Pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis and carbonization, and provides a pyrolysis and carbonization process based on parallel equipment, which comprises the following steps: S10, transferring a plurality of pyrolysis kettles filled with raw materials into a plurality of drying furnaces arranged in parallel for drying treatment, and drying and evaporating moisture in the pyrolysis kettles; s20, the multiple pyrolysis kettles obtained after drying treatment are moved into multiple pyrolysis furnaces arranged in parallel for pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination of the raw materials; wherein high-temperature flue gas in the pyrolyzing furnace is introduced into the drying furnace to provide heat. According to the technical scheme, the problems that the temperature of the pyrolyzing furnace arranged in series is controlled within the temperature range of a single functional area, the pyrolyzing furnace cannot cross the temperature ranges of several carbonization functional areas, workers need to frequently hoist and change the pyrolyzing kettle to adapt to different temperature areas, and safety accidents are increased are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pyrolysis carbonization, and in particular to a pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment. Background Art

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis carbonization refers to the process of decomposing biomass raw materials (such as wood, crop residues, livestock and poultry manure, etc.) into various products such as biochar, combustible gas, vinegar and biooil under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. After the earth kiln process was abolished, the pyrolysis carbonization system usually uses a series processing method, which is characterized by different and relatively stable temperatures in each pyrolysis furnace, which is suitable for different functions of pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination. Therefore, in the actual processing process, there is a restriction that the temperature of each pyrolysis furnace is controlled within the temperature range of a single functional zone and cannot cross the temperature range of several carbonization functional zones. The pyrolysis kettle with raw materials needs to be placed in each pyrolysis furnace with different functions in sequence. In this process, the staff needs to frequently lift and replace the pyrolysis kettle to adapt to different temperature zones, which increases the risk of safety accidents such as gas poisoning, fire and high temperature burns. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment, which solves the problem that the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace arranged in series is controlled within the temperature range of a single functional zone and cannot span the temperature ranges of several carbonization functional zones. Workers are required to frequently lift and replace the pyrolysis kettle to adapt to different temperature zones, which increases the problem of safety accidents.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment is used to pyrolyze and carbonize raw materials, including the following steps: S10: moving multiple pyrolysis kettles filled with raw materials into multiple parallel drying furnaces for drying treatment; S20: moving the multiple pyrolysis kettles after drying treatment into multiple parallel pyrolysis furnaces respectively to pre-carbonize, pyrolyze and calcine the raw materials; wherein, the high-temperature flue gas in the pyrolysis furnace is introduced into the drying furnace for treatment to provide heat.

[0005] Optionally, the method further comprises the steps of: S11: occurs after step S10. Step S11 is to finally control the temperature of the pyrolysis kettle in the drying furnace to be T, 100° C. ≤ T ≤ 150° C., so that the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle produce a type of wood vinegar.

[0006] Optionally, the method further comprises the steps of: S30: The raw fuel gas generated by the pyrolysis kettle is processed and separated to generate wood vinegar, biomass oil and pyrolysis gas.

[0007] Optionally, the step S30 includes: S301: Cooling the raw gas to form liquid wood vinegar and biomass oil and low-temperature gaseous pure gas; Optionally, the step S30 further includes: S302: separating the wood vinegar and the biomass oil and storing them separately; Among them, the wood vinegar is circulated and used as a circulating coolant in the water washing tower and the condensing tower; the separated biomass oil is transported to the biomass oil pool for storage, and transported to the pyrolysis furnace for combustion and heat supply as needed.

[0008] Optionally, the pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination in step S20 are specifically as follows: The pyrolysis gas and biomass oil, or only the pyrolysis gas, are transported to the pyrolysis furnace as a combustion medium to provide heat for the pyrolysis and carbonization of the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle.

[0009] Optionally, the method further comprises the steps of: S40: denitrifying the high-temperature flue gas from the plurality of parallel pyrolysis furnaces; wherein the denitrified flue gas is transported to the plurality of parallel drying furnaces to provide heat.

