Underwater terrain section measuring device for complex water flow in mountainous areas

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for measuring underwater topographic sections of a river channel with complex water flow in mountainous areas, and a device for measuring underwater topographic sections of a river channel with complex water flow in mountainous areas, and belongs to the technical field of underwater topographic section measurement of river channels in hydropower and water conservancy projects. The present invention operates a winch to move a measuring rope positioning mechanism transversely to the river just above a riverbed measuring point; a measuring rope and an upstream traction positioning rope are connected to a measuring ball; one end of the measuring rope is fixedly connected to the measuring ball, and the other end is traction-controlled on the river bank; one end of the upstream traction positioning rope is fixedly connected to the measuring ball, and the other end is traction-controlled on an upstream operating platform of the river channel; the measuring ball is lowered at the measuring rope positioning mechanism through the measuring rope, and the measuring rope is in a vertical state through the cooperation of the measuring rope and the upstream traction positioning rope, and the measuring ball is controlled to just touch the riverbed measuring point; the elevation of the positioning rope and the length of the measuring rope below the positioning rope are measured, and the elevation of the riverbed measuring point is calculated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for measuring underwater topography sections of a complex water flow river in a mountainous area, and a device for measuring underwater topography sections of a complex water flow river in a mountainous area, belonging to the technical field of underwater topography section measurement of rivers in hydropower and water conservancy projects. Background Art

[0002] Rivers in mountainous areas often have large average longitudinal slopes, many waterfalls and rapids, turbulent water flow, and high water velocity. In the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, it is necessary to measure the underwater topographic sections of the river in the project area in order to provide basic data for engineering design, hydraulic model tests, etc. At present, in rivers with simple water flow conditions, surveyors can take a boat to the measuring point and use instruments such as sounding rods, sounding hammers, and echo sounders for measurement. However, for mountainous rivers with turbulent water flow and high flow velocity, taking a boat poses a great safety risk. In addition, there are a large number of bubbles in this turbulent water flow, and the water body is a non-homogeneous body, resulting in large errors in acoustic wave measurement.

[0003] At present, the riprap method is generally used for measuring the river with turbulent flow and high flow rate. However, the shape of the riprap is often irregular, and the specific gravity of the riprap is relatively small, which is greatly affected by the water flow. The rope is also greatly affected by the turbulent water flow and cannot be straightened. These undoubtedly increase the difficulty of measurement, and the results obtained are often of poor accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0004] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a safe, reliable, easy-to-operate and high-precision method for measuring underwater topographic sections of complex water flow channels in mountainous areas.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for measuring underwater terrain sections of complex water flow rivers in mountainous areas, comprising the following steps:

[0006] A. Capstans are arranged on both sides of the river channel. The capstans are connected by positioning ropes. The positioning ropes are arranged above the river surface along the width of the river channel. A measuring rope positioning mechanism is fixed on the positioning ropes.

[0007] B. The measuring ball is connected with a measuring rope and an upstream traction positioning rope; the measuring rope positioning mechanism is moved to the river bank by operating the winch, and the measuring rope and the measuring rope positioning mechanism are assembled; one end of the measuring rope is fixedly connected to the measuring ball, and the other end is traction-controlled on the river bank; one end of the upstream traction positioning rope is fixedly connected to the measuring ball, and the other end is traction-controlled on the upstream operating platform of the river channel;

[0008] C. Move the measuring rope positioning mechanism horizontally to just above the riverbed measuring point by operating the winch;

[0009] D. Lower the measuring ball through the measuring rope at the measuring rope positioning mechanism, make the measuring rope in a vertical state through the cooperation of the measuring rope and the upstream traction positioning rope, and control the measuring ball to just touch the riverbed measuring point;

[0010] E. Measure the elevation of the positioning rope and the length of the measuring rope below the positioning rope, and calculate the elevation of the riverbed measuring point;

[0011] F. Move the measuring rope positioning mechanism transversely to the river by operating the winch to the top of the next riverbed measuring point, and repeat steps D and E until the measurement of one transverse section of the river underwater topography is completed;

[0012] G. Move the winch along the river bank and repeat steps C to F to measure the next cross-river section.

