Primary air heating system for garbage incinerator and garbage incineration system

Abstract

The utility model provides a primary air heating system for a garbage incinerator and a garbage incineration system, belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and is used for solving the problems of low heat value and unstable combustion of garbage in cold regions. The primary air heating system for the garbage incinerator comprises a primary air fan, a primary air steam preheater and a primary air flue gas preheater. The primary air fan is connected to the incinerator through a primary air pipeline. And the primary air steam preheater is arranged on the primary air pipeline. And the primary air flue gas preheater is arranged on the primary air pipeline. And the primary air flue gas preheater is positioned in the incinerator. According to the primary air heating system for the garbage incinerator, the temperature of primary air can be effectively increased, stable combustion of small garbage incineration in cold regions is facilitated, and the emission standard is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and in particular relates to a primary air heating system for a garbage incinerator and a garbage incineration system. Background Art

[0002] Waste incineration is one of the main ways to achieve waste reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization. After incineration, the volume of waste can generally be reduced by 80% to 90%. At the same time, various pathogens can be eliminated, harmful substances can be converted into harmless substances, and resource utilization can be achieved. The main function of primary air is to provide the required oxygen for waste combustion. The temperature of primary air is usually determined based on the low calorific value of the waste and taking into account factors such as the grate surface temperature. The higher the primary air temperature, the faster the waste dries and the more favorable the combustion. However, for small-scale waste incineration projects in cold areas, it is difficult to meet emission standards due to factors such as the low calorific value of the waste, poor heat storage capacity of the furnace, and unstable combustion. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technology.

[0004] In a first aspect, a primary air heating system for a waste incinerator is provided, comprising: a primary air fan, a primary air steam preheater and a primary air smoke preheater. The primary air fan is connected to the incinerator through a primary air duct. The primary air steam preheater is arranged on the primary air duct. The primary air smoke preheater is arranged on the primary air duct. The primary air smoke preheater is located in the incinerator.

[0005] Optionally, along the gas flow direction in the primary air duct, the primary air flue gas preheater is located downstream of the primary air steam preheater.

[0006] Optionally, the primary air duct further includes: a main line valve. Along the gas flow direction in the primary air duct, the main line valve is located upstream of the primary air steam preheater and the primary air smoke preheater.

[0007] Optionally, the primary air heating system for a waste incinerator further comprises: a first bypass pipeline. The first bypass pipeline is connected in parallel with the primary air steam preheater. A first regulating valve is arranged on the first bypass pipeline.

[0008] Optionally, the primary air heating system for the waste incinerator further comprises: a second bypass pipeline. The second bypass pipeline is connected in parallel with the primary air flue gas preheater. A second regulating valve is arranged on the second bypass pipeline.

[0009] Optionally, the primary air steam preheater comprises: a primary heating part and a secondary heating part. The gas in the primary air steam preheater can pass through the primary heating part and the secondary heating part in sequence. The heating temperature of the primary heating part is lower than the heating temperature of the secondary heating part.

[0010] In a second aspect, a waste incineration system is provided, comprising: an incinerator and the primary air heating system for the waste incinerator. The primary air fan of the primary air heating system for the waste incinerator is connected to the incinerator through a primary air duct.

[0011] Optionally, the incinerator includes a low-temperature superheater. The primary air flue gas preheater is located in the incinerator and close to the low-temperature superheater.

[0012] Optionally, the incinerator includes a high temperature superheater. The primary air flue gas preheater is located in the incinerator and close to the high temperature superheater.

[0013] Optionally, the garbage incineration system further includes: a garbage drying system and a flue gas purification system. The garbage drying system is arranged at the feed end of the incinerator. The flue gas purification system is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator.