[0010] Optionally, the method further comprises the steps of: S50: Treat and discharge the low-temperature flue gas discharged from the drying furnace.

[0011] Optionally, the method further comprises the steps of: S21: introducing room temperature air into the pyrolysis furnace to cool down the pyrolysis furnace and the pyrolysis kettle.

[0012] Optionally, the method further comprises the steps of: S22: pouring out the charcoal in the pyrolysis kettle after the temperature has been lowered, and refilling the pyrolysis kettle with raw materials for recycling.

[0013] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, logs can be raw materials, machine-made rods, and other types of biomass raw materials suitable for carbonization with a certain shape. In this scheme, logs are taken as an example. After the logs are naturally air-dried to a moisture content of no more than 30%, they are sorted to remove impurities, cut to a diameter of less than 10 cm and a length of less than 50 cm, and loaded into the pyrolysis kettle. No combustion chamber is set at the bottom of the drying furnace. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace introduced from the bottom is used to provide heat for drying. The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas gradually decreases during the process of passing the high-temperature flue gas to the drying furnace. The gas generated by the logs in the pyrolysis kettle is collected during the drying process. The high-temperature flue gas entering and exiting the drying furnace is controlled by a valve. After the logs are dried, the flue gas inlet and outlet valves of the drying furnace are closed, and the pyrolysis kettle is lifted out of the drying furnace. The pyrolysis kettle with the internal logs dried is lifted into multiple parallel pyrolysis furnaces by a crane for pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination of the logs. The advantage of the parallel connection of pyrolysis furnaces is that each pyrolysis furnace and drying furnace is relatively independent. If a single pyrolysis furnace or drying furnace has a problem, it will not cause the entire system to shut down, and the impact on production capacity is small. Compared with the series type, the capacity scale is less limited and it is more suitable for large-scale production. Under the same scale, the system occupies a smaller area, and the system gas and flue gas are controlled by valves, which can be remotely controlled to reduce the labor intensity of workers. Each pyrolysis furnace can independently control the temperature in its own furnace without interfering with each other, which is conducive to controlling product quality. In addition, the pre-carbonization, carbonization, calcination and cooling process of logs can be completed in one pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis kettle does not need to be frequently lifted and replaced in different temperature zones, which can avoid safety accidents such as gas poisoning, fire and high temperature burns, and has high safety performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The preferred implementation modes will be described below in a clear and understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings to further illustrate the above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation methods of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. pyrolysis kettle; 2. drying furnace; 3. pyrolysis furnace; 4. combustion chamber; 5. first pipeline; 6. denitrification device; 7. gas purification system; 8. second pipeline; 9. Class I wood vinegar; 10. Class II wood vinegar; 11. biomass oil; 12. pyrolysis gas; 13. bag filter; 14. third pipeline; 15. fourth pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] In order to simplify the drawings, only the parts related to the invention are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, in some figures, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one", and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0019] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment is proposed, which is used for pyrolysis carbonization of raw materials, including the following steps: Step S10: moving multiple pyrolysis kettles 1 filled with raw materials into multiple parallel-arranged drying furnaces 2 for drying treatment; Step S20: moving the multiple dried pyrolysis kettles 1 into multiple parallel-arranged pyrolysis furnaces 3 respectively for pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination of the raw materials; wherein, the high-temperature flue gas in the pyrolysis furnace 3 is introduced into the drying furnace 2 to provide heat.

