A sharp ridge cutting tooth

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sharp-ridge cutting tooth, comprising a tooth column and a tooth crown arranged at the upper end of the tooth column, characterized in that the tooth crown is formed by at least three transition surfaces intersecting obliquely upward and forward, presenting an approximate pyramidal shape, forming at least three upwardly protruding edges or ridges, the upper ends of the edges or ridges intersecting at the top of the tooth crown, and the lower ends to the outer peripheral edge of the tooth crown, two deflected wedge surfaces are correspondingly arranged on both sides of at least one edge or ridge on the edge of the tooth crown, the two deflected wedge surfaces intersect with the two transition surfaces to form two side edges, the front ends of the two side edges intersect at both sides of the lower edge of the edge or ridge to form a sharp-ridge cutting edge. The present invention sets a multi-edge sharp-ridge cutting edge, the sharp ridge part can effectively wedge into the formation, effectively release the formation stress, and improve the rock breaking efficiency; the sharp ridge part to the tooth top plane can effectively disperse the stress borne by the cutting tooth when breaking the rock, and improve the impact resistance of the cutting tooth; the present invention can improve the anti-abrasion ability of the drill bit and extend the service life of the drill bit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a sharp ridge cutting tooth, which is applied to the technical field of oil and natural gas drilling. Background Art

[0002] In the exploration and development of oil and gas resources in recent years, deep well drilling and ultra-deep well drilling have become the main force to improve the development of oil and gas resources. In such oil and gas drilling, hard formations and interlayer formations are often encountered, and as the well depth increases, the drilling cost is getting higher and higher. Therefore, improving the drilling speed of hard formations and interlayer formations has become an important way and method to shorten the drilling cycle and reduce drilling costs. At present, drilling with PDC drill bits has become the standard of conduct in the oil drilling industry; however, in drilling practice, the downhole working conditions are complex, and PDC drill bit tooth collapse is the main failure form, which is also a difficult point to overcome in terms of materials and structures; and replacing the drill bit on site will increase the time of drilling and drilling operations, and increase drilling costs.

[0003] The higher the penetration rate, the smaller the drill bit will be, the faster it will be to push the drill bit deeper and deeper, so the drill bit will not be more prone to wear and tear.PDC drill bits have higher penetration rates, which means they can only be used to push the drill bit deeper and deeper. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sharp ridge cutting tooth in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, which not only has high rock breaking efficiency but also has strong impact resistance and long service life.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is as follows: it includes a tooth column and a tooth crown arranged at the upper end of the tooth column, characterized in that the tooth crown is formed by at least three transition surfaces intersecting upward and forward, presenting an approximate pyramidal shape, forming at least three upwardly protruding edges or ridges, the upper ends of the edges or ridges intersecting at the top of the tooth crown, and the lower ends extending to the outer peripheral edge of the tooth crown, and two deflected wedge surfaces are correspondingly arranged on both sides of at least one edge or ridge on the edge of the tooth crown, the two deflected wedge surfaces intersecting with the two transition surfaces form two side edges, the front ends of the two side edges intersecting at the two sides of the lower edge of the edge or ridge to form a pointed ridge-shaped cutting edge.

[0006] According to the above scheme, the number of the transition surfaces is 3 to 4, and the 3 to 4 transition surfaces are the same or different surfaces.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the transition surface is 3 or 4 flat inclined surfaces, concave surfaces or convex surfaces, and the edges or ridges formed are linear edges or ridges.

[0008] According to the above solution, the top of the tooth crown is a triangle, the three sides of the triangle are adjacent to the three transition surfaces respectively, and the three corners of the triangle are connected to the three edges or ridges respectively.

[0009] According to the above solution, the top of the tooth crown is a quadrilateral, the four sides of the quadrilateral are respectively adjacent to the four transition surfaces, and the four corners of the quadrilateral are respectively connected to the four edges or ridges.

[0010] According to the above solution, the angle formed by the edge or ridge and the axis of the tooth column is 45 to 87 degrees.

[0011] According to the above solution, the angle between the offset wedge surface and the axis of the tooth column is 0 to 75°.

