Forklift power battery automatic replacement system

Abstract

The invention discloses a forklift power battery automatic replacement system, a forklift comprises a forklift body, a battery pack and a working fork are arranged on the forklift body, the forklift power battery automatic replacement system comprises a battery replacement fork and a moving device, the moving device is arranged on the forklift body, and the battery replacement fork is connected with the moving device. The battery replacement operation is automatically carried out through the system of the whole vehicle, the automation degree is high, and the battery replacement efficiency can be improved. The battery replacement operation is completed through the system of the whole forklift, the battery replacement mechanisms are all integrated on the whole forklift, additional equipment and accessory assistance are not needed, and limitation of external factors is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric forklifts, and more specifically, to an automatic replacement system for a forklift power battery. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing battery replacement devices for electric forklifts are transport carts, and the forklift is set to a side-access battery structure. The battery box is pulled onto the transport cart by manually pulling the handle on the battery box, and then the new battery is moved to the side of the forklift by the transport cart, and then the battery is manually replaced on the forklift. The operation process is cumbersome and the degree of automation is not high. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN116039573A discloses an automatic battery replacement device, which takes measures to add a battery replacement device, without an auxiliary power device, and the battery replacement device needs to be manually moved to the designated position of the AGV vehicle for automatic battery replacement operation, and there is no protection device for accidents in the middle. If the battery replacement fails in the middle, the subsequent steps need to be manually operated. Therefore, there are also problems such as cumbersome operation process and low degree of automation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The battery replacement of existing electric forklifts requires a certain amount of work and needs to be completed by manpower combined with separately equipped auxiliary equipment, which consumes a large amount of manpower and material costs, and the operation process is cumbersome and the degree of automation is not high. In order to overcome these defects, the present invention provides a forklift power battery automatic replacement system, which can perform battery replacement operations through the vehicle's own system without the need for additional battery replacement auxiliary equipment. It is easy to operate and has a high degree of automation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic replacement system for a forklift power battery, the forklift includes a forklift body, a battery pack and a working fork are arranged on the forklift body, including a battery replacement fork and a mobile device, the mobile device is arranged on the forklift body, and the battery replacement fork is connected to the mobile device. The present invention sets a battery replacement fork and a mobile device according to the working characteristics of the forklift, does not require manual intervention and external tools or equipment, and does not require special replacement sites and supporting facilities. With the help of the forklift's own configuration, the replacement of the forklift power battery pack can be completed by exchanging the old and new battery packs with the battery replacement fork and the working fork, and the battery replacement operation can be completed in any scenario.

[0005] Preferably, the mobile device includes a gear and a rack, the rack is fixed on the forklift body, the gear meshes with the rack and is connected to the output end of a battery-changing motor fixed on the battery-changing fork, the gear is rotatably connected to one side of the battery-changing fork, and both sides of the battery-changing fork are slidably connected to the forklift body. The battery-changing motor drives the gear to rotate, and the repulsive force generated between the gear and the meshing rack can push the battery-changing fork to slide, eject the old battery pack, and load the new battery pack, thereby completing the battery replacement operation.

[0006] Alternatively, the mobile device includes a gear and a rack, the gear is rotatably connected to the forklift body, the rack is slidably connected to the forklift body and fixedly connected to one side of the battery-swapping fork, the gear is meshed with the rack and connected to the output end of a battery-swapping motor fixed to the forklift body, and both sides of the battery-swapping fork are slidably connected to the forklift body. The battery-swapping motor drives the gear to rotate, and the repulsive force generated between the gear and the meshing rack can push the rack to slide, thereby causing the battery-swapping fork to slide, eject the old battery pack, and load the new battery pack, thereby completing the battery replacement operation.

[0007] Preferably, the automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries also includes a battery pack positioning and locking mechanism and a battery replacement controller, and the battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is in communication with the battery replacement controller. After the battery pack is replaced and the new battery pack is in place, the battery pack positioning and locking mechanism locks the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack is safely and properly fixed on the forklift body to avoid movement and collision with the movement of the forklift.

