A prefabricated block wall and its hoisting system

Abstract

The present invention relates to an assembled block wall, a multi-layer block layer formed by stacking blocks, a bottom block layer is sequentially built by N blocks along its length direction, and there are vertical mortar joints between adjacent blocks; a block layer of a sub-layer adjacent to the bottom layer is sequentially built by half-length blocks, N-1 blocks and half-length blocks, and there are vertical mortar joints between adjacent blocks; N is a positive integer greater than 1; the alternate block layers have the same structure, and there are horizontal mortar joints between adjacent block layers; two horizontal tie steel bars symmetrically distributed along their length directions are arranged between the block layer of the bottom layer and the block layer of the sub-layer; horizontal tie steel bars with a spacing of 500-600mm are sequentially arranged along the wall height of the assembled block wall, the horizontal tie steel bars are located between adjacent block layers and two are symmetrically arranged along their length directions; the two ends of the horizontal tie steel bars protrude from both sides of the block layer respectively. The present invention adopts masonry construction specifications, has a simple masonry structure, is convenient for automated masonry, and has high masonry efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of construction, and in particular relates to an assembled block wall and a hoisting system thereof. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated block walls are integral wall components that are assembled in factories according to the designed dimensions and then hoisted into place at the construction site. They have high production efficiency, excellent masonry quality and overall performance, and can be assembled quickly.

[0003] Most of the existing prefabricated block walls are built using reinforced masonry specifications, for example, a prefabricated thermal insulation masonry wall disclosed in publication number CN109914644A and a prefabricated wall disclosed in publication number CN109306760A. However, when using reinforced masonry specifications for masonry, both horizontal and vertical steel bars need to be laid, resulting in complex structures and low processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a prefabricated block wall and a hoisting system thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An assembled block wall comprises a plurality of block layers formed by stacking blocks, wherein the block layer of the bottom layer is sequentially built with N blocks along its length direction, and vertical mortar joints are provided between adjacent blocks; the block layer of the secondary layer adjacent to the bottom layer is sequentially built with half-length blocks, N-1 blocks and the other half-length blocks, and vertical mortar joints are provided between adjacent blocks; all the block layers are flush; wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1;

[0007] The alternate block layers have the same structure, and there are transverse mortar joints between adjacent block layers; two horizontal tie steel bars are symmetrically distributed along the length direction between the bottom block layer and the second block layer; horizontal tie steel bars are arranged in sequence with a spacing of 500-600mm along the wall height of the assembled block wall, and the horizontal tie steel bars are located between adjacent block layers and two are symmetrically arranged along the length direction;

[0008] Both ends of each horizontal tie steel bar protrude from both sides of the block layer respectively.

[0009] As a preferred solution, two symmetrical installation grooves are provided on the top surface of the block layer below the horizontal tie steel bars, and the installation grooves are used to install the horizontal tie steel bars.

[0010] As a preferred solution, both ends of the horizontal tie steel bar are bent toward the direction of the symmetrical horizontal tie steel bars to form a hook structure.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the building blocks are autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks or sintered thermal insulation blocks.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the interior surface of the assembled block wall is provided with thermal insulation gypsum.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the fabricated block wall has vertical and horizontal grooves for installing wire tubes or wire boxes; the depth of the vertical grooves is less than 1 / 3 of the wall thickness, and the depth of the horizontal grooves is less than 1 / 4 of the wall thickness.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the height error of the building blocks is no more than 0.5 mm.

[0015] The present invention also provides a lifting system for a prefabricated block wall as described in any of the above schemes, including angle steel, lifting channel steel, and lifting belt, wherein two angle steels are respectively arranged on both sides of the prefabricated block wall, and the spacing between the angle steels matches the thickness of the prefabricated block wall so that the prefabricated block wall is supported on the angle steels; the groove of the lifting channel steel matches the thickness of the prefabricated block wall so that the lifting channel steel is installed on the top of the prefabricated block wall; the lifting belt surrounds the angle steel, the prefabricated block wall, and the lifting channel steel to form an integrated structure; the lifting channel steel has a lifting ring.

[0016] As a preferred solution, when the length of the prefabricated block wall is ≤2.4m, there are two lifting belts; when the length of the prefabricated block wall is greater than 2.4m, there are three lifting belts; the lifting belts are evenly distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated block wall, and the spacing between the lifting belts is not greater than 1.2m.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the lifting belt is a steel belt or a steel wire rope, and the number of the lifting rings is two.