[0012] According to the above solution, the angle formed by the vertical projection line of the side edge on the bottom surface of the tooth crown and the vertical projection line of the edge or ridge on the bottom surface of the tooth crown is 30-75°.

[0013] According to the above scheme, the tooth column is composed of cemented carbide, and the tooth crown or the tooth crown surface is composed of a polycrystalline diamond layer;.

[0014] According to the above scheme, the cross section of the ridge is an arc surface with a width of 1 to 5 mm.

[0015] According to the above scheme, the tooth column is cylindrical; the offset wedge surface can be a plane, a convex arc surface, a concave arc surface, a serrated surface or a wavy surface, and the two offset wedge surfaces can be symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By setting a multi-faceted sharp ridge cutting edge, the sharp ridge portion can be effectively wedged into the formation, effectively releasing the formation stress and improving the rock breaking efficiency; 2. The sharp ridge portion to the tooth top plane can effectively disperse the stress borne by the cutting tooth when breaking rock, thereby improving the impact resistance of the cutting tooth; 3. Since the sharp ridge cutting teeth produce pre-crushing of the formation when breaking rock, the formation and rock chips are effectively cut open, and when drilling into hard formations and interlayer formations, the formation stress is effectively released, thereby reducing the difficulty of the drill bit in breaking rock and improving the adaptability of the drill bit to the formation; 3. Compared with conventional circular cutting teeth and pointed cutting teeth, the present invention can improve the drill bit's ability to resist abrasion and extend the service life of the drill bit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a top view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4It is a stereogram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a front view of the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a front view of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 A three-dimensional diagram of embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0025] Fig. 9 A three-dimensional diagram of embodiment 6 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Embodiment 1: Figure 1 , 2 As shown in , 3, it includes a cylindrical tooth column 1 and a tooth crown 9 arranged at the upper end of the tooth column. The tooth column is made of cemented carbide, and the tooth crown or the tooth crown surface is composed of a polycrystalline diamond layer. The thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 1-6mm, and the tooth column and the tooth crown are sintered into one. The tooth crown is formed by three identical transition surfaces 3a, 3b, and 3c that intersect upward and forward, and are approximately in the shape of a triangular pyramid, forming three upwardly protruding ridges 2. The upper ends of the three ridges intersect at the top of the tooth crown, and the lower ends extend to the outer peripheral edge 5 of the tooth crown. The three transition surfaces are three flat inclined surfaces, and the edges or ridges formed are linear ridges. The cross-section of the ridge is an arc surface with a width of 3 mm. The top 10 of the tooth crown is a plane triangle, and the three sides of the triangle are respectively adjacent to the three transition surfaces, and the three corners of the triangle are respectively connected to the three ridges. Two offset wedge surfaces 4a, 4b are correspondingly arranged on both sides of a ridge on the edge of the crown. The two offset wedge surfaces intersect with the two transition surfaces 3a, 3b to form two side edges 7. The front ends of the two side edges meet on both sides of the lower edge of the ridge to form a sharp ridge cutting edge 8. The lower end of the ridge and the two side edges connected to it can be chamfered. The angle ω formed by the ridge and the axis of the tooth column in this embodiment is 80°; the angles α and β between the two offset wedge surfaces and the axis of the tooth column are both 30°; the angles γ and θ formed by the vertical projection lines of the two side edges on the bottom surface of the crown and the vertical projection lines of the ridge on the bottom surface of the crown are both 42°. The bottom surface of the crown is parallel to the bottom surface 6 of the tooth column.

[0028] When the cutting teeth of this embodiment are working, under a relatively low drilling pressure, the top surface of the teeth first contacts the formation. Due to its small area, it is easy to wedge into the formation, playing a role in pre-breaking the formation. As the drilling pressure increases, the teeth dig deeper into the formation, and part of the transition surfaces 3a, 3b and part of the offset wedge surfaces 4a, 4b contact the formation to break the rock together. Because the top of the tooth crown is a flat structure, it can effectively resist and disperse the stress borne by the cutting teeth when working, playing an anti-collapse effect.

[0029] Embodiment 2: Figure 4 The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the lower end of the offset wedge surface extends to the bottom surface of the body, that is, the angles α and β formed by the two offset wedge surfaces (4a, 4b) and the axis of the tooth column are both 0°, that is, the two offset wedge surfaces are parallel to the central axis of the body.

