Organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumbers and preparation method thereof
The organic fertilizer is prepared through the fermentation process of composite fermentation bacteria liquid and polyethylene terephthalate/complex fermentation bacteria composite membrane, which solves the problem of poor growth of cucumber under adverse conditions, improves the stress resistance and stable yield of cucumber sex.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411625592.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-14
AI Technical Summary
During the growth process, cucumbers are easily affected by adversity factors such as temperature, moisture, salinization, etc., resulting in poor growth and development, reduced yield and quality. Existing chemical fertilizers cannot fundamentally improve cucumber's stress resistance.
Using the fermentation process of composite fermentation bacteria liquid and polyethylene terephthalate/compound fermentation bacteria composite membrane, straw, livestock manure and kitchen waste are cocomposted to prepare organic fertilizer with high ripening and rich nutrition. .
It improves the resistance of cucumbers to adversity conditions such as temperature, moisture, salinization, etc., reduces the negative impact of adversity on cucumber growth and development, and ensures the stability of cucumber yield and quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN119431073A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular to an organic fertilizer capable of improving the stress resistance of cucumber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Cucumber is one of the most important vegetable crops that is widely grown around the world and occupies a prominent position in the vegetable supply. Its planting area is increasing year by year, and there are a large number of examples of planting, both in greenhouses and in open-air cultivation. This is because cucumber has rich nutritional value, is deeply loved by consumers, and can bring considerable benefits to growers in the agricultural economy.
[0003] However, cucumbers are often affected by a variety of adverse factors during their growth. For example, in terms of temperature, high temperatures may lead to increased respiration and inhibited photosynthesis of cucumber plants, resulting in poor plant growth and development and reduced fruit quality; low temperatures will cause chilling damage to cucumbers, affecting the fluidity of cell membranes and the activity of enzymes, hindering their normal physiological metabolism. In terms of water, drought stress will cause the stomata of cucumber leaves to close and photosynthesis to decrease, and in severe cases even cause the plants to wilt; while excessive water (such as floods) will cause root hypoxia and root rot. In addition, cucumbers are also susceptible to soil salinization. Excessive salt concentrations will interfere with their absorption of water and nutrients, causing ion toxicity and osmotic stress. These stress resistance problems have seriously restricted the yield and quality of cucumbers, causing huge losses to the cucumber planting industry.
[0004] At present, chemical fertilizers are widely used in cucumber cultivation. Although chemical fertilizers can provide the necessary nutrients for cucumbers to a certain extent, long-term and large-scale use will bring many problems. On the one hand, chemical fertilizers can easily cause soil compaction, reduce soil aeration and water retention, and further increase the degree of damage to cucumbers under adverse conditions such as drought or floods. On the other hand, chemical fertilizers cannot fundamentally improve the cucumber's own resistance to stress, but simply supplement nutrients, which is not effective for cucumbers in coping with non-nutritional stresses such as temperature and salinity.
[0005] Therefore, we proposed an organic fertilizer that can improve the stress resistance of cucumbers and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer can effectively enhance the resistance of cucumbers to various adverse conditions such as temperature, moisture, and soil salinization, reduce the negative impact of adversity on the growth and development of cucumbers, and ensure the stability of cucumber yield and quality. Summary of the invention
[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumber and a preparation method thereof.
[0007] A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumbers comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of composite fermentation broth A composite fermentation liquid is prepared by using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in a weight ratio of 1:2-3:2-3; S2: Preparation of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane The polyethylene terephthalate membrane is modified with dopamine and then loaded with a composite fermentation bacteria solution to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane; S3: Preparation of compost additives Dissolving humic acid, seaweed extract, amino acids, trace element mixture, and plant cellulose in water to prepare an additive mixture; S4: Building a pile for fermentation of organic fertilizer The straw, cow dung, chicken manure and kitchen waste are mixed, urea is added to adjust the C / N to 20-40, and then the composite fermentation bacteria solution is evenly added to prepare the raw materials. The raw materials are evenly and naturally shaken off on the top of the pipeline by a loader to form a primary pile type. When the compost is gradually heated to 65-67°C, it is coated with a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film, and then fermented. After fermentation for 10-15 days, the additive mixture is added to continue fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer.
[0008] Furthermore, the preparation of the composite fermentation broth in step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: S1.1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and activated and cultured at 37-38° C. for 24-25 hours to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid and Bacillus licheniformis liquid; S1.2: Use a pipette to take each bacterial solution and inoculate it into LB liquid culture medium at a rate of 3-4%. Cultivate at a constant temperature of 37-38°C and 200-300r / min for 20-24h until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 1×108-2×108CFU / mL. Mix the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, Bacillus subtilis solution and Bacillus licheniformis solution to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial solution.