[0018] As a preferred solution, a wooden wedge is provided between the lifting belt and the lifting channel steel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The assembled block wall of the present invention adopts masonry construction specifications, has a simple construction structure, is easy to automatically construct, and has high construction efficiency.

[0021] (2) The raw materials used are autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks and sintered thermal insulation blocks. Both of these blocks are self-insulating materials, so that the assembled block wall of the present invention has self-insulating performance.

[0022] (3) Autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks have excellent processing performance and can be sawed, planed, nailed, milled, drilled, etc. Autoclaved sand aerated concrete block walls also have this feature, so they can be produced in a standardized manner and then cut according to the construction drawings. They are not restricted by the module and have a shorter delivery cycle.

[0023] (4) After the wall is built, apply 3mm thick thermal insulation plaster on the interior surface of the wall to improve the assembly efficiency of the subsequent assembled building.

[0024] (5) The accuracy (height) of the block error after grinding by special equipment is 0.5mm. The current highest accuracy block error is 1-3mm. Since the thickness of the mortar joints in automated wall construction is a fixed value, the block error cannot be adjusted by the mortar joint thickness. The 0.5mm block accuracy meets the requirements of fully automated wall construction.

[0025] (6) The 0.5mm block accuracy (height) meets the requirement of semi-automatic masonry wall mortar joint thickness of only 1-3mm, which reduces the heat transfer coefficient of the wall and improves energy saving by about 20-30%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the assembled block wall of the first embodiment of the present invention when it is ready to be packaged;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of laying tie steel bars in the bottom block layer of the assembled block wall according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting system for an assembled block wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural exploded diagram of a hoisting system for an assembled block wall according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hoisting system for an assembled block wall according to a first embodiment of the present invention (the assembled block wall is omitted);

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an assembled block wall according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the directional terms mentioned in the following embodiments, such as up, down, left, right, front or back, etc., are only reference directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are used to illustrate and not to limit the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1-2As shown, the assembled block wall of this embodiment includes multiple block layers (ten block layers in the figure) formed by stacking blocks 1.

[0035] The blocks in this embodiment are autoclaved sand aerated concrete blocks, which are self-insulating materials, with dimensions of 600mm long*250mm high*180mm thick, lightweight blocks, and low bulk density (density 525-1000kg / m 3 ), which is convenient for transportation and installation, reduces the weight of the building, and reduces the structural cost. In addition, the accuracy (i.e., height error) of the blocks after grinding by special equipment is less than or equal to 0.5mm. The error of the blocks with the highest accuracy at present is 1-3mm, so special equipment is required for grinding. Because the thickness of the mortar joints of the automated masonry wall is a fixed value (i.e., 1-3mm), the block error cannot be adjusted by the thickness of the mortar joints. The 0.5mm block accuracy meets the requirements of fully automated wall masonry.

[0036] The production process of the assembled block wall of this embodiment is as follows:

[0037] Prepare materials according to drawings → mix mortar → build walls → pipelines and decoration → wrap walls with steel belts → maintain walls → label and hoist.

[0038] 1) Batching: Batching (cutting, grinding and grooving) is carried out according to the block statistics table, steel bar and embedded parts statistics table of each wall in the drawing, and the prepared materials are stacked in sequence next to the corresponding masonry steel plates.

[0039] 2) Mixing: Mix the mortar strictly according to the given water-cement ratio and mixing time. The mixing water should comply with the provisions of JGJ63; the premixed mortar should comply with the provisions of GB / T25181.

[0040] 3) Wall masonry: Lay steel strips and angle steels on the masonry steel plate; when the length of the wall is ≤2.4m, there are 2 steel strips; when the length of the wall is >2.4m, there are 3 steel strips; then proceed with wall masonry. During the masonry process, set 2φ6 tie bars with a spacing of 500-600mm along the full height of the wall, and use plumb bobs to control the verticality of the wall, and pull construction lines in the horizontal direction to control the flatness of the wall to meet the requirements of the standard. When the lifting and masonry is above four floors, the lifting platform rises 25cm for each upper floor. After the wall masonry is completed, use beauty seam steel bars to point the wall joints and clean the surface. After cleaning, check the outer contour dimensions and check the flatness and verticality of the wall. Pop up the center line of the wall in the vertical direction on both sides of the wall for installation calibration.

