Multi-medium composite jet flow generating device and polar region underwater jet flow ice breaking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-medium composite jet flow generating device and a polar region underwater jet flow icebreaking method. The multi-medium composite jet flow generating device comprises an outer spray pipe used for spraying airflow in an accelerated mode and an inner spray pipe used for spraying mixed liquid flow of water and grinding materials in an accelerated mode. And the outer spray pipe is coaxially sleeved on the inner spray pipe, so that the airflow sprayed by the outer spray pipe surrounds the periphery of the mixed liquid flow sprayed by the inner spray pipe. The inner spray pipe generating the mixed liquid jet flow is nested in the outer spray pipe generating the gas jet flow, the gas jet flow generated by the outer spray pipe surrounds the liquid jet flow, seawater is discharged through the gas jet flow, and the resistance of the mixed liquid jet flow can be remarkably reduced, so that the target distance of the mixed liquid jet flow and the tail end energy of the mixed liquid jet flow can be greatly improved; therefore, the jet icebreaking capacity under the underwater submerging environment can be obviously improved. And when the composite jet flow generated by the device acts on the ice body in three media of gas, liquid and solid abrasive particles, the ice breaking effect can be further improved compared with single-medium ice breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polar icebreaking, and in particular to a jet generating device and a jet icebreaking method. Background Art

[0002] The polar regions are a new area that affects the survival and development of mankind and the sustainable development of the earth. They are also the strategic commanding heights for the competition between major powers around interests and influence in the future. Realizing polar navigation is a problem that must be solved to ensure the implementation of polar strategy. The key to this problem is that ships can break through the ice and open up a route in the ice-covered area. In order to open up a route in the ice area, various icebreakers and auxiliary icebreaking equipment came into being. However, icebreakers need to consume a lot of energy to break the ice, especially when the ice is thick or contains a lot of broken ice. The icebreaking efficiency will be greatly reduced. Therefore, a new technical method is needed to be applied in the field of icebreaking.

[0003] As an efficient energy transmission method, water jet occupies a pivotal position in the industrial field with its unique advantages. This technology can accurately and quickly cut and crush materials by using the powerful impact force formed by accelerating high-pressure water flow. Especially when it is combined with a water jet containing abrasives such as quartz sand, the abrasive water jet generated can greatly improve the cutting efficiency. Therefore, in the context of the growing development of water jet technology, especially in the difficult task of breaking ice, the application of abrasive water jet has been widely studied and valued.

[0004] However, icebreaking operations almost always take place in submerged environments. Pure water jets under submerged conditions are difficult to carry out working activities at long target distances. Existing jet generating devices, equipment and methods still remain in application scenarios such as small target distances and cavitation, and cannot meet the growing actual needs. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign the jet generating devices, equipment and methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-media composite jet generating device and a polar underwater jet icebreaking method to solve the technical problem of improving the water jet target distance and the jet icebreaking capability.

[0006] The multi-media composite jet generating device of the present invention comprises an outer nozzle for accelerating the airflow and an inner nozzle for accelerating the mixed liquid flow of water and abrasive. The outer nozzle is coaxially sleeved on the inner nozzle so that the airflow ejected by the outer nozzle surrounds the mixed liquid flow ejected by the inner nozzle.

[0007] Furthermore, the flow channel of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the airflow is a tapered flow channel with a gradually decreasing diameter, or the flow channel of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the airflow is a Laval flow channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the flow channel of the inner nozzle used to accelerate the mixed liquid flow is a tapered flow channel with a gradually decreasing diameter, or the flow channel of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the mixed liquid flow is a Laval flow channel.

[0009] Furthermore, an air inlet interface is provided on the tube wall of the outer nozzle.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are connected via threads.

[0011] The present invention also discloses a polar underwater jet icebreaking method according to the multi-media composite jet generating device, which comprises:

[0012] The air supply pipe is connected to the outer nozzle, the liquid supply pipe is connected to the inner nozzle, the gas is sent into the air supply pipe by a gas booster pump, the water and abrasive are evenly mixed to form a mixed liquid, the mixed liquid is sent into the liquid supply pipe by a liquid booster pump, the gas is accelerated by the outer nozzle and ejected to form a gas jet, the mixed liquid is accelerated by the inner nozzle and ejected to form a mixed liquid jet, the gas jet surrounds the outside of the mixed liquid jet, the gas jet is used to displace the seawater around the mixed liquid jet to reduce the resistance on the mixed liquid jet path, and the gas jet and the mixed liquid jet are used to compositely impact the ice to break the ice.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer nozzle accelerates the gas to sonic or supersonic speed and then ejects it.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] 1. The present invention embeds an inner nozzle for generating a mixed liquid jet into an outer nozzle for generating a gas jet, uses the gas jet generated by the outer nozzle to surround the liquid jet, and uses the gas jet to displace seawater, thereby significantly reducing the resistance of the mixed liquid jet, thereby greatly increasing the target distance of the mixed liquid jet and the terminal energy of the mixed liquid jet, thereby significantly improving the jet icebreaking capability in an underwater submerged environment.