[0022] In this embodiment, biomass pyrolysis refers to the process of converting biomass into low molecular weight substances such as charcoal, liquid and gas through thermochemical conversion under the condition of isolating air or supplying a small amount of air. The gas product is a mixture of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which is called pyrolysis gas. The raw material can be logs, machine rods, and other types of biomass raw materials suitable for carbonization with a certain shape. In this scheme, logs are taken as an example. After the logs are naturally air-dried to a moisture content of no more than 30%, they are sorted and impurities are removed, and then cut to a diameter of less than 10 cm and a length of less than 50 cm, and loaded into the pyrolysis kettle 1. The bottom of the drying furnace 2 is not provided with a combustion chamber 4. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the pyrolysis furnace 3 introduced from the bottom is used to provide heat for drying. The temperature of the high-temperature flue gas gradually decreases during the process of passing the high-temperature flue gas to the drying furnace 2. The gas generated by the logs in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is collected during the drying process. The high-temperature flue gas in and out of the drying furnace 2 is controlled by a valve. After the logs are dried, the flue gas inlet and outlet valves of the drying furnace 2 are closed, and the pyrolysis kettle 1 is lifted out of the drying furnace 2. The pyrolysis kettle 1 with the internal logs dried is lifted into multiple parallel pyrolysis furnaces 3 by a crane for pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination of the logs. The advantage of the parallel setting of the pyrolysis furnace 3 is that each pyrolysis furnace 3 and the drying furnace 2 are relatively independent. If a single pyrolysis furnace 3 or drying furnace 2 has a problem, it will not cause the entire system to stop, and the impact on production capacity is small. Compared with the series type, the capacity scale is less limited and it is more suitable for large-scale production; under the same scale, the system occupies a smaller area, and the system gas and flue gas are controlled by valves, which can be remotely controlled to reduce the labor intensity of workers. Each pyrolysis furnace 3 can independently control the temperature in its own furnace without interfering with each other, which is conducive to controlling product quality, and can complete the pre-carbonization, carbonization, calcination and cooling process of logs in one pyrolysis furnace 3.

[0023] Specifically, the principle of achieving pre-carbonization, carbonization and calcination is that: multiple pyrolysis furnaces 3 are arranged in parallel, and the temperatures between them are not limited to a fixed temperature range. When the pyrolysis kettle 1 filled with logs is placed in a pyrolysis furnace 3, the temperature of each pyrolysis furnace 3 can be controlled individually.

[0024] A combustion chamber 4 and a combustible gas burner are provided at the bottom of each pyrolysis furnace 3. The temperature in the combustion chamber 4 can be controlled by controlling the amount of gas introduced into the burner, including but not limited to a common device for controlling the amount of gas introduced into the burner, which includes a gas regulating valve. The gas regulating valve can automatically adjust the valve opening according to the set signal, accurately change the gas delivery flow rate, thereby realizing the control of the amount of gas introduced into the burner, and then regulating the temperature of the combustion chamber 4.

[0025] Preferably, each pyrolysis kettle 1 is provided with an online temperature detection device on the top, such as a thermocouple temperature sensor, a thermal resistor temperature sensor or an infrared temperature sensor, to detect the temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 in real time. According to the temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1, the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber 4 is controlled by controlling the amount of gas introduced into the combustible gas burner, thereby achieving the control of the temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1.

[0026] Approximately: The temperature in the pyrolysis reactor 1 is ~150°C. During the drying stage, the water contained in the raw materials evaporates and is discharged through a pipeline or recycled by condensation.

[0027] The temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is between 150 and 270°C. This stage is the pre-carbonization stage. In this stage, the thermal decomposition reaction of the raw materials is relatively obvious, producing a large amount of gaseous wood vinegar and a small amount of fuel gas mixture.

[0028] The temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is between 270 and 450°C, which is the carbonization stage. The raw materials are rapidly thermally decomposed to generate a large amount of biomass oil, wood vinegar and a gaseous mixture of fuel gas.

[0029] The temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is 450~600℃, which is the calcination stage. The pyrolysis products (mainly biomass oil, wood vinegar and gas) produced in this stage are very few, and the main purpose is to discharge the volatile substances remaining in the charcoal and increase the fixed carbon content in the charcoal.

[0030] Therefore, the pyrolysis kettle 1 does not need to be frequently lifted and replaced in different temperature zones, which can avoid safety accidents such as gas poisoning, fire and high-temperature burns, and has high safety performance.