[0008] Preferably, the battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is provided on the forklift body, and includes a front baffle and a driving device for driving the front baffle to move, and the driving device is installed on the forklift body. The battery pack has freedom of movement in the forward direction. When the old battery pack is withdrawn, the old battery pack moves forward with the battery replacement fork; when the new battery pack is loaded, it returns along the original path. Therefore, when the new battery pack is installed in place, the driving device drives the front baffle to move, forming a block on the front end of the battery pack, eliminating the freedom of movement of the front end of the battery pack, so as to safely and properly fix the battery pack.

[0009] Alternatively, the battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is provided on the battery swap fork, including a lifting and positioning column provided on the top surface of the battery swap fork and a driving device for driving the lifting and positioning column to move, and the driving device is installed on the battery swap fork. The battery pack positioning and locking mechanism can also be provided on the battery swap fork, so that the battery pack is positioned and locked on the battery swap fork. After the new battery pack is installed in place, the battery pack can be positioned and locked by keeping the battery swap fork stationary.

[0010] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is provided at the bottom of the battery pack, and a locking hole is provided on the reinforcing plate to match the lifting and positioning column. The locking hole cooperates with the lifting and positioning column to realize the locking of the battery pack by the battery pack positioning locking mechanism. The reinforcing plate is installed on the battery pack to prevent the locking pin from directly acting on the battery pack and preventing damage to the battery pack.

[0011] Preferably, a battery in-place sensor is also included, and the battery in-place sensor is connected to the battery swap controller. After the battery pack is installed in place, the battery in-place sensor is triggered to generate a signal to input into the battery swap controller, thereby accurately detecting the completion of the battery pack installation and providing a basis for timing control for subsequent operations.

[0012] Preferably, a battery compartment is provided on the forklift body for accommodating the battery pack. The battery compartment maximizes the shielding area of ​​the battery pack, making it difficult for the battery pack to come into contact with the outside, thereby effectively protecting the battery pack.

[0013] Preferably, the forklift further comprises a battery replacement indicator instrument arranged in front of the driving position on the forklift body. The real-time status of the battery replacement process is fed back to the driver by the battery replacement indicator instrument for monitoring or operation.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: High degree of automation: The present invention automatically performs battery replacement operations through the vehicle's own system, which has a high degree of automation and can improve battery replacement efficiency.

[0015] Improve the convenience of battery replacement. The present invention completes the battery replacement operation through the vehicle's own system. The battery replacement mechanism is integrated on the forklift, and no additional equipment and accessories are required, and it is not restricted by external factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an electric forklift to which the present invention is applied.

[0017] Figure 2 The present invention is a top view of an electric forklift to which the present invention is applied.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a mobile device in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 The figure is a flow chart of the replacement process of the new and old battery packs of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure, 1-forklift body, 2-battery pack, 201-old battery pack, 202-new battery pack 202, 3-working fork, 4-battery replacement fork, 401-battery replacement fork arm, 402-fork arm connecting frame, 5-moving device, 501-gear, 502-rack, 6-battery replacement controller, 7-battery replacement indicator instrument, 8-quick battery replacement button, 9-battery position sensor, 10-guide rail, 11-battery replacement working small battery, 12-battery replacement motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments of the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Embodiment 1: like Figures 1 to 4As shown, a forklift power battery automatic replacement system, the forklift includes a forklift body 1, the forklift body 1 is provided with a battery pack 2, a front mast, a working fork 3 and a vehicle controller, the working fork 3 is controlled by the vehicle controller to rise and fall on the front mast, and the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 can be automatically adjusted. A cavity is provided at the bottom of the forklift body 1 below the forklift seat, and a battery compartment is provided in the cavity. The size of the battery compartment matches the size of the battery pack 2, so that the battery pack 2 can be placed in the battery compartment. The battery compartment is composed of two parallel and opposite cabin plates, the cabin plates are flat plates, the cabin plates are located in a vertical plane, the rear end of the cabin plates are fixed to the rear cavity wall of the cavity, the top of the cabin plates are fixed to the top cavity wall of the cavity, the cabin plates and the inner wall of the cavity separate the space of the battery compartment, so that the battery compartment has two side cabin walls, a cabin top wall and a cabin rear wall, and the front end and bottom of the battery compartment are open. The automatic battery replacement system for a forklift includes a battery replacement fork 4, a mobile device 5, a battery pack positioning and locking mechanism, a battery replacement controller 6, and a quick battery replacement button 8. The mobile device 5 is arranged on the forklift body 1, and the battery replacement fork 4 is slidably connected to the top of the bulkheads on both sides of the battery compartment. At the same time, the battery replacement fork 4 is connected to the mobile device 5 to obtain the moving power from the mobile device 5. The battery replacement fork 4 includes two parallel battery replacement fork arms 401 and a fork arm connecting frame 402, and the ends of the two fork arms are detachably connected to the fork arm connecting frame. The total distribution width of the two fork arms of the battery replacement fork 4 is less than the distance between the two fork arms of the working fork 3. When the battery replacement fork 4 is extended, it is located between the two fork arms of the working fork 3. The battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is communicatively connected to the battery replacement controller 6, and the quick battery replacement button 8 is located below the steering wheel of the forklift. The battery replacement controller 6 is powered by a small battery replacement working battery 11. The small battery replacement working battery 11 is in a dormant state when the forklift is working normally, and only serves as a temporary power source during the battery replacement period.