[0030] Embodiment 3: Figure 5 The third embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the transition surfaces 3a and 3b are asymmetrical, the transition surface 3a is a convex arc surface, the transition surface 3b is a concave arc surface, the two deflection wedge surfaces (4a, 4b) are asymmetric deflection wedge surfaces, the angle β formed by the deflection wedge surface 4a and the axis of the tooth column is 25°, and the angle α formed by the deflection wedge surface 4b and the axis of the cylindrical body is 30°.

[0031] Embodiment 4: Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the fourth embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, except that: the angles α and β formed by the two offset wedge surfaces (4a, 4b) and the axis of the tooth column are both 0°, that is, the two offset wedge surfaces are parallel to the central axis of the body, the two offset wedge surfaces (4a, 4b) are asymmetric offset wedge surfaces, the offset wedge surface 4a is a sawtooth surface or a wavy surface, and the offset wedge surface 4b is a concave arc surface.

[0032] Embodiment 5: Figure 8 The angles α and β formed by the two offset wedge surfaces (4a, 4b) and the axis of the tooth column are both 30°. The cutting tooth is positioned by a groove 11 provided on the bottom surface of the body, which serves as a reference for installation and positioning.

[0033] Example 6: Fig. 9 The sixth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that the sixth embodiment is a sharp ridge tooth formed by four convex ridges, with four identical transition surfaces, the top of the tooth crown is a quadrilateral, the four sides of the quadrilateral are respectively adjacent to the four transition surfaces, and the four corners of the quadrilateral are respectively connected to the four convex ridges. The transition surfaces 3a and 3b are symmetrically arranged, the angle ω is 80°, and the angles α and β formed by the two offset wedge surfaces (4a, 4b) and the axis of the tooth column are both 30°.

Claims

1. A sharp ridge cutting tooth, comprising a tooth column and a tooth crown arranged at the upper end of the tooth column, characterized in that The tooth crown is formed by at least three transition surfaces intersecting upward and forward obliquely, presenting an approximate pyramid shape, forming at least three upwardly protruding edges or ridges, the upper ends of the edges or ridges intersecting at the top of the tooth crown, and the lower ends reaching the outer peripheral edge of the tooth crown, and two deflected wedge surfaces are correspondingly arranged on both sides of at least one edge or ridge on the edge of the tooth crown, the two deflected wedge surfaces intersecting with the two transition surfaces form two side edges, the front ends of the two side edges intersecting at both sides of the lower edge of the edge or ridge to form a pointed ridge cutting edge; the number of the transition surfaces is 3 to 4, and the 3 to 4 transition surfaces are the same or different surfaces; the top of the tooth crown is a triangle, the three sides of the triangle are respectively adjacent to the three transition surfaces, and the three corners of the triangle are respectively connected to the three edges or ridges; or, the top of the tooth crown is a quadrilateral, the four sides of the quadrilateral are respectively adjacent to the four transition surfaces, and the four corners of the quadrilateral are respectively connected to the four edges or ridges.

2. The sharp ridge cutting tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that The transition surface is 3 or 4 flat inclined surfaces, concave surfaces or convex surfaces, and the formed edges or ridges are linear edges or ridges.

3. The sharp ridge cutting tooth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The angle formed by the edge or ridge and the axis of the tooth column is 45-87°.

4. The sharp ridge cutting tooth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The included angle between the offset wedge surface and the axis of the tooth column is 0-75°.

5. The sharp ridge cutting tooth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The angle formed by the vertical projection line of the side edge on the bottom surface of the tooth crown and the vertical projection line of the edge or ridge on the bottom surface of the tooth crown is 30-75°.

6. The sharp ridge cutting tooth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The tooth column is cylindrical; the offset wedge surface is a plane, a convex arc surface, a concave arc surface, a sawtooth surface or a wave surface, and the two offset wedge surfaces can be symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged.

7. The sharp ridge cutting tooth according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The tooth column is made of hard alloy, and the tooth crown or tooth crown surface is made of polycrystalline diamond layer; the cross section of the convex ridge is a circular arc surface with a width of 1 to 5 mm.

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