[0031] Furthermore, the method further comprises the step: S11: finally controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis kettle 1 in the drying furnace 2 to be T, 100° C.≤T≤150° C., so that the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle 1 produce a type of wood vinegar 9.

[0032] In this embodiment, the drying furnace 2 is arranged in parallel, and the temperature in the drying furnace 2 and the exhaust temperature of the flue gas are controlled by adjusting the number of the drying furnaces through which the high-temperature flue gas passes, which not only ensures that the sensible heat of the high-temperature flue gas is fully recovered, but also ensures that the logs in the drying furnace 2 are only dried and preheated for preliminary heating, but no combustible gas is produced, which can avoid poisoning accidents and improve the safety of the system. By controlling the temperature in the drying furnace 2, a higher-quality wood vinegar 9 can be extracted. The wood vinegar referred to here is wood vinegar produced at an ambient temperature below 150°C. As a preferred embodiment, the temperature of the drying furnace 2 needs to be controlled at about 200°C, so that the temperature of the pyrolysis kettle 1 gradually rises and is finally controlled between 100°C and 150°C. When the temperature is higher, it may cause the raw materials in the kettle to be pyrolyzed and carbonized, producing combustible gas and biomass oil. Wood vinegar is mainly a liquid product obtained by condensing and separating the steam gas mixture derived during the pyrolysis of the raw materials. The pyrolysis process of the raw materials is accompanied by changes in the reaction temperature, and the composition of the collected wood vinegar is also different. When the temperature of the steam gas generated during the pyrolysis of the raw material is about 90°C (generally, it starts to be collected at 82°C, with a strong smoke aroma), the generated gas begins to be collected, and after cooling, it becomes a type of wood vinegar 9. When the temperature is greater than 150°C, the collection is stopped, and the collection method is. By using this method, a high-concentration, large-quantity wood vinegar can be obtained, and it does not contain biomass oil, which increases the variety of products. Above this temperature, the vinegar will contain biomass oil components.

[0033] That is, the temperature of the drying furnace 2 is controlled to be no more than 200°C. When the temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 in the drying furnace 2 rises to about 90°C (generally 82°C), the evaporated water is collected. The collected water of about 90°C-150°C is condensed to form a type of wood vinegar 9. When the temperature of the pyrolysis kettle 1 is higher than 150°C, the collection of the type of wood vinegar 9 is stopped. The pyrolysis kettle 1 is further moved from the drying furnace to the pyrolysis furnace to continue heating and heating. As the temperature rises, the logs in the pyrolysis kettle enter the pyrolysis carbonization stage, and a crude gas is generated, which contains a type of wood vinegar 10 (wherein the type of wood vinegar 10 refers to the crude gas containing biomass oil and wood vinegar generated at a temperature above 200°C, and the wood vinegar obtained after the biomass oil and gas are removed and separated) and biomass oil. In summary, the drying furnace 2 can not only collect a type of wood vinegar 9, but also has the function of preheating raw materials.

[0034] It should be noted that wood vinegar is a mixture with a rather complex composition, the main component of which is water, followed by organic acids, phenols, alcohols and ketones. The wood vinegar collected below 80℃ is mostly water (accounting for more than 97%), and the proportion of organic acids, phenols, alcohols and other substances is very small (about less than 3%). When collected at 80~150℃, after most of the water below 80℃ is precipitated in the early stage, the moisture in the wood decreases (accounting for about 40%). At this time, the proportion of organic acids and other phenols, alcohols and other components in the collected wood vinegar increases (approximately increasing to more than 60%); wood vinegar is collected above 150℃, because above 150℃, the biomass raw materials begin to pyrolyze, and the biomass oil and its decomposition products will dissolve into the wood vinegar (organic impurities can reach about 30%). The wood vinegar needs to be separated and processed when it is used. It should be noted that the above-mentioned proportion data is affected by many factors such as the type of raw materials (such as different woods), preparation process, equipment conditions, etc. It is for reference of experimental data here, which only shows the changes in the collected components of wood vinegar at different temperatures, and provides guidance for the quality of wood vinegar collection.

