Cutter head eccentric load detection device and detection method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cutter disc overload detection device and a detection method thereof, which solves the problem in the prior art that the overload of the cutter disc connection flange is difficult to detect. The present invention includes a fixing device for connecting the cutter disc and the main bearing, and the fixing device includes a bolt assembly, on which a sensor for detecting the overload of the cutter disc is provided, and the sensor is connected to a background controller via a signal acquisition module. The present invention installs a corresponding sensor on the bolt assembly to detect the preload of the fixing bolt, and determines whether the cutter disc is overloaded in the corresponding area according to the change in the size or difference of the preload of the fixing bolt, so that the staff can quickly and accurately find the corresponding position for maintenance, thereby improving the safety of the cutter disc construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield cutter discs, and in particular to a cutter disc eccentric load detection device and a detection method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The TBM host system mainly includes the cutterhead system, support shield, drive motor, main beam, support shoe and other key parts. The cutterhead system is responsible for the main excavation work, and the cutterhead and the rear drive are connected by a connecting flange. However, severe load conditions often cause the TBM to vibrate violently, which also increases the stress and deformation at the connecting flange. In order to ensure the tight connection between the cutterhead and the rear drive and the normal excavation of the TBM, and prevent the bolts from breaking due to excessive stress and deformation, it is necessary to understand the strain condition of the cutterhead connecting flange and establish a real-time monitoring system to monitor its strain condition. This can remind engineering construction personnel to carry out timely maintenance and avoid further damage.

[0003] At present, there are relatively few studies on the monitoring scheme of TBM cutterhead connection flange strain at home and abroad. The patent application number is CN201811226965.7, and the patent name is the monitoring method of the cutterhead connection flange strain of the full-section rock tunnel boring machine. It is also an idealized study of the cutterhead connection flange in theory, but its specific implementation structure and method have not been effectively solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a cutter head eccentric load detection device and a detection method thereof, which solves the problem in the prior art that the eccentric load of the cutter head connection flange is difficult to detect.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a cutter disc overload detection device includes a fixing device for connecting the cutter disc and the main bearing, and a sensor for detecting the cutter disc overload, the fixing device includes a bolt assembly, the sensor is located between the cutter disc and the main bearing or installed on the bolt assembly, and the sensor is connected to the background controller through a signal acquisition module.

[0006] The signal acquisition module includes a signal conditioning module and a data acquisition module. The sensor is connected to the input end of the signal conditioning module, the output end of the signal conditioning module is connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to a background controller; a display and an alarm are connected to the background controller.

[0007] The sensor is a gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, which is evenly distributed on the cutter disc at equal angles along the circumferential direction and is located between the cutter disc and the main bearing.

[0008] The bolt assemblies are evenly distributed on the cutter disc and the main bearing at equal angles along the circumferential direction; the bolt assemblies are fixing bolts, and the sensors are arranged on the fixing bolts.

[0009] The sensor is a gasket-type force sensor, which includes a matching inner ring and an outer ring. The inner ring is sleeved on a fixing bolt. A piezoelectric ceramic gasket is provided between the inner ring and the outer ring. A data transmission interface is provided on the outer ring. The piezoelectric ceramic gasket is connected to a signal acquisition module via wires passing through the data transmission interface.

[0010] The fixing bolt is sleeved with a wear-resistant washer, which is located on both sides of the gasket-type force sensor.

[0011] The sensor is a filled piezoelectric sensor. At least one axial groove is circumferentially provided on the fixing bolt. The filled piezoelectric sensor is filled in the axial groove. The filled piezoelectric sensor is connected to the signal acquisition module through wires.

[0012] The sensor is a strain gauge sensor, which is fixedly arranged on a fixing bolt along a circumferential direction, and is connected to a signal acquisition module through an electric wire.