[0013] H. Repeat step G until the underwater topographic cross-section measurement of the river is completed.

[0014] Furthermore, an auxiliary traction positioning rope is connected to the measuring ball; one end of the auxiliary traction positioning rope is fixedly connected to the measuring ball, and the other end is used for traction control on the river bank; in step D, the measuring rope, the upstream traction positioning rope and the auxiliary traction positioning rope are coordinated to make the measuring rope in a vertical state, and the measuring ball is controlled to just touch the riverbed measuring point.

[0015] Furthermore, when the measuring rope positioning mechanism moves to the position directly above the riverbed measuring point, the positioning rope is in a horizontally stretched state and is maintained until the measurement of the riverbed measuring point is completed.

[0016] Furthermore, tracks are arranged on both sides of the river channel, and the tracks are arranged along the river bank line; the capstan is arranged on the positioning bracket, the positioning bracket is arranged on the track through a walking mechanism, and the positioning bracket is equipped with a driving mechanism for driving it to walk on the track.

[0017] Furthermore, the measuring ball is a lead ball or a steel ball; the angle formed by the connection point of the measuring rope on the measuring ball and the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball relative to the center of the measuring ball is 25° to 35°; if an auxiliary traction positioning rope is provided, when the measuring rope is in a vertical state, the connection point of the measuring rope on the measuring ball is located at the vertex of the measuring ball, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball and the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope on the measuring ball are located on the same horizontal plane, and the projection of the line connecting the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball and the center of the measuring ball and the line connecting the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope on the measuring ball and the center of the measuring ball on the horizontal plane forms an angle of 80° to 100°.

[0018] Furthermore, an anti-rollover auxiliary steel is fixed on the measuring ball; when the measuring rope is in a vertical state, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball is located on the upstream side of the measuring ball, and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel is located on the downstream side of the measuring ball.

[0019] Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a safe, reliable, easy-to-operate and high-precision underwater terrain section measuring device for complex water flow rivers in mountainous areas, including winches arranged on both sides of the river channel, the winches are connected by positioning ropes, the positioning ropes can be arranged above the river surface along the width of the river channel, and a measuring rope positioning mechanism is fixedly provided on the positioning rope; it also includes a measuring ball, the measuring ball is connected to a measuring rope and an upstream traction positioning rope; the measuring rope positioning mechanism is used for the measuring rope to position and lower the measuring ball.

[0020] Furthermore, the measuring rope positioning mechanism is a hook or a slot or a ring or a pulley.

[0021] Furthermore, tracks are arranged on both sides of the river channel, and the tracks are arranged along the river bank line; the capstan is arranged on the positioning bracket, the positioning bracket is arranged on the track through a walking mechanism, and the positioning bracket is equipped with a driving mechanism for driving it to walk on the track.

[0022] Furthermore, the measuring ball is a lead ball or a steel ball; the connection point of the measuring rope on the measuring ball and the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball form an angle of 25° to 35° relative to the center of the measuring ball; an auxiliary traction positioning rope is also connected to the measuring ball, and when the connection point of the measuring rope on the measuring ball is located at the vertex of the measuring ball, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball and the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope on the measuring ball are located in the same horizontal plane, and the projection of the line connecting the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball and the center of the measuring ball and the line connecting the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope on the measuring ball and the center of the measuring ball on the horizontal plane forms an angle of 80° to 100°; an anti-rollover auxiliary steel is also fixed on the measuring ball; when the connection point of the measuring rope on the measuring ball is located at the vertex of the measuring ball, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope on the measuring ball is located on the upstream side of the measuring ball, and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel is located on the downstream side of the measuring ball.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: in the past, there was almost no good way to measure the underwater topographic sections of complex water flow rivers in mountainous areas. Not only was the measurement difficult and the accuracy poor, but there were also greater safety risks. Through the measurement method of the present invention, the measurement of the underwater topographic sections of complex water flow rivers in mountainous areas can be completed by utilizing existing water conditions and adopting simple conventional means. The present invention ensures the accuracy of the measurement results by coordinating the measuring rope and the upstream traction positioning rope so that the measuring rope is in a vertical state. The present invention is not only simple and easy to implement, with accurate results, but also safe and reliable, and can save a lot of manpower and material resources, providing accurate basic data for the construction of hydropower and water conservancy projects in complex water flow rivers in mountainous areas, and promoting the construction of hydropower and water conservancy projects in mountainous rivers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plane layout of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA view;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB direction view;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring ball in the present invention.

