A cooling and heat dissipation device for improving casting solidification efficiency and a casting solidification method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and discloses a cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings, including a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a PLC controller, wherein a plurality of cooling modules arranged in parallel are arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe; the cooling module includes a sealed cooling box, wherein one end of the sealed cooling box is provided with a water inlet connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end is provided with a water outlet connected to the water outlet pipe, a temperature control valve is arranged on the water inlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the water outlet; a cooling pipe is arranged in the sealed cooling box, wherein one end of the cooling pipe is connected to the water inlet, and the other end is connected to the water outlet; the PLC controller is connected to the temperature control valve and the temperature sensor. The device has strong controllability and high controllable precision, and can make various parts of the casting cool and solidify according to the required temperature gradient. The present invention also discloses a method for controlling the solidification of castings using the device, wherein the method has strong controllability and high controllable precision, and the obtained castings have high quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and in particular relates to a cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of a casting and a casting solidification method. Background Art

[0002] In order to make the casting have higher mechanical properties as a whole or in part, the casting needs to have a larger temperature gradient and a faster solidification rate during the solidification process. The faster the solidification rate, the finer the grains of the casting, the smaller the secondary phases, looseness, pores and inclusions between the crystal axes, and the easier it is to obtain a uniform structure after heat treatment. In a working cycle, the time required for condensation is often the longest. In traditional casting processes, cold iron quenching is often used to increase the temperature gradient and speed up the solidification process, but the quenching area of ​​the cold iron is limited and the temperature difference cannot be controlled. In addition, the repeatedly used cold iron will be deformed, which not only reduces the quenching effect of the cold iron but also affects the dimensional accuracy of the casting. Moreover, there is a certain cooling and solidification order for the casting in the casting process. Some parts need to be cooled first, and some surfaces need to solidify first away from the riser, and finally solidify near the riser.

[0003] At present, the existing casting cooling devices are inefficient and fail to form a temperature gradient. The cooling speed and time at various positions of the casting do not meet the process requirements, which easily leads to defects such as cracks and shrinkage holes, affecting the molding effect and resulting in a low yield of the prepared castings. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems and shortcomings in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings and a method for controlling the solidification of castings using the device.

[0005] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a PLC controller, a plurality of cooling modules arranged in parallel are arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, one end of the cooling module is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end thereof is connected to the water outlet pipe; the cooling module comprises a sealed cooling box, one end of the sealed cooling box is provided with a water inlet connected to the water inlet pipe, and the other end thereof is provided with a water outlet connected to the water outlet pipe, a temperature control valve is arranged on the water inlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the water outlet; a cooling pipe is arranged inside the sealed cooling box, one end of the cooling pipe is connected to the water inlet, and the other end of the cooling pipe is connected to the water outlet, and coolant is filled between the cooling pipe and the sealed cooling box; the PLC controller is connected to the temperature control valve and the temperature sensor.

[0007] According to the above-mentioned cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings, preferably, the cooling pipe is a spiral cooling pipe.

[0008] According to the above-mentioned cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings, preferably, the spiral cooling pipe and the water inlet, and the spiral cooling pipe and the water outlet are both connected through a connecting elbow.

[0009] According to the above-mentioned cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings, preferably, the water inlet is connected to the water inlet pipe through a three-way connector, and the water outlet is connected to the water outlet pipe through a three-way connector.

[0010] A method for controlling the solidification of a casting using the cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of the casting comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) According to the size of the casting solidification cooling surface and the cooling temperature requirements of different parts of the casting, calculate the number of cooling modules required for the casting solidification and set the cooling temperature of each cooling module;

[0012] (2) Prepare the upper and lower sand molds or sand cores of the casting, and place multiple cooling modules in the upper and lower sand molds or sand cores according to the solidification requirements of the casting; then connect the water inlet pipe of the cooling and heat dissipation device to the water supply system.

[0013] (3) The molten metal is injected into the sand mold or sand core, and cooling water is continuously introduced into the water inlet pipe through the water supply system. The cooling water enters each cooling module through the water inlet pipe, and then enters the cooling pipe of the sealed cooling box through the water inlet, fully conducts heat with the coolant, cools the molten metal in the sand mold or sand core, and solidifies the casting.