[0014] Beneficial Effects

[0015] 1. The primary air heating system for a garbage incinerator provided by the utility model includes a primary air fan, a primary air steam preheater and a primary air flue gas preheater. The primary air fan is connected to the incinerator through a primary air duct. The primary air steam preheater and the primary air flue gas preheater are both arranged on the primary air duct, and the primary air flue gas preheater is located in the incinerator. The primary air fan can input the gas into the ash hopper of the incinerator through the primary air duct to provide sufficient oxygen for garbage combustion. In the process of flowing to the incinerator, the gas in the primary air duct can be heated by the primary air steam preheater and the primary air flue gas preheater, which can effectively increase the temperature of the primary air, which is beneficial to the stable combustion of small-scale garbage incineration in cold areas to meet emission standards. And the primary air flue gas preheater of the utility model is located in the incinerator, and its heat source comes from the flue gas in the incinerator, so there is no need to set up an additional heat source, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0016] 2. The garbage incineration system provided by the utility model includes an incinerator and the above-mentioned primary air heating system for the garbage incinerator. The primary air heating system can effectively increase the temperature of the primary air entering the incinerator, thereby ensuring that the garbage in the incinerator can be fully burned, and is also conducive to improving the efficiency of garbage incineration in the incinerator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a primary air heating system for a waste incinerator according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 A layout diagram of a primary air flue gas preheater according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a primary air heating system for a garbage incinerator according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a garbage incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The reference numerals are:

[0022] 1. Primary air fan; 2. Primary air duct; 3. Primary air steam preheater; 4. Primary air flue gas preheater; 5. Main pipeline valve; 6. First bypass pipeline; 7. First regulating valve; 8. Second bypass pipeline; 9. Second regulating valve;

[0023] 31. Primary heating section; 32. Secondary heating section;

[0024] 41. Smoke;

[0025] 01. Primary air heating system; 02. Incinerator; 03. Garbage drying system; 04. Flue gas purification system;

[0026] 021. Ash hopper; 022. Low-temperature superheater. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0028] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] In a first aspect, this embodiment provides a primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 A layout diagram of a primary air flue gas preheater provided in this embodiment.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator in this embodiment includes: a primary air fan 1, a primary air steam preheater 3 and a primary air smoke preheater 4. The primary air fan 1 is connected to the incinerator 02 through a primary air duct 2. The primary air steam preheater 3 is arranged on the primary air duct 2. The primary air smoke preheater 4 is arranged on the primary air duct 2. The primary air smoke preheater 4 is located in the incinerator 02.

[0033] For some examples, see Figure 1 The primary air fan 1 includes a motor, an impeller and a regulating control system. The motor is connected to the impeller and drives the impeller to rotate to provide primary air with a certain pressure and a certain flow rate to the incinerator 02. The regulating control system is connected to the motor and is used to regulate the motor, thereby regulating the pressure and flow rate of the primary air.

[0034] For some examples, see Figure 1 The primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air smoke preheater 4 can adopt any one of the tube box type, the wind hood rotary type and the heating surface rotary type. This embodiment does not impose too many restrictions on this.

[0035] For some examples, see Figure 1 The primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air smoke preheater 4 may use the same air preheater or different types of air preheaters, and this embodiment does not impose too many restrictions on this.

[0036] The primary air heating system 01 for a garbage incinerator of this embodiment includes a primary air fan 1, a primary air steam preheater 3 and a primary air flue gas preheater 4. The primary air fan 1 is connected to the incinerator 02 through a primary air duct 2. The primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air flue gas preheater 4 are both arranged on the primary air duct 2, and the primary air flue gas preheater 4 is located in the incinerator 02. The primary air fan 1 can input the gas into the ash hopper 021 of the incinerator 02 through the primary air duct 2 to provide sufficient oxygen for garbage combustion. In the process of the gas in the primary air duct 2 flowing to the incinerator 02, it can be heated by the primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air flue gas preheater 4, which effectively increases the temperature of the primary air, which is conducive to the stable combustion of small-scale garbage incineration in cold areas to meet emission standards. And the primary air flue gas preheater 4 of the utility model is located in the incinerator 02, and its heat source comes from the flue gas 41 in the incinerator 02, and there is no need to set up an additional heat source, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, along the gas flow direction in the primary air duct 2, the primary air flue gas preheater 4 is located downstream of the primary air steam preheater 3.

[0038] For some examples, see Figure 1 The primary air duct 2 may further include a gas valve, which is disposed between the primary air smoke preheater 4 and the primary air steam preheater 3. In this embodiment, a gas valve is disposed between the primary air smoke preheater 4 and the primary air steam preheater 3, which can cut off the primary air in the primary air steam preheater 3 from entering the primary air smoke preheater 4, and facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the primary air smoke preheater 4.