[0035] It should be noted that the above-mentioned percentage data are affected by many factors such as raw material type (such as different woods), preparation process, equipment conditions, etc., and are provided here as reference for experimental data. They only indicate the collected composition of wood vinegar at different temperatures, and provide guidance for the quality of wood vinegar collection.

[0036] Furthermore, the method further includes the step: S30: treating and separating the raw fuel gas generated by the pyrolysis kettle 1 to generate Class II wood vinegar 10, biomass oil 11 and pyrolysis gas 12. Step S30 includes: S301: cooling the raw fuel gas to form liquid Class II wood vinegar 10, biomass oil 11 and low-temperature gaseous pure fuel gas 12; Step S30 also includes: S302: separating the Class II wood vinegar 10 and the biomass oil 11 and storing them separately; wherein the Class II wood vinegar 10 is recycled as a circulating coolant for a water washing tower and a condensing tower; the separated biomass oil 11 is transported to a biomass oil pool for storage, and transported to the pyrolysis furnace 3 for combustion and heat supply as needed.

[0037] In this embodiment, the gaseous mixed gas containing biomass oil, wood vinegar and fuel gas generated at each stage during the pyrolysis process is the crude fuel gas. The separation principle of each substance in the crude fuel gas is as follows: as the fuel gas temperature decreases, the biomass oil and wood vinegar vapor in the crude fuel gas cool down and condense into a liquid biomass oil and wood vinegar mixture, which enters the vinegar buffer pool. In the vinegar buffer pool, the wood vinegar and biomass oil are separated by standing, and are separated into a tar layer and a vinegar layer due to density differences. The wood vinegar can be directly sold as a crude vinegar liquid by extracting it from the vinegar layer, or it can be distilled and processed to sell refined wood vinegar, or it can be added with other ingredients to make high value-added products to increase system revenue. The biomass oil extracted from the tar layer can be sold as a product, or it can be transported to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis furnace for combustion. The time required for the refined separation of wood vinegar and biomass oil is relatively long, and separation equipment can also be used for separation, such as a centrifugal oil-water separator, a filtering oil-water separator, etc.

