Loop heat pipe, loop heat pipe reactor and heat exchange system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchange, and provides a loop heat pipe, a loop heat pipe reactor and a heat exchange system. The loop heat pipe comprises an evaporation section, a steam pipeline, a condensation section and a liquid pipeline which are sequentially communicated to form a circulation loop, the circulation loop is used for heat exchange fluid to circularly flow, a fuel rod and a liquid absorption core are arranged in the evaporation section, and the heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section can exchange heat with the fuel rod through the liquid absorption core. According to the loop heat pipe, by improving the structure of the heat pipe, the heat exchange efficiency between the fuel rod and the heat exchange fluid is improved, the condensation section of the loop heat pipe can be flexibly deformed and is convenient to bend and machine, and compact and efficient heat exchange coupling between the loop heat pipe and a thermoelectric conversion system can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, and in particular to a loop heat pipe, a loop heat pipe reactor and a heat exchange system. Background Art

[0002] A heat pipe is a heat transfer element that makes full use of the principle of heat conduction and the rapid heat transfer properties of phase change media. It quickly transfers the heat of a heating object to the outside of the heat source through the heat pipe. Its thermal conductivity exceeds that of any known metal. The common form of a high-temperature heat pipe is a circular straight tube structure with a sintered liquid wick inside and filled with a certain amount of liquid metal, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, etc. as a working fluid. Due to the excellent heat transfer characteristics of heat pipes, they are used as heat transfer components between reactors and thermoelectric conversion systems. Reactors that use heat pipes for heat transfer are called heat pipe stacks. High-temperature heat pipes using alkali metals as working fluids can achieve non-active and efficient heat exchange, and are a potential ideal heat exchange method between reactor heat sources and thermoelectric conversion systems. However, it is difficult for linear high-temperature heat pipes to achieve compact and efficient structural coupling with high-temperature heat exchangers in thermoelectric conversion systems.

[0003] There are certain problems in the heat transfer between the high-temperature heat pipe with a circular straight tube structure and the reactor: first, because both the heat pipe and the fuel are cylindrical structures, the heat transfer between the heat pipe and the fuel must completely rely on another heat-conducting structure, which not only requires high strength but also requires a large thermal conductivity; secondly, there must be good thermal contact between the fuel and the heat pipe, but because the thermal expansion and contraction coefficients of the heat pipe, the fuel rod and the heat-conducting structure are difficult to keep consistent, it is difficult to achieve good thermal contact between the fuel and the heat-conducting structure, and between the heat pipe and the heat-conducting structure. Therefore, under the same temperature condition of the heat pipe condensation section, the working temperature of the fuel is higher. The ideal heat transfer temperature of the heat pipe is usually above 750°C. If there is a large temperature difference between the heat pipe and the fuel, the temperature of the fuel rod will be higher. The excessively high fuel temperature brings great difficulties to the development of the fuel rod. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art. To this end, the present invention proposes a loop heat pipe, which improves the heat exchange efficiency between the fuel rod and the heat exchange fluid by improving the structure of the heat pipe, and the condensing section of the loop heat pipe can be flexibly deformed, convenient for bending and processing, and can be compactly and efficiently coupled with the thermoelectric conversion system for heat exchange.

[0005] The invention also provides a loop heat pipe reactor.

