Lightweight prefabricated staircase with steps and side beams bearing force together and prefabrication method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a light prefabricated staircase in which steps and side beams are jointly stressed, comprising multiple steps, a support plate under the steps, a side support frame and at least one integral reinforcement beam, wherein the side support frame comprises two side beams and two end beams arranged correspondingly on the left and right sides, the support plate under the steps is supported on the frame, and the four sides of the support plate under the steps are respectively connected to the side beams and the end beams, the integral reinforcement beam is transversely arranged on the upper surface of the support plate under the steps, the two ends of the integral reinforcement beam are respectively connected to the side beams, the integral reinforcement beam protrudes upward, multiple steps are arranged on the upper surface of the support plate under the steps, and the two ends of the steps are respectively connected to the side beams. The light prefabricated staircase of the present invention not only meets the stress requirements of the staircase, but also effectively reduces its own weight. The present invention also discloses a prefabrication method, in which the light prefabricated staircase is prefabricated in a state where the whole is turned over and faces downward, which is suitable for the prefabrication of the above-mentioned light prefabricated staircase and is easy to operate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a light prefabricated staircase with steps and side beams subjected to common forces, and also relates to a prefabrication method of the light prefabricated staircase with steps and side beams subjected to common forces. Background Art

[0002] Traditional cast-in-place stairs have many construction quality defects and are prone to problems such as mold expansion and concrete leakage. People walking back and forth before the concrete reaches sufficient strength can easily damage the edges and corners of the steps.

[0003] Compared with cast-in-place concrete stairs, prefabricated stairs can improve project quality, increase construction efficiency, and reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, the degree of standardization of prefabricated staircase components in a building is often high, so they have been widely used.

[0004] Traditional staircases use plate-type construction within the staircase flights, and the span and plate thickness of the stairs are relatively large. When prefabricated stairs are used, they often bring burdens to on-site hoisting due to their heavy weight, especially the scissor stairs in residential projects. The dead weight of a single staircase component exceeds 5 tons, which greatly increases the burden of hoisting.

[0005] There are two main methods currently used to ensure smooth hoisting of prefabricated staircase components: one is to directly increase the hoisting capacity of the tower crane; the other is to divide the prefabricated staircase with a large span into two sections, and set a structural beam in the middle to connect the two sections of the staircase into a whole. However, increasing the hoisting capacity of the tower crane will directly increase the construction cost of the entire project; and dividing the staircase components into two sections will increase the on-site hoisting workload.

[0006] According to the "Implementation Opinions on Vigorously Developing Prefabricated Buildings" issued by Guangdong Province, more than 15% of new buildings in the province will be prefabricated by the end of 2020, and more than 35% by the end of 2025. With the development of prefabricated buildings, the impact of stair components on the hoisting of prefabricated projects, especially on the hoisting of prefabricated residential projects, will become more prominent. Summary of the invention

[0007] The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a light prefabricated staircase in which the steps and the side beams bear the force together, which not only meets the force requirements of the staircase, but also effectively reduces the deadweight.

[0008] The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for prefabricating the above-mentioned light prefabricated staircase in which the treads and the side beams bear the force together and which is easy to operate.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned first technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A light prefabricated staircase in which steps and side beams are jointly stressed, comprises multiple steps, and is characterized in that it also comprises a support plate under the steps, a side support frame and at least one integral reinforcing beam, the side support frame comprises two side beams correspondingly arranged on the left and right and two end beams respectively connected to the two ends of the two side beams, the support plate under the steps is supported on the frame, and the four sides of the support plate under the steps are respectively connected to the side beams and the end beams, the integral reinforcing beam is transversely arranged on the upper surface of the support plate under the steps, the two ends of the integral reinforcing beam are respectively connected to the side beams, the integral reinforcing beam protrudes upward, multiple steps are arranged on the upper surface of the support plate under the steps, the two ends of the steps are respectively connected to the side beams, and the integral reinforcing beam corresponds to the steps therein, is arranged in the corresponding steps, and is built integrally with the steps.

