Anaerobic bioreactor

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and discloses an anaerobic bioreactor, which comprises: a reaction shell; the reaction shell is hollow, a reaction space is formed in the reaction shell, the reaction shell is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, an air outlet, a circulating inlet and a circulating outlet, the liquid inlet, the liquid outlet, the air outlet, the circulating inlet and the circulating outlet are all communicated with the reaction space, the liquid inlet and the circulating inlet are formed in the bottom of the reaction shell at intervals, and the circulating inlet is communicated with the circulating outlet. The gas outlet and the liquid outlet are formed in the top of the reaction shell at intervals, and the circulating outlet is formed between the liquid inlet and the gas outlet; the liquid inlet is used for introducing mine acid wastewater, the liquid outlet is used for discharging treated wastewater, the gas outlet is used for discharging treated waste gas, and the circulating outlet and the circulating inlet can be communicated through a pipeline. As the circulating outlet and the circulating inlet are arranged, the contact frequency of the wastewater and the sulfate reducing bacteria is increased, and the reaction is more thorough. The structure is simple, construction cost is low, and maintenance is easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an anaerobic bioreactor. Background Art

[0002] Acid mine drainage is one of the inevitable environmental problems in the process of mineral resource mining. This kind of wastewater usually contains a large amount of heavy metal ions, sulfate and low pH value, which poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and human health. In the past few decades, the treatment technology of acid mine drainage has evolved from simple physical and chemical methods to complex biological treatment methods. With the development of biotechnology, biological treatment of acid mine drainage has gradually received attention. Biological methods use the metabolic activities of specific microorganisms to remove pollutants in wastewater. Among them, sulfate-reducing bacteria show great potential in the treatment of acid mine drainage. Sulfate-reducing bacteria can reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, which reacts with heavy metal ions in wastewater to form insoluble sulfide precipitates, thereby achieving the removal of heavy metals.

[0003] At present, there are still some challenges in the treatment of acid mine drainage with existing anaerobic bioreactors, such as long reactor startup time, large volume, and unsatisfactory removal of certain heavy metal ions. Therefore, research and development of new and efficient anaerobic bioreactors, optimization of operating conditions, and improvement of treatment efficiency are important research directions in the field of acid mine drainage treatment technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the pH value and reduce SO4 2- content and the effect of reducing heavy metal content.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an anaerobic bioreactor comprising: a reaction shell;

[0006] The reaction shell is hollow and has a reaction space therein. The reaction shell is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas outlet, a circulation inlet and a circulation outlet. The liquid inlet, the liquid outlet, the gas outlet, the circulation inlet and the circulation outlet are all connected to the reaction space. The liquid inlet and the circulation inlet are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the reaction shell, the gas outlet and the liquid outlet are arranged at intervals at the top of the reaction shell, and the circulation outlet is arranged between the liquid inlet and the gas outlet.

[0007] The liquid inlet is used to connect the acidic wastewater from the mine, the liquid outlet is used to discharge the treated wastewater, the gas outlet is used to discharge the treated waste gas, and the circulation outlet and the circulation inlet can be connected through a pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, the anaerobic bioreactor further comprises a cooling shell, in which a cooling space for providing a constant temperature environment for the reaction space is arranged, and the reaction space is at least partially accommodated in the cooling space.

[0009] Furthermore, the reaction space is entirely contained in the cooling space.

[0010] Furthermore, the cooling shell is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and both the water inlet and the water outlet are communicated with the cooling shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the cooling shell, and the water outlet is arranged at the top of the cooling shell.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple circulation outlets, which are arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the reaction shell along the extension direction of the reaction shell, and the multiple circulation outlets are all connected to the circulation inlet through pipelines.

[0013] Furthermore, the interval between adjacent circulation outlets is 10 cm to 30 cm.

[0014] Furthermore, the anaerobic bioreactor also includes a control valve, which is installed at the circulation outlet and is used to control whether the circulation outlet can flow.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of control valves corresponds to the number of circulation outlets, and each control valve is installed at a corresponding circulation outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the reaction shell is also provided with a sampling port, which is communicated with the reaction space.