[0006] The invention also provides a heat exchange system.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present invention, the loop heat pipe comprises an evaporation section, a steam pipeline, a condensation section and a liquid pipeline which are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop, wherein the circulation loop is for circulating a heat exchange fluid, and a fuel rod and a liquid wick are arranged in the evaporation section, and the heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section can exchange heat with the fuel rod through the liquid wick.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid absorbent core includes a first liquid absorbent core and a second liquid absorbent core, a flow channel is provided between the first liquid absorbent core and the second liquid absorbent core, the first liquid absorbent core is coated on the outside of the fuel rod, and the second liquid absorbent core is attached to the inner wall of the shell of the evaporation section.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the evaporation section is connected to a liquid collecting tank for containing the heat exchange fluid, and the liquid collecting tank is in fluid communication with the liquid wick.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid wick is separated between the space in the evaporation section and the liquid collecting tank.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid absorbent core is provided with an inserting portion, and the inserting portion is inserted into the liquid collecting tank.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the absorbent core comprises a absorbent core bridge, and the absorbent core bridge connects the first absorbent core and the second absorbent core.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the liquid outlet end of the liquid pipeline is inserted into the evaporation section, and the liquid outlet end is inserted into the liquid absorbent core and a distance is set between the liquid absorbent core, or the liquid outlet end is provided with an air collecting groove to connect the liquid outlet end and the evaporation section through the air collecting groove.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the evaporation section.

[0015] The loop heat pipe reactor according to the second embodiment of the present invention comprises a heat-conducting structure and a plurality of loop heat pipes as described in any one of the above items, wherein the plurality of evaporation sections conduct heat through the heat-conducting structure.

[0016] A heat exchange system according to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present invention comprises:

[0017] Load device;

[0018] A loop heat pipe as described in any one of the above, or a loop heat pipe reactor as described above;

[0019] Wherein, the condensation section exchanges heat with the load device.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the condensing sections exchanges heat with one of the load devices, at least one of the condensing sections exchanges heat with another of the load devices, and a plurality of the evaporating sections conduct heat through a heat-conducting structure.

[0021] The above one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0022] The loop heat pipe of the embodiment of the present invention includes an evaporation section, a steam pipeline, a condensation section and a liquid pipeline connected to form a circulation loop. A fuel rod is arranged in the evaporation section. The heat of the fuel rod can be directly absorbed by the heat exchange fluid in the liquid absorption core outside the fuel rod. The fuel rod is built into the evaporation section of the loop heat pipe, which improves the heat exchange efficiency between the fuel rod and the heat exchange fluid, solves the problem of large heat transfer temperature difference and high operating temperature of the fuel rod in the heat pipe reactor, and the condensation section of the loop heat pipe has a small pipe diameter, which is convenient for bending and processing, and solves the problem that the heat pipe is difficult to bend.

[0023] Furthermore, multiple loop heat pipes are combined to form a loop heat pipe reactor system, which reduces the heat exchange temperature difference between the fuel rod and the heat pipe, and at the same time, the condensation section of the loop heat pipe has a small diameter and is easy to deform flexibly. When the loop heat pipe is applied to the thermoelectric conversion system, the condensation section releases heat to the thermoelectric conversion system, realizing compact and efficient heat exchange coupling between the loop heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion system.

[0024] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or related technical descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loop heat pipe provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB;

[0029] Figure 4It is a structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the evaporation section and the heat conduction structure of the loop heat pipe reactor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection relationship between a loop heat pipe reactor and a generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Evaporation section; 2. Steam pipeline; 3. Condensation section; 4. Liquid pipeline; 5. Fuel rod; 6. Liquid wick; 61. First liquid wick; 62. Second liquid wick; 63. Liquid wick bridge; 64. Connecting part; 7. Liquid collecting tank; 8. Gas collecting tank; 9. Heat conducting structure; 10. Load device; 11. Thermoelectric conversion system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple", "multiple roots", and "multiple groups" mean two or more.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0038] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0039] The embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, in combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a loop heat pipe is provided, comprising an evaporation section 1, a steam pipeline 2, a condensation section 3 and a liquid pipeline 4 which are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop, wherein the circulation loop can be used for the circulation of a heat exchange fluid, and a fuel rod 5 and a liquid wick 6 are arranged in the evaporation section 1, and the heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section 1 can exchange heat with the fuel rod 5 through the liquid wick 6.