[0014] According to the above method, more preferably, in step (3), a temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the water outlet of the cooling module, and the temperature signal is fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the cooling water flow of the temperature control valve at the water inlet of the cooling module according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor, so that the cooling module reaches a preset cooling temperature.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive and beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) In the cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings of the present invention, a plurality of cooling modules arranged in parallel are arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The water inlet of each cooling module is provided with a temperature control valve, and the water outlet is provided with a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor can detect the temperature of each cooling module and feed back the temperature to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the water flow and water temperature in the spiral cooling pipe in each cooling module by adjusting the temperature control valve, so that each cooling module reaches the required cooling temperature. Therefore, the cooling and heat dissipation device of the present invention has strong controllability and high controllable accuracy. Different cooling temperatures can be set for each cooling module according to the cooling sequence of the castings and the solidification temperature requirements of each part to form a temperature gradient, so that the castings are solidified and cooled in a reasonable sequence, and defects such as cracks and shrinkage cavities are avoided in the castings, thereby improving the output rate and finished product rate of the castings.

[0017] (2) The cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings of the present invention can reasonably set the number of cooling modules in the casting sand mold or sand core and the spacing between each cooling module according to the size of the solidification cooling surface and the cooling temperature requirements of different parts of the casting to adapt to the cooling of different castings. It has high flexibility and practicality and can realize precise control of the cooling and solidification process of castings of various metals and various shapes.

[0018] (3) The cooling module of the present invention is filled with coolant, so that there is no large temperature difference between the water inlet and the water outlet of the cooling module, thereby ensuring the temperature balance in the sealed cooling box.

[0019] (4) Since the average temperature difference of countercurrent is larger under the same heat exchange area, in order to increase the heat transfer area and improve the average heat exchange temperature difference, a spiral cooling tube design is adopted in the cooling module. Compared with the straight tube, the spiral cooling tube has the characteristics of significantly increasing the heat exchange area; significantly increasing the contact area with the coolant, and having small temperature difference stress. In addition, the heat exchange flow of the spiral cooling tube can be considered as countercurrent flow, which increases the average heat exchange temperature difference, greatly improves the heat transfer performance and cooling efficiency, and has a compact structure and is easy to install.

[0020] (5) The device of the present invention has a simple structure, reasonable design, strong maneuverability, high controllable precision, and repeatable use, so that the cooling and solidification process of the casting has a high degree of repeatability and predictability. Moreover, the cooling efficiency is high, the casting solidification speed is fast, the casting produced has few defects, a high yield rate, and good quality.

[0021] (6) The method for controlling the solidification of a casting of the present invention is simple in process and easy to operate. The number of cooling modules in the sand mold or sand core and the distance between the cooling modules can be reasonably set according to the size of the solidification cooling surface of the casting and the cooling temperature requirements of different parts of the casting. Moreover, a temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the water outlet of the cooling module, and the temperature signal is fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the cooling water flow of the water inlet temperature control valve of the cooling module according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor, so that the temperature of the cooling module reaches a preset cooling temperature, and cooling of different parts of the casting with different cooling temperature gradients is achieved, so that the casting is solidified and cooled in a reasonable order, and defects such as cracks and shrinkage cavities in the casting are avoided. The casting produced has a high yield and good quality.

[0022] (7) The method for controlling the solidification of a casting of the present invention has strong controllability and high controllable accuracy, and can accurately control the solidification and cooling process of the casting, and has high repeatability and predictability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of a casting according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling module in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the assembly of a cooling and heat dissipation device and a sand mold for improving the solidification efficiency of a casting according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a diagram of a closed-loop temperature control system for a cooling module in the present invention;

[0027] In the figure, 1 is a water inlet pipe, 2 is a water outlet pipe, 3 is a three-way connector, 4 is a cooling module, 5 is a sealed cooling box, 6 is a coolant, 7 is a water inlet, 8 is a water outlet, 9 is a spiral cooling pipe, 10 is a temperature control valve, 11 is a connecting elbow, 12 is a temperature sensor, and 13 is a sand mold. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings includes a water inlet pipe 1, a water outlet pipe 2 and a PLC controller. Six cooling modules 4 are arranged in parallel between the water inlet pipe 1 and the water outlet pipe 2. The cooling modules 4 are arranged in the upper and lower box sand molds 13 or sand cores for preparing castings. The number and spacing of the cooling modules 4 are determined by the size of the cooling surface of the casting, the cooling and solidification sequence of each part and the requirements of the cooling temperature gradient, and can also be other numbers. One end of the cooling module 4 is connected to the water inlet pipe 1, and the other end of the cooling module 4 is connected to the water outlet pipe 2.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the cooling module 4 includes a sealed cooling box 5, a water inlet 7 is provided at one end of the sealed cooling box 5, a water outlet 8 is provided at the other end of the sealed cooling box 5, the water inlet 7 is connected with the water inlet pipe 1 through a three-way connector 3, and a temperature control valve 10 is provided on the water inlet 7; the water outlet 8 is connected with the water outlet pipe 2 through the three-way connector 3, and a temperature sensor 12 is provided on the water outlet 8; a spiral cooling pipe 9 is provided inside the sealed cooling box 5, and the spiral cooling pipe 9 runs through the entire sealed cooling box 5, one end of the spiral cooling pipe 9 is connected with the water inlet 7 through a connecting elbow 11, and the other end of the spiral cooling pipe 9 is connected with the water outlet 8 through a connecting elbow 11, and the space between the spiral cooling pipe 9 and the sealed cooling box 5 is filled with coolant 6; the PLC controller is electrically connected to the temperature control valve 10 and the temperature sensor 12.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] The content of Example 2 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that three parallel cooling modules (not shown) are provided between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0034] Embodiment 3:

[0035] The content of Example 3 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that nine cooling modules (not shown) are arranged in parallel between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0036] Embodiment 4:

[0037] The content of Example 4 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that twelve cooling modules (not shown) are arranged in parallel between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe.

[0038] Embodiment 5:

[0039] A method for controlling the solidification of a casting using a cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of a casting as described in any one of Embodiments 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:

[0040] (1) Calculate the number of cooling modules 4 required for solidification of the casting according to the size of the solidification cooling surface of the casting and the cooling temperature requirements of different parts of the casting, and set the cooling temperature of each cooling module 4;

[0041] (2) preparing the upper and lower sand molds 13 or sand cores of the casting, and placing multiple cooling modules 4 in the upper and lower sand molds 13 or sand cores according to the solidification requirements of the casting (see Figure 3 ); then connect the water inlet pipe 1 of the cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of the casting to the water supply system;

[0042] (3) The molten metal is injected into the sand mold 13 or the sand core, and cooling water is continuously introduced into the water inlet pipe 1 by using the water supply system. The cooling water enters each cooling module 4 through the water inlet pipe 1, and enters the spiral cooling pipe 9 of the sealed cooling box 5 through the water inlet 7 and the connecting elbow 11, and is fully heat-conducted with the coolant 6. Then, the cooling water is output to the water outlet pipe 2 through the water outlet 8. The temperature of the cooling module water outlet 8 is detected by the temperature sensor 12, and the temperature signal is fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the cooling water flow of the temperature control valve 10 on the cooling module water inlet 7 according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor 12, so that the cooling module 4 reaches the preset cooling temperature (see Figure 4 ), realizes cooling of the molten metal in the sand mold 13 or the sand core, so that the casting solidifies.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited to the above examples. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings, characterized in that: It comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe and a PLC controller, wherein a plurality of cooling modules arranged in parallel are arranged between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, one end of the cooling module is connected with the water inlet pipe, and the other end of the cooling module is connected with the water outlet pipe; the cooling module comprises a sealed cooling box, one end of the sealed cooling box is provided with a water inlet connected with the water inlet pipe, the other end of the sealed cooling box is provided with a water outlet connected with the water outlet pipe, a temperature control valve is arranged on the water inlet, and a temperature sensor is arranged on the water outlet; a cooling pipe is arranged inside the sealed cooling box, one end of the cooling pipe is connected with the water inlet, the other end of the cooling pipe is connected with the water outlet, and coolant is filled between the cooling pipe and the sealed cooling box; the cooling pipe is a spiral cooling pipe, and the spiral cooling pipe and the water inlet, as well as the spiral cooling pipe and the water outlet are connected through a connecting elbow pipe; the PLC controller is connected with the temperature control valve and the temperature sensor.

2. The cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of castings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet is communicated with the water inlet pipe through a three-way connector, and the water outlet is communicated with the water outlet pipe through a three-way connector.

3. A method for controlling the solidification of a casting using the cooling and heat dissipation device for improving the solidification efficiency of a casting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) According to the size of the casting solidification cooling surface and the cooling temperature requirements of different parts of the casting, calculate the number of cooling modules required for the casting solidification and set the cooling temperature of each cooling module; (2) Prepare the upper and lower sand molds or sand cores of the casting, and place multiple cooling modules in the upper and lower sand molds or sand cores according to the solidification requirements of the casting; then connect the water inlet pipe of the cooling and heat dissipation device to the water supply system. (3) The molten metal is injected into the sand mold or sand core, and cooling water is continuously introduced into the water inlet pipe through the water supply system. The cooling water enters each cooling module through the water inlet pipe, and then enters the cooling pipe of the sealed cooling box through the water inlet, fully conducts heat with the coolant, cools the molten metal in the sand mold or sand core, and solidifies the casting.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (3), a temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the water outlet of the cooling module, and the temperature signal is fed back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller adjusts the cooling water flow of the temperature control valve at the water inlet of the cooling module according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensor, so that the cooling module reaches the preset cooling temperature.

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