A hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, wherein the stator part comprises a first stator part and a second stator part, wherein the first stator part is formed by a plurality of C-shaped stator cores arranged along a circumference, the rotor part comprises rotor teeth, each of which is embedded with a radially magnetized permanent magnet block, and the second stator part is provided with claw-type stator teeth, each of which is wound with an excitation winding. In practice, the motor has a simple structure and has a bipolar magnetic flux. By adding an excitation winding and mixing excitation with a permanent magnet, the motor magnetic flux can be effectively adjusted and the motor speed regulation range can be widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, and more particularly to a hybrid excitation transverse flux permanent magnet motor. Background Art

[0002] With the development of high-power electrical transmission technology, the requirements for high torque density, high efficiency and low cost are put forward for drive motors. For permanent magnet motors with traditional structures, the stator tooth flux flow surface and the armature winding slot section are located in the same cross section, resulting in the mutual restriction of the width of the stator teeth and the width of the armature winding slot, which limits the improvement of the motor torque density. Therefore, a transverse flux permanent magnet motor with the rotor rotation direction perpendicular to the flux surface is proposed. This motor has the advantages of flexible spatial design, and many motor dimensions are independent, which is convenient for structural adjustment and optimization; the stator phases are independent of each other, and the current and induced electromotive force of each phase do not affect each other; the magnetic load and the electric load are decoupled from each other, which improves the power density of the motor. Transverse flux permanent magnet motors have good application prospects in many low-speed and high-torque fields.

[0003] However, traditional transverse flux permanent magnet motors are mostly unipolar flux, with low stator space utilization, high cost, insufficient utilization of permanent magnets, and the problem of difficult adjustment of the air gap magnetic field of permanent magnet motors. In addition, transverse flux motors generally have complex structures and are difficult to produce and process on a large scale. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, which can effectively adjust the motor flux and widen the motor speed regulation range by adding an excitation winding and mixing the excitation with the permanent magnet.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, including a stator part and a rotor part, characterized in that: the stator part includes a first stator part and a second stator part, the first stator part is composed of a plurality of C-shaped stator cores arranged along the circumference, the rotor part includes rotor teeth corresponding to the number of C-shaped stator cores, each rotor tooth is embedded with a radially magnetized permanent magnet block, the second stator part is provided with claw-type stator teeth corresponding to the number of rotor teeth, each claw-type stator tooth is wound with an excitation winding; a magnetic flux loop is formed between each C-shaped stator core and each corresponding rotor tooth, and a magnetic flux loop is also formed between an adjacent group of C-shaped stator cores, a group of corresponding rotor teeth and a group of corresponding claw-type stator teeth.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of rotor teeth share a rotor yoke, the plurality of rotor teeth are evenly distributed around the rotor yoke along the circumference, a permanent magnet block is provided in the middle of the rotor teeth, and the permanent magnet blocks on two connected rotor teeth have opposite magnetization directions.

[0007] Furthermore, the second stator part has a second stator yoke, and a plurality of claw-type stator teeth are evenly distributed around the second stator yoke along the circumference, and the outer side edge of each claw-type stator tooth is flush with the outer side edge of each C-type stator core.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention not only improves the overall technical solution, but also includes many improvements in details. Specifically, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] 1. The improved solution of the present invention, the first stator part, the rotor part and the second stator part work together to generate a bipolar magnetic flux, thereby improving the power density and torque density;

[0010] 2. In the technical solution of the present invention, the second stator part is provided with claw-type stator teeth corresponding to the number of rotor teeth, and each claw-type stator tooth is wound with an excitation winding, which can realize effective regulation of the motor magnetic flux, solve the problem that the air gap magnetic density of the permanent magnet motor is difficult to adjust, and widen the speed regulation range of the motor;

[0011] 3. The first stator part and the second stator part of the present invention are assembled from modular stator components, which has a simple structure, is easy to process, and reduces production costs;