[0040] The loop heat pipe has a built-in fuel rod 5. The heat exchange fluid is mainly liquid in the evaporation section 1. The heat generated by the fuel rod 5 is absorbed by the liquid heat exchange fluid in the liquid wick 6. The liquid heat exchange fluid absorbs heat and evaporates to become steam. The gaseous heat exchange fluid enters the condensation section 3 through the steam pipeline 2. The gaseous heat exchange fluid condenses and releases heat in the condensation section 3 to become liquid. The liquid heat exchange fluid enters the evaporation section 1 through the liquid pipeline 4, and then absorbs heat from the fuel rod 5 through the liquid wick 6 in the evaporation section 1 to start another cycle. Among them, the heat exchange fluid can use metals with low melting points such as sodium, potassium, lithium, and cesium as working fluids to increase its working temperature.

[0041] In some cases, the fuel rod 5 is located at the center of the evaporation section 1, and the surface of the fuel rod 5 is coated with a wick 6, which has a simple structure and the heat exchange fluid is evenly exchanged in the evaporation section 1. Among them, the fuel rod 5 is located in the evaporation section 1, and the specific position of the fuel rod 5 may not be limited. The wick 6 may be coated on the outside of the fuel rod 5, which helps the heat exchange fluid in the wick 6 to absorb heat from the fuel rod 5. The surface of the fuel rod 5 is coated with the wick 6 as the evaporation surface. It can be considered that the steam temperature in the loop heat pipe is basically equal to the surface temperature of the fuel rod 5, which reduces the heat exchange temperature difference between the fuel rod 5 and the heat pipe.

[0042] Based on the existence of two-phase flow in the loop heat pipe, in order to ensure the controllability of the flow, the circulation loop of the loop heat pipe generally cannot be bifurcated, and a loop heat pipe has only one circulation loop.

[0043] In order to ensure that the condensed liquid can flow back to the evaporation section 1 smoothly, the diameters of the condensation section 3 and the liquid pipeline 4 are usually small, generally several millimeters. It can also be understood that the cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section 3 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the evaporation section 1, which facilitates the bending of the condensation section 3, helps the condensation section 3 and the load device 10 to contact and exchange heat, and the load device 10 can absorb heat from the condensation section 3, and the matching of the condensation section 3 and the load device 10 is more flexible. The smaller pipe diameter is very convenient for bending, so it is easy to adapt to different spatial layouts, and the condensation section 3 can be attached to heat exchange surfaces of different shapes to achieve good thermal contact. Since the diameters of the condensation section 3 and the liquid pipeline 4 are small, the corresponding pipe wall is also thin, and the wall thermal resistance is also small, which is conducive to reducing the heat transfer temperature difference. Based on the fact that steam is condensed and heat exchanged in the condensation section 3, the heat exchange fluid transfers heat through phase change, and the temperature of the heat exchange fluid in the condensation section 3 is basically equal to the temperature of the evaporation section 1, so there will be no obvious temperature distribution on the load device 10 that needs to absorb heat. When the load device 10 is part of the thermoelectric conversion system 11, it is beneficial for the thermoelectric conversion system 11 to obtain better working performance. Loop heat pipes are suitable for small power generators ranging from a few hundred watts to a few kilowatts.

[0044] Among them, the condensing section 3 can be understood as a section of the loop heat pipe, the inlet end of the condensing section 3 is the steam pipeline 2, and the outlet end of the condensing section 3 is the liquid pipeline 4. The steam pipeline 2, the condensing section 3 and the liquid pipeline 4 can be connected as a reducer or an equal diameter pipe, and the specific structure can be selected according to needs. Among them, the cross-sectional areas of the steam pipeline 2, the condensing section 3 and the liquid pipeline 4 are all smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the evaporation section 1, and the steam pipeline 2, the condensing section 3 and the liquid pipeline 4 are convenient for bending. The cross-sectional shape of each section of the loop heat pipe is not limited.

