Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy and preparation method thereof
By optimizing the elemental composition and preparation process of Nb-W-Mo-Zr niobium alloy, the problem of insufficient tensile strength in high temperature environments is solved, and the high tensile strength of the alloy is achieved at 1550℃-1650℃ and good room temperature plasticity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411547054.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-01
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-11
AI Technical Summary
The tensile strength of the existing niobium alloy exceeds 1600°C is less than 100MPa, and the strength drops to less than 50MPa at 1800°C, making it difficult to meet the strength requirements in high temperature environments.
A Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy was designed, and the elemental components were optimized (Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, x=9.5~10.5%, y=1.7~2.3%, z=0.8~1.2%) and preparation processes, including high-purity raw material ingredients, arc smelting, multiple smelting elimination of component segregation, tungsten wire furnace annealing and multi-pass temperature rolling, to prepare alloys with high-temperature strength and good room temperature plasticity.
The tensile strength of the alloy at 1550℃-1650℃ is achieved to reach 188MPa, and the room temperature tensile yield strength and elongation are maintained, meeting the strength requirements in ultra-high temperature environments.
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Figure CN119410987A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of alloy design, and in particular to a composition design and a preparation method of a heat-resistant niobium alloy. Technical Background
[0002] With the continuous progress of aerospace technology, the performance requirements for aerospace materials are increasing. Among the high-temperature alloy materials developed by many countries, niobium series alloys occupy an important position in the field of aerospace materials due to their excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, processability, low density and cost-effectiveness. The C103 niobium alloy developed by a certain country in 1965 can maintain a tensile strength of 42MPa at a long-term use temperature of 1400℃ or even under short-term use conditions of 1500℃. This performance far exceeds any iron-based or nickel-based alloy and is widely used in heat-resistant structures of spacecraft, such as radiation cooling rails of satellites and spacecrafts, and wall materials of attitude control thrust chambers.
[0003] Since then, my country has developed niobium tungsten alloy (i.e. Nb521) based on a certain country's 5ΒMЦ niobium alloy (Nb-5W-2Mo-1Zr). Compared with the previous generation of materials, Nb521 alloy has greatly improved in terms of operating temperature, high-temperature mechanical properties and processing technology, further expanding the application range of niobium alloys. However, it is also noted that although Nb521 has relatively excellent mechanical properties, its tensile strength is less than 100MPa at temperatures above 1600℃, and its strength drops to less than 50MPa at 1800℃. We need to further adjust and optimize the alloy composition and the preparation process to regulate the microstructure in order to obtain a heat-resistant niobium alloy with higher high-temperature strength and good room-temperature plasticity. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention designs and develops a Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy, which enables the alloy to achieve higher high-temperature strength.
[0005] A Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy, characterized in that it comprises Nb, W, Mo and Zr elements, wherein the mass percentage of each element is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.5-10.5%, y=1.7-2.3%, z=0.8-1.2%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities.
[0006] Preferably, the mass percentage of each element is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.8-10.2%, y=1.8-2.2%, z=0.8-1.2%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities.
[0007] It may also be preferred that the mass percentage of the elements is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.9-10.1%, y=1.9-2.1%, z=0.9-1.1%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities.
[0008] The method for preparing the Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy by using the mass percentage of each element of the above-mentioned Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
[0009] Step 1: using high-purity component raw materials, preparing ingredients according to the mass percentage ratio and mass percentage of each element of a Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy, and mixing them evenly;
[0010] Step 2: Clean the surface of the water-cooled copper crucible with anhydrous ethanol before formally preparing the sample;
[0011] Step 3: Place the prepared sample raw materials and high-purity titanium blocks in different copper crucibles respectively; before formally smelting the niobium alloy sample, first smelt the titanium block with a smelting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body.
[0012] Step 4: Then, the prepared ingredients in step 1 are placed in a water-cooled copper crucible in an arc melting furnace; the alloy with the prepared ingredients is melted at least 6 times; wherein, the maximum melting current is 550A, and the component segregation of the alloy is eliminated through multiple melting, and the melting time of one sample is 15-20min; button-shaped alloy ingots are finally obtained by repeated melting, and the mass loss of each alloy during the preparation process does not exceed 0.1%;
[0013] Step 5: Use a tungsten wire furnace to perform homogenization annealing on the smelted sample alloy ingot at a temperature of 1550°C-1650°C for 4 hours;
[0014] Step 6: Then, a rolling mill is used to perform multiple passes of unidirectional warm rolling. The sample is heated to 300°C-360°C by a muffle furnace. The single pressing amount is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the total rolling pressing amount is 80-90%;
[0015] Step seven: After recrystallization annealing treatment at 1350°C-1450°C for 1h, the final sample is obtained.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] 1. The method of the present invention adopts arc melting, and the equipment operation is simple, safe and reliable. The alloy composition is further optimized on the basis of Nb521 alloy, and the high temperature strength of Nb-W alloy is further improved by increasing the content of W element and solid solution strengthening, while also ensuring good room temperature plasticity of Nb-W alloy.
