Centrifugal air conditioner and water heating device driven by low-temperature waste heat

Abstract

The invention discloses a centrifugal air conditioner driven by low-temperature waste heat and a water heating device, and relates to the field of low-temperature waste heat and renewable clean energy utilization. The device comprises a steam generator, a centrifugal compressor, a lubricating oil tank, a condenser, an evaporator, a lubricating oil pump, a refrigerant pump, a heat source pump, an expansion valve, a constant-temperature energy storage water tank, a chilled water tank, a cooling water tank, a cold water supply pump, a heat storage water tank heat exchange coil inlet, an auxiliary electric heater, a sanitary hot water booster pump, a cold and hot water circulating pump, a cooling water circulating pump, a cold water pipeline and a hot water pipeline. The electric valve and the electric control system are arranged, external waste heat energy can be recycled and converted into indispensable cold and heat sources and sanitary hot water in daily production and life by adjusting starting and stopping of the circulating pump and closing of the valve in the corresponding operation mode through the control system, energy is saved, and meanwhile the life quality of people is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of low-temperature waste heat and renewable clean energy utilization, and in particular to waste heat recovery centrifugal compression refrigeration technology Background Art

[0002] The development of society is inseparable from energy, and energy utilization plays an important role in the development of human history. Today, my country's energy supply structure has gradually formed an energy supply system with coal, natural gas, oil and electricity as the mainstay, and new energy and renewable energy as auxiliary. In recent years, with the continuous development of the national economy, the demand for energy consumption in all walks of life has continued to grow. From the perspective of energy consumption, the proportion of energy consumption generated by heating, cooling, and hot water production in the total energy consumption of the whole society cannot be ignored. Giving priority to reducing this part of energy consumption will play a key role in my country's early realization of the "dual carbon" strategic goal. my country has abundant solar energy and a large amount of unused low-grade waste heat resources from industrial production. How to use these abundant waste heat and solar energy resources to reduce the energy consumption generated by heating, refrigeration, and hot water production has become a hot topic and direction of research. At present, the most mature technology for my country to use waste heat for refrigeration, heating, and hot water production is mainly absorption lithium bromide units. The lithium bromide working fluid used in the known lithium bromide units is highly corrosive to copper and carbon steel. During operation, the refrigerant must be circulated under negative pressure to slow down the corrosion of the metal. This requires the equipment to be equipped with a vacuum pump, and at the same time, the airtightness of the equipment is relatively high, resulting in high manufacturing costs and high operating energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a centrifugal air conditioner and hot water device driven by low-temperature waste heat. The present invention adopts an organic Rankine cycle system, uses external waste heat or auxiliary heat source to keep the water temperature in the constant temperature energy storage water tank at 55-60°C, uses 55°C-60 constant temperature hot water to circulate and heat the non-corrosive and environmentally friendly refrigerant in the steam generator to generate organic steam to drive the turbine to drive the coaxial compressor turbine to rotate, and the refrigerant circulates between the evaporator and the condenser under the work of the compressor turbine, so that the water temperature in the chilled water tank is reduced to 5-7°C; for hot water production, the 55-60°C hot water in the constant temperature energy storage water tank is connected to the bathroom terminal through a thermostatic valve and a cold water supply pipeline; for heating and cooling, the 55-60°C hot water in the constant temperature water tank and the 5-7°C cold water in the chilled water tank are connected to the fan coil through an electric three-way valve and a pipeline, and the water temperature circulating in the fan coil is automatically adjusted by the PLC controller according to the external ambient temperature collected by the temperature sensor, providing a constant and comfortable ambient temperature for the end user. This forms an operating mode of heating in winter, cooling in summer, and hot water supply throughout the year.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose is: a centrifugal air conditioner and hot water device driven by low-temperature waste heat is structurally divided into two parts: a main system and an electric control system. The main system consists of a steam generator 100, a centrifugal compressor 101, a lubricating oil tank 102, a condenser 103, an evaporator 104, a lubricating oil pump M5, a refrigerant pump M4, a heat source circulation pump M6, a check valve NZF1, an expansion valve PZF1, a constant temperature energy storage water tank 300, a chilled water tank 301, a cooling water tank 302, a fan coil 303, a bathroom 304, a cold water supply pump M1, a heat storage tank heat exchange coil inlet 305, an auxiliary electric heater 306, a sanitary hot water booster pump M2, a cold and hot water circulation pump M3, a cooling water circulation pump M7, and cold and hot water pipes A, B, C, A1, B1, C1, B2, C2, and electric valves F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7. The electric control system is composed of a main power supply line 200, a backup power supply line 201, a dual power supply switch 202, temperature T1, T2, T3, T4 sensors 203, pressure P1, P2, P3, P4 sensors 203, liquid level L1, L2 sensors 203, a touch screen 204, a remote controller 205, a programmable PLC controller 206, an actuator 207 (circulation pump, electric valve regulating valve, auxiliary electric heating), and an uninterruptible power supply 208;

