Cushion for patients in supine position after nephrostomy

Abstract

The present invention relates to a backrest for patients lying after nephrostomy, comprising a backrest body, the backrest body comprising an elastic support and an absorption pad, the elastic support comprising a base plate and an elastic inclined plate, the elastic inclined plate being arranged on the base plate in a slope shape, thereby forming a wedge-shaped space between the elastic inclined plate and the base plate, the elastic inclined plate being U-shaped, the bottom of the elastic inclined plate being connected to the side of the base plate and being elastically compressed, the absorption pad being placed in the wedge-shaped space, the absorption pad having a contact portion corresponding to the U-shaped cavity of the elastic inclined plate and contacting with human skin, the contact portion extending out of the U-shaped cavity of the elastic inclined plate and an opening corresponding to the support surface of the elastic inclined plate supporting the human body, and a positioning recess for positioning and passing through a nephrostomy tube is provided on the U-shaped opening side of the elastic inclined plate. The support part and the absorption part are designed separately, which has the advantages of good support effect and leakage absorption effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a medical auxiliary device, more specifically an auxiliary device in clinical nursing, more specifically a cushion used for supporting a patient in a lying position and absorbing exudate when the patient is placed in a lying position after nephrostomy. Background Art

[0002] Indwelling nephrostomy tube is one of the important means of upper urinary tract drainage. For patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in urology, the postoperative anesthesia nursing requires a comfortable lying position, which is not conducive to the recovery of the gastrointestinal tract after surgery and may even cause pressure sores on the skin due to long-term pressure. At the same time, the particularity of the placement of the nephrostomy tube can easily cause the tube to be compressed or tortuous when lying flat or semi-sitting. In addition, patients often have urine leakage at the wound after nephrostomy surgery. Therefore, patients usually use pillows and quilts under their backs when lying in bed after surgery. On the one hand, they play a supporting role to ensure that the patient has a certain comfortable position. On the other hand, they absorb the exudate to ensure that the patient's skin is dry and comfortable. However, it still has the defects of poor support effect and easy compression of the ostomy tube.

[0003] At present, there are also reports on the design of a special cushion for patients after ostomy tube surgery, such as the "Special Cushion for Patients After Nephrostomy" (authorized publication number CN204106424U) disclosed in the patent document with patent number CN201420574111.9, which adopts a wedge-shaped cushion body, and the wedge-shaped top of the cushion body is provided with a groove for the ostomy tube to pass through. The cushion body is composed of a cushion cover and a cushion core, and the cushion core is made of high-density sponge to ensure the support strength and have a certain absorption capacity; but the cushion of this structure has the following defects: in order to obtain high support strength, a high-density sponge is used for processing and formation, but the sponge's absorption and accommodation capacity for leaking liquid is sacrificed; at the same time, the sponge used for absorption is severely compressed during support, and its pores for accommodating leaking liquid are reduced, resulting in unsatisfactory absorption effect. In addition, the main supporting part of the above-mentioned cushion is the cushion core, which is not adjustable, and the patient cannot change the body position. The patient maintains a body position for a long time, and the comfort is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a cushion for placing patients in a supine position after nephrostomy surgery, which has a separate design of a supporting part and an absorbing part and has good supporting effect and leakage absorption effect.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A back cushion for placing patients in a supine position after nephrostomy surgery, comprising a back cushion body, characterized in that: the back cushion body comprises an elastic support and an absorption pad, the elastic support comprises a base plate and an elastic inclined leaning plate, the elastic inclined leaning plate is arranged on the base plate in a slope shape, thereby forming a wedge-shaped space between the elastic inclined leaning plate and the base plate, the elastic inclined leaning plate is U-shaped, the bottom of the elastic inclined leaning plate is connected to the side of the base plate and can be elastically compressed, the absorption pad is placed in the wedge-shaped space, the absorption pad has a contact portion corresponding to the U-shaped cavity of the elastic inclined leaning plate and contacting with human skin, the contact portion extends out of the U-shaped cavity of the elastic inclined leaning plate and an opening corresponding to the support surface of the elastic inclined leaning plate supporting the human body, and a positioning recess is provided on the U-shaped opening side of the elastic inclined leaning plate for positioning and passing through a nephrostomy tube.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the user-supporting part and the absorbing part are designed separately, thereby avoiding the defect of poor absorption and storage effect of leaked liquid caused by excessive compression of the absorbent pad.