[0012] 4. The present invention has a reasonable structural layout, which can reduce the usage of permanent magnet materials to a certain extent while ensuring the output of motor torque, thereby reducing costs and facilitating promotion and utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of a C-shaped stator core of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second stator part of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 , 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic flux circuit formed by a first stator part and a rotor part in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 , 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of a magnetic flux circuit formed by a first stator part, a rotor part and a second stator part in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 1 first stator part, 2 second stator part, 3 rotor part, 4 armature winding, 5 field winding, 6 claw-type stator teeth, 7 second stator yoke, 8 C-type stator core, 9 rotor yoke, 10 permanent magnet;

[0021] 3-1 rotor tooth A, 3-2 rotor tooth B, 3-3 rotor tooth C, 3-4 rotor tooth D;

[0022] 8-1 C-type stator core A, 8-2 C-type stator core C, 8-3 C-type stator core D;

[0023] 6-1 claw type stator tooth C, 6-2, claw type stator tooth D;

[0024] 10-1 permanent magnet A, 10-2 permanent magnet B, 10-3 permanent magnet C, 10-4 permanent magnet D. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, see Figure 1 , including a stator part and a rotor part, which differs from the prior art in that: the stator part includes a first stator part and a second stator part, the first stator part is composed of a plurality of C-shaped stator cores arranged along a circumference, the rotor part includes rotor teeth corresponding to the number of the C-shaped stator cores, each rotor tooth is embedded with a radially magnetized permanent magnet block, and the second stator part is provided with claw-type stator teeth corresponding to the number of the rotor teeth, each claw-type stator tooth is wound with an excitation winding.

[0027] Specifically, a small magnetic flux loop is formed between each C-type stator core and each corresponding rotor tooth, and a large magnetic flux loop is also formed between an adjacent group of C-type stator cores, a group of corresponding rotor teeth and a group of corresponding claw-type stator teeth. The small magnetic flux loop and the large magnetic flux loop here can run clockwise or counterclockwise. Therefore, when the motor rotates at a certain angular velocity, the polarity of the permanent magnet 10 changes regularly and continuously, so that the magnetic flux in the C-type stator core 8 changes periodically and is bipolar, so that the armature winding located in the circular stator slot generates an induced potential. In addition, during the entire operation of the motor, no matter how the rotor position changes, each permanent magnet 10 can be effectively utilized, thereby improving the utilization rate of the permanent magnet material.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The first stator part, the second stator part and the rotor are axially distributed, and the rotor is located between the first stator part and the second stator part; the first stator part is composed of 2P (P is an odd number) C-shaped stator cores, and the 2P stator cores are evenly distributed along the circumference; the armature winding is embedded in the C-shaped stator core; the rotor includes 2P rotor teeth, and each rotor tooth is embedded with a radially magnetized permanent magnet block; the second stator part is composed of 2P claw-shaped stator teeth, and each claw-shaped stator tooth is wound with an excitation winding.

[0030] The C-shaped stator core of the first stator part and the claw-shaped stator teeth of the second stator part can be stacked into modular components by silicon steel sheets, which is convenient for assembly of the first stator part and the second stator part, simplifies the motor structure, reduces production costs, and is easy to install and maintain.

[0031] In practice, several rotor teeth share a rotor yoke, and several rotor teeth are evenly distributed around the rotor yoke along the circumference. A permanent magnet block is provided in the middle of the rotor tooth (the permanent magnet is not in the middle of the tooth, but radially located in the middle of two teeth of the C-type stator core). The magnetization directions of the permanent magnet blocks on the two connected rotor teeth are opposite, which is convenient for forming an effective magnetic flux circuit later. The permanent magnet is radially located in the middle of the two tooth roots of the C-type stator core, and the radial length of the permanent magnet along the rotor tooth is the same as the axial thickness of the rotor core.

[0032] The second stator part has a second stator yoke, and a number of claw-type stator teeth are evenly distributed around the second stator yoke along the circumference. The outer edge of each claw-type stator tooth is flush with the outer edge of each C-type stator core, that is, the outer circumference of the first stator part is the same as the outer circumference of the second stator part, and the outer circumference of the rotor part is also the same as the previous two, and the three form a coordinated overall structure.

