the grain elevator 56 for storage; the straw, spike head, husk, chaff, etc. are sent to the straw guide part 12 for processing by the straw remover 55; the preliminary grass chopping device 121, the fan 123, and the secondary grass chopping device 124 in the straw guide part 12 crush the rice straw twice, and then throw it into the grass storage net bag 113 for collection and storage through the upper guide cylinder 125. At the same time, at the outlet of the upper material guide barrel 125, the silage agent is uniformly added to the rice straw residue moving at a high speed under the action of the airflow through the nozzle 135 of the silage agent adding component 13.

[0031] As the harvester body is operating in the field, when the material storage in the grain storage net bag 103 and the grass storage net bag 113 reaches the designed amount, the user stops the harvesting work of the harvesting component 3, moves the harvester body to the side of the field and park it beside the mechanized farming road, and unloads the grain storage net bag 103 and the grass storage net bag 113 onto the flatbed tractor by the crane on the flatbed tractor waiting. The user re-places the grain storage net bag 103 and the grass storage net bag 113, checks and replaces the liquid cylinder 132, and performs the next operation.

[0032] The user uses a flat tractor to transport the harvested and crushed fresh rice straw together with the grass storage net bag 113 to the workshop, lifts the grass storage net bag 113, opens the rope buckle tied at the bottom of the net bag, and unloads the crushed fresh rice straw with silage agent added into the silage processing equipment for silage treatment. The grass storage net bag 113 is recycled again after unloading the rice straw.

[0033] The present invention provides a net bag hanging and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device and a harvesting method, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Preparation: The user moves the harvester body to the rice field, places the grain storage net bag 103 and the grass storage net bag 113 on the grain storage platform 101 and the grass storage platform 111 respectively, and sets the net bag material guide openings on the outlet end of the grain elevator 56 of the threshing component 5 and the outlet of the upper material guide cylinder 125 respectively; installs and fixes the liquid cylinder 132 on the silage agent adding platform 131, and places the water pump 133 in the liquid cylinder 132; Step 2: harvesting rice, the user pre-adjusts the harvesting part 3 on the harvester body, and then moves the harvester body to the rice field to harvest the rice; Step 3: Rice processing: the whole rice harvested by the harvesting part 3 on the harvester body enters the threshing part 5 through the inclined conveying device 4, and is processed by the threshing device 51, the separation device 52, the cleaning device 53, and the residual processing device 54. The clean rice separated and cleaned is transported to the grain storage net bag 103 for storage through the grain elevator 56; Step 4: fresh rice straw processing: the whole rice plant entering the threshing unit 5 is processed by the threshing device 51, the separation device 52, the cleaning device 53, and the residual processing device 54, and the straw, ear head, husk, chaff, etc. are sent to the primary grass chopping device 121 by the straw remover 55 for primary crushing. The primary crushed residues enter the lower guide cylinder 122, and after being accelerated by the fan 123, they enter the secondary grass chopping device 124 for secondary crushing to form smaller residues. The secondary crushed residues pass through the upper guide cylinder 125 under the action of wind, and are finally thrown into the grass storage net bag 113 for storage; Step 5: Adding silage agent. After the user starts to harvest rice, the water pump 133 is turned on. The silage agent in the liquid cylinder 132 is sent to the nozzle 135 through the water pump 133 and sprayed to the outlet of the upper guide cylinder 125. Under the action of the airflow, the crushed fresh rice straw residue moves at a high speed, and the silage agent is evenly attached to it, thus completing the addition of the silage agent. Step 6: Unloading of grain and straw. After the grain storage net bag 103 and the straw storage net bag 113 are filled with materials, the user moves the harvester body to the side of the field and parks it beside the mechanized farming road. The user unloads the grain storage net bag 103 and the straw storage net bag 113 onto the flatbed tractor by the crane on the flatbed tractor. The user re-places the grain storage net bag 103 and the straw storage net bag 113, checks and replaces the liquid cylinder 132, and then performs the next operation.

[0034] The above are only specific implementation methods disclosed in the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A net bag hanging unloading rice-grain-straw integrated combine harvester, which adopts the mature technology of the full-feed combine harvester widely used in the southern rice-growing areas, and applies some complete sets of its mechanism components, including a harvester body composed of a crawler-type walking chassis (1), a driving control position (2), a harvesting component (3), an inclined conveying device (4), a threshing component (5): a threshing device (51), a separation device (52), a cleaning device (53), a waste processing device (54), a straw remover (55), a grain elevator (56), an engine (6), a transmission system (7), a hydraulic system (8), and an electrical system (9), characterized in that: The harvester body has a threshing component (5) disposed in the middle of a crawler-type walking chassis (1), and a dangling-type net bag grain storage component (10) is arranged on the right side thereof, comprising: a grain storage platform (101), a grain storage fence (102), and a grain storage net bag (103); a dangling-type net bag grass storage component (11) is arranged on the left side, comprising: a grass storage platform (111), a grass storage fence (112), and a grass storage net bag (113); a straw guide component (12) is arranged at the rear end of the threshing component (5), comprising: a primary grass chopping device (121), a lower guide cylinder (122), a fan (123), a secondary grass chopping device (124), and an upper guide cylinder (125); and a silage agent adding component (13) is arranged on the outside of a shell of the straw guide component (12), comprising: a silage agent adding platform (131), a liquid cylinder (132), a water pump (133), a guide tube (134), and a nozzle (135).

2. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threshing component (5) is located in the middle of the crawler-type walking chassis (1), and the right side thereof is a hanging-type net bag grain storage component (10), the outlet end of the grain elevator (56) is connected to the grain storage net bag (103), and the left side of the threshing component (5) is a hanging-type net bag grass storage component (11).

3. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The grain storage net bag (103) and the grass storage net bag (113) are made of nylon nets, and are provided with material guide ports on the top, which correspond to the outlet ends of the grain elevator (56) and the upper material guide cylinder (125) of the threshing component (5), respectively, and are used to collect and store rice and straw. Two lifting rings are provided on the top for lifting and unloading the net bags with a crane. The bottom of the net bag is open. When collecting and storing materials, the bottom is fastened with a rope in the form of a buckle. When the net bag materials are transported to a warehouse or workshop for unloading, the rope buckle is opened. A combine harvester is equipped with a plurality of spare grain storage net bags (103) and grass storage net bags (113) for rotational use.

4. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preliminary grass-chopping device (121) is installed at the output end of the straw remover (55), and is composed of a feed port, a movable blade group, a fixed blade group, and a discharge port, and receives the material delivered by the straw remover (55) for preliminary crushing.

5. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower material guide cylinder (122) is formed by welding steel plates and is connected to the discharge port of the preliminary grass-crushing device (121) to transport the preliminary crushed materials to the fan (123) by utilizing the flow rate.

6. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fan (123) and the secondary grass chopping device (124) are located at the connection between the lower material guide cylinder (122) and the upper material guide cylinder (125). The fan blades of the fan (123) rotate at high speed to accelerate the initially crushed materials and then transfer them to the secondary grass chopping device (124) for secondary crushing.

7. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper material guide cylinder (125) is made of welded steel plates and is connected to the discharge port of the secondary grass crushing device (124) to throw the secondary crushed material upwards into the grass storage net bag (113).

8. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silage agent adding component (13) is located outside the barrel shell of the straw guide component (12); the silage agent adding platform (131) is composed of a steel plate and an angle steel bracket and is welded to the barrel shell of the straw guide component (12); a snap-fit ​​clamp is provided on the silage agent adding platform (131) for replacing and fixing the liquid cylinder (132); the cylinder body is made of PE material and has a sealing cover for containing silage agent; the entire cylinder of silage agent can be replaced together with the cylinder body.

9. The net bag hanging and unloading rice-straw integrated harvesting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water pump (133), the conduit (134), and the nozzle (135) are used to add silage agent to the crushed fresh rice straw. A small hole is opened at the outlet of the upper material guide cylinder (125), and the nozzle (135) is embedded in the small hole. The liquid cylinder (132) is connected via the conduit (134) and the water pump (133) to spray the silage agent on the thrown rice straw. The water pump (133) is a movable electric pump with an electric wire switch. When replacing the liquid cylinder (132), it is removed from the cylinder and then put back into the cylinder after replacement.

10. A harvesting method of a net bag hanging and unloading rice-grain-straw integrated harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Preparation work, the user moves the harvester body to the rice field, places a grain storage net bag (103) and a grass storage net bag (113) on the net bag grain storage platform (101) and the grass storage platform (111), respectively, and covers the net bag material guide openings on the outlet end of the grain elevator (56) and the outlet end of the upper material guide cylinder (125) of the threshing component (5) respectively; installs and fixes the liquid cylinder (132) on the silage agent adding platform (131), and places the water pump (133) in the liquid cylinder (132); Step 2: harvesting rice, the user pre-adjusts the harvesting component (3) on the harvester body, and then moves the harvester body to the rice field to harvest the rice; Step 3: rice processing, the whole rice harvested by the harvesting part (3) on the harvester body enters the threshing part (5) through the inclined conveying device (4), and is processed by the threshing device (51), the separation device (52), the cleaning device (53), and the waste processing device (54). The clean rice that has been separated and cleaned is transported to the grain storage net bag (103) for storage through the grain elevator (56); Step 4: fresh rice straw processing: the whole rice plant entering the threshing component (5) is processed by the threshing device (51), the separation device (52), the cleaning device (53), and the residual processing device (54), and the straw, ear head, husk, chaff, etc. are sent to the primary grass chopping device (121) by the straw remover (55) for primary crushing. The primary crushed residue enters the lower guide cylinder (122), is accelerated by the fan (123), and enters the secondary grass chopping device (124) for secondary crushing to form smaller residues. The secondary crushed residue passes through the upper guide cylinder (125) under the action of wind, and is then thrown into the grass storage net bag (113) for storage; Step 5: adding silage agent. After the user starts harvesting rice, the water pump (133) is turned on. The silage agent in the liquid cylinder (132) is sent to the nozzle (135) through the water pump (133) and sprayed onto the outlet of the upper guide cylinder (125). Under the action of the airflow, the crushed fresh rice straw residue moves at a high speed, and the silage agent is evenly attached to it. The addition of the silage agent is completed. Step 6: unloading of grain and straw. After the grain storage net bag (103) and the straw storage net bag (113) are filled with materials, the user moves the harvester body to a place beside the mechanized farming road at the edge of the field, and uses the crane on the flatbed tractor to unload the grain storage net bag (103) and the straw storage net bag (113) onto the flatbed tractor. After the unloading is completed, the user replaces the grain storage net bag (103) and the straw storage net bag (113), checks and replaces the liquid cylinder (132), and then proceeds to the next operation.

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