Adsorption heat storage and supply device and method capable of absorbing light in penetrating mode
By designing a penetrating absorbing heat storage and heating device for adsorption in building heating devices, using high-transparent glass columns and high-light absorbing materials to achieve rapid introduction and heat storage of sunlight, the problem of low solar heat storage efficiency in the prior art is solved, and high-efficiency and zero-energy consumption storage/expression heating effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411591299.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-11
AI Technical Summary
When existing building heating devices use solar energy to store heat, it is difficult to achieve rapid and comprehensive solar light introduction and desorption and heat storage, and the desorption process is slow.
A penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage and heating device is designed, using a high-transparent mace type glass column and a double-layer vacuum high-transparent glass shell, filled with black high-absorbing porous materials and water-absorbing inorganic salts as adsorbents, to achieve rapid introduction and heat storage of sunlight.
The device can quickly introduce sunlight during the day to heat up and desorb heat storage, and release heat through wet and cold air at night, achieving a zero-energy storage/expression process, improving heat storage efficiency and heating effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN119594585A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermochemical heat storage and building heating, and in particular to a penetrating light-absorbing adsorption heat storage heating device and method. Background Art
[0002] Energy is indispensable to human beings. With the increasingly serious energy crisis, various energy-saving and emission-reduction measures are being developed and applied, among which building energy consumption accounts for a high proportion of total energy consumption. At present, the main building heating methods adopted in my country are to use fuel combustion or electricity to provide heat, which will cause great environmental burden and economic pressure. Solar energy is inexhaustible, and it is very necessary to store, convert and utilize it efficiently. Among them, the density of thermochemical heat storage is much higher than that of sensible heat storage and phase change heat storage, and it has become a research hotspot. Combined with thermochemical heat storage, we can make full use of solar energy in clear weather to convert thermal energy into chemical energy for storage, and then convert chemical energy into thermal energy for utilization when heat is needed, which is especially suitable for the field of building heating.
[0003] At present, many scholars have studied reactors. Most of the existing devices can only receive sunlight on the surface. The materials inside the device need to rely on the outer wall material to heat up and slowly conduct heat into it. It is difficult to fully utilize solar energy and the desorption and heat storage process is slow. Therefore, how to design a sunlight introduction structure to achieve rapid and comprehensive desorption and heat storage has become a technical problem that technicians in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device and method, which can quickly and comprehensively introduce sunlight to heat up, desorb and store heat when there is light, and release and supply heat with the help of wet and cold air intake at the bottom after the temperature drops.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the adsorption heat storage heating device comprises a shell with upper and lower openings, a light guide structure fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, and an adsorbent filled in the shell; The housing comprises a double-layer vacuum high light transmittance glass shell 4, and a top cover 8 and a bottom cover 3 fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the double-layer vacuum high light transmittance glass shell 4, wherein the top cover 8 is provided with an air outlet, and the bottom cover 3 is provided with an air inlet; The light-guiding structure is a high-light-transmittance mace-shaped glass column, which includes a vertical main glass column 5 arranged along the axis of a double-layer vacuum high-light-transmittance glass shell 4 and a plurality of horizontal supporting glass columns 6 arranged around the vertical main glass column 5, wherein both ends of the vertical main glass column 5 are fixedly connected to the top cover 8 and the bottom cover 3, and both ends of the horizontal supporting glass columns 6 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical main glass column 5 and the inner wall of the double-layer vacuum high-light-transmittance glass shell 4; The adsorbent 7 is filled in an adsorption bed formed between a high light transmittance mace-shaped glass column and a double-layer vacuum high light transmittance glass shell, and the adsorbent 7 includes a black high light absorption porous material and a water-absorbing inorganic salt.
[0006] About adsorbent:
[0007] The black highly light-absorbing porous material includes, but is not limited to, granular or block materials made of activated carbon, expanded graphite, graphene, etc., to ensure the absorption and conversion of sunlight and a certain porosity after stacking to allow air to flow through; the water-absorbing inorganic salt is selected from at least one of calcium chloride, lithium chloride, strontium bromide, magnesium sulfate and other materials.
[0008] About the light guide structure:
[0009] The horizontal supporting glass columns 6 are arranged perpendicular to the vertical main glass columns 5 , and a plurality of horizontal supporting glass columns 6 are distributed on n layers, with n horizontal supporting glass columns on each layer.