[0008] Preferably, the elastic inclined backrest includes a U-shaped rigid backrest body and an elastically compressible U-shaped flexible water-proof gasket, and the U-shaped flexible water-proof gasket is attached to the supporting top surface of the U-shaped rigid backrest body. Under this structural design, comfort is provided. At the same time, it prevents leakage of liquid and ensures that the patient is dry and comfortable.

[0009] Preferably, the edge of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket corresponding to the U-shaped opening has a rim that outwardly wraps the edge of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped rigid support plate. Under this structural design, the reliability of leak prevention is improved.

[0010] Preferably, the absorbent pad includes a pad cover and an absorbent pad core for absorbing exudate, the pad cover includes a top pocket sheet located at the top and in contact with the human body, and a bottom pocket sheet located at the bottom and in a bowl shape, the top pocket sheet is a porous structure formed by weaving hydrophobic silk threads, the bottom pocket sheet is an anti-leakage layer made of anti-seepage material, the bottom pocket sheet is connected to the top pocket sheet to form a filling space, and the absorbent pad core is filled in the filling space. Under this structural design, the top pocket sheet in contact with the human body adopts a porous structure made of hydrophobic material, and the exudate can be quickly absorbed by the absorbent pad through the holes of the top pocket sheet, ensuring that the patient's skin is dry; because the absorbent pad is used, the patient lies on his side, and the absorbent pad is arranged at an angle with the elastic leaning plate. When the absorbent pad stores a certain amount of leaked liquid, due to the characteristic of the liquid flowing from a high position to a low position, liquid accumulation is easily formed at the low position, and the bottom pocket sheet adopts an anti-leakage design to prevent the liquid from flowing out and wetting other parts.

[0011] Preferably, a baffle extends from the inner wall of the bottom pocket sheet located in the filling space, and the baffle extends along the width direction of the elastic leaning plate. The baffle is integrally connected with the bottom and side edges of the bottom pocket sheet, and a plurality of baffles are distributed in the filling space along the inclination direction of the elastic leaning plate, so that the bottom pocket sheet space is divided into a plurality of areas along the inclination direction of the elastic leaning plate, and the bottom of the absorbent pad core has a groove adapted to fit with the baffle. Under this structural design, according to the characteristics of nephrostomy patients lying in a reclining position, a baffle is integrally formed and connected on the bottom pocket sheet, and the space of the bottom pocket sheet is divided, thereby preventing the leakage liquid from flowing and gathering too much to a low position, providing the absorption pad with an absorption and storage effect on the leakage liquid, and reducing the number of replacements.

[0012] Preferably, the absorbent pad is equipped with a replacement alarm device, a detection hole is opened in the middle of the bottom wall of the bottom pocket sheet, and the replacement alarm device includes a humidity sensor corresponding to the detection hole, and the humidity sensor is connected to an alarm for alarming at a certain humidity. Under this structural design, when the absorbent pad is used to a certain extent, it reminds medical staff to replace it, so as to provide better care for the patient, and the alarm can use sound alarm or light reminder.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning recess comprises a boss integrally formed on the absorbent pad core, the boss has a notch, and correspondingly, the top pocket sheet has a sleeve structure in which the boss and the notch fit together. Under this structural design, the positioning recess is formed on the absorbent pad, which facilitates the absorbent pad to be installed in the U-shaped cavity of the elastic leaning plate.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the elastic leaning plate is pivotally connected to the base plate, an elastic support mechanism is provided between the back of the elastic leaning plate and the base plate, a group of elastic support mechanisms are provided on both sides of the U-shaped cavity of the elastic leaning plate, and the elastic support mechanism includes a positioning guide wheel and an elastic support member, a positioning guide wheel is installed on the top of the elastic support member, the top of the elastic support member is supported and matched with the elastic leaning plate through the positioning guide wheel, and the bottom of the elastic support member is positioned and supported on the base plate. Under this structural design, the elastic leaning plate is supported by the pivot connection and the elastic support mechanism, and the structure is stable and reliable.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic support member is adjustable in position on the base plate via a position adjustment mechanism, the position adjustment mechanism includes a sliding nut block, an adjusting screw and an adjusting operating end, the adjusting screw is positioned and rotatably matched on the base plate, the adjusting screw is arranged along the front-back direction, a positioning track groove is provided on the base plate along the adjusting screw direction, the sliding nut block is positioned and slidably matched in the positioning track groove and threadedly matched on the adjusting screw, the bottom of the elastic support member is fixedly mounted on the sliding nut block, and the adjusting screw is connected to the adjusting operating end via a transmission mechanism. Under this structural design, the position of the elastic support member on the base plate is adjustable, the adjusting operating end drives the adjusting screw to rotate via the transmission mechanism, thereby driving the sliding nut block to slide, thereby realizing the adjustment of the supporting position of the elastic support member on the elastic leaning plate, and finally achieving the adjustment of the inclination angle of the elastic leaning plate, completing the change of the patient's side-lying position, and improving the patient's comfort.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a first worm wheel, a first worm, a second worm wheel and a second worm, the first gear is mounted on the adjusting screw, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the second gear and the first worm wheel are mounted on the same transmission shaft and operate synchronously, the first worm wheel is meshed with the first worm, the first worms corresponding to the two elastic supports are coaxially connected via a connecting shaft, the first worm is arranged along the width direction of the substrate, the second worm wheel is mounted on the connecting shaft, the second worm wheel is meshed with the second worm, the second worm is rotated and matched on the substrate along the front and rear positioning, the adjusting operating end is arranged on the second worm, and a damping rubber is provided on the lateral side wall of the sliding nut block, and the damping rubber is frictionally matched with the side wall of the positioning track groove. Under this structural design, a worm gear is used to achieve transmission. The worm gear has the advantages of a large transmission ratio, stable transmission and low noise. The worm gear has a self-locking performance. The double worm gear transmission can ensure that the elastic support is firmly and reliably positioned. The damping rubber can provide a damping force when the sliding nut block moves, avoiding the self-locking effect due to gravity inertia in the initial stage of adjustment. At the same time, it provides resistance after the position adjustment of the sliding nut block is completed, ensuring that the position of the sliding nut block remains reliable.