[0045] The condensing section 3 may be located in the load device 10 of the thermoelectric conversion system 11 to transfer heat to the load device 10 of the thermoelectric conversion system 11. The condensing section 3 may be wound around the surface of the load device 10 (when the load device is the thermoelectric conversion system 11, such as the condensing section 3 wound around the high temperature heat exchanger of the Stirling generator) so that the condensing section 3 and the load device 10 are in contact for heat exchange, and the contact thermal resistance between the two is reduced by welding or the like; the condensing section 3 may also be a flow channel embedded in the load device 10 (such as the condensing section 3 embedded in the high temperature heat exchanger of the Stirling generator) to achieve better heat exchange.

[0046] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the evaporation section 1 is connected to a liquid collecting tank 7 for containing a heat exchange fluid, and the liquid collecting tank 7 is in fluid communication with the liquid wick 6. The heat exchange fluid flowing back from the liquid pipeline 4 to the evaporation section 1 may first enter the liquid collecting tank 7, and then be guided to the outside of the fuel rod 5 through the liquid wick 6, so that the heat exchange fluid in the liquid wick 6 can fully exchange heat with the fuel rod 5.

[0047] The liquid collecting tank 7 may be located inside the evaporation section 1 , or outside the evaporation section 1 . The location of the liquid collecting tank 7 is flexible and may be selected according to needs.

[0048] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the liquid collecting tank 7 is located below the evaporation section 1 , and the liquid outlet end of the liquid pipeline 4 passes through the liquid collecting tank 7 and is inserted into the liquid wick 6 , so that part of the heat exchange fluid is supplied to the liquid wick 6 and part is collected in the liquid collecting tank 7 .

[0049] The wick 6 is separated between the inner space of the evaporation section 1 and the space of the liquid collecting tank 7 , and the wick 6 separates the two areas to ensure that the steam can only flow into the steam pipeline 2 toward the evaporation section 1 but cannot directly enter the liquid collecting tank 7 .

[0050] In some embodiments, the wick 6 is provided with an insert portion 64 , which is inserted into the liquid collecting tank 7 , so that the wick 6 is in full contact with the heat exchange fluid in the liquid collecting tank 7 , which helps to distribute the heat exchange fluid in the liquid collecting tank 7 in the wick 6 .

[0051] The plug-in portion 64 of the liquid wick 6 may be blocked between the evaporation section 1 and the liquid collecting tank 7 .

[0052] A connecting gap is provided between the evaporation section 1 and the liquid collecting tank 7, and a plug-in portion 64 of the liquid wick 6 is provided adjacent to the gap. The plug-in portion 64 passes through the gap between the evaporation section 1 and the liquid collecting tank 7 and enters the liquid collecting tank 7. The plug-in portion 64 can absorb the liquid in the liquid collecting tank 7 and transfer it to the liquid wick 6 on the surface of the fuel rod 5. The capillary force of the plug-in portion 64 is the source of the pressure difference between the evaporation section 1 and the liquid storage tank, and the pressure difference can drive the steam and condensed liquid to flow along the capillary line. The capillary line can be understood as the liquid wick 6 being a dense porous structure, and a capillary line is formed inside the liquid wick 6. The pressure difference required for the steam to flow through the steam pipeline 2, the condensation section 3, and the liquid pipeline 4 is the pressure difference generated by the capillary force of the liquid wick 6.

[0053] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the liquid outlet end of the liquid pipeline 4 is inserted into the evaporation section 1, and the liquid outlet end is inserted into the liquid absorbent core 6 and a gap is set between the liquid outlet end and the liquid absorbent core 6, so that the gas refluxed from the liquid outlet end can flow through the gap, preventing the non-condensable gas mixed in the refluxed heat exchange fluid from accumulating in the liquid absorbent core 6.

[0054] For example, the liquid outlet is inserted into the plug-in portion 64, and a gap is provided between the liquid outlet and the plug-in portion 64, so that the gaseous heat exchange fluid discharged from the liquid outlet flows through the gap.