[0013] A detection method for a cutter head eccentric load detection device, comprising the following steps: S1: evenly distributing 12 bolt assemblies at equal angles on the cutter head and the main bearing, and numbering the 12 bolt assemblies in sequence as 1, 2, 3, ..., 11, 12;

[0014] S2: mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies No. 2, 3, and 4 on the cutter disc as area A, mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies No. 5, 6, and 7 on the cutter disc as area B, mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies No. 8, 9, and 10 on the cutter disc as area C, and mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies No. 11, 12, and 1 on the cutter disc as area D;

[0015] S3: The preload force signal of each bolt assembly is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the sensor, and then transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module;

[0016] S4: The background controller compares the preload force of the bolt assemblies in the four areas A, B, C, and D; if the preload force of the bolt assemblies in the corresponding area is too small, the corresponding bolt assemblies become loose, and the cutter head in the corresponding area is overloaded; the background controller controls the corresponding alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

[0017] A detection method for a cutter head eccentric load detection device, the steps are as follows: S1: 16 gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are uniformly distributed on the cutter head at equal angles, and the 16 gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... 15, 16 in sequence;

[0018] S2: mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the cutter disc as area A, mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 5, 6, 7, and 8 on the cutter disc as area B, mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 9, 10, 11, and 12 on the cutter disc as area C, and mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 13, 14, 15, and 16 on the cutter disc as area D;

[0019] S3: The preload force signal received by the cutterhead during the excavation process is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, and then transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module;

[0020] S4: The background controller compares the preload forces of the four areas A, B, C, and D according to the signal of the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor; if the preload force of the cutter disc in the corresponding area is too small, the corresponding bolt assembly becomes loose, and the cutter disc in the corresponding area is overloaded; the background controller controls the corresponding alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

[0021] The present invention installs corresponding sensors on the bolt assembly to detect the preload of the fixing bolts, and determines whether the cutterhead in the corresponding area is overloaded according to the change in the size or difference of the preload of the fixing bolts, so that the staff can quickly and accurately find the corresponding position for maintenance and improve the safety of the cutterhead construction. The present invention solves the problem of the difficulty in detecting the overload of the cutterhead connection flange through a simple structural design, which is a major innovation in shield construction, and has good integration with the existing shield cutterhead, reduces production costs, and has a high promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the cutter head and the main bearing of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing device of the present invention connected to the cutter disc.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the control principle of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection status of the sensor and the bolt assembly in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sensor mechanism in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection status of the sensor and the bolt assembly in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection status of the sensor and the bolt assembly in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the bolt assembly distribution status. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a cutter disc eccentric load detection device includes a fixing device for connecting the cutter disc 1 and the main bearing 2. The fixing device includes a bolt assembly 3, and the bolt assembly 3 can be selected in several groups according to needs to ensure that the bolt assembly is evenly distributed on the cutter disc 1 and the main bearing 2 at equal angles along the circumference. The bolt assembly connects the connecting flange of the cutter disc to the main bearing, and then the cutter disc rotates under the action of the main drive. A sensor 4 for detecting the cutter disc eccentric load is provided between the cutter disc 1 and the main bearing 2. The sensor 4 is evenly distributed on the cutter disc 1 at equal angles along the circumference and is located between the cutter disc 1 and the main bearing 2. The sensor 4 is connected to the background controller through a signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module includes a signal conditioning module and a data acquisition module. The signal conditioning module can use a PCB signal conditioner to convert the preload force into a signal that can be collected by the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module can use a data acquisition card to transmit the collected signal to the host computer, i.e., the background controller. The sensor 4 is connected to the input end of the signal conditioning module, the output end of the signal conditioning module is connected to the data acquisition module, the data acquisition module is connected to the background controller, and the background controller is used to store and display the analyzed and processed data; the background controller is connected to a display and an alarm, the display can intuitively display the test results, and when the test data exceeds the preset value, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to carry out maintenance.

[0033] Preferably, the sensor 4 is a gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, which is evenly distributed on the cutter head 1 at equal angles along the circumferential direction and is located between the cutter head 1 and the main bearing 2. The gasket-type piezoelectric sensor is fixed on the cutter head flange, and the number of the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors can be selected as needed to cover the load on the cutter head in all directions.