[0016] 2. The composite jet generated by the present invention breaks ice with three media: gas, liquid and solid abrasive. When the three media act on the ice body in combination, in addition to stagnation pressure, high-frequency erosion and grinding of abrasives, there are also multiple effects such as high cavitation, water hammer pressure, shear stress and wedge splitting, which can aggravate the degree of damage to the ice body. Compared with single-medium ice breaking, its ice breaking effect can be further improved.

[0017] 3. The present invention can accelerate the gas to sonic or supersonic speed by means of a tapered flow channel or a Laval flow channel, has a strong drainage capacity, and can significantly increase the target distance of the mixed liquid jet.

[0018] 4. The present invention does not need to add chemical agents to the jet medium, and is friendly to the marine environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of an implementation structure of a multi-media composite jet generating device.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another implementation structure of a multi-media composite jet generating device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] As shown in the figure, the multi-media composite jet generating device of this embodiment includes an outer nozzle 1 for accelerating the airflow and an inner nozzle 2 for accelerating the mixed liquid flow of water and abrasive. The outer nozzle is coaxially sleeved on the inner nozzle so that the airflow ejected by the outer nozzle surrounds the mixed liquid flow ejected by the inner nozzle.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the flow channel 3 of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the airflow in this embodiment is a Laval flow channel, which is composed of a gradually decreasing diameter converging flow channel 31, a throat 32 and a gradually increasing diameter expanding flow channel 33, and the Laval flow channel has the ability to accelerate the airflow to supersonic speed. In this embodiment, the flow channel 4 of the inner nozzle used to accelerate the mixed liquid flow is a gradually decreasing diameter converging flow channel.

[0024] Of course, in different embodiments, the flow channel 3 of the outer nozzle 1 for accelerating the airflow can also be a tapered flow channel with a gradually decreasing diameter. The flow channel of the outer nozzle for accelerating the airflow is a Laval flow channel; different flow channel combinations can be selected according to needs, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outer nozzle 1 adopts a tapered flow channel and the inner nozzle 2 also adopts a tapered flow channel.

[0025] In this embodiment, an air inlet interface 5 is provided on the wall of the outer nozzle, which facilitates the connection between the outer nozzle and the air supply pipe. The air inlet interface can be an internal thread interface, which is easy to process and connect; of course, the air inlet interface can also be an external thread interface or other forms of interface.

[0026] In this embodiment, the inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are connected by threads for easy assembly and disassembly.

[0027] The polar underwater jet icebreaking method using the multi-media composite jet generating device in the above embodiment includes:

[0028] The air supply pipe is connected to the outer nozzle, the liquid supply pipe is connected to the inner nozzle, the gas is sent into the air supply pipe by the gas booster pump, the water and the abrasive are mixed evenly to form a mixed liquid, the mixed liquid is sent into the liquid supply pipe by the liquid booster pump, the gas is accelerated by the outer nozzle and ejected to form a gas jet, the mixed liquid is accelerated by the inner nozzle and ejected to form a mixed liquid jet, the gas jet surrounds the outer side of the mixed liquid jet, the gas jet is used to displace the seawater around the mixed liquid jet to reduce the resistance on the mixed liquid jet path, and the gas jet and the mixed liquid jet are used to compositely impact the ice cube to break the ice. In this embodiment, the gas is air and the water is seawater. In the specific implementation, the working power of the gas booster pump and the liquid booster pump can be adjusted according to the size of the ice cube, the target distance, etc., so that the outer nozzle accelerates the gas to a suitable speed (such as sonic or supersonic) and then ejects it, and the inner nozzle accelerates the mixed liquid to a suitable speed and ejects it.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-media composite jet generating device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer nozzle for accelerating the airflow and an inner nozzle for accelerating the mixed liquid flow of water and abrasive. The outer nozzle is coaxially sleeved on the inner nozzle so that the airflow ejected by the outer nozzle surrounds the mixed liquid flow ejected by the inner nozzle.

2. The multi-media composite jet generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the airflow is a tapered flow channel with a gradually decreasing diameter, or the flow channel of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the airflow is a Laval flow channel.

3. The multi-media composite jet generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel of the inner nozzle used to accelerate the mixed liquid flow is a tapered flow channel with a gradually decreasing diameter, or the flow channel of the outer nozzle used to accelerate the mixed liquid flow is a Laval flow channel.

4. The multi-media composite jet generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air inlet interface is arranged on the pipe wall of the outer nozzle.

5. The multi-media composite jet generating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner nozzle and the outer nozzle are connected via threads.

6. A polar underwater jet icebreaking method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The air supply pipe is connected to the outer nozzle, the liquid supply pipe is connected to the inner nozzle, the gas is sent into the air supply pipe by a gas booster pump, the water and abrasive are evenly mixed to form a mixed liquid, the mixed liquid is sent into the liquid supply pipe by a liquid booster pump, the gas is accelerated by the outer nozzle and ejected to form a gas jet, the mixed liquid is accelerated by the inner nozzle and ejected to form a mixed liquid jet, the gas jet surrounds the outside of the mixed liquid jet, the gas jet is used to displace the seawater around the mixed liquid jet to reduce the resistance on the mixed liquid jet path, and the gas jet and the mixed liquid jet are used to compositely impact the ice to break the ice.

7. A polar underwater jet icebreaking method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer nozzle accelerates the gas to sonic or supersonic speed and then ejects it.

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