[0023] The moving device 5 includes a gear 501 and a rack 502 that mesh with each other. The rack 502 is fixed on one side of the top wall of the battery compartment. A guide rail 10 is provided on the top of the walls on both sides of the battery compartment. The two sides of the fork arm connecting frame are slidably connected to the two guide rails 10 one by one through sliders. A battery-changing motor 12 is fixed on the fork arm connecting frame. The gear 501 is arranged on the side of the fork arm connecting frame corresponding to the rack 502, and the gear 501 is key-connected to the output end of the battery-changing motor 12. The transmission type of the transmission of the battery-changing motor 12 is a worm gear type, and has a shutdown self-locking function. The battery pack positioning locking mechanism is arranged on the forklift body 1, including a front baffle and a drive device. The drive device is installed on the forklift body 1, and is used to drive the front baffle to move up and down to close and open the front port of the battery compartment. In this embodiment, the driving device is an oil cylinder, which is fixed on one side of the front port of the battery compartment. A lifting slide rail is provided on the other side of the front port of the battery compartment. The piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of one end of the front baffle, and the other end of the front baffle is connected to the lifting slide rail through a slider. A battery position sensor 9 is provided at the front end of the forklift body 1, corresponding to the extreme position where the battery replacement fork 4 pushes out the old battery pack, and is used for node monitoring of the battery pack entering and exiting the battery compartment. Battery position sensors are provided at the rear end of the guide rail 10 and the top of the battery replacement fork 4 to monitor whether the battery pack is placed in place on the battery replacement fork 4 and whether it is installed in place in the battery compartment. The battery position sensor 9 and the battery position sensor are communicatively connected to the battery replacement controller 6. The forklift power battery automatic replacement system also includes a battery replacement indicator 7 arranged in front of the driving position on the forklift body 1. The battery replacement indicator 7 can indicate the real-time status of the battery replacement process and feedback to the driver for monitoring or operation.

[0024] The battery pack replacement process is as follows: battery racks are pre-placed at the battery replacement site to provide new battery packs and recycle old battery packs. Press the quick battery replacement button 8, the forklift enters the battery replacement state, the forklift automatically stops and locks to ensure that the vehicle remains stationary; then the working fork 3 remains horizontal, the battery position sensor 9 and the battery position sensor detect the battery position and feed back to the battery replacement controller 6 to determine whether the necessary conditions for starting the battery pack replacement process are met; the vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to rise and fall to a position slightly lower than the battery replacement fork 4, and then the battery replacement controller 6 controls the mobile device 5 to push out the battery replacement fork 4 to push the old battery pack 201 along the guide rail 10 The completion of the pushing process is monitored by the battery position sensor 9 and fed back to the battery swap controller 6. When the old battery pack 201 reaches the end face of the front door frame of the whole vehicle, the battery position sensor 9 is triggered. At the same time, the battery swap fork 4 also reaches the extension stroke limit. At this time, the whole vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to reduce the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 to adapt to the length of the old battery pack 201, ensuring that the working fork 3 can hold both ends of the old battery pack 201 while maintaining a certain distance from the outside of the battery swap fork 4; the whole vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to rise, hold the old battery pack 201, and release the battery. At both ends of the battery pack 201, the working fork 3 continues to rise until the old battery pack 201 is lifted off the battery-changing fork 4, and continues to be lifted to a height that is convenient for unloading the old battery pack 201; then the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to move forward and backward to complete the process of the working fork 3 transferring the old battery pack 201 to the battery rack and loading the new battery pack 202 from the battery rack; the working fork 3 descends with the new battery pack 202 until it intersects with the battery-changing fork 4, and continues to descend to complete the transfer of the new battery pack 202 from the working fork 3 to the battery-changing fork 4, and the vehicle The controller controls the working fork 3 to increase the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 to ensure that the working fork 3 does not hinder the movement and installation of the new battery pack 202; the battery replacement fork 4 carries the new battery pack 202 back until the new battery pack 202 enters the position of the old battery pack 201 in the battery compartment; the working fork 3 drops to the bottom, completing the battery replacement operation, and the battery pack replacement is completed. After the new battery pack is in place, the battery pack positioning locking mechanism locks the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack is safely and properly fixed in the battery compartment to avoid movement and collision with the movement of the forklift. The power supply of the entire vehicle is switched to the new battery pack 202. After the self-test is completed, the new battery pack 202 can power the forklift and the small battery 11 for battery replacement. The driver can immediately stop the relevant battery replacement operation by pressing the quick battery replacement button 8 again.