[0005] According to the function, it is divided into eleven parts: constant temperature hot water storage source circuit, driving steam generation circulation circuit, compressor bearing lubrication circuit, refrigerant circulation circuit, condenser cooling water external circulation circuit, condenser cooling water internal circulation circuit, chilled water circulation circuit, hot water circulation circuit, sanitary hot water circuit, power supply system, and control system, among which:

[0005] The constant temperature hot water storage circuit is composed of an external heat source 305, an auxiliary heat source 306, a cold water supply pump M1, an A1 pipeline, and a F2 three-way electric valve connected to a hot water storage tank 300;

[0006] The driving steam generation circulation loop is composed of the hot water outlet of the hot water storage tank 300 connected to the inlet of the steam generator heat exchanger 100 through the F7 electric regulating valve, and the outlet of the steam generator heat exchanger 100 is connected to the hot water outlet of the hot water storage tank 300 through the M6 ​​heat source circulation pump;

[0007] The compressor bearing lubrication circuit is composed of a lubricating oil tank 102, a lubricating oil pump 105, and a lubricating oil pressure sensor P2 connected to a centrifugal compressor;

[0008] The refrigerant circulation loop is composed of a steam generator 100 connected to a centrifugal compressor 101, the centrifugal compressor 101 is connected to a condenser 103 and an evaporator 104 respectively, the inlet of a refrigerant circulation pump M4 is connected to the outlet of the condenser 103 through a check valve NZF1, and the inlet of an expansion valve PZF1 of the evaporator 104 is connected;

[0009] The condenser cooling water external circulation loop is composed of an M1 cold water supply pump connected to an A1 pipeline, an A1 pipeline connected to a C1 pipeline through an F2 three-way electric valve, a C1 pipeline connected to an F3 three-way electric valve, an F3 three-way electric valve connected to an inlet of a condenser 103 heat exchange pipe through a C2 pipeline, an outlet of the condenser 103 heat exchange pipe connected to an inlet of a 309 cooling water circulation pump, an outlet of the 309 cooling water circulation pump connected to a 302 cooling water tank through a pipeline, the 302 cooling water tank connected to an F4 three-way electric valve through a pipeline C2, and an F4 three-way electric valve connected to an inlet of a hot water storage tank through a pipeline C1;

[0010] The condenser cooling water internal circulation loop is composed of a three-way electric valve F4 connected to a three-way electric valve F3 through a pipe B2, the three-way electric valve F3 is connected to the inlet of the condenser 103 heat exchanger through a pipe C2, the outlet of the condenser 103 heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet of the 309 cooling water circulation pump, the outlet of the 309 cooling water circulation pump is connected to the 302 cooling water tank through a pipe, and the 302 cooling water tank is connected to the F4 three-way electric valve through a pipe C2;

[0011] The chilled water circulation loop is composed of a chilled water tank 301 connected to three-way electric valves F5 and F6 through pipeline A, and the three-way electric valve F5 is connected to the fan coil through the cold and hot water circulation pump M3;

[0012] The hot water circulation loop is composed of a hot water storage tank 300 connected to three-way electric valves F5 and F6 through pipeline A, and the three-way electric valve F5 is connected to the fan coil through the M3 hot and cold water circulation pump;

[0013] The sanitary hot water circuit is composed of a cold water supply pump M1 connected to a thermostatic valve F1 connected to a bathroom 304 via a hot water booster pump M2;

[0014] The power supply system consists of a main power supply 200, a backup power supply 201 connected to a dual power supply switching device 202 through lines, the dual power supply switching device 202 is connected to an uninterruptible power supply device 208 through lines, and the uninterruptible power supply device 208 is connected through lines to supply power to a PLC control system 206 and a motor 207 respectively.