[0011] Furthermore, lightweight materials are embedded in the steps.

[0012] Furthermore, the lightweight material is a hollow PVC tube or a solid PVC rod.

[0013] Furthermore, the integral reinforcement beam includes a row of multiple triangular-shaped formed steel bars arranged transversely, multiple transverse connecting steel bars that pass transversely through the formed steel bars for connecting the formed steel bars, and end connecting steel bars arranged at both ends, and a portion of the end connecting steel bars extends into the side beams and is connected to the side beams.

[0014] Furthermore, the lightweight prefabricated staircase also includes flip-up hangers and hanging hangers pre-buried on the sides.

[0015] Furthermore, mounting holes are preset at both ends of the lightweight prefabricated staircase, and reinforcing ribs for reinforcing the mounting holes are pre-embedded at the mounting holes.

[0016] Furthermore, a steel mesh is provided in the step, and a shape formed by bending the steel mesh corresponds to the shape of the step.

[0017] Furthermore, the lower support plate of the step includes a thin plate, a plurality of transverse steel bars arranged side by side on the surface of the thin plate, and a plurality of longitudinal steel bars arranged side by side on the surface of the thin plate.

[0018] To solve the above second technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0019] A method for prefabricating the above-mentioned lightweight prefabricated staircase is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: The light prefabricated staircase is prefabricated in a state where the whole staircase is turned upside down. The forming mold is installed according to the shape of the light prefabricated staircase, and the part of the forming mold corresponding to the step is located at the bottom, and the other corresponding parts are located at the top;

[0021] S2: Tie up the steel bars and embedded parts required for each component of the light prefabricated staircase in the forming mold;

[0022] S3: pouring concrete into the forming mold;

[0023] S4: Demolding, turning over to the upward position, and watering for curing.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S4, demoulding is performed when the concrete reaches 75% of the design strength.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The light prefabricated staircase of the present invention is effectively connected into a whole through the steps, the support plates under the steps, the side support frames and the integral reinforcement beams, which meets the force requirements of the staircase components. Compared with the traditional prefabricated staircases, the self-weight of the stairs is effectively reduced, so that the light prefabricated staircase of the present invention can be suitable for the normal tower crane lifting capacity of the construction project, and at the same time does not increase the lifting workload on site, which is of great significance to the healthy development of prefabricated projects.

[0027] 2. The lightweight prefabricated staircase of the present invention can be pre-embedded with lightweight materials in the steps, thereby further reducing the weight of the lightweight prefabricated staircase of the present invention.

[0028] 3. The prefabrication method of the present invention adopts a reverse prefabrication method, that is, during the prefabrication process, the lightweight prefabricated staircase is turned upside down as a whole and is turned over after molding and demoulding. This is more suitable for the prefabrication of the lightweight prefabricated staircase of the present invention and is easy to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of a lightweight prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the reinforcement of the side beams and end beams of the lightweight prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the step structure of the light prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic side view of the steel reinforcement structure of the integral reinforcement beam of the light prefabricated staircase of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a front view schematic diagram of the steel bar structure of the integral reinforcement beam of the light prefabricated staircase of the present invention.

[0035] Meaning of reference numerals in the figure:

[0036] 1-side beam; 2-step; 2a-step reinforcement; 3-hollow PVC pipe; 4-end beam; 5-flip hanging nail; 6-lifting hanging nail; 7-installation hole; 8-reinforcement rib at the hole; 9-steel mesh; 10-steel group; 11-integral reinforcement beam; 11a-shaped reinforcement; 11b-end connecting reinforcement; 11c-transverse connecting reinforcement; 12-step lower support plate; 13-hanging nail reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 The light prefabricated staircase shown in the figure, in which the tread and the side beam are jointly stressed, comprises a plurality of treads 2, a support plate 12 under the tread, a side support frame and two integral reinforcement beams 11. The side support frame comprises two side beams 1 arranged correspondingly on the left and right and two end beams 4 respectively connecting the two ends of the two side beams 1, and the support plate 12 under the tread comprises a thin plate, a plurality of transverse steel bars arranged side by side on the upper surface of the thin plate and a plurality of longitudinal steel bars arranged side by side on the lower surface of the thin plate.