[0017] A control method for an anaerobic bioreactor is used to control the above anaerobic bioreactor, open a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet, a gas outlet and a circulation inlet, and only open a control valve corresponding to one of the multiple circulation outlets each time, while closing the control valves corresponding to the remaining circulation outlets.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the anaerobic bioreactor of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) sulfate-reducing bacteria in the reaction space can reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen sulfide reacts with heavy metal ions in wastewater to generate insoluble sulfide precipitates, thereby achieving the removal of heavy metals; the exhaust gas generated by the reaction is discharged through the gas outlet to avoid excessive pressure in the reaction shell; and because the liquid inlet is arranged at the bottom of the reaction shell and the liquid outlet is arranged at the top of the reaction shell, the insoluble sulfide precipitates are discharged from the liquid outlet, and water flow obstruction is not likely to occur.

[0019] (2) In the embodiment of the present invention, since a circulation outlet and a circulation inlet are provided, the number of times that wastewater contacts sulfate-reducing bacteria is increased, making the reaction more thorough.

[0020] (3) The structure is simple, the construction cost is low, and maintenance only requires cleaning the inside of the reaction shell, which is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1Schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention

[0022] Figure 2 is the first state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is the second state of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is the third state of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure, 1, reaction shell; 11, reaction space; 12, liquid inlet; 13, liquid outlet; 14, gas outlet; 15, circulation inlet; 16, circulation outlet; 17, liquid extraction port;

[0026] 2. Cooling shell; 21. Cooling space; 22. Water inlet; 23. Water outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "horizontal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" used in the present invention to indicate the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] like Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, an anaerobic bioreactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises: a reaction shell 1;

[0031] The reaction shell 1 is hollow and has a reaction space 11 therein. The reaction shell 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 12, a liquid outlet 13, a gas outlet 14, a circulation inlet 15 and a circulation outlet 16. The liquid inlet 12, the liquid outlet 13, the gas outlet 14, the circulation inlet 15 and the circulation outlet 16 are all connected to the reaction space 11. The liquid inlet 12 and the circulation inlet 15 are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the reaction shell 1, the gas outlet 14 and the liquid outlet 13 are arranged at intervals at the top of the reaction shell 1, and the circulation outlet 16 is arranged between the liquid inlet 12 and the gas outlet 14;

[0032] The liquid inlet 12 is used to receive acidic mine wastewater, the liquid outlet 13 is used to discharge treated wastewater, the gas outlet 14 is used to discharge treated waste gas, and the circulation outlet 16 and the circulation inlet 15 can be connected through a pipeline.

[0033] Based on the above scheme, the sulfate-reducing bacteria in the reaction space 11 of this embodiment can reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen sulfide reacts with heavy metal ions in wastewater to generate insoluble sulfide precipitates, thereby achieving the removal of heavy metals. The gas outlet 14 discharges the waste gas generated by the reaction to avoid excessive pressure in the reaction shell 1. Moreover, since the liquid inlet 12 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction shell 1 and the liquid outlet 13 is arranged at the top of the reaction shell 1, the insoluble sulfide precipitates are discharged from the liquid outlet 13, and it is not easy to have a situation where the water flow is not smooth. In addition, since the circulation outlet 16 and the circulation inlet 15 are provided, the wastewater can flow out from the circulation outlet 16 and flow back to the bottom of the reaction space 11 through the circulation inlet 15, so that the wastewater that has not reacted completely can be further treated, and the number of times the wastewater contacts with the sulfate-reducing bacteria is increased, so that the reaction is more thorough. The structure is simple, the construction cost is low, and the maintenance only needs to clean the inside of the reaction shell 1, which is simple to maintain.

[0034] Preferably, the anaerobic bioreactor also includes a cooling shell 2, in which a cooling space 21 for maintaining a constant temperature environment for the reaction space 11 is provided. The reaction shell 1 is at least partially accommodated in the cooling space 21. Preferably, the reaction space 11 provided with sulfate-reducing bacteria is entirely accommodated in the cooling space 21 to ensure that the biochemical reaction of the sulfate-reducing bacteria can be carried out under optimal temperature conditions. By adjusting the temperature in the cooling space 21, the reaction speed can be stabilized and the sulfate treatment effect can be improved.