[0039] It should be noted that when the temperature of the environment in which the primary air flue gas preheater 4 is located is lower than the heating temperature of the primary air steam preheater 3 , the primary air flue gas preheater 4 can also be arranged upstream of the primary air steam preheater 3 .

[0040] The primary air flue gas preheater 4 of this embodiment is located downstream of the primary air steam preheater 3, and can achieve step-by-step heating of the gas in the primary air duct 2, which is beneficial to improving the heating efficiency and temperature of the primary air.

[0041] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the primary air duct 2 further includes: a main line valve 5. Along the gas flow direction in the primary air duct 2, the main line valve 5 is located upstream of the primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air smoke preheater 4.

[0042] For some examples, see Figure 1The main line valve 5 includes a regulating valve. The regulating valve can be any one of a manual regulating valve, an electric regulating valve, and a pneumatic regulating valve. This embodiment does not impose too many restrictions on this. The main line valve 5 of this embodiment includes a regulating valve, which can adjust the air volume and pressure of the primary air as needed, and is convenient and flexible to use.

[0043] For some examples, see Figure 1 The main line valve 5 includes a throttle valve. The throttle valve can be any one of a full-diameter throttle valve, a single-seat throttle valve, and a double-seat throttle valve. This embodiment does not impose too many restrictions on this. The main line valve 5 of this embodiment includes a throttle valve, which has high precision and can adjust the flow rate and pressure by adjusting the medium flow rate.

[0044] The primary air duct 2 of this embodiment is provided with a main line valve 5, which can control and regulate the fluid in the primary air duct 2 and is easy to use.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator further includes: a first bypass pipe 6. The first bypass pipe 6 is connected in parallel with the primary air steam preheater 3. A first regulating valve 7 is provided on the first bypass pipe 6.

[0046] In some examples, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first bypass pipe 6 is connected in parallel with the main line valve 5 and the primary air steam preheater 3, and can bypass the main line valve 5 and the primary air steam preheater 3, facilitating the pipeline switching and adjustment of the primary air system.

[0047] For some examples, see Figure 1 The first regulating valve 7 can be any one of a manual regulating valve, an electric regulating valve, and a pneumatic regulating valve, and this embodiment does not impose too many restrictions on this.

[0048] This embodiment can bypass the primary air steam preheater 3 by setting the first bypass pipe 6. When the calorific value of the garbage is high, the main line valve 5 can be closed and the first regulating valve 7 can be opened so that the primary air does not pass through the primary air steam preheater 3, but only passes through the primary air smoke preheater 4 for heating. The switching is flexible and energy saving. When the primary air steam preheater 3 fails, the main line valve 5 can be closed and the first regulating valve 7 can be opened so that the primary air does not pass through the primary air steam preheater 3, which can not only ensure the normal operation of the primary air system, but also enable the primary air steam preheater 3 to be repaired.

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator provided in this embodiment. Figure 3As shown, the primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator further includes: a second bypass pipe 8. The second bypass pipe 8 is connected in parallel with the primary air flue gas preheater 4. A second regulating valve 9 is provided on the second bypass pipe 8.

[0050] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the primary air heating system 01 includes a first bypass pipe 6 and a second bypass pipe 8. The first bypass pipe 6 is connected in parallel with the main line valve 5 and the primary air steam preheater 3, and the second bypass pipe 8 is connected in parallel with the primary air flue gas preheater 4. In this arrangement, the main line valve 5, the first regulating valve 7 and the second regulating valve 9 can be used to switch the flow direction of the primary air to meet different usage requirements. It is flexible to use, has a wide range of applications, and is easy to repair and maintain.

[0051] For some examples, see Figure 3 The second regulating valve 9 can be any one of a manual regulating valve, an electric regulating valve, and a pneumatic regulating valve, and this embodiment does not impose too many restrictions on this.

[0052] This embodiment can bypass the primary air smoke preheater 4 by setting the second bypass pipe 8. When the calorific value of the garbage is high, the second regulating valve 9 can be opened so that the primary air does not pass through the primary air smoke preheater 4, but only passes through the primary air steam preheater 3 for heating. When the primary air smoke preheater 4 fails, the second regulating valve 9 can be opened so that the primary air does not pass through the primary air smoke preheater 4, which can ensure the normal operation of the primary air heating system 01 and can also perform maintenance on the primary air smoke preheater 4.