[0015] The control system is composed of a programmable controller PLC206 connected to the sensor signal 203 through a line to collect the temperature, pressure, liquid level, and valve feedback signals of the equipment body. The programmable controller PLC206 is connected to the external motor and valve 207 through a line to control the start and stop of the motor and the opening and closing of the valve. The programmable controller PLC206 is connected to the touch screen 204 through a line to receive its start and stop instructions and feedback the equipment operation status and fault alarm information. The programmable controller PLC206 is connected to the remote controller 205 through the wireless 4G module to receive its start and stop instructions and feedback the equipment operation status and fault alarm information.

[0016] The control system adjusts the corresponding circulation pump start and stop and valve switch to achieve the functions of cooling, heating and sanitary hot water extraction.

[0017] The invention has the beneficial effects of using organic steam after the boiling point of -9°C-19°C environmentally friendly non-corrosive refrigerant absorbs heat, boils and evaporates as the driving source of the compressor, and the refrigerant circulation pipeline is in a positive pressure state during operation, and there is no need to set a vacuum pumping device, so the manufacturing is simple, the cost is low, the refrigerant is non-corrosive to metals, the operation is safe and reliable, and the bottleneck problem of lithium bromide refrigerators is solved. The present invention adopts a modular design, leaving an interface with an external heat source, and can be connected to an external solar collector to achieve the temperature regulation and sanitary hot water needs of the vast rural breeding industry, planting industry, administrative institutions and families, and can also be connected with the radiated, drained steam and discharged low-grade hot water generated by the boiler in the industrial production process to recycle heat, not only meeting the process cooling and insulation requirements in the production process, but also providing indoor temperature regulation and sanitary hot water for the control room, power distribution room, office, restaurant and conference room in the factory, greatly saving energy consumption in the production process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic layout diagram of a centrifugal air conditioner and water heater device driven by low-temperature waste heat according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic layout diagram of the electric control system of a centrifugal air conditioner and water heater driven by low-temperature waste heat according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a process flow chart of a centrifugal air conditioner and water heater device driven by low-temperature waste heat according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a control logic diagram of a centrifugal air conditioner and water heater device driven by low-temperature waste heat according to the present invention;