[0034] The detection method of the above-mentioned cutter head eccentric load detection device comprises the following steps: S1: 16 gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are uniformly distributed on the cutter head 1 at equal angles, and the 16 gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... 15, 16 in sequence;

[0035] S2: mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the cutter disc 1 as area A, mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 5, 6, 7, and 8 on the cutter disc 1 as area B, mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 9, 10, 11, and 12 on the cutter disc 1 as area C, and mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 13, 14, 15, and 16 on the cutter disc 1 as area D;

[0036] S3: The preload force signal received by the cutterhead during the excavation process is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, and then transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module;

[0037] S4: The background controller compares the preload forces of the four areas A, B, C, and D according to the signal of the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor; if the preload force of the cutter disc in the corresponding area is too small, the corresponding bolt assembly becomes loose, and the cutter disc in the corresponding area is overloaded; the background controller controls the corresponding alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

[0038] Embodiment 2, as Figure 4 , 5As shown, a tool disc overload detection device, the bolt assembly 3 is a fixed bolt, and the sensor 4 is arranged on the fixed bolt. The sensor 4 is a gasket-type force sensor 4a, and the gasket-type force sensor 4a includes a matching inner ring 102 and an outer ring 101, the inner ring 102 is sleeved on the fixed bolt, and the outer ring is sleeved on the inner ring, and the inner ring, the outer ring and the fixed bolt are arranged coaxially. A piezoelectric ceramic washer 103 is arranged between the inner ring 102 and the outer ring 101, and a data transmission interface 104 is arranged on the outer ring 101. The piezoelectric ceramic washer 103 is connected to the signal acquisition module through a wire passing through the data transmission interface 104. When the preload force of the fixed bolt changes, the pressure on the piezoelectric ceramic washer changes, and the sensor generates a corresponding electrical signal. Wear-resistant washers 105 are sleeved on the fixed bolt, and the wear-resistant washers 105 are located on both sides of the gasket-type force sensor 4a. In order to protect the gasket force sensor from wear and unbalanced loading during operation, wear-resistant washers are installed on both sides of the sensor. Before tightening, all washers, sensors, etc. need to be put on the screw of the fixing bolt in sequence. When the preload force of the fixing bolt changes, that is, the pressure on the piezoelectric ceramic washer changes, the sensor generates a corresponding electrical signal, and then transmits the generated electrical signal to the data acquisition module through the data transmission line. After being analyzed and processed by the background control system, it is displayed whether the corresponding position of the cutter disc is unbalanced.

[0039] The other structures are the same as those in Example 1.

[0040] Embodiment 3, as Figure 6 As shown, a tool disc overload detection device, the sensor 4 is a filled piezoelectric sensor 4b, at least one axial groove 5 is provided on the fixing bolt along the circumference, and 1 or 2 or 3 or more grooves can be provided as needed, the filled piezoelectric sensor 4b is filled in the axial groove 5, the filled piezoelectric sensor 4b uses a piezoelectric filling material, the piezoelectric filling material is fully filled in the axial groove 5 and sealed, when the preload force of the fixing bolt changes, the fixing bolt undergoes axial strain, and the piezoelectric filling material changes accordingly, the filled piezoelectric sensor 4b is connected to the signal acquisition module via wires. When the fixing bolt is deformed by the preload force, the filled piezoelectric sensor 4b will deform to generate an electrical signal, and then transmit the generated electrical signal to the signal acquisition module through the data transmission line.

[0041] The other structures are the same as those in Example 2.