[0038] Specifically, one of the reference examples is as follows: the high-temperature raw gas enters the water washing tower and directly contacts with the low-temperature Class II wood vinegar 10 to perform preliminary cooling of the high-temperature raw gas. The raw gas after preliminary cooling successively enters the primary condensation tower and the secondary condensation tower (in the actual process, it is not limited to the two-stage condensation tower, and a multi-stage condensation tower can be set according to the actual situation) to repeatedly contact with the low-temperature Class II wood vinegar 10 for further cooling. At the same time, the biomass oil 11 in the raw gas is further removed and separated. Then, the raw gas is indirectly contacted with the circulating cooling water. The Class II wood vinegar 10 in the raw gas is condensed into liquid as the temperature of the raw gas decreases. The Class II wood vinegar 10 and the biomass oil 11 condensed into liquid are separated and returned to the raw gas. The raw fuel gas that has been cooled to room temperature is the pyrolysis gas 12. The second type of wood vinegar 10 is one of the main products in the process of log pyrolysis and carbonization (stored separately from the first type of wood vinegar 9). It is mixed in the raw fuel gas in a gaseous form and enters the fuel gas purification system 7 together with the raw fuel gas to cool and purify the raw fuel gas generated by the pyrolysis kettle 1. As the temperature of the raw fuel gas decreases, the second type of wood vinegar 10 and the biomass oil 11 are gradually condensed into liquids, discharged from the bottom of the water washing tower, the condensing tower, the intercooler and other equipment, and enter the circulating liquid buffer pool. In the buffer pool, the second type of wood vinegar 10 and the biomass oil 11 are initially separated by standing, and the second type of wood vinegar 10 is circulated and used as a circulating coolant for the water washing tower and the condensing tower. As production proceeds, the amount of Class II wood vinegar 10 and biomass oil 11 gradually increases. When the storage capacity of the circulating buffer pool reaches a certain amount, the Class II wood vinegar 10 and biomass oil 11 mixture in the buffer pool is further separated through an oil-water separator, and the separated Class II wood vinegar 10 is transported to the wood vinegar buffer pool for temporary storage, and then transported to the wood vinegar storage tank for storage; the separated biomass oil 11 enters the biomass oil pool for storage, and is transported to each pyrolysis furnace 3 for combustion and heat supply according to production needs. If permitted, part of the biomass oil 11 can be introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 3 to assist in combustion and heat supply, which can reduce the use of pure gas and can be used for other functions such as power generation, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0039] Furthermore, the pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination in step S20 are specifically as follows: the pyrolysis gas 12 and the biomass oil 11, or only the pyrolysis gas 12, are transported to the pyrolysis furnace 3 as a combustion medium to provide heat for the pyrolysis and carbonization of the logs in the pyrolysis kettle 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, a combustion chamber 4 is provided at the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace 3, and pyrolysis gas 12 and biomass oil 11, or only pyrolysis gas 12 is transported to the pyrolysis furnace 3 as a combustion medium, to provide heat for the pyrolysis carbonization of the logs in the pyrolysis kettle 1. The pyrolysis furnace 3 has a combustion chamber 4 at the bottom, and the combustion chamber 4 is provided with a raw gas burner and a biomass oil burner, and the self-produced raw gas and biomass oil 11 are burned to generate heat to heat the pyrolysis kettle 1. By controlling the combustion of raw gas and biomass oil, the pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination of the logs in the pyrolysis kettle 1 are completed in the same pyrolysis furnace 3, thereby improving the energy utilization rate.

[0041] Furthermore, the method further includes the step: S40: denitrifying the high-temperature flue gas from the plurality of parallel pyrolysis furnaces 3, wherein the denitrified flue gas is transported to the plurality of parallel drying furnaces 2 to provide heat.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the high-temperature flue gases from a plurality of parallel pyrolysis furnaces 3 are collected, the flue gas temperature is about 350° C.-400° C. and is transported to the SCR reactor for denitrification treatment to meet environmental protection requirements.

[0043] Furthermore, the method further comprises the step: S50: treating and discharging the low-temperature flue gas discharged from the drying furnace 2 .

[0044] In this embodiment, as a preferred method, the treatment and emission can be specifically to transport the collected low-temperature flue gas to the bag filter 13 through a pipeline. The bag filter 13 can remove most of the particulate matter in the flue gas, including fine dust and ash, reduce the emission of particulate matter to the environment, and reduce air pollution. The flue gas purified by the bag filter 13 is extracted from the bag filter 13 by the flue gas induced draft fan and sent to subsequent processing equipment or directly discharged. The flue gas induced draft fan ensures the stability of the flue gas flow and prevents poor emission due to pressure changes. By controlling the flue gas flow rate, the operating efficiency of the entire system is optimized. The flue gas treated by the bag filter 13 and the flue gas induced draft fan is finally discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney or other discharge outlets.

[0045] Furthermore, the method further includes the following steps: S21, introducing room temperature air into the pyrolysis furnace 3 as required to cool down the pyrolysis furnace 3 and the pyrolysis kettle 1; S22, pouring out the charcoal in the pyrolysis kettle 1 after cooling and sending it into a charcoal bin, and refilling the pyrolysis kettle 1 with logs for recycling.