[0009] Furthermore, in step S1.2, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, the Bacillus subtilis solution and the Bacillus licheniformis solution are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2-3:2-3.
[0010] Furthermore, step S2 of preparing the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane specifically comprises the following steps: S2.1: dissolving 0.01-0.02 parts by weight of dopamine in 3-5 parts by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride) solution, stirring and mixing to obtain a dopamine solution, soaking a polyethylene terephthalate film in the dopamine solution, and placing the film in a shaker to react at a shaking frequency of 15-18 times / min and a soaking time of 16-20 hours to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine film; S2.2: Rinse the polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane with flowing deionized water for 2-3 times, immerse the rinsed polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane in a composite fermentation bacterial solution, and react at a shaking frequency of 13-15 times / min and a soaking time of 10-12h to obtain a composite membrane; S2.3: Rinse the composite membrane with deionized water for 2-3 times, and then place it in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying at a temperature of 35-37° C. After drying, a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane is obtained.
[0011] Furthermore, the preparation of the compost additive in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3.1: Prepare additives: 25-30kg humic acid, 20-25kg seaweed extract, 15-20kg amino acid, 8-10kg trace element mixture, 15-20kg plant cellulose; S3.2: Dissolve the above additives in 100-200 L of deionized water, and stir and mix at 300-500 r / min for 1-2 h to obtain an additive mixture.
[0012] Furthermore, in step S3.1, the trace element mixture is specifically composed of a zinc source compound, a boron source compound, a manganese source compound, an iron source compound, a copper source compound and a molybdenum source compound in a ratio of 1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2.
[0013] Further, step S4 builds a pile to ferment organic fertilizer, specifically comprising the following steps: S4.1: Pile the raw materials with a total mass of 20-30t into long strips, using straw, cow dung, chicken dung and kitchen waste as raw materials, and add urea to adjust the C / N ratio to 20-40, then evenly add 30-40kg of composite fermentation liquid, and then use a turner to mix the pre-laid strips and the composite fermentation liquid evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 50-60% to obtain the raw materials; S4.2: Lay perforated air ducts and make sure the exhaust holes of the air ducts are unobstructed. 3-5 cm thick breathable materials should be evenly laid on the surface of the air ducts. Use a loader to evenly and naturally shake the raw materials onto the top of the pipes to form a primary pile. Connect the air ducts to the fans and ensure that the fans run at 40-50 Hz to obtain compost. S4.3: Adjust the fan control frequency. When the compost gradually heats up to 65-67℃, coat the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film. After coating, compact the membrane skirt with a pressure pipe to form an air chamber during aeration of the compost. Drain the compost during fermentation and control the fermentation temperature. Then add the additive mixture to the compost and continue fermenting at 35-40℃ until the moisture content reaches 20-30%. Fermentation is completed to obtain fermented organic fertilizer.
[0014] Furthermore, in step S4.1, the raw material ratio is straw: cow dung: chicken dung: kitchen waste = 10-9: 3-2: 2-1: 2-1.
[0015] Furthermore, in step S4.3, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 65-67°C for 5-7 days, and then fermented at 35-40°C for 5-8 days.
[0016] An organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumbers is prepared by any of the above-mentioned methods for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumbers.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts the fermentation process of "composite fermentation bacteria liquid + polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film", and adopts the fermentation process of "composite fermentation bacteria liquid + polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film" to co-compost straw, animal manure and kitchen waste. The nutritional index of the final compost product meets the state-owned industry standard of "Organic Fertilizer" (NY / T525-2021). At the same time, the maturity of the organic fertilizer is also higher. After aerobic fermentation by the "composite fermentation bacteria liquid + polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film" process, the total phosphorus and available phosphorus contents are significantly increased. Adequate phosphorus can promote the growth and development of the root system, making the cucumber root system more developed. Therefore, the prepared organic fertilizer can improve the stress resistance of cucumber itself, reduce the negative impact of adversity on the growth and development of cucumber, and ensure the stable yield and quality of cucumber.