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cushion structure for placing a patient in a supine position after nephrostomy surgery according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support structure of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an absorbent pad according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cushion cover in an open state (the zipper is not shown) according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the absorbent pad core of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the position adjustment mechanism according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] See attached Figures 1 to 6 The present invention discloses a back cushion for placing a patient in a supine position after nephrostomy surgery, comprising a back cushion body, wherein the back cushion body comprises an elastic support 1 and an absorbent pad 2, wherein the elastic support 1 comprises a base plate 11 and an elastic inclined plate 12, wherein the elastic inclined plate 12 is arranged on the base plate 11 in a sloped shape, thereby forming a wedge-shaped space between the elastic inclined plate 12 and the base plate 11, wherein the elastic inclined plate 12 is U-shaped, and the bottom of the elastic inclined plate 12 is connected to the side of the base plate 11 and can be elastically compressed, and the absorbent pad 2 is placed in the wedge-shaped space, and the absorbent pad 2 has a contact portion 2-1 corresponding to the U-shaped cavity 10 of the elastic inclined plate 11 and contacting with human skin, the contact portion 2-1 extends out of the U-shaped cavity 10 of the elastic inclined plate 11 and an opening corresponding to the supporting surface of the elastic inclined plate 11 supporting the human body, and a positioning recess 2-2 for positioning and passing through a nephrostomy tube is provided on the U-shaped opening side of the elastic inclined plate 11.

[0025] The elastic inclined backing plate 12 includes a U-shaped rigid backing plate body 12-1 and an elastically compressible U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket 12-2, and the U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket 12-2 is attached to the supporting top surface of the U-shaped rigid backing plate body 12-1. The edge of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket 12-2 corresponding to the edge of its U-shaped opening has a edging 12-21 that outwardly wraps the edge of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped rigid support plate 12-1. The U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket 12-2 can be designed with a flexible sponge pad outwardly wrapped with waterproof material. The waterproof material is a conventional technology in the existing material field, and can be a dense non-microporous hydrophilic thermoplastic polyurethane molecular functional layer, a rubber layer, etc. The U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket can be fixed to the U-shaped rigid backing plate body and cannot be disassembled, or it can be independently disassembled, washed, replaced, etc. through a detachable structure.