[0010] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent layers of horizontal supporting glass columns 6 is greater than the outer diameter of the horizontal supporting glass columns 6, thereby avoiding the defect of insufficient adsorbent filling.
[0011] Furthermore, the n horizontal supporting glass columns 6 on the same layer are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, and the horizontal supporting glass columns 6 of two adjacent layers are staggered. That is, the supporting glass columns of two adjacent layers have a certain rotation angle, which can be 10°, 20°, 30°, etc. In this way, sunlight can be more fully received and guided, so that the adsorbent at each position in the double-layer vacuum high light-transmittance glass shell can fully and comprehensively absorb light.
[0012] Furthermore, the side wall of the horizontal supporting glass column 6 is chemically etched with a solution of hydrofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide, acetone, n-hexane, etc. to make its surface rough, thereby giving it a side-emitting property.
[0013] About the shell:
[0014] The shell is a double-layer vacuum high-transmittance glass with holes at the top and bottom. There are several air inlets and outlets, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom cover 3 and the top cover 8; and a metal filter is also provided in the air inlet.
[0015] The specific working principle of the present invention is as follows: During the day, solar energy directly irradiates the surface of the tilted reactor, and the thermochemical heat storage materials attached to the shell and the horizontal and vertical glass columns directly or through the glass columns receive sunlight and heat up, desorb and store heat. The sunlight enters the supporting glass column through the high-transmittance shell. Because its surface is etched, it has the performance of side emission and can directly irradiate the thermochemical heat storage material adjacent to it. The remaining sunlight enters other supporting glass columns after refraction through the main glass and also irradiates the thermochemical heat storage material adjacent to it, thereby greatly increasing the area of the material directly exposed to the irradiation, and the desorption process can be carried out quickly. After these materials are heated up, they transfer the heat to the materials adjacent to them for heating, desorption and heat storage. Compared with the traditional reactor that only receives sunlight on the surface, the distance and time of heat conduction are greatly reduced. In the above steps, the higher-temperature water vapor desorbed by the thermochemical heat storage material under the solar thermal effect rises and is discharged from the exhaust port under the "chimney effect", completing the heat storage process. Among them, the discharged hot and humid air can also be directly used for building heating or stored. At night, the temperature drops and the air humidity increases. Wet and cold air enters the reactor from the air inlet and comes into contact with the thermochemical heat storage material after desorption. The water vapor in the wet and cold air is adsorbed by the dry thermochemical heat storage material to release heat, thereby driving the surrounding air temperature to rise. The temperature difference caused by adsorption and heat release also leads to the "chimney effect". Since the density of hot air is small, the overall direction of the airflow inside the reactor is from the air inlet to the air outlet, and dry and warm air is discharged from the air outlet to heat buildings, etc. In summary, the tilted tubular penetrating reactor can heat up under the solar thermal effect or adsorption heat release to form a "chimney effect", and the desorption and adsorption process occurs in a self-driven, zero-energy consumption manner to provide heat.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention can introduce sunlight into the interior of the device, so that the internal materials can absorb more and better light, realize body absorption, and convert it into heat. The heat transfer distance to the internal materials is shorter, which can make the internal materials heat up more quickly and increase the desorption rate. This solves the disadvantage that the traditional reactor only absorbs sunlight on the surface and has a long heat conduction distance.
[0017] Second, by utilizing the chimney effect of the long inclined / vertical pipes, a zero-energy storage / release process driven by solar thermal energy during the day and adsorption heat release at night is achieved, which solves the disadvantage of traditional heat storage technology requiring additional electricity consumption.
[0018] 3. This case is more in line with the actual needs of life. Multiple pipes can be connected in parallel to form a shape similar to the solar water heaters on the market and installed on the roof of the building, so as to desorb and store heat during the day and adsorb and release heat at night. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1This is the overall structure diagram of the penetrating light absorption and heat storage heating device; Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a penetrating light absorption heat storage heating device; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a penetrating light absorption heat storage heating device; The reference numbers in the figure are as follows: 1. air inlet; 2. metal filter; 3. bottom cover; 4. double-layer vacuum high-transmittance glass shell; 5. vertical main glass column; 6. horizontal supporting glass column; 7. adsorbent in the adsorption bed formed between the glass column and the shell; 8. top cover; 9. air outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this patent, this patent is elaborated in detail below through a specific implementation method and in combination with its accompanying drawings.