[0053] In some examples, such as Figure 3 As shown, the primary air heating system 01 for a waste incinerator comprises: a first bypass pipe 6 and a second bypass pipe 8. The first bypass pipe 6 is connected in parallel with the primary air steam preheater 3. A first regulating valve 7 is provided on the first bypass pipe 6. The second bypass pipe 8 is connected in parallel with the primary air flue gas preheater 4. A second regulating valve 9 is provided on the second bypass pipe 8.

[0054] When the first bypass pipe 6 and the second bypass pipe 8 are both opened, the fluid in the primary air pipeline 2 can bypass the main pipeline valve 5, the primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air flue gas preheater 4 and directly enter the incinerator 02.

[0055] The primary air heating system 01 of the present embodiment includes a first bypass pipe 6 and a second bypass pipe 8, which can enable the primary air in the primary air pipe 2 to directly enter the incinerator 02 without passing through the primary air steam preheater 3 and the primary air flue gas preheater 4. When it is necessary to inspect and maintain the inside of the incinerator 02, the main line valve 5 can be closed and the first regulating valve 7 and the second regulating valve 9 can be opened to allow the primary air to directly enter the incinerator 02 to displace the flue gas in the incinerator, and it is helpful to accelerate the cooling of the furnace, so as to facilitate the smooth progress of inspection and maintenance, and it is flexible and convenient to use.

[0056] In some embodiments, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the primary air steam preheater 3 includes: a primary heating part 31 and a secondary heating part 32. The gas in the primary air steam preheater 3 can sequentially pass through the primary heating part 31 and the secondary heating part 32. The heating temperature of the primary heating part 31 is lower than the heating temperature of the secondary heating part 32.

[0057] For some examples, see Figures 1 to 4 The first-stage heating part 31 is connected to the steam turbine, and uses the steam extracted from the steam turbine as a heat source. The second-stage heating part 32 is connected to the steam drum, and uses the steam extracted from the steam drum as a heat source. With this arrangement, the first-stage heating part 31 can be heated by low-pressure steam, and the second-stage heating part 32 can be heated by high-pressure steam, thereby achieving two-stage heating of the primary air.

[0058] The secondary air steam preheater 3 of this embodiment includes: a primary heating part 31 and a secondary heating part 32, which can perform two-stage heating of the primary air, reduce the temperature difference between the primary air and the primary air flue gas preheater 4, and help to increase the temperature of the primary air. On the basis of two-stage air preheating, this embodiment sets a flue gas preheater in the incinerator 02 for three-stage preheating, which can increase the temperature of the primary air to above 260°C. It is conducive to the stable combustion of small-scale garbage incineration projects in cold areas and meets the relevant provisions of national standards.

[0059] In a second aspect, this embodiment provides a waste incineration system. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a waste incineration system provided in this embodiment.

[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the waste incineration system of this embodiment includes: an incinerator 02 and the primary air heating system 01 for the waste incinerator in the above embodiment. The primary air fan of the primary air heating system 01 for the waste incinerator is connected to the incinerator 02 through the primary air duct 2.

[0061] In some examples, such as Figure 2As shown, the incinerator 02 includes an ash hopper 021. The primary air outlet of the primary air heating system 01 is connected to the ash hopper 021. Such an arrangement can provide sufficient heat and oxygen for the combustion of garbage on the grate of the incinerator 02, and is also beneficial to the emission of smoke in the incinerator 02.

[0062] The garbage incineration system of this embodiment includes an incinerator 02 and the above-mentioned primary air heating system 01 for the garbage incinerator. The primary air heating system 01 can effectively increase the temperature of the primary air entering the incinerator 02, thereby ensuring that the garbage in the incinerator 02 can be fully burned, and is also conducive to improving the efficiency of garbage incineration in the incinerator 02.

[0063] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the incinerator 02 includes a low-temperature superheater 022. The primary air flue gas preheater 4 is located in the incinerator 02 and close to the low-temperature superheater 022.

[0064] For some examples, see Figure 2 The primary air flue gas preheater 4 can also be set at other positions of the incinerator 02, as long as it can meet the heating demand for the primary air and does not affect the normal operation of the incinerator 02.

