A portable collection device and detection method for chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings and a detection method; the device includes a tripod, a two-way atmospheric sampler, a first sand core funnel, a second sand core funnel, and a first and a second anti-backflow device; the two-way atmospheric sampler is arranged on the tripod, the first sand core funnel and the second sand core funnel are arranged on the left and right sides of the two-way atmospheric sampler respectively, one end of the first anti-backflow device is connected to the large diameter end of the first sand core funnel through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the two-way atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube; one end of the second anti-backflow device is connected to the large diameter end of the second sand core funnel through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the two-way atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube. The device and detection method of the present invention can eliminate the influence of factors such as average wind speed and wind direction, and obtain the chloride ion concentration on the outer surface of the building through the relationship between the chloride ion concentration in the air and the surface concentration of the building.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings and a method for detecting the same, which mainly include a method for collecting gas on the surface of coastal buildings, sealed transportation and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] In the atmospheric environment of coastal areas, due to the high salt content of seawater, the air flow above the sea level carries chloride ions to the land along with the sea breeze. Chloride ions are the main component of seawater salt, which has a significant impact on the corrosion of buildings, especially concrete buildings and metal structural components. The higher the chloride ion content in the air, the greater the amount of deposition on the outer surface of the building, which has a huge impact on the society's economy. Therefore, it is very important to detect chloride ions on the outer surface of buildings.

[0003] At present, there are two main methods for collecting chloride ions: wet candle method and hanging plate method. Among them, the collection method of chloride ions in ISO9223 standard is wet candle method, while the collection method commonly used by domestic atmospheric websites is hanging plate method. The sampling devices of the two methods are shown in Figure 1 , 2 The analysis methods are mercury titration and spectrophotometry. The collection and comparative analysis of different chloride ion concentrations show that the chloride ion precipitation rates obtained by the wet candle method and the hanging plate method are significantly different; in the case of high wind speed, both methods will produce large errors; at the same time, both methods do not reflect the surface conditions of the building.

[0004] Through searching the existing patent documents, it is found that the Chinese utility model patent with application number 201520758395.1 discloses a collection device for measuring the amount of chloride ion deposition in the atmospheric environment; it includes a collection bottle and a chloride ion collection device inserted into the collection bottle; the collection bottle includes a bottle body and a liquid collection tray containing a solution, and the liquid collection tray is installed at the lower part of the bottle body; the chloride ion collection device includes a column core, a slot, a clamp and a tubular gauze, the tubular gauze is sleeved on the column core, the slot clamps and seals the gauze above the column core, the clamp fixes the gauze in the middle of the column core and inserts it into the bottle mouth, and the free end of the gauze naturally droops and immerses in the solution in the bottle. The use of this device to measure the amount of chloride ion deposition also has the defects of generating large errors when the wind speed is high; and it cannot reflect the condition of the surface of the building. Summary of the invention

[0005] Since the wind speed in coastal areas is generally high and the chloride ion content on the surface of buildings is directly affected, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a portable coastal building surface chloride ion collection device and detection method; the device establishes a correlation with the chloride ions on the surface of the building, and the method combines the influencing factors in the collection process to better realize the collection, determination and conversion of chloride ions on the surface of buildings in coastal areas.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The invention relates to a portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings. The device comprises a tripod, a two-way atmospheric sampler, a first sand core funnel, a second sand core funnel, a first anti-backflow device and a second anti-backflow device; the two-way atmospheric sampler is arranged on the tripod, the first sand core funnel and the second sand core funnel are arranged on the left and right sides of the two-way atmospheric sampler respectively, one end of the first anti-backflow device is connected to the large-diameter end of the first sand core funnel through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the two-way atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube; one end of the second anti-backflow device is connected to the large-diameter end of the second sand core funnel through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the two-way atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube.

[0008] Preferably, the tripod is 1.2 to 2 meters above the ground.

[0009] Preferably, the suction flow rate of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler is 0.8 to 1.2 L / min.

[0010] Preferably, the dual-channel atmospheric sampler performs uninterrupted 2-hour suction in time periods.

[0011] Preferably, the collecting device further comprises a pipette for transferring the collected sample, and a collecting bottle for containing the collected sample.

[0012] Preferably, the collection liquid contained in the collection bottle is a 0.06% (mass percentage concentration) Na2CO3 solution or deionized water.

[0013] The present invention also relates to a method for detecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings, the method comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Collect blank samples at a distance of more than 1000m from the sea and obtain the blank sample concentration value by ion chromatography: C0, in mg / L;

[0015] S2. Use the above-mentioned collecting device to collect two parallel samples at one time; obtain two parallel concentration values: C1 and C2 by ion chromatography analysis, the unit is mg / L;

[0016] S3. Calculate the chloride ion concentration C in the atmosphere according to the following formula * :

[0017]

[0018] C is the test concentration sample, the unit is mg / L; C * is the concentration of chloride ions in the atmosphere, in mg / m 3 , t is the sampling time, the unit is min, v is the sampling rate, the unit is min / L;

[0019] S4. Correlate and convert the chloride ion concentration in the atmosphere with the chloride ion concentration on the surface of the building according to the following formula: C s，air =C * e -0.005d , C s，air is the concentration on the building surface, and d is the straight-line distance from the measuring point to the building surface.

