A corn plot yield measuring and harvesting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a machine that belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, specifically a corn plot yield measuring harvester, which includes: a frame, a header device, a conveying device, a threshing device, a pneumatic conveying device, a cleaning device, a yield measuring device, a walking device, an operating control device, and a driving device. The threshing device includes a threshing drum, a screen, a draft remover, a grain receiving device, and a re-threshing conveying pipe. The pneumatic conveying device includes a conveying fan, an air duct, a collection box connected to a grain collecting auger, and a guide pipe corresponding to the cleaning device. The yield measuring device includes a feed funnel, a top collection box, a first yield measuring box, a second yield measuring box, and a seed bin that are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The invention realizes harvesting, threshing, yield measuring, and collection in the process of receiving corn plots, realizes the automation of the harvesting process, and avoids mixed harvesting of different plots.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a corn plot yield measuring and harvesting machine. Background Art

[0002] Plot breeding harvest is to harvest the selected crop varieties and compare the yield, bulk density, etc. It is an important part of agricultural crop breeding. This part has a long operation cycle, high precision requirements, and high labor intensity. Compared with field harvesting, neighboring plots are planted with different crop varieties. After harvesting each plot, the seeds in the machine must be cleaned before harvesting the next plot to avoid mixing of different varieties.

[0003] The threshing effect of the corn plot yield measuring harvester in the existing technology needs to be improved, the degree of automation of the whole machine is low, the field of vision is poor, and the operation is complicated. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a corn plot yield measuring harvester.

[0004] In addition, at present, the majority of domestic plot trials are still harvested manually and threshed by ordinary threshers in sections. Manual harvesting takes a long time, delays farming time, has low work efficiency, and causes large indirect losses, resulting in poor comparability of test data. Ordinary grain harvesters have problems such as high seed breakage rate, high loss rate, difficulty in internal cleaning, and large amount of seed residue, which can easily cause seed mixing and distort test data. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a corn plot yield measuring and harvesting machine suitable for plot breeding.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn plot yield measuring harvester, which has a high corn seed removal rate and a low breakage rate, realizes automatic yield measurement, realizes the automation degree of operation of the whole machine, has a good field of view, and is easy to operate.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention comprises a frame, a cutting table device, a conveying device, a threshing device, a pneumatic conveying device, a cleaning device, a production measuring device, a walking device, an operating control device, and a driving device.

[0009] The harvesting platform device includes a frame, a side crop supporter, a middle crop supporter, a clamping and cutting chain group, a crop dividing plate, and a spiral auger. The harvesting platform device is installed in front of the frame and connected to the frame through a chain rake elevator. The side crop supports are respectively provided on both sides of the frame, and two middle crop supports are provided in the middle. The clamping and cutting chain group is installed below the middle crop supporters, the crop dividing plate is installed below the clamping and cutting chain group, and the spiral auger is installed behind the clamping and cutting chain group. The spiral auger sheets on the spiral auger are installed with rubber strips, which fit tightly with the table plate on the frame.

[0010] The conveying device comprises a conveying channel and a conveying belt. The conveying device is installed on the rear side of the header device. The conveying belt is provided with shifting teeth, and the edge of the conveying belt is closely fitted with the conveying channel.

[0011] The threshing device includes a threshing drum, a screen, a grain shaker, a grain receiving device and a re-threshing conveying pipe. The threshing device is installed behind the conveying device. A conical guide auger is installed in front of the threshing drum and a threshing hammer is installed thereon. The threshing drum surrounds the screen on the outside. The grain shaker is arranged below the screen. The grain shaker is ratchet-shaped, and each ratchet is provided with a sieve hole. The grain shaker can vibrate back and forth to work. The grain receiving device is arranged below the grain shaker. The grain receiving device is provided with a stirring plate, a grain collecting auger and a re-threshing conveying auger from front to back in sequence. One end of the grain collecting auger is inserted into the pneumatic conveying device, and one end of the re-threshing conveying auger is inserted into the re-threshing conveying pipe.

[0012] The pneumatic conveying device includes a conveying fan, an air duct, a collection box connected to a grain collecting auger, and a guide pipe arranged corresponding to the cleaning device. The conveying fan is connected to the collection box through the air duct, and the other end of the collection box is connected to the funnel of the cleaning device through the guide pipe. The guide pipe is in a right-angle shape.

[0013] The yield measuring device includes a feed funnel, a top collecting box, a first yield measuring box, a second yield measuring box, and a seed bin, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The feed funnel is installed below the cleaning device. The top collecting box, the first yield measuring box, and the second yield measuring box are respectively provided with a first partition, a second partition, and a third partition at the corresponding lower part. One end of the first partition, the second partition, and the third partition are respectively connected to the cylinder. The first yield measuring box is provided with a measuring instrument for measuring seed moisture and bulk density. The second yield measuring box is provided with a weighing sensor for measuring seed weight. A height sensor for measuring seed height is installed on the upper part of the first yield measuring box. The signal output end of the height sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the control end of the control cylinder is electrically connected to the controller. The seed bin is installed below the second yield measuring box.