[0021] like Figure 1-3 As shown, taking three supporting glass columns on each layer, the angle between the supporting glass columns on each layer is 120°, the supporting glass columns on two adjacent layers rotate 60° around the main glass column, and there are 6 air inlets and 6 air outlets as an example, as shown in the figure, the process includes two processes.
[0022] Heat storage process. Sunlight enters the supporting glass column through the high-transmittance outer shell. Because its surface is etched, it has the performance of side emission and can directly illuminate the adjacent thermochemical heat storage material. The remaining sunlight enters other supporting glass columns after refraction through the main glass and also illuminates the adjacent thermochemical heat storage material. Sunlight is introduced into the reactor through the high-transmittance mace-shaped glass column. More materials with high light absorption rate can be directly exposed to sunlight. Under the premise of a certain total amount of adsorbent, the existence of the glass column will increase the area of direct sunlight exposure to the adsorbent and shorten the distance of heat transfer from the surface material to the internal material after heating, thereby promoting the desorption process. The temperature of the internal material rises, and the surrounding air is heated to form a solar chimney. The hot and humid air flows out from the exhaust port and is used for building heating or to store its heat.
[0023] Heat release process. When the building temperature is low at night and heat is needed, the damp and cold air from the outside is introduced into the reactor inlet. The damp and cold air absorbs and releases heat with the thermochemical heat storage material, and the surrounding air is heated to form a chimney effect. The dry hot air is discharged through the air outlet and introduced into the building to achieve the purpose of heating. At the beginning of the reaction, once the reactor inlet contacts the damp and cold air, the temperature rises and the hot air will flow upward, thus forming a flowing airflow and starting normal heat release operation.
[0024] There are many specific implementation ways of the present invention. The above is only the preferred implementation mode of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device, characterized in that: The adsorption heat storage heating device comprises a shell with upper and lower openings, a light guide structure fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, and an adsorbent filled in the shell; The shell comprises a double-layer vacuum high-light-transmittance glass shell (4), and a top cover (8) and a bottom cover (3) fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the double-layer vacuum high-light-transmittance glass shell (4); the top cover (8) is provided with an air outlet, and the bottom cover (3) is provided with an air inlet; The light-guiding structure is a high-light-transmittance mace-shaped glass column, which comprises a vertical main glass column (5) arranged along the axis of a double-layer vacuum high-light-transmittance glass shell (4) and a plurality of horizontal supporting glass columns (6) arranged around the vertical main glass column (5), wherein the two ends of the vertical main glass column (5) are fixedly connected to the top cover (8) and the bottom cover (3), and the two ends of the horizontal supporting glass columns (6) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer wall of the vertical main glass column (5) and the inner wall of the double-layer vacuum high-light-transmittance glass shell (4); The adsorbent (7) is filled in an adsorption bed formed between a high light transmittance mace-shaped glass column and a double-layer vacuum high light transmittance glass shell, and the adsorbent (7) comprises a black high light absorption porous material and a water-absorbing inorganic salt.
2. A penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The black highly light-absorbing porous material is a granular or block material made of, but not limited to, activated carbon, expanded graphite, graphene, etc., to ensure the absorption and conversion of sunlight and a certain porosity after stacking to allow air to flow through; the water-absorbing inorganic salt is selected from at least one of calcium chloride, lithium chloride, strontium bromide, magnesium sulfate and other materials.
3. According to claim 1, a penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device is characterized in that: The horizontal supporting glass columns (6) are arranged perpendicular to the vertical main glass columns (5), and a plurality of horizontal supporting glass columns (6) are distributed on n layers, with n horizontal supporting glass columns on each layer.
4. A penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent layers of horizontal supporting glass columns (6) is greater than the outer diameter of the horizontal supporting glass columns (6).
5. The penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The n horizontal supporting glass columns (6) on the same layer are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the horizontal supporting glass columns (6) on two adjacent layers are staggered.
6. The penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side wall of the horizontal supporting glass column (6) is chemically etched using a solution of hydrofluoric acid, sodium hydroxide, acetone, n-hexane, etc. to make its surface rough, thereby giving it a side-emitting property.
7. The penetrating light absorption adsorption heat storage heating device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are a plurality of air inlets and air outlets, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom cover (3) and the top cover (8); and a metal filter is also provided in the air inlet.