[0020] Preferably, the ion chromatogram used in the ion chromatography analysis: ICS-2000, with KOH eluent generation system; analytical column: IonPac AG15+IonPac AS19; washing solution gradient: 3mM, 0-12.5min: 3-43mM, 12.5-32.5min; washing solution flow rate: 1.0mL / min.

[0021] Preferably, the ion chromatography analysis adopts suppressive conductivity detection as the detection method.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The device of the present invention is used to collect chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings. The process is simple and easy to operate. At the same time, it eliminates the interference of factors such as average wind speed, wind direction, humidity, etc., has high accuracy, and is suitable for situations where timely detection is not possible;

[0024] 2. The device of the present invention collects air through a small suction air collector and recovers the sample based on the principle of pressure balance, which greatly improves the collection accuracy;

[0025] 3. The device and method of the present invention are used to collect chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings, which can well link the chloride ion concentration on the building surface with the chloride ions in the air;

[0026] 4. Compared with the traditional scheme, the device and method of the present invention eliminate the interference of factors such as average wind speed, wind direction, humidity, etc., and considering that chloride ions in the ocean are carried by sea breeze, the tripod is set at a height of 1.2m-2.0m, so that the collection accuracy is higher;

[0027] 5. The device also strictly considers the airtightness during collection and transportation, thus improving the accuracy of preservation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the wet candle sampling device;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dry slide sampling device;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is the influence diagram of chloride ion concentration on the distance from the coast;

[0033] Among them, 1 is a tripod, 2 is a small atmospheric sampler, 3 is a first sand core funnel, 4 is a second sand core funnel, 5 is a first anti-backflow device, 6 is a second anti-backflow device, 7 is an iron frame, and 8 is a rubber connecting tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, some adjustments and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention emphasizes the collection process of chloride ions at the seaside, mainly based on establishing the influence of chloride ions in the air on the surface of buildings, establishing a connection between the two, and obtaining the chloride ion concentration on the surface of buildings through chloride ions in the air. In terms of instrument use, portable instruments are used, and the sealing performance during the collection process and the preservation performance during transportation are strictly considered. It is suitable for the collection and detection of chloride ions at the seaside over a long distance, and factors such as the collection height and the distance from the sea are considered in detail. See the following embodiments for details:

[0036] Example

[0037] This embodiment relates to a portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings and a method for detecting the same: the device is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the device includes a tripod 1, a dual-channel atmospheric sampler 2, a first sand core funnel 3, a second sand core funnel 4, a first anti-backflow device 5, a second anti-backflow device 6, a pipette and a collection bottle with built-in deionized water or 0.06% Na2CO3 solution; the dual-channel atmospheric sampler 2 is arranged on the tripod 1, the first sand core funnel 3 and the second sand core funnel 4 are respectively arranged on the side iron frames 7 on the left and right sides of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler 2, one end of the first anti-backflow device 5 is connected to the large diameter end of the first sand core funnel 3 through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler 2 through a rubber connecting tube; one end of the second anti-backflow device 6 is connected to the large diameter end of the second sand core funnel 4 through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube.

[0038] After the entire suction process of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler is completed, wait for the air pressure to be balanced, and then suck it out through the aspirator and put it into a disposable collection bottle, and seal it (use tape or a suction and pressure device to seal it).

[0039] In order to improve the collection accuracy, the interference of factors such as average wind speed, wind direction, humidity, etc. is eliminated, and the setting is based on the consideration that chloride ions in the ocean are carried by the sea breeze. As a preferred solution of this embodiment, the tripod is set 1.2 to 2 meters above the ground.

[0040] Also in order to improve the collection accuracy, the suction flow rate of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler in this embodiment is 0.8-1.2 L / min; and the uninterrupted suction is carried out in time periods for 2-24 hours.

[0041] The portable method for collecting and detecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0042] 1. Collection preparation:

[0043] 1) Selection and preparation of collection fluid

[0044] Prepare 0.06% Na2CO3 solution or deionized water, and dispense the collected solution into clean solution bottles (the solution bottles need to be cleaned and free of chloride ions or with low chloride ion content) and seal them with tape to obtain collection bottles for accommodating collected samples.

[0045] 2) Preparation of instruments and consumables

[0046] The aforementioned portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings, wherein the dual-channel atmospheric sampler adopts the TQ-1000 dual-channel atmospheric sampler, and the pipette adopts a disposable pipette (or a disposable measuring cylinder needle); sealing tape and several vacuum bags are also required.

[0047] 2. Transportation and storage:

[0048] Place all instruments and prepared solutions in vacuum bags to prevent chloride ions from contaminating the instruments during transportation.

[0049] 3. Measurement process:

[0050] 1) Collection of blank samples

[0051] Collect a 10 ml 0.06% Na2CO3 solution or 10 ml deionized water at a distance of more than 1000 m from the sea as a blank sample and store it in a sealed manner.