[0033] Through the combined effect of the stator and rotor cores of the first stator, the rotor, and the permanent magnet blocks on the rotor, all permanent magnet materials in the motor are efficiently utilized to generate bipolar magnetic flux, thereby improving the power density and torque density compared to traditional transverse flux motors. In addition, while ensuring the motor torque output, the amount of permanent magnet materials used can be reduced to a certain extent, reducing costs.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] The 14 C-shaped stator cores 8 in the first stator part 1 are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the armature windings 4 are placed in the circular stator slots formed by the C-shaped stator cores. The rotor yoke 9 in the rotor part 3 is surrounded by 14 rotor teeth, and a permanent magnet 10 is arranged on each rotor tooth. The permanent magnet 10 is magnetized radially, and the magnetization directions of the permanent magnets on adjacent rotor teeth are opposite. The permanent magnet 10 is located in the middle of two teeth of the C-shaped stator core 8 in the radial direction. The second stator yoke 7 in the second stator part 2 is connected to 14 claw-shaped stator teeth 6, and an excitation winding 5 is wound on each claw-shaped stator tooth 6.

[0036] The C-type stator core 8 and the claw-type stator teeth 6 are formed by laminating and bonding silicon steel sheets. 14 C-type stator core 8 modules are spliced ​​together to form the first stator part 1. 14 claw-type stator teeth 6 modules are spliced ​​together with the second stator yoke to form the second stator part 2. The motor has a simple structure and is convenient for large-scale processing and production.

[0037] The C-type stator core consists of a crossbeam and two tooth roots connected vertically to the crossbeam. The diameter of the outermost edge of the C-type stator from the motor shaft axis is 200mm, and the diameter of the innermost edge from the motor shaft axis is 87mm. One end of the crossbeam is thick and the other end is thin. The arc angle of the thin end corresponding to the axis is 16.8°, and the arc angle of the thick end corresponding to the axis is 12.8°. The two tooth roots are respectively arranged at both ends of the crossbeam, one thick and the other thin. The radial thickness of the two tooth roots along the radius is equal, which is 10mm. The number of C-type stator cores is an even number. The claw-type stator teeth include a claw portion and a tooth portion vertically connected to the claw portion. The outer diameter of the claw-type stator is the same as the outer diameter of the C-type stator core, which is 200 mm. The claw portion is composed of a cross bar with one end larger than the other end. The arc angle of the large end of the claw portion corresponding to the axis is 10°. The tooth portion of the claw-type stator tooth is set corresponding to the coarse tooth root of the C-type stator core, and the height of the C-type stator core is the same as the height of the claw-type stator tooth.