[0035] Preferably, the cooling shell 2 is provided with a water inlet 22 and a water outlet 23, and the water inlet 22 and the water outlet 23 are both connected to the cooling shell 2. In the anaerobic bioreactor, acid mine wastewater enters the reaction space 11 through the liquid inlet 12. In the reaction space 11, the acid mine wastewater reacts with the microorganisms to produce treated wastewater and waste gas. The treated wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet 13, and the waste gas is discharged through the gas outlet 14. At the same time, in order to maintain the constant temperature environment of the reaction space 11, cooling water enters the cooling shell 2 through the water inlet 22, absorbs the heat released by the reaction space 11, and flows out from the water outlet 23. Through the design of the water inlet 22 and the water outlet 23, the cooling shell 2 forms a complete water circulation loop, which not only provides a stable constant temperature environment for the reaction space 11, but also ensures that the heat in the reaction process can be taken away in a timely and effective manner, which helps to maintain the optimal temperature conditions for the biochemical reaction.

[0036] Preferably, the water inlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling shell 2, and the water outlet 23 is arranged at the top of the cooling shell 2. The water inlet 22 is arranged at the bottom of the cooling shell 2, and the water outlet 23 is arranged at the top of the cooling shell 2. The liquid inlet 12 and the circulation inlet 15 are arranged at the bottom of the reaction shell 1 at intervals, and the liquid outlet 13 is arranged at the top of the reaction shell 1. The cooling water enters from the bottom of the anaerobic bioreactor and flows in the same direction as the wastewater that needs to be cooled. As the cooling water and the wastewater move forward together in the heat exchanger, heat exchange will occur between them, and the cooling speed is relatively fast, because the cooling water and the wastewater have a large temperature difference in the initial stage, which is conducive to the rapid transfer of heat.

[0037] like Figure 2 to Figure 4 As shown, preferably, there are multiple circulation outlets 16 , which are arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the reaction shell 1 along the extension direction of the reaction shell 1 , and the multiple circulation outlets 16 are all connected to the circulation inlet 15 through pipelines.

[0038] There are multiple circulation outlets 16 to improve the circulation efficiency and mixing uniformity of the reaction liquid in the reaction space 11. By increasing the number of circulation outlets 16, the wastewater can be in a circulation loop from different circulation outlets 16 to the circulation inlet 15, ensuring that the wastewater and sulfate-reducing bacteria can fully contact each other, thereby enhancing the contact opportunity between the reactants and the microorganisms and improving the rate and efficiency of the biochemical reaction. By adjusting the water outlets 16, the flow rate in the anaerobic bioreactor can be controlled, and the flow path of the reaction liquid can be further optimized to meet the needs of different treatment processes.

[0039] Preferably, the interval between adjacent circulation outlets 16 is 10 cm to 30 cm. In this embodiment, the interval between each circulation outlet 16 is 20 cm. It can ensure that the wastewater flows out from different circulation outlets 16 and flows back to the bottom of the reaction space 11 through the circulation inlet 15, so that the wastewater is treated to different degrees.

[0040] Preferably, the anaerobic bioreactor further includes a control valve, which is installed at the circulation outlet 16, and is used to control whether the circulation outlet 16 can flow. The number of control valves corresponds to the number of circulation outlets 16, and each control valve is installed at the corresponding circulation outlet 16. The anaerobic bioreactor is equipped with a control valve at the circulation outlet 16, so that the operator of the bioreactor can adjust the flow state of each circulation outlet 16 through the control valve, thereby realizing accurate control of the circulation flow of the reaction solution.

[0041] Preferably, the reaction shell 1 is also provided with a sampling port, which is connected to the reaction space 11. The operator can take out a sample of the reaction liquid from the inside of the reaction space 11 through the sampling port for subsequent laboratory analysis, which may include the determination of chemical composition, identification of microbial populations, and evaluation of biochemical reaction rates. Through regular or irregular sampling and analysis, the operator can understand the biochemical reaction process in the anaerobic bioreactor, discover and solve possible problems in a timely manner, thereby ensuring that the wastewater treatment effect reaches the expected effect.