[0028] Markings in the figure are: 1-winch, 2-positioning rope, 3-measuring ball, 4-measuring rope, 5-upstream traction positioning rope, 6-upstream operating platform, 7-auxiliary traction positioning rope, 8-track, 9-positioning bracket, 10-anti-rollover auxiliary steel, 11-positioning ring, 12-measuring rope positioning mechanism, 13-waterside line, 14-underwater terrain line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the method for measuring underwater terrain sections of complex water flow rivers in mountainous areas of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0031] A. Capstans 1 are arranged on both sides of the river channel, and the capstans 1 are connected by positioning ropes 2. The positioning ropes 2 are arranged above the river surface along the width of the river channel, and a measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 is fixedly arranged on the positioning ropes 2; wherein the capstan 1 can be operated manually or driven by a motor to retract and release the positioning ropes 2, and then adjust the position of the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 in the transverse direction of the river; the positioning ropes 2 can be soft ropes, and the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 can be in the form of hooks, slots, rings, pulleys, etc. The measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 is used for positioning the measuring rope 4 to lower the measuring ball 3. In order to reduce the wear on the measuring rope 4, the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 preferably adopts a pulley;

[0032] B. The measuring ball 3 is connected with a measuring rope 4 and an upstream traction positioning rope 5; the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 is moved to the river bank by operating the winch 1, and the measuring rope 4 and the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 are assembled; one end of the measuring rope 4 is fixedly connected to the measuring ball 3, and the other end is traction-controlled on the river bank; one end of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 is fixedly connected to the measuring ball 3, and the other end is traction-controlled on the upstream operating platform 6 of the river channel; during implementation, the upstream exploration temporary bridge in the early stage can be used as the upstream operating platform 6, and the measuring rope 4 and the upstream traction positioning rope 5 can be directly manually traction-controlled, or can be implemented with the assistance of corresponding mechanical equipment;

[0033] C. Move the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 transversely to the top of the riverbed measuring point by operating the winch 1. To make the measurement result more accurate, the positioning rope 2 should be in a horizontal and straight state and maintained until the measurement of the riverbed measuring point is completed;

[0034] D. Lower the measuring ball 3 at the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 through the measuring rope 4. Through the cooperation of the measuring rope 4 and the upstream traction positioning rope 5, the measuring rope 4 is in a vertical state, and the measuring ball 3 is controlled to just touch the riverbed measuring point. This process requires the operator to conduct several tests. By adjusting the positioning point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the upstream operating platform 6, the measuring ball 3 is in a force balance state, and then the measuring rope 4 is in a vertical state. During this test, it is also necessary to adjust and control the measuring ball 3 to just touch the riverbed measuring point. When the measuring ball 3 has touched the bottom of the riverbed, continue to lower the measuring rope 4, the measuring rope 4 will be in a relaxed state, and then slightly tighten the measuring rope 4. When the measuring rope 4 just reaches the vertical state, the measuring ball 3 meets the required requirements and enters the next measurement process.

[0035] E. Measure the elevation of the positioning rope 2 and the length of the measuring rope 4 below the positioning rope 2 to calculate the elevation of the riverbed measuring point; the elevation of the positioning rope 2 minus the length of the measuring rope 4 below the positioning rope 2 is the elevation of the riverbed measuring point;

[0036] F. Move the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 transversely to the next riverbed measuring point by operating the winch 1, and repeat steps D and E until the measurement of one transverse cross-section of the river underwater topography is completed;

[0037] G. Move the winch 1 along the river bank and repeat steps C to F to measure the next cross-river section;

[0038] H. Repeat step G until the underwater topographic cross-section measurement of the river is completed.