[0042] Embodiment 4, as Figure 7As shown, a tool head eccentric load detection device, the sensor 4 is a strain gauge sensor 4c, there are multiple strain gauge sensors 4c, and they are fixedly arranged on the fixing bolts along the circumferential direction, the strain gauge can be pasted on the outer circumference of the stud of the fixing bolt, and the strain gauge sensor 4c is connected to the signal acquisition module through wires. During and after the tightening process of the fixing bolt, due to the change of the preload force of the fixing bolt, the fixing bolt and the strain gauge are deformed, and after the original preload force electrical signal is obtained by the strain gauge, the original electrical signal is transmitted out of the data transmission interface by the data transmission line, and the original electrical signal needs to be signal conditioned before it can be converted into preload force data that can be recognized by the data acquisition card. The collected preload force signal is displayed and stored after filtering and other data processing, wherein the signal conditioning and data acquisition part are completed by the multi-channel data acquisition system, and the data processing, display and storage are completed by the dedicated data acquisition software.

[0043] The other structures are the same as those in Example 2.

[0044] The detection method of the cutter head eccentric load detection device is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the steps are as follows: S1: the number of bolt assemblies can be increased or decreased as needed to ensure that the bolt assemblies are evenly distributed on the main bearing. Take 12 bolt assemblies as an example: the 12 bolt assemblies 3 are evenly distributed on the cutter head 1 and the main bearing 2 at equal angles, and the 12 bolt assemblies 3 are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... 11, 12 in sequence;

[0045] S2: mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies 3 of No. 2, 3, 4 (or No. 1, 2, 3, the bolt assembly number can correspond to the corresponding area of ​​the cutter disc, and the bolt assembly number is not fixed) on the cutter disc 1 as area A, mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies 3 of No. 5, 6, 7 on the cutter disc 1 as area B, mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies 3 of No. 8, 9, 10 on the cutter disc 1 as area C, and mark the area corresponding to bolt assemblies 3 of No. 11, 12, 1 on the cutter disc 1 as area D; divide the fixing bolts into four areas, and can also be divided into five, six, or eight areas according to the number and position of the bolt assemblies. The purpose of the zoning is to clearly know which area of ​​the cutter disc has an eccentric load, so that the staff can quickly and accurately find the corresponding position for maintenance;

[0046] S3: The preload force signal of each bolt assembly 3 is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the sensor 4. The signal is collected and processed and transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module; the background controller processes, displays and stores the signal;

[0047] S4: The background controller compares the preload forces of the bolt assemblies in the four areas A, B, C, and D; if the preload force of the bolt assemblies in the corresponding area is too small, that is, the preload force is less than the preset value, or the difference in preload force is large, it means that the corresponding bolt assembly is loose, and the cutter head in the corresponding area is overloaded; the background controller controls the corresponding alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

[0048] The other structures are the same as those of Embodiment 1, 2 or 3.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutter head eccentric load detection device, comprising a fixing device for connecting a cutter head (1) and a main bearing (2), and a sensor (4) for detecting the cutter head eccentric load, Features: The fixing device comprises a bolt assembly (3), the sensor (4) is located between the cutter head (1) and the main bearing (2) or is installed on the bolt assembly (3), and the sensor (4) is connected to a background controller via a signal acquisition module; The bolt assemblies (3) are evenly distributed on the cutter disc (1) and the main bearing (2) at equal angles along the circumferential direction; the bolt assemblies (3) are fixed bolts, and the sensors (4) are arranged on the fixed bolts; in this case, the sensors (4) are gasket-type force sensors (4a) or filled-type piezoelectric sensors (4b) or strain gauge-type sensors (4c); the preload force signal of each bolt assembly (3) is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the sensor (4), and is transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module; if the preload force of the bolt assembly in the corresponding area is too small, that is, the preload force is less than a predetermined value, or the preload force difference is large, it means that the corresponding bolt assembly has become loose, and the cutter disc in the corresponding area has been overloaded; When the sensor (4) is a gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are evenly distributed on the cutterhead (1) at equal angles along the circumference and are located between the cutterhead (1) and the main bearing (2); the preload force signal received by the cutterhead during the excavation process is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, and is transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module; if the preload force of the cutterhead in the corresponding area is too small, the corresponding bolt assembly becomes loose, and the cutterhead in the corresponding area is overloaded.