[0046] In this embodiment, after the calcination is completed, the introduction of raw gas and biomass oil 11 is cut off, and air can be introduced as needed. The pyrolysis furnace 3 and the pyrolysis kettle 1 are slowly cooled. When the temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is lower than 150°C, no more combustible gas is emitted, and the pyrolysis kettle 1 can be moved out to the cooling area for further cooling. Specifically, the smoke outlet valve of the pyrolysis furnace 3 is closed, and the valve connecting the pyrolysis kettle 1 and the gas purification system 7 is closed at the same time, and the pyrolysis kettle 1 is lifted out and moved into the cooling rack for deep cooling. When the temperature in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is lower than 50°C, the lid of the pyrolysis kettle 1 is untied, and the charcoal in the pyrolysis kettle 1 is poured out in the charcoal pouring device.

[0047] Specifically, multiple drying furnaces 2 are arranged in parallel with respect to the first pipeline 5, and the storage container of biomass oil 11 enters the combustion chamber 4 of the pyrolysis furnace 3 through the third pipeline 14 and the branch pipeline connecting the third pipeline 14 and the pyrolysis furnace 3; the storage container of pyrolysis gas 12 enters the combustion chamber 4 of the pyrolysis furnace 3 through the fourth pipeline 15 and the branch pipeline connecting the fourth pipeline 15 and the pyrolysis furnace 3; the gases generated by the multiple pyrolysis furnaces 3 are discharged separately from their upper parts and enter the first pipeline 5 together; the gas generated by the pyrolysis kettle 1 in the pyrolysis furnace 3 after being heated by heat transfer from the pyrolysis furnace 3 is discharged from the pipeline connected to the pyrolysis kettle 1 and enters the second pipeline 8 together.

[0048] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment, used for pyrolysis carbonization of raw materials, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10: moving a plurality of pyrolysis kettles (1) filled with raw materials into a plurality of drying furnaces (2) arranged in parallel for drying; S20: moving the plurality of pyrolysis kettles (1) after the drying process into a plurality of pyrolysis furnaces (3) arranged in parallel to perform pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination of the raw materials; The high-temperature flue gas in the pyrolysis furnace (3) is introduced into the drying furnace (2) to provide heat.

2. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S11: finally controlling the temperature of the pyrolysis kettle (1) in the drying furnace (2) to be T, 100°C≤T≤150°C, so that the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle (1) produce a type of wood vinegar (9).

3. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S30: The raw fuel gas generated by the pyrolysis kettle (1) is processed and separated to generate two types of wood vinegar (10), biomass oil (11) and pyrolysis gas (12).

4. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S30 comprises: S301: The raw fuel gas is subjected to a cooling treatment to form liquid type II wood vinegar (10), biomass oil (11) and low-temperature gaseous pure fuel gas (12).

5. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step S30 further includes: S302: separating the second type wood vinegar (10) and the biomass oil (11) and storing them separately; The second type of wood vinegar (10) is circulated and used as a circulating coolant in a water washing tower and a condensing tower; the separated biomass oil (11) is transported to a biomass oil pool for storage, and transported to a pyrolysis furnace (3) for combustion and heat supply as required.

6. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-carbonization, pyrolysis and calcination in step S20 are specifically as follows: The pyrolysis gas (12) and the biomass oil (11), or only the pyrolysis gas (12) is transported to the pyrolysis furnace (3) as a combustion medium to provide heat for the pyrolysis and carbonization of the raw materials in the pyrolysis kettle (1).

7. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S40: denitrifying the high-temperature flue gas from the plurality of parallel pyrolysis furnaces (3); The flue gas after denitration is transported to a plurality of parallel drying furnaces (2) to provide heat.

8. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S50: Treat and discharge the low-temperature flue gas discharged from the drying furnace (2).

9. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S21: introducing air at room temperature into the pyrolysis furnace (3) as required to cool the pyrolysis furnace (3) and the pyrolysis kettle (1).

10. A pyrolysis carbonization process based on parallel equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: S22: pouring out the charcoal in the pyrolysis kettle (1) after the temperature has been lowered, and refilling the pyrolysis kettle (1) with raw materials for recycling.

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