[0039] The step lower support plate 12 is supported on the frame, and the four sides of the step lower support plate 12 are respectively connected to the side beam 1 and the end beam 4, connecting the frame into a whole. Two integral reinforcement beams 11 are both arranged horizontally on the upper surface of the step lower support plate 12, respectively located near the two ends of the light prefabricated staircase, the two ends of the integral reinforcement beam 11 are respectively connected to the side beam 1, the integral reinforcement beam 11 is triangular and protrudes upward, and the multi-level steps 2 are arranged on the upper surface of the step lower support plate 12, the two ends of the steps 2 are connected to the side beam 1, and the step lower support plate 12 supports the steps 2. The two integral reinforcement beams 11 correspond to two of the steps 2, and are arranged in the corresponding steps, and are built into one with the steps. The upwardly protruding integral reinforcement beam 11 can play a supporting force on the steps 2 along the direction of the step lower support plate 12 and connect the two side beams 1, and the light prefabricated staircase is integrally strengthened, so that the light prefabricated staircase can meet the force requirements. The various components of the above-mentioned light prefabricated staircase are cast and formed together by pouring concrete, and are formed into one piece.

[0040] In order to further reduce the weight of the lightweight prefabricated staircase, in this embodiment, except for the two steps corresponding to the integral reinforcing beam 11, the remaining steps 2 are all pre-buried with lightweight materials, which are hollow PVC pipes 3, and the hollow PVC pipes 3 are transversely arranged in the steps 2. Of course, the lightweight material can also be solid PVC rods and other lightweight filling materials.

[0041] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the integral reinforcement beam 11 includes a row of multiple triangular-shaped shaped steel bars 11a arranged transversely, multiple transverse connecting steel bars 11c transversely passing through the shaped steel bars 11a for connecting the shaped steel bars 11a, and end connecting steel bars 11b arranged at both ends. The end connecting steel bars 11b are bent into a triangular shape, and both ends of the end connecting steel bars 11b extend downward into the side beam 1 and extend to the lower side of the side beam 1 to be connected to the side beam 1. The end connecting steel bars 11b make the connection strength between the integral reinforcement beam 11 and the side beam 1 higher.

[0042] In order to facilitate prefabrication and hoisting, the lightweight prefabricated staircase of this embodiment is pre-embedded with flip hangers 5 and hoisting hangers 6 at the upper and lower parts of its side, and the hanger reinforcement ribs 13 are arranged to overlap with the end connecting steel bars 11b of the integral reinforcement beam.

[0043] For the convenience of installation, mounting holes 7 are preset at both ends of the lightweight prefabricated staircase, and hole reinforcement ribs 8 for reinforcing the mounting holes 7 are embedded in the mounting holes 7. The hole reinforcement ribs 8 are two U-shaped steel bars embedded in the upper and lower ends of the mounting holes 7.

[0044] In this embodiment, a steel mesh 9 is provided in the step. The shape formed by bending the steel mesh 9 corresponds to the shape of the step 2, forming a multi-step ladder corresponding to the step 2. The hollow PVC pipe 3 is passed under the steel mesh 9, and a plurality of transverse step steel bars 2a are provided under the steel mesh 9 of the step 2.

[0045] Of course, there are also steel bar groups 10 in the side beams 1 and end beams 4 of the side support frame. The steel bar groups 10 include a plurality of square steel bars arranged side by side and connecting steel bars that penetrate and connect.