[0041] 4) Pipelines and decoration: groove the corresponding walls according to the requirements of the drawings, with vertical grooves <1 / 3 wall thickness and horizontal grooves <1 / 4 wall thickness, and put in wire pipes and boxes, and use special repair materials to level the pipeline parts; paint the corresponding walls as required by the drawings.

[0042] 5) Wall packaging: Place a lifting steel beam on the top of the wall and use a steel strapping machine to pack the wall. The steel strapping should fit tightly against the wall after packaging.

[0043] 6) Labeling and hoisting: Fix a 100×80mm display sign on the wall and post the product certificate on the sign. The certificate includes the company name, product name, product model, inspector, inspection results, and factory date. After the wall is cured for 12 hours, hoist it to the finished product area.

[0044] The assembled block wall produced by the above production process, such as Figure 1 As shown, the block layer of the bottom layer is built in sequence by N blocks along its length direction, and there are vertical mortar joints 2 between adjacent blocks; the block layer of the sub-layer adjacent to the bottom layer is built in sequence by half-length blocks 3, N-1 blocks 1 and another half-length blocks 3, and there are vertical mortar joints 2 between adjacent blocks; all the block layers are flush, that is, the prefabricated block wall is a square structure; wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1; the half-length block 3 is the block 1 divided into two equal pieces along the length.

[0045] The structures of the alternating block layers are the same. The bottom layer is the first layer. Counting the layers from bottom to top, the block layers of the odd-numbered layers have the same structure as the block layers of the bottom layer, and the block layers of the even-numbered layers have the same structure as the block layers of the second layer, thereby ensuring the structural strength and stability of the prefabricated block wall.

[0046] There are transverse mortar joints 4 between adjacent block layers to ensure the transverse connection stability between the block layers.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, two horizontal tie bars 5 are symmetrically distributed along the length direction between the bottom block layer and the second block layer. Specifically, the horizontal tie bars are φ6 tie bars, and accordingly, two symmetrical installation grooves 6 are opened on the top surface of the bottom block layer, and the installation grooves 6 extend along the length direction of the block layer, and both ends are connected to the outside; the installation grooves 6 are used to install the horizontal tie bars 5, and the left and right ends of the horizontal tie bars 5 protrude from the two sides of the block layer, respectively, and the protruding length is 250mm. When the length of the concrete column at the construction site is greater than or equal to 250mm, the left and right ends of the horizontal tie bars do not need to be bent; when the length of the concrete column at the construction site is less than 250mm, in order to prevent the tie bars from protruding beyond the column, they need to be bent, and the left and right ends of the horizontal tie bars are bent in the direction of the symmetrical horizontal tie bars to form a hook structure 50.

[0048] Taking the horizontal tie steel bars of the bottom block layer as the reference, horizontal tie steel bars with a spacing of 500-600mm are sequentially arranged along the wall height of the prefabricated block wall. The horizontal tie steel bars are located between adjacent block layers and two are symmetrically arranged along their length direction. Specifically, two symmetrical installation grooves are opened on the top surface of the block layer below the horizontal tie steel bars, and the installation grooves are used to install the horizontal tie steel bars. The opening of the installation grooves and the installation of the horizontal tie steel bars are the same as the bottom layer, and will not be repeated here. Figure 1 As shown, since the size of the blocks in this embodiment is 600mm long*250mm high*180mm thick, it is only necessary to open installation grooves on the top surface of the odd-numbered block layers and install 2φ6 tie bars. The specific location of the installation groove is designed according to the actual height of the blocks, and the spacing between the horizontal tie bars in the height direction is 500-600mm.

[0049] The assembled block wall of this embodiment has vertical and horizontal grooves for installing wire tubes or wire boxes, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent assembled building completion. The depth of the vertical groove is less than 1 / 3 of the wall thickness, and the depth of the horizontal groove is less than 1 / 4 of the wall thickness.

[0050] The assembled block wall and beams and columns of this embodiment can be rigidly connected, and the wall can be directly used as the side form of the frame column or the bottom form of the frame beam; or they can be flexibly connected, and 10-20mm of flexible material can be reserved for filling.

[0051] The assembled block wall used in this embodiment, such as Figure 3-5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a hoisting system for the assembled block wall, including two angle steels 7, a hoisting channel steel 8, and three steel belts 9.