[0025] Embodiment 2: A forklift power battery automatic replacement system, the forklift includes a forklift body 1, the forklift body 1 is provided with a battery pack 2, a front mast, a working fork 3 and a vehicle controller, the working fork 3 is controlled by the vehicle controller to rise and fall on the front mast, and the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 can be automatically adjusted. A cavity is provided at the bottom of the forklift body 1 below the forklift seat, and a battery compartment is provided in the cavity. The size of the battery compartment matches the size of the battery pack 2, so that the battery pack 2 can be placed in the battery compartment. The battery compartment is composed of two parallel and opposite cabin plates, which are flat plates. The cabin plates are located in a vertical plane, the rear end of the cabin plate is fixed to the rear cavity wall of the cavity, and the top of the cabin plate is fixed to the top cavity wall of the cavity. The cabin plate and the inner wall of the cavity separate the space of the battery compartment, so that the battery compartment has two side cabin walls, a cabin top wall and a cabin rear wall, and the front end and bottom of the battery compartment are open. The automatic replacement system of the power battery of the forklift includes a battery replacement fork 4, a mobile device 5, a battery pack positioning and locking mechanism, a battery replacement controller 6 and a quick battery replacement button 8. The mobile device 5 is arranged on the forklift body 1. The battery replacement fork 4 is slidably connected to the top of the bulkheads on both sides of the battery compartment. At the same time, the battery replacement fork 4 is connected to the mobile device 5 and obtains the moving power from the mobile device 5. The battery replacement fork 4 includes two parallel battery replacement fork arms and a fork arm connecting frame, and the ends of the two fork arms are detachably connected to the fork arm connecting frame. The total distribution width of the two fork arms of the battery replacement fork 4 is smaller than the distance between the two fork arms of the working fork 3. When the battery replacement fork 4 is extended, it is located between the two fork arms of the working fork 3. The battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is communicated with the battery replacement controller 6, and the quick battery replacement button 8 is located under the steering wheel of the forklift. The battery replacement controller 6 is powered by a small battery replacement working battery 11. The small battery replacement working battery 11 is in a dormant state when the forklift is working normally and only serves as a temporary power source during the battery replacement.

[0026] Different from the first embodiment, the mobile device 5 in this embodiment includes a gear 501 and a rack 502 that mesh with each other. The gear 501 is rotatably connected to one of the cabin plates through a transmission shaft. A battery-changing motor is installed on the outer surface of the cabin plate. The output end of the battery-changing motor is key-connected to the transmission shaft. Guide rails 10 are provided on the tops of the cabin walls on both sides of the battery compartment. One side of the fork arm connecting frame is fixed on the rack 502. The rack 502 is slidably connected to the guide rail 10 on one side through a slider. The other side of the fork arm connecting frame is slidably connected to the guide rail 10 on the other side through a slider. The transmission type of the transmission of the battery-changing motor is a worm gear type, which has a shutdown self-locking function. The battery pack positioning locking mechanism is arranged on the forklift body 1, including a front baffle and a drive device. The drive device is installed on the forklift body 1, and is used to drive the front baffle to move up and down to close and open the front port of the battery compartment. Different from Example 1, the driving device in this embodiment is an electric cylinder, which is fixed on one side of the front port of the battery compartment, and a lifting slide rail is provided on the other side of the front port of the battery compartment. The piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected to the bottom of one end of the front baffle, and the other end of the front baffle is connected to the lifting slide rail through a slider. A battery position sensor 9 is provided at the front end of the forklift body 1, corresponding to the extreme position where the battery replacement fork 4 pushes the old battery pack out, and is used for node monitoring of the battery pack entering and exiting the battery compartment. Battery position sensors are provided at the rear end of the guide rail 10 and the top of the battery replacement fork 4 to monitor whether the battery pack is placed in place on the battery replacement fork 4 and whether it is installed in place in the battery compartment. The battery position sensor 9 and the battery position sensor are communicatively connected to the battery replacement controller 6. The automatic replacement system for power batteries of forklifts also includes a battery replacement indicator 7 arranged in front of the driving position on the forklift body 1. The battery replacement indicator 7 can indicate the real-time status of the battery replacement process and feedback to the driver for monitoring or operation. The rest is the same as Example 1.