[0039] Due to the complexity of underwater terrain and water flow, the upstream traction positioning rope 5 can be made of steel wire rope or other ropes with greater strength. In addition, in order to more conveniently and accurately position the measuring ball 3 underwater, an auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 is also connected to the measuring ball 3; one end of the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 is fixedly connected to the measuring ball 3, and the other end is traction-controlled on the river bank; in step D, through the cooperation of the measuring rope 4, the upstream traction positioning rope 5 and the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7, the measuring rope 4 is in a vertical state, and the measuring ball 3 is controlled to just touch the riverbed measuring point. The auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 can be set up at a fixed point on the bank on both sides of the river according to the water flow conditions, and a person is fixedly arranged to hold the other end of the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 to assist in fixing the measuring ball 3.

[0040] In order to facilitate the lowering of the measuring ball 3, the measuring ball 3 is a lead ball or a steel ball with a large specific gravity. In order to facilitate the connection of the rope, a positioning ring 11 can be provided on the measuring ball 3. Figure 4 As shown, in order to facilitate the control of the measuring sphere 3, the preferred arrangement of the connection points is as follows: the angle formed by the connection points of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring sphere 3 and the connection points of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring sphere 3 relative to the center of the measuring sphere 3 is 25° to 35°, preferably 30°; if an auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 is provided, when the measuring rope 4 is in a vertical state, the connection point of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring sphere 3 is located at the vertex position of the measuring sphere 3, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring sphere 3 and the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 on the measuring sphere 3 are located in the same horizontal plane, and the projection of the line connecting the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring sphere 3 and the center of the measuring sphere 3 and the line connecting the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 on the measuring sphere 3 and the center of the measuring sphere 3 on the horizontal plane forms an angle of 80° to 100°, preferably 90°. Figure 4 Taking the shown implementation mode as an example, the connection point of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring sphere 3 is located at the top position of the measuring sphere 3, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring sphere 3 is located at the middle and upper position on the upstream side of the measuring sphere 3, and the line connecting the connection point and the center of the measuring sphere 3 forms an angle of 30° with respect to the vertical axis; the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 on the measuring sphere 3 is located at the middle and upper position on the side of the measuring sphere 3 facing the river bank, and the line connecting the connection point and the center of the measuring sphere 3 forms an angle of 30° with respect to the vertical axis.

[0041] In order to prevent the measuring ball 3 from rolling over during dragging and positioning measurement, an anti-rollover auxiliary steel 10 is fixed on the measuring ball 3; when the measuring rope 4 is in a vertical state, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring ball 3 is located on the upstream side of the measuring ball 3, and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel 10 is located on the downstream side of the measuring ball 3. Figure 4 Taking the shown implementation mode as an example, when the connection point of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring ball 3 is located at the top position of the measuring ball 3, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring ball 3 is located at the upper-middle position on the upstream side of the measuring ball 3, and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel 10 is usually arranged in the middle position on the downstream side of the measuring ball 3, that is, the center line of the anti-rollover auxiliary steel 10 and the center of the measuring ball 3 are in the same horizontal plane.

[0042] In order to facilitate the operation and control of the winch 1, the present invention arranges tracks 8 on both sides of the river, and the tracks 8 are arranged along the river bank line; the winch 1 is set on the positioning bracket 9, and the positioning bracket 9 is set on the track 8 through a walking mechanism, and the positioning bracket 9 is equipped with a driving mechanism to drive it to walk on the track 8. For the convenience of operation and implementation, the walking mechanism of the positioning bracket 9 can usually be in the form of a roller, and the driving mechanism can be directly driven by a motor or pulled by a winch. This method is also conducive to keeping the positioning rope 2 in a horizontal and straight state during the measurement process. The operating end of the measuring rope 4 can also be set on the positioning bracket 9 on one side.