[0055] The liquid pipeline passes through the liquid collecting tank 7 and is inserted into the liquid absorbent core 6 to ensure that the refluxed heat exchange fluid contacts the central part of the liquid absorbent core 6 at the first time; a certain gap is maintained between the liquid pipeline and the liquid absorbent core 6, and the liquid is gathered in the liquid collecting tank 7 under the driving force of the refluxed heat exchange fluid.

[0056] In some other embodiments, reference Figure 6 As shown, the liquid outlet is provided with a gas collecting groove 8, so as to connect the liquid outlet with the evaporation section 1 through the gas collecting groove 8, and the gaseous fluid discharged from the liquid outlet is collected through the gas collecting groove 8. The gaseous fluid includes non-condensable gas, which is collected in the gas collecting groove 8 to prevent the non-condensable gas from affecting the flow of the heat exchange fluid.

[0057] In some other embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the liquid wick 6 includes a first liquid wick 61 and a second liquid wick 62, a flow channel is provided between the first liquid wick 61 and the second liquid wick 62, the first liquid wick 61 is coated on the outside of the fuel rod 5, and the second liquid wick 62 is attached to the inner wall of the shell of the evaporation section 1. The double structure of the first liquid wick 61 and the second liquid wick 62 helps to evenly distribute the liquid heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section 1 to improve the evaporation capacity of the evaporation section 1. In addition, when the load device 10 corresponding to the loop heat pipe fails, at this time, the load device 10 cannot absorb heat from the condensation section 3, the fuel rod still provides heat, and the heat in the evaporation section 1 needs to be dissipated outward through the evaporation section 1. At this time, the heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section 1 can absorb heat from the fuel rod 5 through the first liquid absorption core 61, and the heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section 1 can release heat to the shell of the evaporation section 1 through the second liquid absorption core 62. The first liquid absorption core 61 can be understood as an evaporation liquid absorption core, and the second liquid absorption core 62 can be understood as a condensation liquid absorption core, thereby ensuring that the heat of the fuel rod 5 is fully utilized.

[0058] The wick 6 includes a wick bridge 63 , which connects the first wick 61 and the second wick 62 , so that the heat exchange fluid can flow between the first wick 61 and the second wick 62 , which helps the liquid heat exchange fluid to absorb heat and evaporate.

[0059] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in combination with the above, the wick 6 mainly includes two parts. The first wick 61 is located at the center of the evaporation section 1, generating a capillary pressure difference between the evaporation section 1 and the liquid collecting tank 7, driving the steam and liquid to flow in the loop; the second wick 62 is an annular thin layer, which is closely attached to the inner wall of the evaporation section 1. In some cases, reference Figure 6 As shown, the liquid outlet end of the liquid pipeline 4 passes through the liquid collecting tank 7 and is inserted into the first liquid absorbent core 61 to ensure that the refluxed heat exchange fluid contacts the first liquid absorbent core 61 at the first time; a certain gap is maintained between the liquid outlet end and the first liquid absorbent core 61, mainly to prevent the non-condensable gas mixed in the refluxed heat exchange fluid from accumulating in the first liquid absorbent core 61, so that it gathers in the liquid collecting tank 7 under the driving force of the heat exchange fluid.

[0060] In some cases, reference Figure 1 As shown, the plug-in portion 64 at the end of the liquid absorbent core 6 is used to extend into the liquid collecting tank 7, absorb liquid from the liquid collecting tank 7, and send it to the first liquid absorbent core 61 for evaporation through capillary force. The liquid pipeline 4 is inserted into the plug-in portion 64 to ensure that the refluxed heat exchange fluid contacts the liquid absorbent core 6 at the first time. A certain gap is maintained between the liquid outlet and the liquid absorbent core 6, mainly to prevent the non-condensable gas mixed in the refluxed liquid from accumulating in the liquid absorbent core 6, so that it is gathered in the liquid collecting tank 7 under the driving force of the refluxed liquid. It can also be used Figure 6The structure is such that a gas collecting groove 8 is arranged at the end of the liquid pipeline 4 and above the liquid absorption core 6. The gas collecting groove 8 has an opening connected to the liquid outlet end of the liquid pipeline 4. The gas collecting groove 8 serves as a special collection space for non-condensable gases.