[0065] The primary air flue gas preheater 4 of this embodiment is close to the low-temperature superheater 022. The low-temperature superheater 022 is located at the rear of the combustion chamber of the incinerator 02 or the front of the flue, receiving the flue gas emissions generated by the combustion for heat exchange. The heat transfer area is large, and the temperature is more suitable for the primary air flue gas preheater 4.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The incinerator includes a high temperature superheater. The primary air flue gas preheater 4 is located in the incinerator 02 and is close to the high temperature superheater.

[0067] The primary air flue gas preheater 4 of this embodiment is close to the high temperature superheater. The high temperature superheater has a higher temperature, which can enable the primary air flue gas preheater 4 to obtain a higher heating temperature, which is beneficial to further improve the combustion efficiency of garbage.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the garbage incineration system further includes: a garbage drying system 03 and a flue gas purification system 04. The garbage drying system 03 is arranged at the feed end of the incinerator 02. The flue gas purification system 04 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator 02.

[0069] For some examples, see Figure 4The garbage drying system 03 uses a drying method to preliminarily dry the garbage. The hot air used to dry the garbage in the garbage drying system 03 can come from the primary air heating system 01 of the above embodiment, or from the high-temperature flue gas in the incinerator 02. This arrangement can not only preliminarily dry the garbage to improve the combustion efficiency of the garbage, but also does not require an additional heat source, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

[0070] For some examples, see Figure 4 The flue gas purification system 04 includes a cooler, a dust collector, a purifier, an induced draft fan and a chimney connected in sequence. With such a configuration, the flue gas generated by the incinerator 02 is cooled by the cooler, enters the dust collector to remove dust, then enters the purifier to remove harmful substances in the flue gas, and finally is introduced into the chimney by the induced draft fan for discharge. This can not only improve the air quality of the operating environment, but also prevent the exhaust flue gas from polluting the atmospheric environment.

[0071] The garbage incineration system of this embodiment also includes a garbage drying treatment system 03 and a flue gas purification system 04. The garbage drying treatment system 03 can perform preliminary drying treatment on the garbage entering the incinerator 02, which is beneficial to the full combustion of the garbage and improves the combustion efficiency of the garbage. The flue gas purification system 04 can purify the flue gas generated by the incineration to meet the emission standards and avoid pollution to the environment.

[0072] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above-mentioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0073] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above are only preferred implementations of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A primary air heating system for a waste incinerator, characterized in that: include: A primary air fan, wherein the primary air fan is connected to the incinerator through a primary air duct; A primary air steam preheater is arranged on the primary air duct; A primary air flue gas preheater is arranged on the primary air duct; the primary air flue gas preheater is located in the incinerator.

2. The primary air heating system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the gas flow direction in the primary air duct, the primary air flue gas preheater is located downstream of the primary air steam preheater.

3. The primary air heating system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary air duct also includes: A main line valve is located upstream of the primary air steam preheater and the primary air flue gas preheater along the gas flow direction in the primary air duct.

4. The primary air heating system for a waste incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Also includes: a first bypass pipeline, the first bypass pipeline being connected in parallel with the primary air steam preheater; The first bypass pipeline is provided with a first regulating valve.

5. The primary air heating system for a waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: a second bypass pipe, the second bypass pipe being connected in parallel with the primary air flue gas preheater; The second bypass pipeline is provided with a second regulating valve.

6. The primary air heating system for a waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary air steam preheater comprises: a primary heating part and a secondary heating part; The gas in the primary air steam preheater can pass through the primary heating part and the secondary heating part in sequence; The heating temperature of the primary heating part is lower than the heating temperature of the secondary heating part.

7. A garbage incineration system, characterized in that: include: Incinerators; According to any one of claims 1 to 6, the primary air heating system for a waste incinerator is connected to the incinerator through the primary air duct.

8. The waste incineration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The incinerator comprises: a low temperature superheater; The primary air flue gas preheater is located in the incinerator and close to the low-temperature superheater.

9. The waste incineration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The incinerator comprises: a high temperature superheater; The primary air flue gas preheater is located in the incinerator and close to the high-temperature superheater.

10. The waste incineration system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The waste incineration system also includes: A garbage drying and processing system is arranged at the feeding end of the incinerator; The flue gas purification system is connected to the flue gas outlet of the incinerator.

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