[0023] Attached Figure 1The components are marked as follows: 100, steam generator; 101, centrifugal compressor; 102, centrifugal compressor lubricating oil tank; 103, condenser; 104, evaporator; 300, hot water storage tank; 301, chilled water tank; 302, cooling water tank; 303, fan coil; 304, bathroom facilities; 305, inlet of heat exchange coil of hot water storage tank; 306, auxiliary electric heating; M1, cold water supply pump; M2, hot water booster pump; M3, cold and hot water circulation pump; M4, refrigerant pump; M5, lubricating oil pump; M6, heat source circulation pump; M7 cooling water circulation pump; F1 thermostatic valve; F2, cold water supply three-way valve, F3, F4, cooling water internal and external circulation three-way valve; F5, F6 , cold and hot water circulation three-way valve; F7, steam generator heat exchanger inlet electric regulating valve; F8, steam generator exhaust outlet electric regulating valve; PZF1, expansion valve; NZF1, check valve; L1 hot water storage tank level sensor; T1 hot water storage temperature sensor; L2 steam generator refrigerant level sensor; P1, steam generator exhaust pressure sensor; P2, lubricating oil pressure sensor; P3, condenser pressure sensor; P4, evaporator pressure sensor; T2, chilled water temperature sensor; T3, fan coil outlet temperature sensor; T4, cooling water temperature sensor; A, B, cold and hot water circulation pipelines; A1 cold water supply pipeline; B2, C1, C2 cooling water circulation pipelines. Attached Figure 2 The components are marked as follows: 200, main power supply line; 201 backup power supply line; 202 dual power supply switching device; 203, sensor; 204, touch screen; 205, remote controller; 206, programmable controller; 207, actuator; 208, uninterruptible power supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making a clearer and more definite definition of the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] Combine the following Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 Describe the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the principle layout diagram of the electronic control system; Figure 3 is a process flow chart; Figure 4The control logic diagram shows that the centrifugal air conditioner and hot water device driven by low-temperature waste heat includes: 100, steam generator; 101, centrifugal compressor; 102, centrifugal compressor lubricating oil tank; 103, condenser; 104, evaporator; 300, hot water storage tank; 301, chilled water tank; 302, cooling water tank; 303, fan coil; 304, bathroom facilities; 305, inlet of heat exchange coil of hot water storage tank; 306, auxiliary electric heating; M1, cold water supply pump; M2, hot water booster pump; M3, cold and hot water circulation pump; M4, refrigerant pump; M5, lubricating oil pump; M6, heat source pump; M7 cooling water circulation pump; F1 thermostatic valve; F2, cold water supply three-way valve, F3, F4, cooling water internal and external circulation Three-way valve; F5, F6, cold and hot water circulation three-way valve; F7, steam generator heat exchanger inlet electric regulating valve; F8, steam generator exhaust outlet electric regulating valve; NZF1, check valve; PZF1, expansion valve; L1 hot water storage tank level sensor; T1 hot water storage temperature sensor; L2 steam generator refrigerant level sensor; P1, steam generator exhaust pressure sensor; P2, lubricating oil pressure sensor; P3, condenser pressure sensor; P4, evaporator pressure sensor; T2, chilled water temperature sensor; T3, fan coil outlet temperature sensor; T4, cooling water temperature sensor; A, B, cold and hot water circulation pipelines; A1 cold water supply pipeline; B2, C1, C2 cooling water circulation pipelines. 200, main power supply line; 201 backup power supply line; 202 dual power supply switching device; 203, sensor; 204, touch screen; 205, remote controller; 206, programmable controller; 207, actuator; 208, uninterruptible power supply. The present invention is described below in various operation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0026] Refrigeration operation mode: the F7 electric regulating valve and the F8 electric regulating valve are open; the refrigerant circulation pump M4 is running; the lubricating oil pump M5 is running; the A and B positions of the F5 electric three-way valve are opened, the AB position of the F6 electric three-way valve is opened, and the hot water circulation pump M6 is running; the hot and cold water circulation pump M3 is running, and the 55-60℃ hot water in the hot water storage tank circulates between the steam generator heat exchanger through the hot water circulation pump M6 and the F7 electric regulating valve, heating the refrigerant medium of the steam generator to generate steam, which enters the centrifuge driving turbine to work through the F8 electric regulating valve and is then discharged into the condenser to be cooled to liquid, and then pressurized by the refrigerant circulation pump M4 and sent to the steam generator to be reheated and circulated again to work. At the same time, the refrigerant liquid from the condenser 103 enters the evaporator 104 through PZF1, is heated and evaporated by the refrigerant in the frozen water tank 301, and is extracted by the coaxial compressor turbine driven by the exhaust turbine and discharged into the condenser 103 for cooling, thereby realizing the refrigeration of the water in the frozen water tank 301. When the external waste heat is insufficient and the temperature of the constant temperature water tank is less than 55°C in the cooling mode, the auxiliary electric heater is started through PLC control to heat the water in the heat storage tank to raise the water temperature to 55°C; when the temperature of the cooling water tank is between 20-37°C, the cooling water internal circulation mode is operated; when the temperature of the cooling water tank is greater than 37°C, the F2 three-way valve A1 and C1 positions are opened, the F3 three-way valve C1 and C2 positions are opened, and the F4 three-way valve C1 and C2 positions are opened through PLC control to start the cooling water external circulation mode to ensure full utilization of the heat source and improve the thermal efficiency of the whole machine.

[0027] Heating operation mode: F5 three-way valve B and C positions are open, F6 three-way valve B and C positions are open, hot and cold water circulation pump M3 is running, 55-60℃ hot water circulates in the fan coil through the circulation pump M3, three-way valves F5 and F6 to exchange with indoor cold air, thereby achieving winter heating.

[0028] Hot water supply mode: domestic hot water circulation pump M2 is running, F1 thermostatic valve is opened, cold and hot water are modulated to 40℃ warm water through mechanical thermostatic valve and then transported to user terminal bathroom facilities through circulation pump M2. When the liquid level in the heat storage tank is lower than 80%, F2 three-way valve A1 and B1 positions are opened, M1 cold water supply pump is running to replenish the liquid level in the heat storage tank, thereby achieving uninterrupted hot water supply around the clock.