[0026] In this specific embodiment, the absorbent pad 2 includes a pad cover 21 and an absorbent pad core 22 for absorbing exudate. The absorbent pad core 22 can be made of sponge. The pad cover 21 includes a top pocket piece 211 located at the top and in contact with the human body, and a bottom pocket piece 212 located at the bottom and in a bowl shape. The top pocket piece 211 is a porous structure formed by weaving hydrophobic silk threads (in order to better show the shape structure of the absorbent pad in the invention, the porous structure is not shown in the diagram), wherein the hydrophobic material is a prior art in this field, and those skilled in the art can select it according to their needs. The bottom pocket piece is a leakage-proof layer made of waterproof material. The bottom pocket piece 212 is connected to the top pocket piece 211 to form a filling space, and the absorbent pad core 22 is filled in the filling space. Under this structural design, the top pocket sheet in contact with the human body adopts a porous structure made of hydrophobic material, and the exudate can be quickly absorbed by the absorbent pad through the holes of the top pocket sheet, ensuring that the patient's skin is dry; because when the absorbent pad is used, the patient lies on his side, and the absorbent pad is arranged at an angle with the elastic inclined plate. When the absorbent pad stores a certain amount of leaked liquid, due to the characteristics of the liquid flowing from a high position to a low position, liquid accumulation is easily formed at the low position. The bottom pocket sheet adopts a leakage-proof design to prevent the liquid from flowing out and wetting other parts. The edges of the bottom pocket sheet and the top pocket sheet are fixedly connected as a whole, and the edges of the top pocket sheet are treated with non-microporous hydrophilic thermoplastic polyurethane edging. In order to make the absorbent pad core replaceable and washable, the bottom pocket sheet is detachably connected to the corresponding non-microporous hydrophilic thermoplastic polyurethane edging near the upper position through a hidden button or zipper (this specific embodiment is preferably a zipper, not shown in the figure), so that the pad cover can be opened.

[0027] Since the nephrostomy patient is lying in bed, leaning against the support and tilting, after the absorbent pad core absorbs a certain amount of leakage, the leakage has the characteristic of flowing from a high position to a low position, which affects the absorption and storage effect of the leakage. To solve this problem, the bottom pocket sheet 212 is provided with a baffle 2121 extending from the inner wall of the filling space, and the baffle 2121 extends along the width direction ( Figure 2 The baffle 2121 is integrally connected with the bottom 212-1 of the bottom pocket sheet 212 and the side edge 212-2. A plurality of baffles are distributed in the filling space along the inclination direction of the elastic leaning plate 12, so that the bottom pocket sheet space is arranged along the inclination direction of the elastic leaning plate ( Figure 2 The bottom of the absorbent pad core 22 has a groove 221 adapted to be nested with the baffle 2121. The baffle is integrally formed on the bottom pocket sheet, and the space in the bottom pocket sheet is divided, thereby preventing the leakage liquid from flowing to the lower position and gathering too much, providing the absorption pad with absorption and storage effects on the leakage liquid, and reducing the number of replacements.

[0028] In addition, the absorbent pad 2 is equipped with a replacement alarm device, and a detection hole is provided in the middle of the bottom wall of the bottom pocket sheet 212. The replacement alarm device includes a humidity sensor 31 corresponding to the detection hole, and the humidity sensor 31 is connected to an alarm (not shown in the figure) for realizing an alarm at a certain humidity. Under this structural design, when the absorbent pad is used to a certain extent, the medical staff is reminded to replace it, so as to achieve better care for the patient. The alarm can use a sound alarm or a light reminder. The humidity sensor and the alarm are conventional technologies in this field. Those skilled in the art can select suitable devices according to their needs. The alarm receives the signal of the humidity sensor, and when the humidity value reaches a certain value, the alarm emits an alarm sound and / or emits light to achieve the purpose of the alarm.

[0029] The positioning recess comprises a boss 2-21 integrally formed on the absorbent pad core, and a notch 2-22 is formed on the boss 2-21. Correspondingly, the top pocket sheet 211 has a sleeve structure adapted to the boss 2-21 and the notch 2-22. The positioning recess is formed on the absorbent pad to facilitate the absorbent pad to be installed in the U-shaped cavity of the elastic leaning plate. A slot 12-11 is provided on the back of the leaning plate, and a wing edge is integrally formed on the edge of the non-microporous hydrophilic thermoplastic polyurethane edging of the absorbent pad 2, and the wing edge is clamped with an inserting side plate 212-3, and the inserting side plate is inserted into the slot to realize the detachable installation of the absorbent pad.