[0018] 2. Through alloy design, the content ratio of the alloy components is reasonable, so that the heat-resistant niobium alloy has high tensile strength and good room temperature plasticity. The prepared alloy plate has a room temperature tensile yield strength of 428MPa, a tensile strength of 540MPa, and an elongation of 30.8%.
[0019] 3. By utilizing the high melting point of W, the heat resistance temperature of niobium alloy is effectively improved, while the room temperature and high temperature strength of the alloy is also improved. The strength of niobium alloy reaches 188MPa at 1550℃-1650℃, which is expected to provide new material options for equipment serving in ultra-high temperature extreme environments, and has great application potential in important high-temperature components in the aerospace industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 , is a comparison diagram of room temperature mechanical property curves of the present invention and the second generation niobium tungsten alloy (Nb521);
[0021] Figure 2 , is a comparison chart of the mechanical property curves of the present invention and the second generation niobium tungsten alloy (Nb521) at 1550℃-1650℃. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The idea of the present invention to realize the above technical solution is that tungsten (W) as an important solid solution strengthening element plays a significant role in high temperature alloys. At high temperatures, the doping of W atoms can significantly improve the strength and hardness of the alloy, and this effect is called solid solution strengthening. The W atom has a large radius, and solid solution in the alloy matrix will cause lattice distortion. Moreover, the diffusion ability of W atoms is weak at high temperatures, and it is easy to form a large long-range stress field in the BCC matrix of Nb, effectively preventing dislocation movement, thereby improving the high temperature strength of niobium alloys.
[0023] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0024] A heat-resistant niobium alloy was designed and prepared, comprising Nb, W, Mo and Zr elements, wherein the mass percentage (wt.%) of each element is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.5-10.5%, y=1.7-2.3%, z=0.8-1.2%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities; the tensile strength thereof at 1550°C-1650°C reaches 188MPa, and the elongation at room temperature exceeds 30%.
[0025] The preparation method of the present invention is as follows: first, high-purity component raw materials are used to prepare the ingredients according to mass percentage (wt.%); the prepared pure metal material is placed in a water-cooled copper crucible of an arc melting furnace, and then a non-consumable arc melting method is used to melt the material under an argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1450℃ / 1h. The prepared alloy plate has a room temperature tensile yield strength of 428 MPa, a tensile strength of 540 MPa, and an elongation of 30.8%. The tensile strength at 1550°C-1650°C is as high as 188 MPa.
[0026] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the technical solution.
[0027] Embodiment 1:
[0028] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 87:10:2:1 to prepare a niobium alloy raw material;
[0029] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under the argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block is melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber, and at the same time, it can also serve to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component is melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy is eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time does not exceed 1 minute to prevent overheating of the furnace body from causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtains a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation process of each alloy does not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace is used to perform homogenization annealing on the alloy ingot at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill is used to perform multiple passes of unidirectional warm rolling (the sample is heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace), with a single pressing amount of 0.1-0.3mm and a total rolling pressing amount of 80-90%; finally, the final sample is obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0030] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 .
[0031] Figure 1 It reflects the tensile properties curve of the material under room temperature conditions. Figure 1 It can be seen that the yield strength of Nb-10W-2Mo-1Zr alloy is 428MPa, the tensile strength is 540MPa, and the room temperature elongation is 30.8%. The room temperature mechanical properties are higher than those of the second-generation niobium tungsten alloy (Nb521).
[0032] Figure 2 It reflects the tensile performance curve of the material at 1550℃-1650℃. Figure 2 It can be seen that the tensile strength of Nb-10W-2Mo-1Zr alloy at 1550℃-1650℃ is 188MPa, and its high temperature strength is better than that of the second generation niobium tungsten alloy (Nb521).
[0033] Embodiment 2:
[0034] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 87.5:9.5:2:1 to prepare a niobium alloy raw material;
[0035] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging the material, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0036] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 .
[0037] Embodiment 3:
[0038] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 87.7:9.5:2:0.8 to form a niobium alloy raw material;
[0039] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging the material, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0040] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 .