[0061] In order to allow the liquid in the first liquid absorbent core 61 to be more smoothly transported to the surface of the annular second liquid absorbent core 62 for evaporation, a connecting liquid absorbent core bridge 63 is provided between the two to achieve liquid transport over a shorter distance between the two.

[0062] The above content describes the structure of an independent loop heat pipe. Next, the reactor structure formed by combining multiple loop heat pipes will be described.

[0063] The embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a loop heat pipe reactor is provided, comprising a heat conducting structure 9 and a plurality of loop heat pipes as described above, wherein the plurality of evaporation sections 1 conduct heat through the heat conducting structure 9 .

[0064] The fuel rod 5 is built into the evaporator section 1 of the loop heat pipe, and a plurality of loop heat pipes are combined to form a reactor system, so as to reduce the heat exchange temperature difference between the fuel rod 5 and the heat pipe. At the same time, the loop heat pipe has a small diameter and is easy to deform flexibly. The loop heat pipe reactor is applied to the thermoelectric conversion system 11, so as to realize compact and efficient heat exchange coupling between the loop heat pipe and the thermoelectric conversion system 11.

[0065] The evaporation sections 1 of the above multiple loop heat pipes can be combined together through the heat conducting structure 9, and the outer surface is coated with a reflective material, and a control rod or a control drum is inserted (the reflective material, control rod or control drum and other devices are not shown in the figure) to form a reactor system. Among them, the control rod or the control drum can be used to control the fuel rods in the multiple loop heat pipes.

[0066] The condensing section 3 of each loop heat pipe can exchange heat with one thermoelectric conversion system 11 at the same time, or can exchange heat with different thermoelectric conversion systems 11. That is, multiple condensing sections 3 can release heat to one load device 10 at the same time, or multiple condensing sections 3 can release heat to different load devices 10. However, it is not limited to one-to-one heat release, and can be one-to-one, many-to-one, many-to-many, etc.

[0067] In a loop heat pipe reactor, reference Figure 4 As shown, a heat-conducting structure 9 can be filled between the evaporation sections 1, so that heat exchange can be carried out between adjacent evaporation sections 1, making the temperature distribution of the entire reactor more uniform. A liquid wick 6 is provided on the inner wall surface of the evaporation section 1 of each loop heat pipe, and a liquid wick bridge 63 is provided between the second liquid wick 62 on the inner wall surface of the evaporation section 1 and the first liquid wick 61 on the surface of the fuel rod 5, so as to facilitate better flow of liquid between the two.

[0068] The third embodiment of the present invention refers to Figure 6 As shown, a heat exchange system is provided, including a load device 10 and a loop heat pipe as described above, wherein the condensing section 3 performs heat exchange with the load device 10. The condensing section 3 is used to supply heat to the load device 10. The loop heat pipe can adopt any of the above embodiments, and the structure of the loop heat pipe and the effects thereof can be referred to the above contents, which will not be described in detail here.

[0069] At least one condensation section 3 exchanges heat with one load device 10 , at least one condensation section 3 exchanges heat with another load device 10 , and the plurality of evaporation sections 1 conduct heat through the heat conducting structure 9 .

[0070] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a heat exchange system, including a load device 10 and the above loop heat pipe reactor, wherein the condensing section 3 performs heat exchange with the load device 10. The condensing section 3 is used to supply heat to the load device 10. The loop heat pipe reactor can adopt any of the above embodiments, and the structure of the loop heat pipe and the effects thereof can refer to the above contents, which will not be described in detail here.