[0030] In this specific embodiment, the lower end of the elastic leaning plate 12 is pivoted with the base plate 11, and an elastic support mechanism is provided between the back of the elastic leaning plate 12 and the base plate 11. A group of elastic support mechanisms are provided on both sides of the U-shaped cavity of the elastic leaning plate 12. The elastic support mechanism includes a positioning guide wheel 13 and an elastic support member 14. The positioning guide wheel 13 is installed on the top of the elastic support member 14. The top of the elastic support member 14 is supported and matched with the elastic leaning plate 12 through the positioning guide wheel 13. A guide groove 121 is provided on the back of the elastic leaning plate 12. The positioning guide wheel 13 extends into the guide groove 121 to realize positioning and sliding guidance. The bottom of the elastic support member 14 is positioned and supported on the base plate 11. The elastic leaning plate is supported by a pivoting and elastic support mechanism, and the structure is stable and reliable. Of course, as a feasible solution of the present invention, the elastic leaning plate can be integrally formed with the base plate, and the connection between the two can be compressed to achieve elasticity. However, the structural design of this specific embodiment is adopted, and the structure is more reliable; wherein the elastic support member can be a pneumatic spring, or a telescopic sleeve structure supported by a spiral spring.

[0031] When a patient lies in bed, he or she maintains a side-lying height for a long time, which may cause fatigue and discomfort. Therefore, the patient usually needs to turn over and adjust the side-lying angle. Therefore, the elastic support member 14 is adjustable on the base plate 11 through a position adjustment mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism includes a sliding nut block 15, an adjusting screw 16 and an adjusting operation end 17. The adjusting screw 16 is positioned and rotatably matched on the base plate 11. The adjusting screw 16 is adjusted along the front-back direction ( Figure 2 The base plate 11 is provided with a positioning track groove 111 along the direction of the adjusting screw 16, the sliding nut block 15 is positioned and slidably matched in the positioning track groove 111 and threadedly matched on the adjusting screw 16, the bottom of the elastic support member 14 is fixedly mounted on the sliding nut block 15, and the adjusting screw 16 is connected to the adjusting operation end 17 through a transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a first gear 181, a second gear 182, a first worm wheel 183, a first worm 184, a second worm wheel 185 and a second worm 186, the first gear 181 is mounted on the adjusting screw 16, the first gear 181 is meshed with the second gear 182, the second gear 182 and the first worm wheel 183 are mounted on the same transmission shaft and operate synchronously, the first worm wheel 183 is meshed with the first worm 184, the first worm 184 corresponding to the two elastic support members 14 are coaxially connected through a connecting shaft 187, and the first worm 184 is connected along the width direction of the base plate 11 ( Figure 2The second worm gear 185 is arranged in the middle X direction, the second worm gear 185 is installed on the connecting shaft 187, the second worm gear 185 is meshed with the second worm 186, the second worm 186 is positioned and rotated along the front and rear sides to cooperate with the base plate 11, the adjustment operation end 17 is arranged on the second worm 186, and a damping rubber 151 is provided on the lateral side wall of the sliding nut block 15, and the damping rubber 151 is frictionally matched with the side wall of the positioning track groove 111. The position of the elastic support member 14 on the base plate 11 is adjustable, and the adjustment operation end drives the adjustment screw to rotate through the transmission mechanism, thereby driving the sliding nut block to slide, thereby realizing the adjustment of the support position of the elastic support member on the elastic leaning plate, and finally achieving the adjustment of the inclination angle of the elastic leaning plate, completing the change of the patient's side-lying position, and improving the patient's comfort. The transmission is achieved by using a worm gear, which has the advantages of a large transmission ratio, stable transmission and low noise. The worm gear has a self-locking property, and the double worm gear transmission can ensure that the elastic support is firmly and reliably positioned. The damping rubber can provide a damping force when the sliding nut block moves, thereby avoiding the self-locking effect being affected by the gravity inertia in the initial stage of adjustment. At the same time, it provides resistance after the position of the sliding nut block is adjusted, reduces the force applied to the worm gear, and ensures that the position of the sliding nut block remains reliable. Therefore, in a further setting, at least one side wall of the positioning track groove 111 is designed to achieve a gradually narrowing inclined design from the end of the positioning track groove 111 that is pivoted away from the elastic leaning plate 12 to the other end, so as to adapt to the increase in the horizontal component of the elastic support member when the elastic support member moves closer to the pivoted end of the elastic leaning plate, thereby reducing the force acting on the transmission mechanism.