[0029] The power supply system is connected to the dual power switching device 202 by the main power supply 200 and the backup power supply 201 through two lines. The main power supply can be connected by an external new energy AC 220V-380V power supply. If the main power supply loses power during the valley period, the dual power switching device will automatically switch to the backup mains power. It will not switch during the peak, peak and flat periods. At this time, the AC power after the battery inverts in the uninterruptible power supply device 208 provides the power supply for the system. When the battery power in the uninterruptible power supply device 208 is lower than the set power, the main power supply is switched first. If the main power supply does not return to normal, it will switch to the backup mains power supply to ensure energy-saving, efficient and reliable operation of the system.

[0030] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat, characterized in that: It includes a main system and an electronic control system, wherein the main system is composed of a steam generator 100, a centrifugal compressor 101, a lubricating oil tank 102, a condenser 103, an evaporator 104, a lubricating oil pump M5, a refrigerant pump M4, a heat source circulation pump M6, an expansion valve PZF1, a constant temperature energy storage water tank 300, a chilled water tank 301, a cooling water tank 302, a fan coil 303, a bathroom 304, a cold water supply pump M1, a heat storage tank heat exchange coil inlet 305, an auxiliary electric heater 306, a sanitary hot water booster pump M2, a cold and hot water circulation pump M3, a cooling water circulation pump M7, and cold and hot water pipes A, B, C, A1, B1, C1, B2, C2, and electric valves F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, F6, and F7. The electric control system is composed of a main power supply line 200, a backup power supply line 201, a dual power supply switch 202, a temperature, pressure, liquid level sensor 203, a touch screen 204, a remote controller 205, a programmable PLC controller 206, an actuator 207, and an uninterruptible power supply 208.

2. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller structure of the centrifugal compressor 101 adopts a radial-axial flow design, and the impeller material is preferably high-strength aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or titanium alloy. The lubricating oil tank 102 and the centrifugal compressor adopt a split design, the lubricating oil pipeline is made of stainless steel oil pipe, and the lubricating oil pump M5 is externally placed outside the lubricating oil tank 102.

3. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the constant temperature energy storage water tank 300 is provided with an independent cabin with a height of 20 cm, which is filled with phase change energy storage materials. The heat exchange coil in the box is preferably an energy-saving internal threaded copper tube. The box is surrounded by a 5-8 cm thick polyurethane insulation enclosure. The electric auxiliary heater 306 is connected to the box through threads. The temperature sensor T1 and the liquid level sensor L1 are integrated with the box, and have local display and remote transmission functions. The constant temperature energy storage water tank 300 and the attached cold water supply pump M1, hot water booster pump M2, three-way regulating valves F1, F2 and pipelines are designed with an integrated layered design with the box.

4. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chilled water tank 301 and the cooling water tank 302 are surrounded by 5-8 cm thick polyurethane insulation enclosures. The boxes are respectively provided with temperature sensors T2 and T4 with remote transmission function.

5. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generator 100, condenser 103 and evaporator 104 are surrounded by a 5 cm thick insulation layer. The internal heat exchange coil is preferably an efficient and energy-saving internal threaded copper tube. The refrigerant is preferably R245fa, R236fa, R1233zd, R142b, and the steam generator 100 is equipped with an external liquid level sensor L2 with local display and remote transmission functions.

6. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The uninterruptible power supply 208 of the electric control system is internally provided with an energy storage battery, which can meet the system operation time of ≥ 3 hours.

7. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The programmable PLC controller 206 is provided with a wireless communication module, which supports the mobile phone APP to remotely control, monitor, alarm, and query fault records of the device.

8. A centrifugal air conditioning and water heating device driven by low temperature waste heat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generator 100, the centrifugal compressor 101, the condenser 103, the evaporator 104, the chilled water tank 301 and the cooling water tank 302, as well as the auxiliary equipment and the electric control system are uniformly arranged in a layered cabinet, which is arranged in four layers from top to bottom: the top layer is the electric control box, the second layer is the steam generator 100, the centrifugal compressor 101, the condenser 103, the evaporator 104 and the auxiliary pipelines, valves, and circulating pumps, the third layer is the chilled water tank 301, and the bottom layer is the cooling water tank 302.

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