[0027] The battery pack replacement process is as follows: battery racks are pre-placed at the battery replacement site to provide new battery packs and recycle old battery packs. Press the quick battery replacement button 8, the forklift enters the battery replacement state, the forklift automatically stops and locks to ensure that the vehicle remains stationary; then the working fork 3 remains horizontal, the battery position sensor 9 and the battery position sensor detect the battery position and feed back to the battery replacement controller 6 to determine whether the necessary conditions for starting the battery pack replacement process are met; the vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to rise and fall to a position slightly lower than the battery replacement fork 4, and then the battery replacement controller 6 controls the mobile device 5 to push out the battery replacement fork 4 to push the old battery pack 201 along the guide rail 10 The completion of the pushing process is monitored by the battery position sensor 9 and fed back to the battery swap controller 6. When the old battery pack 201 reaches the end face of the front door frame of the whole vehicle, the battery position sensor 9 is triggered. At the same time, the battery swap fork 4 also reaches the extension stroke limit. At this time, the whole vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to reduce the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 to adapt to the length of the old battery pack 201, ensuring that the working fork 3 can hold both ends of the old battery pack 201 while maintaining a certain distance from the outside of the battery swap fork 4; the whole vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to rise, hold the old battery pack 201, and release the battery. At both ends of the battery pack 201, the working fork 3 continues to rise until the old battery pack 201 is lifted off the battery-changing fork 4, and continues to be lifted to a height that is convenient for unloading the old battery pack 201; then the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to move forward and backward to complete the process of the working fork 3 transferring the old battery pack 201 to the battery rack and loading the new battery pack 202 from the battery rack; the working fork 3 descends with the new battery pack 202 until it intersects with the battery-changing fork 4, and continues to descend to complete the transfer of the new battery pack 202 from the working fork 3 to the battery-changing fork 4, and the vehicle The controller controls the working fork 3 to increase the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 to ensure that the working fork 3 does not hinder the movement and installation of the new battery pack 202; the battery replacement fork 4 carries the new battery pack 202 back until the new battery pack 202 enters the position of the old battery pack 201 in the battery compartment; the working fork 3 drops to the bottom, completing the battery replacement operation, and the battery pack replacement is completed. After the new battery pack is in place, the battery pack positioning locking mechanism locks the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack is safely and properly fixed in the battery compartment to avoid movement and collision with the movement of the forklift. The power supply of the entire vehicle is switched to the new battery pack 202. After the self-test is completed, the new battery pack 202 can power the forklift and the small battery 11 for battery replacement. The driver can immediately stop the relevant battery replacement operation by pressing the quick battery replacement button 8 again.