2. The cutter head eccentric load detection device according to claim 1, Features: The signal acquisition module comprises a signal conditioning module and a data acquisition module. The sensor (4) is connected to the input end of the signal conditioning module, the output end of the signal conditioning module is connected to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module is connected to a background controller. The background controller is connected to a display and an alarm.

3. The cutter head eccentric load detection device according to claim 1, Features: The gasket-type force sensor (4a) comprises an inner sleeve ring (102) and an outer sleeve ring (101) which match each other; the inner sleeve ring (102) is sleeved on a fixing bolt; a piezoelectric ceramic washer (103) is provided between the inner sleeve ring (102) and the outer sleeve ring (101); a data transmission interface (104) is provided on the outer sleeve ring (101); and the piezoelectric ceramic washer (103) is connected to a signal acquisition module via a wire passing through the data transmission interface (104).

4. The cutter head eccentric load detection device according to claim 3, Features: A wear-resistant washer (105) is sleeved on the fixing bolt, and the wear-resistant washer (105) is located on both sides of the gasket-type force sensor (4a).

5. The cutter head eccentric load detection device according to claim 1, Features: At least one axial groove (5) is provided on the fixing bolt along the circumferential direction, a filled piezoelectric sensor (4b) is filled in the axial groove (5), and the filled piezoelectric sensor (4b) is connected to the signal acquisition module via an electric wire.

6. The cutter head eccentric load detection device according to claim 1, Features: The strain gauge sensor (4c) is fixedly arranged on the fixing bolt along the circumferential direction, and the strain gauge sensor (4c) is connected to the signal acquisition module via an electric wire.

7. A detection method for the cutter head eccentric load detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, Features: The steps are as follows: S1: evenly distribute 12 bolt assemblies (3) at equal angles on the cutter head (1) and the main bearing (2), and number the 12 bolt assemblies (3) in sequence as 1, 2, 3, ... 11, 12; S2: The area corresponding to bolt assemblies (3) No. 2, 3, and 4 on the cutter disc (1) is marked as area A, the area corresponding to bolt assemblies (3) No. 5, 6, and 7 on the cutter disc (1) is marked as area B, the area corresponding to bolt assemblies (3) No. 8, 9, and 10 on the cutter disc (1) is marked as area C, and the area corresponding to bolt assemblies (3) No. 11, 12, and 1 on the cutter disc (1) is marked as area D; S3: The preload force signal of each bolt assembly (3) is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the sensor (4), and is then transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module; S4: The background controller compares the preload force of the bolt assemblies in the four areas A, B, C, and D; if the preload force of the bolt assemblies in the corresponding area is too small, the corresponding bolt assemblies become loose, and the cutter head in the corresponding area is overloaded; the background controller controls the corresponding alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

8. A detection method for the cutter head eccentric load detection device according to claim 1, Features: The steps are as follows: S1: 16 gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are uniformly distributed on the cutter head (1) at equal angles, and the 16 gasket-type piezoelectric sensors are numbered 1, 2, 3, ... 15, 16 in sequence; S2: Mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the cutter disc (1) as area A, mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 5, 6, 7, and 8 on the cutter disc (1) as area B, mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 9, 10, 11, and 12 on the cutter disc (1) as area C, and mark the area corresponding to the gasket-type piezoelectric sensors No. 13, 14, 15, and 16 on the cutter disc (1) as area D; S3: The preload force signal received by the cutterhead during the excavation process is transmitted to the signal acquisition module through the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor, and then transmitted to the background controller through the information acquisition module; S4: The background controller compares the preload forces of the four areas A, B, C, and D according to the signal of the gasket-type piezoelectric sensor; if the preload force of the cutter disc in the corresponding area is too small, the corresponding bolt assembly becomes loose, and the cutter disc in the corresponding area is overloaded; the background controller controls the corresponding alarm to sound an alarm to remind the staff to perform maintenance.

Images