[0071] The above is a heat exchange system provided by the third and fourth embodiments, in which the condensing section 3 can dissipate heat to the load device 10, which can be a generator, a water heater, a hot air blower, etc. The types of the load device 10 are various and are not limited here. Figure 6 As shown, when the load device 10 is a generator, such as a Stirling generator, a standing wave generator or other thermoacoustic generator, the condensing section 3 can be wrapped around the surface of the hot head of the Stirling generator, and the contact thermal resistance between the condensing section 3 and the hot head surface is reduced by a thermal interface material or welding. Of course, the condensing section 3 can also be a flow channel embedded in the high-temperature heat exchanger of the Stirling generator to achieve better heat exchange and achieve compact and efficient coupling in structure, thereby solving the problem of unsatisfactory heat exchange coupling structure between the straight cylindrical heat pipe and the high-temperature heat exchanger in the Stirling generator.

[0072] Among them, the Stirling generator includes a Stirling engine and a linear motor. The Stirling engine includes a high-temperature heat exchanger, a regenerator and a water cooler distributed in sequence along the axial direction. The water cooler, the regenerator and the high-temperature heat exchanger are all annular structures and are connected in sequence and arranged coaxially with the ejector. The high-temperature heat exchanger is heated, and the water cooler is kept at a lower temperature. An axial temperature gradient will be formed inside the regenerator. When the temperature gradient reaches a certain value, after excitation, the generator can maintain spontaneous acoustic oscillation inside and convert thermal energy into electrical energy output. The high-temperature heat exchanger is a key component of the Stirling generator. The high-temperature heat exchanger absorbs heat from the condensation section 3 as a load device 10. The heat pipe is used to supply heat to the Stirling generator. Combined with the characteristics of the small diameter of the loop heat pipe and easy flexible deformation, a compact and efficient structural coupling between the heat pipe and the high-temperature heat exchanger of the Stirling generator is achieved.

[0073] The Stirling generator includes two symmetrically arranged Stirling engines and two linear motors. The entire Stirling generator is arranged symmetrically to offset the vibration generated by the moving parts.

[0074] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loop heat pipe, characterized in that: It includes an evaporation section, a steam pipeline, a condensation section and a liquid pipeline which are connected in sequence to form a circulation loop. The circulation loop is used for the circulation of a heat exchange fluid. A fuel rod and a liquid wick are arranged in the evaporation section. The heat exchange fluid in the evaporation section can exchange heat with the fuel rod through the liquid wick.

2. The loop heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid absorbent core comprises a first liquid absorbent core and a second liquid absorbent core, a flow channel is arranged between the first liquid absorbent core and the second liquid absorbent core, the first liquid absorbent core is coated on the outer side of the fuel rod, and the second liquid absorbent core is attached to the inner wall of the shell of the evaporation section.

3. The loop heat pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The evaporation section is connected to a liquid collecting tank for containing the heat exchange fluid, the liquid collecting tank is in fluid communication with the liquid wick, and the liquid wick blocks the space in the evaporation section and the liquid collecting tank.

4. The loop heat pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid absorbent core is provided with an inserting portion, and the inserting portion is inserted into the liquid collecting tank.

5. The loop heat pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wick includes a wick bridge connecting the first wick and the second wick.

6. The loop heat pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid outlet end of the liquid pipeline is inserted into the evaporation section, and the liquid outlet end is inserted into the liquid absorbent core and a distance is set between the liquid outlet end and the liquid absorbent core, or the liquid outlet end is provided with an air collecting groove to connect the liquid outlet end and the evaporation section through the air collecting groove.

7. The loop heat pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the condensation section is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the evaporation section.

8. A loop heat pipe reactor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a heat-conducting structure and a plurality of loop heat pipes according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the plurality of evaporation sections conduct heat through the heat-conducting structure.

9. A heat exchange system, characterized in that: include: Load device; The loop heat pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 7, or the loop heat pipe reactor according to claim 8; Wherein, the condensation section exchanges heat with the load device.

10. The heat exchange system according to claim 9, characterized in that: At least one of the condensing sections exchanges heat with one of the load devices, at least one of the condensing sections exchanges heat with another of the load devices, and a plurality of the evaporating sections conduct heat through a heat-conducting structure.

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