[0038] When the permanent magnet motor is working, it follows the principle of "minimum magnetic resistance", that is, the magnetic flux is always closed along the path with the minimum magnetic resistance, and the electromagnetic torque of magnetic resistance is generated due to the distortion of magnetic lines of force, which drives the motor to produce rotational motion. This embodiment also follows this principle. Figure 5 , 6 As shown, 8-1 represents a C-shaped stator core A, 3-1 and 3-2 represent two adjacent rotor teeth A and B, and 10-1 and 10-2 represent permanent magnets A and B on two adjacent rotor teeth. Figure 5 When the rotor is in the position shown, the magnetic flux forms a magnetic flux loop along the N pole of the permanent magnet 10-1 - rotor tooth 3-1 - air gap - C-type stator core 8-1 - air gap - rotor tooth 3-1 - S pole of the permanent magnet 10-1. At this moment, the magnetic flux direction of the C-type stator core 8-1 is clockwise. When the rotor is in Figure 6When the motor is in the position shown, the magnetic flux forms a magnetic flux loop along the N pole of the permanent magnet 10-2 - rotor tooth 3-2 - air gap - C-type stator core 8-1 - air gap - rotor tooth 3-2 - S pole of the permanent magnet 10-2. At this moment, the magnetic flux direction in the C-type stator core 8-1 is counterclockwise. Therefore, when the motor rotates at a certain angular velocity, the polarity of the permanent magnet 10 changes regularly and continuously, so that the magnetic flux in the C-type stator core 8 changes periodically and is bipolar, so that the armature winding located in the circular stator slot generates an induced potential. In addition, during the entire operation of the motor, no matter how the rotor position changes, each permanent magnet 10 can be effectively utilized, thereby improving the utilization rate of the permanent magnet material.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, 8-2 and 8-3 represent two adjacent C-type stator cores C and D, 10-3 and 10-4 represent permanent magnets C and D on two adjacent rotor teeth, 3-3 and 3-4 represent two adjacent rotor teeth C and D, and 6-1 and 6-2 represent two adjacent claw-type stator teeth C and D. Figure 7 As shown, when the excitation winding on the claw-type stator tooth 6-2 is passed with a magnetizing current, the excitation magnetic flux forms a closed magnetic flux loop along the claw-type stator tooth 6-2—air gap—rotor tooth 3-4—air gap—C-type stator core 8-3—air gap—rotor tooth 3-4—rotor yoke 9—rotor tooth 3-3—air gap—C-type stator core 8-2—air gap—rotor tooth 3-3—air gap—claw-type stator tooth 6-1—second stator yoke 7—claw-type stator tooth 6-2. It can be seen that the magnetic flux in the C-type stator core 8-3 increases. Figure 8 As shown, when the excitation winding on the claw-type stator tooth 6-2 is passed with a demagnetizing current, the excitation magnetic flux forms a closed magnetic flux loop along the claw-type stator tooth 6-2—the second stator yoke 7—the claw-type stator tooth 6-1—the air gap—the rotor tooth 3-3—the air gap—the C-type stator core 8-2—the air gap—the rotor tooth 3-3—the rotor yoke 9—the rotor tooth 3-4—the air gap—the C-type stator core 8-3—the air gap—the rotor tooth 3-4—the air gap—the claw-type stator tooth 6-2. It can be seen that the magnetic flux in the C-type stator core 8-3 is reduced. The principle of the excitation magnetic flux loop in the adjacent C-type stator core 8-2 is the same as that of the C-type stator core 8-3, and is not explained in detail here. Therefore, by setting the excitation winding, the motor magnetic flux can be effectively adjusted, and the speed regulation range of the motor can be further widened.

[0041] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to the above descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, comprising a stator part and a rotor part, characterized in that: The stator part includes a first stator part and a second stator part. The first stator part is formed by a plurality of C-shaped stator cores arranged along a circumference. The armature winding is embedded in the C-shaped stator core. The rotor part includes rotor teeth corresponding to the number of the C-shaped stator cores. Each rotor tooth is embedded with a radially magnetized permanent magnet block. The magnetization directions of the permanent magnet blocks on two adjacent rotor teeth are opposite. The second stator part is provided with claw-shaped stator teeth corresponding to the number of the rotor teeth. An excitation winding is wound around each claw-shaped stator tooth. A magnetic flux loop is formed between each C-shaped stator core and each corresponding rotor tooth. At the same time, a magnetic flux loop is also formed between an adjacent group of C-shaped stator cores, a group of corresponding rotor teeth and a group of corresponding claw-shaped stator teeth. The permanent magnet is radially located in the middle of two tooth roots of the C-shaped stator core, and the radial length of the permanent magnet along the rotor tooth is the same as the axial thickness of the rotor core; A plurality of rotor teeth share a rotor yoke portion, and the plurality of rotor teeth are evenly distributed around the rotor yoke portion along a circumference.

2. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second stator part has a second stator yoke, and a plurality of claw-type stator teeth are evenly distributed around the second stator yoke along the circumference. The outer edge of each claw-type stator tooth is flush with the outer edge of each C-type stator core, and the height of the C-type stator core is the same as the height of the claw-type stator tooth.

3. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The C-type stator core consists of a crossbeam and two tooth roots vertically connected to the crossbeam. One end of the crossbeam is thick and the other end is thin. The two tooth roots are respectively arranged at the two ends of the crossbeam, one thick and the other thin. The number of C-type stator cores is an even number.

4. A hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The claw-type stator tooth comprises a claw portion and a tooth portion vertically connected to the claw portion, the claw portion is composed of a crossbar with one end being larger than the other end, and the tooth portion of the claw-type stator tooth is arranged corresponding to the coarse tooth root of the C-type stator core.

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