[0043] It can be seen from the above-mentioned measurement process that the underwater terrain section measurement device for complex water flow channels in mountainous areas in the present invention can be implemented in the following manner: the measurement device includes winches 1 arranged on both sides of the river channel, and the winches 1 are connected by positioning ropes 2. The positioning ropes 2 can be arranged above the river surface along the width of the river channel, and a measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 is fixedly provided on the positioning rope 2; the measurement device also includes a measuring ball 3, and a measuring rope 4 and an upstream traction positioning rope 5 are connected to the measuring ball 3; the measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 is used for the measuring rope 4 to position and lower the measuring ball 3.

[0044] The measuring rope positioning mechanism 12 is a hook or a slot or a ring or a pulley. The measuring ball 3 is a lead ball or a steel ball; the connection point of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring ball 3 and the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring ball 3 form an angle of 25° to 35° relative to the center of the measuring ball 3; the measuring ball 3 is also connected to an auxiliary traction positioning rope 7. When the connection point of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring ball 3 is located at the vertex position of the measuring ball 3, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring ball 3 and the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope 7 on the measuring ball 3 are located in the same horizontal plane, and the upstream traction positioning rope 5 is located at the vertex position of the measuring ball 3. The projection of the line connecting the connection point on the measuring sphere 3 and the center of the measuring sphere 3, and the line connecting the connection point on the measuring sphere 3 and the center of the measuring sphere 3 on the horizontal plane forms an angle of 80° to 100°; an anti-rollover auxiliary steel 10 is also fixedly arranged on the measuring sphere 3; when the connection point of the measuring rope 4 on the measuring sphere 3 is located at the vertex position of the measuring sphere 3, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope 5 on the measuring sphere 3 is located on the upstream side of the measuring sphere 3, and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel 10 is located on the downstream side of the measuring sphere 3.

[0045] Tracks 8 can also be arranged on both sides of the river, and the tracks 8 are arranged along the river bank; the capstan 1 is arranged on the positioning bracket 9, and the positioning bracket 9 is arranged on the track 8 through a walking mechanism, and the positioning bracket 9 is equipped with a driving mechanism for driving it to walk on the track 8. The walking mechanism of the positioning bracket 9 can usually be in the form of a roller, and the driving mechanism can be directly driven by a motor, or can be pulled by a winch.

Claims

1. A method for measuring underwater topographic sections of complex water flow channels in mountainous areas, characterized in that: The steps include: A. Capstans (1) are arranged on both sides of the river channel, the capstans (1) are connected by positioning ropes (2), the positioning ropes (2) are arranged above the river surface along the width direction of the river channel, and a measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) is fixedly arranged on the positioning ropes (2), and the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) is a hook, a slot, a ring, or a pulley; tracks (8) are arranged on both sides of the river channel, and the tracks (8) are arranged along the river bank line; the capstan (1) is arranged on a positioning bracket (9), the positioning bracket (9) is arranged on the track (8) through a walking mechanism, and the positioning bracket (9) is equipped with a driving mechanism for driving it to walk on the track (8); B. A measuring rope (4) and an upstream traction positioning rope (5) are connected to the measuring ball (3); the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) is moved to the river bank by operating the winch (1), and the measuring rope (4) and the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) are assembled; one end of the measuring rope (4) is fixedly connected to the measuring ball (3), and the other end is traction-controlled at the river bank; one end of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) is fixedly connected to the measuring ball (3), and the other end is traction-controlled at the upstream operating platform (6) of the river channel; an auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) is also connected to the measuring ball (3), and one end of the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) is fixedly connected to the measuring ball (3), and the other end is traction-controlled at the river bank; the measuring ball (3) is a lead ball or a steel ball; the angle formed by the connection point of the measuring rope (4) on the measuring ball (3) and the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) relative to the center of the measuring ball (3) is 25° to 35°; When the measuring rope (4) is in a vertical state, the connection point of the measuring rope (4) on the measuring ball (3) is located at the vertex position of the measuring ball (3), the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) and the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) on the measuring ball (3) are located on the same horizontal plane, and the projection of the line connecting the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) and the center of the measuring ball (3) and the line connecting the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) on the measuring ball (3) and the center of the measuring ball (3) on the horizontal plane forms an angle of 80° to 100°; C. By operating the winch (1), the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) is moved transversely to the top of the riverbed measuring point, so that the positioning rope (2) is in a horizontally stretched state and maintained until the measurement of the riverbed measuring point is completed; D. lowering the measuring ball (3) at the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) through the measuring rope (4), and making the measuring rope (4) in a vertical state through the cooperation of the measuring rope (4), the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) and the upstream traction positioning rope (5), and controlling the measuring ball (3) to just touch the riverbed measuring point; E. measuring the elevation of the positioning rope (2) and the length of the measuring rope (4) below the positioning rope (2), and calculating the elevation of the riverbed measuring point; F. Move the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) transversely to the river by operating the winch (1) to the position just above the next riverbed measuring point, and repeat steps D and E until the measurement of one transverse cross-section of the river underwater topography is completed; G. Use the positioning bracket (9) and the track (8) to move the winch (1) along the river bank, and repeat steps C to F to measure the next cross-river section; H. Repeat step G until the underwater topographic cross-section measurement of the river is completed.