[0052] Two angle steels 7 are respectively arranged on both sides of the assembled block wall. The angle steels are pre-placed before masonry. The spacing between the angle steels matches the thickness of the assembled block wall, so that the assembled block wall is supported on the angle steels, which is convenient for subsequent packaging and hoisting. The length of the angle steel 7 is equal to the length of the assembled block wall.

[0053] The groove of the hoisting channel steel 8 matches the thickness of the assembled block wall, so that the hoisting channel steel is embedded in the top of the assembled block wall; wherein, the length of the groove of the hoisting channel steel 8 is equal to the length of the assembled block wall.

[0054] Three steel belts are placed at the bottom of the angle steel in advance, and the steel belts surround the angle steel 7, the assembled block wall, and the hoisting channel steel 8 to form an integrated structure.

[0055] Among them, the hoisting channel steel 8 is welded with two U-shaped hoisting rings 80, which is convenient for the subsequent hoisting of the assembled block wall.

[0056] The length of the assembled block wall in this embodiment is greater than 2.4 m, so there are three steel strips. If the length of the assembled block wall is less than or equal to 2.4 m, two steel strips are provided.

[0057] The steel belts are evenly distributed along the length of the prefabricated block wall to improve the stability of the lifting.

[0058] Specifically, the hoisting method of the hoisting system of the assembled block wall of this embodiment is as follows:

[0059] 1. Hoisting materials

[0060] ①Steel belt (32mm*1.2mm), angle steel (30mm*30mm*1mm), lifting channel steel (220mm*77mm*7), steel belt clips, KZL32 pneumatic tensioning machine, KZS32 pneumatic locking machine.

[0061] Among them, two U-shaped lifting rings are welded on the lifting steel trough.

[0062] 2. Tie all components in place

[0063] ① Steel belt in place: place the tying steel belt on the masonry platform (the spacing is not more than 1.2m);

[0064] ② Angle steel in place: the spacing between angle steels is the same as the wall thickness;

[0065] Lifting channel steel into place: After the wall is built, place horizontal lifting channel steel on the top of the wall, and tie the angle steel, wall and channel steel tightly with binding steel belts.

[0066] 3. Binding

[0067] ① Binding time: start binding 3 hours after the wall is completed;

[0068] ② Binding air pressure: KZL32 pneumatic tensioning machine uses air pressure of 0.4~0.6Mpa, tensioning force 8.5KN, KZS32 pneumatic locking machine uses air pressure of 0.4~0.6Mpa, clip withstands tension ≥16.85KN.

[0069] ③Tighten the steel belt.

[0070] According to mechanical calculation, the hoisting safety factor of the hoisting method in this embodiment is 2.0, which ensures the safety during the wall hoisting process.

[0071] As the strength of the autoclaved sand aerated concrete block prefabricated block wall is relatively low, direct packaging and lifting of the steel belt will cause damage to the contact area between the bottom corners of the wall and the steel belt due to the small stress area. The angle steel increases the stress area and plays a protective role.

[0072] During the installation process, when there is a small deviation in the wall, a crowbar is used for fine-tuning. If the crowbar directly contacts the bottom corner of the wall, it is easy to cause damage to the corner. The angle steel increases the force-bearing area and plays a protective role.

[0073] Embodiment 2:

[0074] The hoisting system of the assembled block wall of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that:

[0075] The steel belt of the first embodiment is replaced with the steel wire rope of this embodiment. Due to the structure and size of the steel wire rope, if it is placed directly under the angle steel, it is easy to cause the bottom of the wall to be unstable. Therefore, in this embodiment, a support is provided between the masonry platform and the angle steel, and the support and the steel wire rope are staggered to avoid the influence of the movement of the steel wire rope on the angle steel. In addition, the steel belt and the steel wire rope can also be replaced by existing commonly used binding ropes, strips, etc., as long as they have sufficient binding strength.

[0076] The structure of the assembled block wall of this embodiment may refer to the first embodiment.

[0077] For other structures of the hoisting system of the prefabricated block wall of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment.

[0078] Embodiment three:

[0079] The assembled block wall of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that:

[0080] The building blocks are sintered heat-insulating building blocks, so that the assembled building block wall also has self-heat-insulating performance, and the material selection is diversified. In addition, the building blocks can also be other existing building blocks with heat-insulating performance or building blocks with other functions.

[0081] For other structures of the assembled block wall of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment.

[0082] The hoisting system of the prefabricated block wall of this embodiment can refer to the first embodiment.