[0046] The prefabrication method of the above-mentioned light prefabricated staircase of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1: The light prefabricated staircase is prefabricated in a state where the whole staircase is turned upside down. This is a reverse prefabrication method. The forming mold is installed according to the shape of the light prefabricated staircase. The part of the forming mold corresponding to the step 2 is located at the bottom, and the other corresponding parts are located at the top. Note that the installation positions of the turning hanging nails 5 and the hanging hanging nails 6 should be reserved at the side mold;

[0048] S2: tying the steel bars and embedded parts required for each component of the light prefabricated staircase in the forming mold, that is, tying the steel mesh 9, the step steel bars 2a, the hollow PVC pipe 3, the step lower support plate 12, the steel bar group 10 in the side beam and the end beam, the turning hanging nail 5, the hanging hanging nail 6 and other required steel bars and embedded parts, and tying them into a whole;

[0049] S3: Install the end mold and cover plate of the forming mold, and pour concrete into the forming mold;

[0050] S4: When the concrete reaches about 75% of the design strength, it is demoulded, turned upward by using the turning nails 5, and watered for curing.

[0051] Finally, use the lifting nails 6 to lift it into the warehouse and wait for shipment.

[0052] The number of the integral reinforcement beams 11 of the present invention is set according to the design strength requirements.

[0053] The above embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, and the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited thereto. All other modifications, replacements or changes made to the above structures of the present invention based on the above contents of the present invention, in accordance with common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, without departing from the above basic technical ideas of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light prefabricated staircase in which the steps and the side beams bear the force together, comprising multiple steps, characterized in that: The step frame also includes a lower support plate for steps, an edge support frame and at least one integral reinforcement beam, the edge support frame including two side beams correspondingly arranged on the left and right and two end beams respectively connecting the two ends of the two side beams, the lower support plate for steps is supported on the edge support frame, and the four sides of the lower support plate for steps are respectively connected to the side beams and the end beams, the integral reinforcement beam is transversely arranged on the upper surface of the lower support plate for steps, the two ends of the integral reinforcement beam are respectively connected to the side beams, the integral reinforcement beam protrudes upward, the multiple steps are arranged on the upper surface of the lower support plate for steps, the two ends of the steps are respectively connected to the side beams, and the integral reinforcement beam corresponds to the steps therein, and is arranged in the corresponding steps, and is built as a whole with the steps; the integral reinforcement beam includes a row of multiple triangular-shaped molded steel bars arranged transversely, multiple transverse connecting steel bars transversely passing through the molded steel bars for connecting the molded steel bars, and end connecting steel bars arranged at both ends, a part of the end connecting steel bars extends into the side beams and is connected to the side beams.

2. The lightweight prefabricated staircase with steps and side beams bearing force together according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Lightweight materials are embedded in the steps.

3. The lightweight prefabricated staircase with steps and side beams bearing force together according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The light material is a hollow PVC tube or a solid PVC rod.

4. The lightweight prefabricated staircase with joint force between the treads and the side beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light prefabricated staircase also includes turning hanging nails and hanging hanging nails pre-buried on the sides.

5. The lightweight prefabricated staircase with joint force between the treads and the side beams according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mounting holes are respectively preset at both ends of the light prefabricated staircase, and hole reinforcing ribs for reinforcing the mounting holes are pre-embedded at the mounting holes.

6. The lightweight prefabricated staircase with the treads and the side beams bearing the force together according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A steel mesh is arranged inside the step, and a shape formed by bending the steel mesh corresponds to the shape of the step.

7. The lightweight prefabricated staircase with the treads and the side beams bearing the force together according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step lower support plate comprises a thin plate, a plurality of transverse steel bars arranged side by side on the surface of the thin plate, and a plurality of longitudinal steel bars arranged side by side on the surface of the thin plate.

8. A method for prefabricating a lightweight prefabricated staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The light prefabricated staircase is prefabricated in a state where the whole staircase is turned upside down, and a forming mold is installed according to the shape of the light prefabricated staircase, with the portion of the forming mold corresponding to the step located at the bottom and the other corresponding portions located at the top; S2: tying the steel bars and embedded parts required for the components of the lightweight prefabricated staircase in the forming mold; S3: pouring concrete into the forming mold; S4: Demolding, turning over to the upward position, and watering for curing.

9. The prefabrication method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, demoulding is performed when the concrete reaches 75% of the design strength.

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