[0018] 2. The present invention first modifies the polyethylene terephthalate film with dopamine, and then loads the composite fermentation bacteria to prepare the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film. The polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film is used in the fermentation process. The polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film has the functions of air permeability, moisture permeability and heat preservation, which can ensure the normal volatilization of water vapor in the pile body and maintain humidity and temperature. The presence of composite fermentation bacteria can provide more initial strains for compost fermentation and increase the number of microorganisms. Compared with simple polyethylene terephthalate, Ester film, at the beginning of composting, these additional bacteria can adapt to the environment more quickly and begin to decompose organic matter, thereby shortening the start-up time of composting fermentation, allowing the compost to enter the high-temperature fermentation period more quickly, promoting compost maturity, and improving the quality of organic fertilizer. The fermentation bacteria in the composite film can use some harmful gases as nutrients for metabolism, thereby reducing the emission of harmful gases. In addition, the combination of polyethylene terephthalate film and fermentation bacteria can form a composite structure, which has a stronger barrier and adsorption capacity for harmful gases, can effectively control the escape of harmful gases, and reduce pollution to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and to enable those skilled in the relevant art to make and use the invention.
[0020] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumbers adopted in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following is a detailed description of a method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for a more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.
[0022] Example 1 A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Preparation of composite fermentation broth S1.1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and activated and cultured at 37°C for 24 hours to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid and Bacillus licheniformis liquid; S1.2: Use a pipette to take each bacterial solution and inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a 3% inoculum volume. Cultivate at 37°C and 200 r / min for 20 h until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 1×10 8 CFU / mL, a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, a Bacillus subtilis solution and a Bacillus licheniformis solution were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a composite fermentation solution; S2: Preparation of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane S2.1: 0.01 parts by weight of dopamine is dissolved in 3 parts by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride) solution, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a dopamine solution. A polyethylene terephthalate film is immersed in the dopamine solution and placed in a shaker to react at a shaking frequency of 15 times / min and an immersion time of 16 hours to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine film; S2.2: Rinse the polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane with flowing deionized water for 2 times, immerse the rinsed polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane in a composite fermentation bacterial solution, and react at a shaking frequency of 13 times / min and an immersion time of 10 h to obtain a composite membrane; S2.3: The composite membrane is rinsed with deionized water twice, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying at a temperature of 35° C. After drying, a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane is obtained; S3: Preparation of compost additives S3.1: Prepare additives: 25kg humic acid, 20kg seaweed extract, 15kg amino acid, 8kg trace element mixture, 15kg plant cellulose; S3.2: Dissolve the above additives in 100 L of deionized water, and stir and mix at 300 r / min for 1 h to obtain an additive mixture; The trace element mixture is specifically composed of a zinc source compound, a boron source compound, a manganese source compound, an iron source compound, a copper source compound and a molybdenum source compound in a ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1; The zinc source compound is chelated zinc, the boron source compound is boric acid, the manganese source compound is manganese sulfate, the iron source compound is ferrous sulfate, the copper source compound is copper sulfate, and the molybdenum source compound is ammonium molybdate; S4: Building a pile for fermentation of organic fertilizer S4.1: Pile the raw materials with a total mass of 20t into long strips, with the raw material ratio of straw: cow dung: chicken dung: kitchen waste = 10:3:2:2, and add urea to adjust the C / N to 20, then evenly add 30kg of composite fermentation liquid, and then use a turner to mix the pre-laid strips and the composite fermentation liquid evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 50% to obtain the raw material; S4.2: Lay perforated air ducts and make sure the exhaust holes of the air ducts are unobstructed. A 3cm thick breathable material should be evenly laid on the surface of the air ducts. Use a loader to evenly and naturally shake the raw materials onto the top of the pipes to form a primary pile. Connect the air ducts to the fan and ensure that the fan runs at 40Hz to obtain compost. S4.3: Adjust the fan control frequency. When the compost gradually heats up to 65°C, coat the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film. After coating, compact the membrane skirt with a pressure pipe to form an air chamber during aeration of the compost. Drain the compost during fermentation and control the fermentation temperature at 65°C for 5 days. Then, ferment at 35°C for 5 days. Add the additive mixture to the compost and continue fermenting at 35°C until the moisture content reaches 20%. Fermentation is completed to obtain fermented organic fertilizer.