[0083] Embodiment 4:

[0084] The assembled block wall of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that:

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, the interior surface of the assembled block wall is plastered with thermal insulation gypsum A, and there is no need to apply thermal insulation gypsum in the subsequent wall assembly process, thereby improving the completion efficiency of the assembled building.

[0086] For other structures of the assembled block wall of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment.

[0087] The hoisting system of the prefabricated block wall of this embodiment can refer to the first embodiment.

[0088] Embodiment five:

[0089] The hoisting system of the assembled block wall of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that:

[0090] During the wall packing process, the packed steel belt should fit tightly against the wall. If the steel belt is loose after packing, wooden wedges should be inserted between the lifting steel beam and the steel belt to prevent the prefabricated block wall from loosening and improve the stability of the lifting.

[0091] The assembled block wall of this embodiment can refer to the first embodiment.

[0092] For other structures of the hoisting system of the prefabricated block wall of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment.

[0093] Embodiment six:

[0094] The assembled block wall of this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that:

[0095] When the prefabricated block wall has window openings, the wall with window openings is temporarily supported by square wood, and inclined support installation holes are pre-drilled on the wall with a non-impact electric drill. The holes should be staggered with the steel belts to improve the structural strength of the prefabricated block wall with window openings and facilitate subsequent lifting.

[0096] For other structures of the assembled block wall of this embodiment, reference may be made to the first embodiment.

[0097] The hoisting system of the prefabricated block wall of this embodiment can refer to the first embodiment.

[0098] The above description is only a detailed description of the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, according to the ideas provided by the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods, and these changes should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled block wall, comprising multiple block layers formed by stacking blocks, characterized in that: The block layer of the bottom layer is built in sequence with N blocks along its length direction, with vertical joints between adjacent blocks; the block layer of the second layer adjacent to the bottom layer is built in sequence with half-length blocks, N-1 blocks and the other half-length blocks, with vertical joints between adjacent blocks; all block layers are flush; wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1; The alternate block layers have the same structure, and there are transverse mortar joints between adjacent block layers; two horizontal tie steel bars are symmetrically distributed along the length direction between the bottom block layer and the second block layer; horizontal tie steel bars are arranged in sequence with a spacing of 500-600mm along the wall height of the assembled block wall, and the horizontal tie steel bars are located between adjacent block layers and two are symmetrically arranged along the length direction; The two ends of each horizontal tie steel bar protrude from the two sides of the block layer to connect with the concrete column. When the length of the concrete column at the construction site is greater than or equal to 250mm, the left and right ends of the horizontal tie steel bar do not need to be bent; when the length of the concrete column at the construction site is less than 250mm, the tie steel bar needs to be bent so that it does not exceed the column, and the two ends of the horizontal tie steel bar are bent in the direction of the symmetrical horizontal tie steel bar to form a hook structure; Two symmetrical installation grooves are provided on the top surface of the block layer below the horizontal tie steel bars, and the installation grooves are used to install the horizontal tie steel bars.

2. The assembled block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The building blocks are autoclaved sand aerated concrete building blocks or sintered thermal insulation building blocks.

3. The assembled block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior surface of the assembled block wall is provided with thermal insulation gypsum.

4. The assembled block wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The assembled block wall has vertical and horizontal hollow grooves for installing wire tubes or wire boxes; the depth of the vertical hollow grooves is less than 1 / 3 of the wall thickness, and the depth of the horizontal hollow grooves is less than 1 / 4 of the wall thickness.

5. The hoisting system for the assembled block wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes angle steel, lifting channel steel and lifting belt. Two angle steels are respectively arranged on both sides of the assembled block wall. The spacing between the angle steels matches the thickness of the assembled block wall so that the assembled block wall is supported on the angle steels. The groove of the lifting channel steel matches the thickness of the assembled block wall so that the lifting channel steel is installed on the top of the assembled block wall. The lifting belt surrounds the angle steel, the assembled block wall and the lifting channel steel to form an integrated structure. The lifting channel steel has a lifting ring. When the length of the prefabricated block wall is ≤2.4m, there are two lifting belts; when the length of the prefabricated block wall is greater than 2.4m, there are three lifting belts; the lifting belts are evenly distributed along the length direction of the prefabricated block wall, and the spacing between the lifting belts is not greater than 1.2m.

6. The hoisting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting belt is a steel belt or a steel wire rope, and the number of the lifting rings is two.

7. The hoisting system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A wooden wedge is arranged between the lifting belt and the lifting channel steel.

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