2. The method for measuring underwater topographic sections of complex water flow channels in mountainous areas as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-rollover auxiliary steel (10) is fixedly provided on the measuring ball (3); when the measuring rope (4) is in a vertical state, the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) is located on the upstream side of the measuring ball (3), and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel (10) is located on the downstream side of the measuring ball (3).

3. Underwater terrain section measuring device for complex water flow in mountainous areas, characterized by: The invention comprises winches (1) arranged on both sides of a river channel, the winches (1) being connected by positioning ropes (2), the positioning ropes (2) being arranged above the river surface along the width direction of the river channel and being in a horizontally stretched state, a measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) being fixedly arranged on the positioning ropes (2), the measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) being a hook, a slot, a ring or a pulley; tracks (8) being arranged on both sides of the river channel, the tracks (8) being arranged along the river bank line; the winches (1) being arranged on positioning brackets (9), the positioning brackets (9) being arranged on the tracks (8) by means of a walking mechanism, the positioning brackets (9) being provided with a driving mechanism for driving the positioning brackets (9) to walk on the tracks (8); It also includes a measuring ball (3), to which a measuring rope (4) and an upstream traction positioning rope (5) are connected; a measuring rope positioning mechanism (12) is used for positioning the measuring rope (4) and lowering the measuring ball (3); The measuring ball (3) is a lead ball or a steel ball; the connecting point of the measuring rope (4) on the measuring ball (3) and the connecting point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) form a spherical center angle of 25° to 35° relative to the spherical center of the measuring ball (3); The measuring ball (3) is also connected to an auxiliary traction positioning rope (7). When the connection point of the measuring rope (4) on the measuring ball (3) is located at the vertex of the measuring ball (3), the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) and the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) on the measuring ball (3) are located on the same horizontal plane. The projection of the line connecting the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) and the center of the measuring ball (3) and the line connecting the connection point of the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) on the measuring ball (3) and the center of the measuring ball (3) on the horizontal plane forms an angle of 80° to 100°. The cooperation of the measuring rope (4), the auxiliary traction positioning rope (7) and the upstream traction positioning rope (5) enables the end of the measuring rope (4) connected to the measuring ball (3) to be in a vertical state.

4. The device for measuring underwater topographic sections of complex water flow channels in mountainous areas as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: An anti-rollover auxiliary steel (10) is also fixedly provided on the measuring ball (3); when the connection point of the measuring rope (4) on the measuring ball (3) is located at the vertex position of the measuring ball (3), the connection point of the upstream traction positioning rope (5) on the measuring ball (3) is located on the upstream side of the measuring ball (3), and the anti-rollover auxiliary steel (10) is located on the downstream side of the measuring ball (3).

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