Claims

1. A cushion for placing a patient in a supine position after nephrostomy surgery, comprising a cushion body, characterized in that: The cushion body includes an elastic support and an absorbent pad. The elastic support includes a base plate and an elastic inclined plate. The elastic inclined plate is arranged on the base plate in a slope shape, so as to form a wedge-shaped space between the elastic inclined plate and the base plate. The elastic inclined plate is U-shaped. The bottom of the elastic inclined plate is connected to the side of the base plate and can be elastically compressed. The absorbent pad is placed in the wedge-shaped space. The absorbent pad includes a pad cover and an absorbent pad core for absorbing exudate. The absorbent pad has a contact portion corresponding to the U-shaped cavity of the elastic inclined plate and contacting with human skin. The contact portion extends out of the U-shaped cavity of the elastic inclined plate and an opening corresponding to the support surface of the elastic inclined plate supporting the human body. A positioning recess for positioning and passing through a renal stoma tube is provided on the U-shaped opening side of the elastic inclined plate. The elastic inclined plate includes a U-shaped rigid leaning plate body and an elastically compressible U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket. The U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket is attached to the supporting top surface of the U-shaped rigid leaning plate body.

2. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped flexible waterproof gasket corresponding to the U-shaped opening has a edging that outwardly wraps the edge of the U-shaped opening of the U-shaped rigid supporting plate.

3. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbent pad comprises a pad cover and an absorbent pad core for absorbing exudate, the pad cover comprises a top pocket piece located at the top and in contact with the human body, and a bottom pocket piece located at the bottom and in a bowl shape, the top pocket piece is a porous structure formed by weaving hydrophobic silk threads, the bottom pocket piece is a leakage-proof layer made of impermeable material, the bottom pocket piece is connected to the top pocket piece to form a filling space, and the absorbent pad core is filled in the filling space.

4. The backrest for placing a patient in a supine position after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: A baffle extends from the inner wall of the bottom pocket piece located in the filling space, and the baffle extends along the width direction of the elastic inclined plate. The baffle is integrally connected to the bottom and side edges of the bottom pocket piece, and a plurality of baffles are distributed along the inclination direction of the elastic inclined plate in the filling space, thereby dividing the bottom pocket piece space into a plurality of areas along the inclination direction of the elastic inclined plate, and the bottom of the absorbent pad core has a groove that fits and nests with the baffle.

5. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: The absorbent pad is equipped with a replacement alarm device. A detection hole is provided in the middle of the bottom wall of the bottom pocket piece. The replacement alarm device includes a humidity sensor corresponding to the detection hole. The humidity sensor is connected to an alarm for realizing an alarm at a certain humidity.

6. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: The positioning recess comprises a boss integrally formed on the absorbent pad core, the boss is provided with a notch, and correspondingly, the top pocket sheet is provided with a sleeve structure in which the boss and the notch are matched.

7. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the elastic leaning plate is pivotally connected to the base plate, an elastic supporting mechanism is provided between the back side of the elastic leaning plate and the base plate, a group of elastic supporting mechanisms are provided on both lateral sides of the U-shaped cavity of the elastic leaning plate, the elastic supporting mechanism includes a positioning guide wheel and an elastic supporting member, a positioning guide wheel is installed on the top of the elastic supporting member, the top of the elastic supporting member is slidably supported by the elastic leaning plate through the positioning guide wheel, and the bottom of the elastic supporting member is positioned and supported on the base plate.

8. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic support member is adjustable in position on the base plate via a position adjustment mechanism. The position adjustment mechanism includes a sliding nut block, an adjusting screw and an adjusting operating end. The adjusting screw is positioned and rotatably matched on the base plate. The adjusting screw is arranged along the front-to-back direction. A positioning track groove is provided on the base plate along the direction of the adjusting screw. The sliding nut block is positioned and slidably matched in the positioning track groove and threadedly matched on the adjusting screw. The bottom of the elastic support member is fixedly mounted on the sliding nut block, and the adjusting screw is connected to the adjusting operating end via a transmission mechanism.

9. The backrest for supine placement of a patient after nephrostomy surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, a first worm wheel, a first worm, a second worm wheel and a second worm. The first gear is installed on the adjusting screw, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the second gear and the first worm wheel are installed on the same transmission shaft and operate synchronously, the first worm wheel is meshed with the first worm, the first worms corresponding to the two elastic support members are coaxially connected via a connecting shaft, the first worm is arranged along the width direction of the substrate, the second worm wheel is installed on the connecting shaft, the second worm wheel is meshed with the second worm, the second worm is rotated and matched on the substrate along the front and rear positioning, the adjusting operating end is arranged on the second worm, and a damping rubber is provided on the lateral side wall of the sliding nut block, and the damping rubber is frictionally matched with the side wall of the positioning track groove.

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