[0042] like Figure 2 to Figure 4 As shown, a control method for an anaerobic bioreactor is used to control the above-mentioned anaerobic bioreactor, open the liquid inlet 12, the liquid outlet 13, the gas outlet 14 and the circulation inlet 15, and only open the control valve corresponding to one of the multiple circulation outlets 16 each time, and the control valves corresponding to the remaining circulation outlets 16 are closed.

[0043] Among the multiple circulation outlets 16, only one is opened at a time, and the other circulation outlets 16 remain closed. This selective opening method can ensure that the fluid flow inside the reactor has a certain directionality and fluidity, while preventing too much fluid from flowing to the circulation inlet 15, resulting in a decrease in treatment effect.

[0044] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides an anaerobic bioreactor, in which sulfate-reducing bacteria in the reaction space 11 can reduce sulfate to hydrogen sulfide, and hydrogen sulfide reacts with heavy metal ions in wastewater to generate insoluble sulfide precipitates, thereby achieving the removal of heavy metals. The gas outlet 14 discharges the waste gas generated by the reaction to avoid excessive pressure in the reaction shell 1. Moreover, since the liquid inlet 12 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction shell 1 and the liquid outlet 13 is arranged at the top of the reaction shell 1, the insoluble sulfide precipitates are discharged from the liquid outlet 13, and it is not easy to have a situation where the water flow is not smooth. In the embodiment of the present invention, since the circulation outlet 16 and the circulation inlet 15 are provided, the number of times the wastewater contacts the sulfate-reducing bacteria is increased, so that the reaction is more thorough. The structure is simple, the construction cost is low, and the maintenance only requires cleaning the inside of the reaction shell 1, which is simple to maintain.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anaerobic bioreactor, characterized in that: include: Reaction shell (1); The reaction shell (1) is hollow and has a reaction space (11) therein. The reaction shell (1) is provided with a liquid inlet (12), a liquid outlet (13), a gas outlet (14), a circulation inlet (15) and a circulation outlet (16). The liquid inlet (12), the liquid outlet (13), the gas outlet (14), the circulation inlet (15) and the circulation outlet (16) are all in communication with the reaction space (11). The liquid inlet (12) and the circulation inlet (15) are arranged at intervals at the bottom of the reaction shell (1). The gas outlet (14) and the liquid outlet (13) are arranged at intervals at the top of the reaction shell (1). The circulation outlet (16) is arranged between the liquid inlet (12) and the gas outlet (14). The liquid inlet (12) is used to receive acidic mine wastewater, the liquid outlet (13) is used to discharge treated wastewater, the gas outlet (14) is used to discharge treated waste gas, and the circulation outlet (16) and the circulation inlet (15) can be connected through a pipeline.

2. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a cooling shell (2), wherein a cooling space (21) for providing a constant temperature environment for the reaction space (11) is provided in the cooling shell (2), and the reaction shell (1) is at least partially accommodated in the cooling space (21).

3. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reaction space (11) is entirely contained in the cooling space (21).

4. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling shell (2) is provided with a water inlet (22) and a water outlet (23), and the water inlet (22) and the water outlet (23) are both connected to the cooling shell (2).

5. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water inlet (22) is arranged at the bottom of the cooling shell (2), and the water outlet (23) is arranged at the top of the cooling shell (2).

6. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of circulation outlets (16), and the plurality of circulation outlets (16) are arranged at intervals on the outer wall of the reaction shell (1) along the extension direction of the reaction shell (1), and the plurality of circulation outlets (16) are all able to communicate with the circulation inlet (15) through a pipeline.

7. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interval between adjacent circulation outlets (16) is 10 cm to 30 cm.

8. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also comprises a control valve, which is installed at the circulation outlet (16) and is used to control whether the circulation outlet (16) can flow.

9. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the control valves corresponds to the number of the circulation outlets (16) one by one, and each control valve is installed at a corresponding circulation outlet (16).

10. The anaerobic bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction housing (1) is also provided with a sampling port, and the sampling port is connected to the reaction space (11).

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