[0023] Example 2 A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Preparation of composite fermentation broth S1.1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and activated and cultured at 37°C for 24 hours to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid and Bacillus licheniformis liquid; S1.2: Use a pipette to take each bacterial solution and inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a 3% inoculum volume. Cultivate at 37°C and 200 r / min for 20 h until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 2×10 8 CFU / mL, a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, a Bacillus subtilis solution and a Bacillus licheniformis solution were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:3:3 to obtain a composite fermentation solution; S2: Preparation of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane S2.1: 0.02 parts by weight of dopamine is dissolved in 5 parts by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride) solution, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a dopamine solution. A polyethylene terephthalate film is immersed in the dopamine solution and placed in a shaker to react at a shaking frequency of 15 times / min and an immersion time of 16 hours to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine film; S2.2: Rinse the polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane with flowing deionized water for 2 times, immerse the rinsed polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane in a composite fermentation bacterial solution, and react at a shaking frequency of 13 times / min and an immersion time of 10 h to obtain a composite membrane; S2.3: The composite membrane is rinsed with deionized water twice, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying at a temperature of 35° C. After drying, a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane is obtained; S3: Preparation of compost additives S3.1: Prepare additives: 30kg humic acid, 25kg seaweed extract, 20kg amino acid, 10kg trace element mixture, 20kg plant cellulose; S3.2: Dissolve the above additives in 200 L of deionized water, and stir and mix at 300 r / min for 1 h to obtain an additive mixture; The trace element mixture is specifically composed of a zinc source compound, a boron source compound, a manganese source compound, an iron source compound, a copper source compound and a molybdenum source compound in a ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1; The zinc source compound is zinc sulfate, the boron source compound is borax, the manganese source compound is manganese sulfate, the iron source compound is chelated iron, the copper source compound is chelated copper, and the molybdenum source compound is ammonium molybdate; S4: Building a pile for fermentation of organic fertilizer S4.1: Pile the raw materials with a total mass of 30t into long strips, with the raw material ratio of straw: cow dung: chicken dung: kitchen waste = 9:2:1:1, and add urea to adjust the C / N to 40, then evenly add 40kg of composite fermentation liquid, and then use a turner to evenly mix the pre-laid strips and the composite fermentation liquid, and adjust the moisture content to 60% to obtain the raw material; S4.2: Lay perforated air ducts and make sure the exhaust holes of the air ducts are unobstructed. A 3cm thick breathable material should be evenly laid on the surface of the air ducts. Use a loader to evenly and naturally shake the raw materials onto the top of the pipes to form a primary pile. Connect the air ducts to the fan and ensure that the fan runs at 40Hz to obtain compost. S4.3: Adjust the fan control frequency. When the compost gradually heats up to 65°C, coat the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film. After coating, compact the membrane skirt with a pressure pipe to form an air chamber during aeration of the compost. Drain the compost during the fermentation process and control the fermentation temperature at 65°C for 5 days. Then, ferment at 35°C for 5 days. Then, add the additive mixture to the compost and continue fermenting at 35°C until the moisture content reaches 30%. Fermentation is completed to obtain fermented organic fertilizer.
[0024] Example 3 A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1: Preparation of composite fermentation broth S1.1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and activated and cultured at 38°C for 25 hours to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid and Bacillus licheniformis liquid; S1.2: Use a pipette to take each bacterial solution and inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a 3% inoculum volume. Cultivate at 300 rpm at 38°C for 24 h until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 1×10 8 CFU / mL, a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, a Bacillus subtilis solution and a Bacillus licheniformis solution were mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a composite fermentation solution; S2: Preparation of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane S2.1: 0.01 parts by weight of dopamine is dissolved in 3 parts by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride) solution, and the mixture is stirred to obtain a dopamine solution. A polyethylene terephthalate film is immersed in the dopamine solution and placed in a shaker to react at a shaking frequency of 18 times / min and an immersion time of 20 hours to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine film; S2.2: The polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane was rinsed with flowing deionized water for 3 times, and the rinsed polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane was immersed in the composite fermentation bacterial solution, and reacted at a shaking frequency of 15 times / min and an immersion time of 12 hours to obtain a composite membrane; S2.3: The composite membrane is rinsed with deionized water for three times, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying at a temperature of 37° C. After drying, a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane is obtained; S3: Preparation of compost additives S3.1: Prepare additives: 25kg humic acid, 20kg seaweed extract, 15kg amino acid, 8kg trace element mixture, 15kg plant cellulose; S3.2: Dissolve the above additives in 100 L of deionized water, and stir and mix at 500 r / min for 2 h to obtain an additive mixture; The trace element mixture is specifically composed of a zinc source compound, a boron source compound, a manganese source compound, an iron source compound, a