[0041] Embodiment 4:
[0042] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 87.3:9.5:2:1.2 to form a niobium alloy raw material;
[0043] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging the material, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0044] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 .
[0045] Embodiment 5:
[0046] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 86.8:10.5:1.7:1 to prepare a niobium alloy raw material;
[0047] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging the material, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0048] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 .
[0049] Embodiment 6:
[0050] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 86.5:10.5:2:1 to prepare a niobium alloy raw material;
[0051] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging the material, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0052] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 .
[0053] Embodiment 7:
[0054] Step 1: uniformly mix Nb particles with a purity greater than 99.95%, W powder (1-3 μm), Mo particles, and Zr particles in a mass ratio of 86.2:10.5:2.3:1 to form a niobium alloy raw material;
[0055] Step 2: Use an arc melting furnace for melting, turn on the cooling water, open the vent valve to open the vacuum arc melting chamber, clean the furnace and copper crucible before discharging the material, put the prepared pure metal material into the water-cooled copper crucible of the arc melting furnace, and then use the non-consumable arc melting method to melt under argon protection atmosphere. Before formally preparing the sample, the high-purity titanium block was melted with a melting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Then, the alloy of each component was melted at least 6 times with a current not exceeding 550A. The component segregation of the alloy was eliminated through multiple melting. The single melting time did not exceed 1min to prevent the furnace body from overheating and causing aging of the sealing ring. Repeated melting finally obtained a button-shaped alloy ingot. The mass loss during the preparation of each alloy did not exceed 0.1%; secondly, a tungsten wire furnace was used to homogenize the alloy ingot for annealing at 1550℃-1650℃ / 4h, and then a rolling mill was used for multiple unidirectional warm rolling (the sample was heated to 300-360℃ through a muffle furnace). The single pressing amount was 0.1-0.3mm, and the total rolling pressing amount was 80-90%; finally, the final sample was obtained after recrystallization annealing at 1350℃-1450℃ / 1h.
[0056] Step 3: Use fast wire cutting to process the tensile specimens required for room temperature and high temperature tests on the plate sample. Use Instron-5969 electronic universal material testing machine to test the tensile properties of the material at room temperature, with a strain rate of 3×10 -3 S -1 ;Use UZDL-50 testing machine to test the high temperature tensile properties of the material, the strain rate is 10 -3 S -1 The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy, characterized in that: It includes Nb, W, Mo, and Zr elements, and the mass percentage of each element is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.5-10.5%, y=1.7-2.3%, z=0.8-1.2%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities.
2. The Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage of each element is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.8-10.2%, y=1.8-2.2%, z=0.8-1.2%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities.
3. A Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mass percentage of each element is expressed as: Nb-xW-yMo-zZr, wherein x=9.9-10.1%, y=1.9-2.1%, z=0.9-1.1%, and the remainder is Nb and unavoidable impurities.
4. A method for preparing a Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy by using the mass percentage of each element in the Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: using high-purity component raw materials, preparing ingredients according to the mass percentage ratio and mass percentage of each element of a Nb-W-Mo-Zr heat-resistant niobium alloy, and mixing them evenly; Step 2: Clean the surface of the water-cooled copper crucible with anhydrous ethanol before formally preparing the sample; Step 3: Place the prepared sample raw materials and high-purity titanium blocks in different copper crucibles respectively; before formally smelting the niobium alloy sample, first smelt the titanium block with a smelting current of 300A to absorb the residual oxygen in the furnace chamber and to check the sealing of the furnace body. Step 4: Then, the prepared ingredients in step 1 are placed in a water-cooled copper crucible in an arc melting furnace; the alloy with the prepared ingredients is melted at least 6 times; wherein, the maximum melting current is 550A, and the component segregation of the alloy is eliminated through multiple melting, and the melting time of one sample is 15-20min; button-shaped alloy ingots are finally obtained by repeated melting, and the mass loss of each alloy during the preparation process does not exceed 0.1%; Step 5: Use a tungsten wire furnace to perform homogenization annealing on the smelted sample alloy ingot at a temperature of 1550°C-1650°C for 4 hours; Step 6: Then, a rolling mill is used to perform multiple passes of unidirectional warm rolling. The sample is heated to 300°C-360°C by a muffle furnace. The single pressing amount is 0.1-0.3 mm, and the total rolling pressing amount is 80-90%; Step seven: After recrystallization annealing treatment at 1350°C-1450°C for 1h, the final sample is obtained.