[0028] Embodiment 3: A forklift power battery automatic replacement system, the forklift includes a forklift body 1, the forklift body 1 is provided with a battery pack 2, a front mast, a working fork 3 and a vehicle controller, the working fork 3 is controlled by the vehicle controller to rise and fall on the front mast, and the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 can be automatically adjusted. A cavity is provided at the bottom of the forklift body 1 below the forklift seat, and a battery compartment is provided in the cavity. The size of the battery compartment matches the size of the battery pack 2, so that the battery pack 2 can be placed in the battery compartment. The battery compartment is composed of two parallel and opposite cabin plates, which are flat plates. The cabin plates are located in a vertical plane, the rear end of the cabin plate is fixed to the rear cavity wall of the cavity, and the top of the cabin plate is fixed to the top cavity wall of the cavity. The cabin plate and the inner wall of the cavity separate the space of the battery compartment, so that the battery compartment has two side cabin walls, a cabin top wall and a cabin rear wall, and the front end and bottom of the battery compartment are open. The automatic battery replacement system for a forklift includes a battery replacement fork 4, a mobile device 5, a battery pack positioning and locking mechanism, a battery replacement controller 6, and a quick battery replacement button 8. The mobile device 5 is arranged on the forklift body 1, and the battery replacement fork 4 is slidably connected to the top of the bulkheads on both sides of the battery compartment. At the same time, the battery replacement fork 4 is connected to the mobile device 5 to obtain the moving power from the mobile device 5. The battery replacement fork 4 includes two parallel battery replacement fork arms and a fork arm connecting frame, and the ends of the two fork arms are detachably connected to the fork arm connecting frame. The total distribution width of the two fork arms of the battery replacement fork 4 is smaller than the distance between the two fork arms of the working fork 3. When the battery replacement fork 4 is extended, it is located between the two fork arms of the working fork 3. The battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is communicatively connected to the battery replacement controller 6, and the quick battery replacement button 8 is located below the steering wheel of the forklift. The battery replacement controller 6 is powered by a small battery replacement working battery 11. The small battery replacement working battery 11 is in a dormant state when the forklift is working normally, and only serves as a temporary power source during the battery replacement period.

[0029] The moving device 5 includes a gear 501 and a rack 502 that mesh with each other. The rack 502 is fixed on one side of the top wall of the battery compartment. Guide rails 10 are provided on the top of the walls on both sides of the battery compartment. The two sides of the fork arm connecting frame are slidably connected to the two guide rails 10 one by one through sliders. A battery-changing motor is fixed on the fork arm connecting frame. The gear 501 is arranged on the side of the fork arm connecting frame corresponding to the rack 502, and the gear 501 is keyed to the output end of the battery-changing motor. The transmission type of the transmission of the battery-changing motor is a worm gear type, and has a shutdown self-locking function. Different from the first embodiment, the battery pack positioning and locking mechanism described in the present embodiment is arranged on the battery-exchange fork 4, including a lifting and positioning column and a driving device. The driving device is installed on the battery-exchange fork 4 to drive the lifting and positioning column to move. The lifting and positioning column is arranged on the top surface of the battery-exchange fork 4 and has a conical column head at the top. The driving device is a positioning column lifting cylinder. The positioning column lifting cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the battery-exchange fork 4. The lifting and positioning column passes through the battery-exchange fork 4 and is fixed with the piston rod of the positioning column lifting cylinder. A reinforcing plate is provided at the bottom of the battery pack 2, and a locking hole corresponding to the lifting and positioning column is provided on the reinforcing plate. A battery position sensor 9 is provided at the front end of the forklift body 1, corresponding to the extreme position where the battery-exchange fork 4 pushes out the old battery pack, and is used for node monitoring of the battery pack entering and exiting the battery compartment. A battery position sensor is provided at the rear end of the guide rail 10 and the top of the battery-exchange fork 4, which is used to monitor whether the battery pack is placed in place on the battery-exchange fork 4 and whether it is installed in place in the battery compartment. The battery position sensor 9 and the battery position sensor are connected to the battery-exchange controller 6 for communication. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries also includes a battery replacement indicator 7 arranged in front of the driving position on the forklift body 1, and the battery replacement indicator 7 can indicate the real-time status of the battery replacement process and feed back to the driver for monitoring or operation. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0030] The battery pack replacement process is as follows: battery racks are pre-placed at the battery replacement site to provide new battery packs and recycle old battery packs. Press the quick battery replacement button 8, the forklift enters the battery replacement state, the forklift automatically stops and locks to ensure that the vehicle remains stationary; then the working fork 3 remains horizontal, the battery position sensor 9 and the battery position sensor detect the battery position and feed back to the battery replacement controller 6 to determine whether the necessary conditions for starting the battery pack replacement process are met; the vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to rise and fall to a position slightly lower than the battery replacement fork 4, and then the battery replacement controller 6 controls the mobile device 5 to push out the battery replacement fork 4 to push the old battery pack 201 along the guide rail 10 The completion of the pushing process is monitored by the battery position sensor 9 and fed back to the battery swap controller 6. When the old battery pack 201 reaches the end face of the front door frame of the whole vehicle, the battery position sensor 9 is triggered. At the same time, the battery swap fork 4 also reaches the extension stroke limit. At this time, the whole vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to reduce the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 to adapt to the length of the old battery pack 201, ensuring that the working fork 3 can hold both ends of the old battery pack 201 while maintaining a certain distance from the outside of the battery swap fork 4; the whole vehicle controller controls the working fork 3 to rise, hold the old battery pack 201, and release the battery. At both ends of the battery pack 201, the working fork 3 continues to rise until the old battery pack 201 is lifted off the battery-changing fork 4, and continues to be lifted to a height that is convenient for unloading the old battery pack 201; then the vehicle controller controls the vehicle to move forward and backward to complete the process of the working fork 3 transferring the old battery pack 201 to the battery rack and loading the new battery pack 202 from the battery rack; the working fork 3 descends with the new battery pack 202 until it intersects with the battery-changing fork 4, and continues to descend to complete the transfer of the new battery pack 202 from the working fork 3 to the battery-changing fork 4, and the vehicle The controller controls the working fork 3 to increase the fork arm spacing of the working fork 3 to ensure that the working fork 3 does not hinder the movement and installation of the new battery pack 202; the battery replacement fork 4 carries the new battery pack 202 back until the new battery pack 202 enters the position of the old battery pack 201 in the battery compartment; the working fork 3 drops to the bottom, completing the battery replacement operation, and the battery pack replacement is completed. After the new battery pack is in place, the battery pack positioning locking mechanism locks the battery pack to ensure that the battery pack is safely and properly fixed in the battery compartment to avoid movement and collision with the movement of the forklift. The power supply of the entire vehicle is switched to the new battery pack 202. After the self-test is completed, the new battery pack 202 can power the forklift and the small battery 11 for battery replacement. The driver can immediately stop the relevant battery replacement operation by pressing the quick battery replacement button 8 again.