copper source compound and a molybdenum source compound in a ratio of 2:2:2:1:1:1; The zinc source compound is zinc chloride, the boron source compound is boric acid, the manganese source compound is manganese sulfate, the iron source compound is chelated iron, the copper source compound is chelated copper, and the molybdenum source compound is ammonium molybdate; S4: Building a pile for fermentation of organic fertilizer S4.1: Pile the raw materials with a total mass of 20t into long strips, with the raw material ratio of straw: cow dung: chicken dung: kitchen waste = 10:3:2:2, and add urea to adjust the C / N to 20, then evenly add 30kg of composite fermentation liquid, and then use a turner to mix the pre-laid strips and the composite fermentation liquid evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 50% to obtain the raw material; S4.2: Lay perforated air ducts and make sure the exhaust holes of the air ducts are unobstructed. A 5 cm thick breathable material should be evenly laid on the surface of the air ducts. Use a loader to evenly and naturally shake the raw materials onto the top of the pipes to form a primary pile. Connect the air ducts to the fan and ensure that the fan runs at 50 Hz to obtain compost. S4.3: Adjust the fan control frequency. When the compost gradually heats up to 67°C, coat the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film. After coating, compact the membrane skirt with a pressure pipe to form an air chamber during aeration of the compost. Drain the compost during fermentation and control the fermentation temperature at 67°C for 7 days, then at 40°C for 8 days. Then add the additive mixture to the compost and continue fermenting at 40°C until the moisture content reaches 20%. Fermentation is completed to obtain fermented organic fertilizer.
[0025] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 1 is that, in Comparative Example 1, when the temperature of the compost is gradually increased to 65° C., the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film is coated, and after coating, the membrane skirt is compacted with a pressing pipe to form a gas chamber during aeration of the compost. The remaining steps remain unchanged to prepare organic fertilizer, which is recorded as Comparative Example 1.
[0026] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the difference of Comparative Example 2 is that Comparative Example 2 removes step S2, replaces the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane in step S4.3 with a polyethylene terephthalate membrane, and prepares organic fertilizer without changing the other steps, which is recorded as Comparative Example 2.
[0027] 500 cucumber seedlings were used as the experimental group, which were specifically divided into Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, and 100 cucumber seedlings were used as the control group: 20 cucumber seedlings in each group were cultured in a low temperature environment, 20 cucumber seedlings were cultured in a high temperature environment, 20 cucumber seedlings were cultured in arid soil, 20 cucumber seedlings were cultured in moist soil, and 20 cucumber seedlings were cultured in salinized soil; the experimental group used 40 kg of organic fertilizer prepared by Examples 1-3 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-2, and fertilized evenly near the roots of the cucumber seedlings in the experimental group three times, at the initial stage of cucumber cultivation, the climbing stage of cucumber stems, and the initial stage of flowering, respectively, and the control group was treated with conventional chemical fertilizers; during the flowering period of cucumbers, the flowering and fruiting of cucumbers in the experimental group and the control group as well as the cucumber fruit conditions were observed throughout the process and recorded, as shown in Table 1.
[0028] Table 1. Flowering and fruiting of cucumbers in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, as well as cucumber fruiting conditions Cucumber flower fruit setting rate (%) Final cucumber maturity rate (%) Fruit size Example 1 72 69 Too big Example 2 71 68 Too big Example 3 71 68 Too big Comparative Example 1 63 59 Small size Comparative Example 2 66 61 Medium size, some are slightly larger Control group 59 52 Small size It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the organic fertilizer prepared in the embodiment has the effect of promoting cucumber flowering and fruiting and promoting the growth of cucumber fruit, and can promote the efficient cultivation of cucumber. It can be seen from the data of Comparative Examples 1-2 that the organic fertilizer prepared by the fermentation process of "composite fermentation bacteria liquid + polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film" can improve the stress resistance of cucumber itself, reduce the negative impact of adversity on the growth and development of cucumber, and ensure the stable yield and quality of cucumber. In addition, the use of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film in the fermentation process can further improve the fertility of organic fertilizer, thereby improving the stress resistance of cucumber itself.
[0029] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Preparation of composite fermentation broth A composite fermentation liquid is prepared by using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis in a weight ratio of 1:2-3:2-3; S2: Preparation of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane The polyethylene terephthalate membrane is modified with dopamine and then loaded with a composite fermentation bacteria solution to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane; S3: Preparation of compost additives Dissolving humic acid, seaweed extract, amino acids, trace element mixture, and plant cellulose in water to prepare an additive mixture; S4: Building a pile for fermentation of organic fertilizer The straw, cow dung, chicken manure and kitchen waste are mixed, urea is added to adjust the C / N to 20-40, and then the composite fermentation bacteria solution is evenly added to prepare the raw materials. The raw materials are evenly and naturally shaken off on the top of the pipeline by a loader to form a primary pile type. When the compost is gradually heated to 65-67°C, it is coated with a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film, and then fermented. After fermentation for 10-15 days, the additive mixture is added to continue fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer.
2. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1: Preparation of composite fermentation liquid, specifically comprising the following steps: S1.1: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis were inoculated into LB liquid culture medium respectively, and activated and cultured at 37-38° C. for 24-25 hours to obtain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, Bacillus subtilis liquid and Bacillus licheniformis liquid; S1.2: Use a pipette to take each bacterial solution and inoculate it into LB liquid medium at a 3-4% inoculum volume. Cultivate at 37-38°C at 200-300 r / min for 20-24 h until the bacterial solution concentration reaches 1×10 8 -2×10 8 CFU / mL, and the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, the Bacillus subtilis solution and the Bacillus licheniformis solution were mixed to obtain a composite fermentation bacterial solution.
3. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S1.2, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, the Bacillus subtilis solution and the Bacillus licheniformis solution are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2-3:2-3.
4. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2: Preparation of polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane, specifically comprising the following steps: S2.1: dissolving 0.01-0.02 parts by weight of dopamine in 3-5 parts by weight of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride) solution, stirring and mixing to obtain a dopamine solution, soaking a polyethylene terephthalate film in the dopamine solution, and placing the film in a shaker to react at a shaking frequency of 15-18 times / min and a soaking time of 16-20 hours to obtain a polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine film; S2.2: Rinse the polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane with flowing deionized water for 2-3 times, immerse the rinsed polyethylene terephthalate / dopamine membrane in a composite fermentation bacterial solution, and react at a shaking frequency of 13-15 times / min and a soaking time of 10-12h to obtain a composite membrane; S2.3: Rinse the composite membrane with deionized water for 2-3 times, and then place it in a vacuum drying oven for vacuum drying at a temperature of 35-37° C. After drying, a polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite membrane is obtained.
5. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 4, characterized in that, Step S3, preparation of compost additive, specifically comprises the following steps: S3.1: Prepare additives: 25-30kg humic acid, 20-25kg seaweed extract, 15-20kg amino acid, 8-10kg trace element mixture, 15-20kg plant cellulose; S3.2: Dissolve the above additives in 100-200 L of deionized water, and stir and mix at 300-500 r / min for 1-2 h to obtain an additive mixture.
6. A method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The trace element mixture in step S3.1 is specifically composed of a zinc source compound, a boron source compound, a manganese source compound, an iron source compound, a copper source compound and a molybdenum source compound in the ratio of 1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2:1-2.
7. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step S4 is to build a pile of organic fertilizer for fermentation, which specifically comprises the following steps: S4.1: Pile the raw materials with a total mass of 20-30t into long strips, using straw, cow dung, chicken dung and kitchen waste as raw materials, and add urea to adjust the C / N ratio to 20-40, then evenly add 30-40kg of composite fermentation liquid, and then use a turner to mix the pre-laid strips and the composite fermentation liquid evenly, and adjust the moisture content to 50-60% to obtain the raw materials; S4.2: Lay perforated air ducts and make sure the exhaust holes of the air ducts are unobstructed. 3-5 cm thick breathable materials should be evenly laid on the surface of the air ducts. Use a loader to evenly and naturally shake the raw materials onto the top of the pipes to form a primary pile. Connect the air ducts to the fans and ensure that the fans run at 40-50 Hz to obtain compost. S4.3: Adjust the fan control frequency. When the compost gradually heats up to 65-67℃, coat the polyethylene terephthalate / composite fermentation bacteria composite film. After coating, compact the membrane skirt with a pressure pipe to form an air chamber during aeration of the compost. Drain the compost during fermentation and control the fermentation temperature. Then add the additive mixture to the compost and continue fermenting at 35-40℃ until the moisture content reaches 20-30%. Fermentation is completed to obtain fermented organic fertilizer.
8. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4.1, the raw material ratio is straw: cow dung: chicken dung: kitchen waste = 10-9: 3-2: 2-1: 2-1.
9. The method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumber according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4.3, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 65-67°C for 5-7 days, and then fermented at 35-40°C for 5-8 days.
10. An organic fertilizer for improving stress resistance of cucumber, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is prepared by the method for preparing an organic fertilizer for improving the stress resistance of cucumbers as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.