[0052] 2) Collection and sealing of experimental samples

[0053] The tripod was set at a height of 1.5 m above the ground, and the collection device of this embodiment was used to collect the atmosphere.

[0054] Each time you take a sample, you should use the prepared solution to wash the connecting device and glassware. Each time you take a sample, you should use a disposable pipette and ear cleaning bulb together.

[0055] Use a collection bottle to collect two parallel samples at one time. The amount of sample solution (deionized water or 0.06% Na2CO3 solution) is 5 ml each time. When collecting, select the suction flow rate of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler as 1L / min. When taking the full-day value, select 24h uninterrupted work. If the measurement is divided into time periods (morning, noon, and evening), generally select the morning (6:00-8:00), noon (12:00-14:00), and evening (18:00-20:00) three time periods for uninterrupted 2-hour suction;

[0056] After the experiment is finished, use a disposable pipette and ear bulb to transfer the experimental solution into a disposable graduated liquid container (i.e., collection bottle) and seal it;

[0057] If you need to measure data continuously for multiple days, wash the instrument 10 times with blank sample solution to eliminate interference as much as possible.

[0058] 4. Detection and analysis:

[0059] Testing conditions:

[0060] Ion Chromatography: ICS-2000, with KOH eluent generation system

[0061] Analytical column: IonPac AG15 + IonPac AS19

[0062] Washing solution gradient: 3mM, 0-12.5min: 3-43mM, 12.5-32.5min

[0063] Washing liquid flow rate: 1.0mL / min

[0064] Detection method: Inhibitory conductivity detection

[0065] Two parallel concentration values ​​can be obtained through ion chromatography analysis: C1C2

[0066] The mean value of blank sample is: C0

[0067] 5. Concentration calculation formula:

[0068]

[0069] C is the test concentration, in mg / L

[0070]

[0071] C * is the concentration of chloride ions in the atmosphere, in mg / m 3

[0072] t is the sampling time, in min

[0073] v is the sampling rate, in min / L

[0074] 6. Method for determining the chloride ion content on the surface of a building:

[0075] Based on the chloride concentration at the coastline or at a certain distance from the coastline, e.g. Figure 4 , can be obtained through C s，air =C * e -0.005d , C s，air is the concentration on the building surface, and d is the straight-line distance between the measuring point and the building surface; conversion is performed to associate the chloride ion concentration in the air with the chloride ion concentration on the building surface and realize the conversion.

[0076] In summary, the present invention collects air through a small suction air collector, recovers samples based on the principle of pressure balance, and seals the solution with a sealing tape, thereby greatly improving the collection accuracy; on this basis, an ion chromatograph is used to detect the chloride ion content of the sealed sample; and by connecting with the outer surface of the building, the chloride ion concentration on the outer surface of the building can be obtained through the chloride ions in the air and the distance.

[0077] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A method for detecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Collect blank samples at a distance of more than 1000m from the sea and obtain the blank sample concentration value by ion chromatography: C0, in mg / L; S2. Use a portable coastal building surface chloride ion collection device to collect two parallel samples at one time; obtain two parallel concentration values ​​through ion chromatography analysis: C1 and C2, in mg / L; S3. Calculate the chloride ion concentration C in the atmosphere according to the following formula * : C is the test concentration, in mg / L; C * is the concentration of chloride ions in the atmosphere, in mg / m 3 , t is the sampling time, the unit is min, v is the sampling rate, the unit is min / L; S4. Correlate and convert the chloride ion concentration in the atmosphere with the chloride ion concentration on the surface of the building according to the following formula: C s,air =C * e -0.005d , C s，air is the building surface concentration, d is the straight-line distance from the measuring point to the building surface; The portable device for collecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings comprises a tripod, a two-way atmospheric sampler, a first sand core funnel, a second sand core funnel, a first anti-backflow device and a second anti-backflow device; the two-way atmospheric sampler is arranged on the tripod, the first sand core funnel and the second sand core funnel are arranged on the left and right sides of the two-way atmospheric sampler respectively, one end of the first anti-backflow device is connected to the large diameter end of the first sand core funnel through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the two-way atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube; one end of the second anti-backflow device is connected to the large diameter end of the second sand core funnel through a rubber connecting tube, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the two-way atmospheric sampler through a rubber connecting tube; The tripod is 1.2 to 2 meters above the ground; The suction flow rate of the dual-channel atmospheric sampler is 0.8 to 1.2 L / min; The dual-channel air sampler performs uninterrupted suction for 2 to 24 hours in time periods.

2. The method for detecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting device also includes a pipette for transferring the collected sample and a collecting bottle for containing the collected sample.

3. The detection method of chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The collection liquid built into the collection bottle is 0.06% Na2CO3 solution or deionized water.

4. The method for detecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion chromatogram analysis used an ion chromatograph: ICS-2000 with a KOH eluent generation system; analytical columns: IonPac AG15+IonPacAS19; washing solution gradient: 3 mM, 0-12.5 min: 3-43 mM, 12.5-32.5 min; washing solution flow rate: 1.0 mL / min.

5. The method for detecting chloride ions on the surface of coastal buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ion chromatography analysis adopts suppressive conductivity detection as the detection method.

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