Claims

1. A forklift power battery automatic replacement system, the forklift comprising a forklift body (1), a battery pack (2) and a working fork (3) being arranged on the forklift body (1), wherein: It comprises a battery-changing fork (4) and a moving device (5), wherein the moving device (5) is arranged on a forklift body (1), and the battery-changing fork (4) is connected to the moving device (5).

2. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving device (5) comprises a gear (501) and a rack (502), the rack (502) being fixed on the forklift body (1), the gear (501) meshing with the rack (502) and connected to an output end of a battery-changing motor fixed on a battery-changing fork (4), the gear (501) being rotatably connected to one side of the battery-changing fork (4), and both sides of the battery-changing fork (4) being slidably connected to the forklift body (1).

3. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The moving device (5) comprises a gear (501) and a rack (502), the gear (501) being rotatably connected to the forklift body (1), the rack (502) being slidably connected to the forklift body (1) and fixedly connected to one side of a battery-changing fork (4), the gear (501) being meshed with the rack (502) and being connected to an output end of a battery-changing motor fixed to the forklift body (1), and both sides of the battery-changing fork (4) being slidably connected to the forklift body (1).

4. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a battery pack positioning and locking mechanism and a battery replacement controller (6), and the battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is communicatively connected to the battery replacement controller (6).

5. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The battery pack positioning locking mechanism is arranged on the forklift body (1), and comprises a front end baffle and a driving device for driving the front end baffle to move, wherein the driving device is mounted on the forklift body (1).

6. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The battery pack positioning and locking mechanism is arranged on the battery exchange fork (4), and comprises a lifting and positioning column arranged on the top surface of the battery exchange fork (4) and a driving device for driving the lifting and positioning column to move, wherein the driving device is mounted on the battery exchange fork (4).

7. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A reinforcing plate is provided at the bottom of the battery pack (2), and a locking hole corresponding to the lifting and positioning column is provided on the reinforcing plate.

8. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to claim 4 is characterized in that: It also includes a battery position sensor, which is communicatively connected to the battery replacement controller (6).

9. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: A battery compartment capable of accommodating a battery pack (2) is provided on the forklift body (1).

10. The automatic replacement system for forklift power batteries according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a battery replacement indicator instrument (7) arranged in front of the driving position on the forklift body (1).

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