[0014] The present invention also includes a production measurement method of the production measurement device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0015] The first step is to initialize the yield measurement system, the first partition is normally open, and the second partition and the third partition are respectively inserted into the bottom of the first yield measurement box and the second yield measurement box under the action of the corresponding control cylinder to close the first yield measurement box and the second yield measurement box;

[0016] In the second step, the first partition is in a normally open state during initialization, and the seeds fall into the first yield measurement box through the feed funnel and the top collection box. The seeds gradually accumulate and fill the first yield measurement box. The controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the first partition. At this time, the control cylinder pushes the first partition to move and close the bottom of the top collection box. At this time, the first yield measurement box is full of seeds. The controller controls the measuring instrument to measure the moisture and bulk density of the seeds, and the measuring instrument transmits the measurement results to the controller.

[0017] Step 3: After the first yield measuring box has finished measuring, the controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the second partition to pull out the second partition, the bottom of the first yield measuring box opens, and the seeds in the first yield measuring box fall into the second yield measuring box. Then the second partition closes and the first partition opens, and the weighing sensor measures the weight of the seeds in the second yield measuring box and transmits the measurement signal to the controller;

[0018] Step 4: After the second yield measurement box has finished measuring, the controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the third partition to open the third partition, and the seeds fall into the seed bin;

[0019] Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 above, and finally summarize and average the measured data to obtain the seed moisture content, bulk density, and total weight.

[0020] Compared with the prior art: corn is harvested by a harvesting table device, the corn is transported to a threshing device by a conveying device, threshed by the threshing device, the threshed corn passes through a pneumatic conveying device and a cleaning device to further remove impurities, and then the grains fall to a yield measuring device for yield measurement, and finally the grains are collected by a seed bin, thereby ensuring the corn seed threshing rate, allowing the seeds to be screened and cleaned multiple times to reduce impurities, realizing automatic yield measurement, ensuring the accuracy of yield measurement, and at the same time achieving no residue of grains in the machine, and achieving multi-plot harvesting without mixed seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the header device;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a threshing drum;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure enlarged at point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0030] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The invention provides a corn plot yield measuring harvester, which has good threshing effect, ensures the corn seed threshing rate, leaves no seed residue, realizes automatic yield measuring function, realizes the automation degree operation of the whole machine, ensures plot breeding and multi-plot harvesting without mixed seeds, and is easy to operate.

[0032] The following front, back, left, and right directions are based on the harvester's travel direction. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a corn plot yield measuring harvester includes a frame, a cutting table device 1, a conveying device 2, a threshing device 3, a pneumatic conveying device 4, a cleaning device 5, a yield measuring device 6, a walking device, an operating control device, and a driving device.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the cutting platform device 1 includes a frame 11, a side crop supporter 12, a middle crop supporter 13, a clamping and cutting chain group 14, a crop dividing plate 15, and a spiral auger 16. The cutting platform device 1 is installed in front of the frame and is connected to the frame through a chain rake elevator to realize the lifting and lowering operations of the cutting platform device 1. Side crop supports 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the frame 11, and two middle crop supports 13 are provided in the middle. A clamping and cutting chain group 14 is installed below the middle crop supporter 13, a crop dividing plate 15 is installed below the clamping and cutting chain group 14, and a spiral auger 16 is installed behind the clamping and cutting chain group 14. The specific implementation operation During operation, the cutting platform device adjusts its height through the chain rake elevator and drops to the working position. The side straw supporters 12 and the middle straw supporters 13 lift up the tilted or broken corn stalks and work together with the straw separating plate 15 to separate the corn. The corn is introduced into the clamping and cutting chain group 14, and the clamping and cutting chain group 14 bites off the corn stalks and sends them to the spiral auger 16. After being stirred and kneaded by the spiral auger 16, they are sent to the conveying device 2. The spiral auger pieces on the spiral auger 16 are installed with rubber strips, which fit tightly with the table plate on the stand 11, so that the fallen seeds and other materials can be scraped clean to ensure that there is no seed residue on the cutting platform.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the conveying device 2 includes a conveying channel 21 and a conveyor belt 22. The conveying device 2 is installed on the rear side of the cutting platform device 1. The conveyor belt 22 is equipped with shifting teeth. The edge of the conveyor belt 22 fits tightly with the conveying channel 21 to ensure that there is no residue during the corn transportation process.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the threshing device 3 includes a threshing drum 31, a screen 32, a draft remover 33, a grain receiving device 34 and a re-threshing conveying pipe 35. The threshing device 3 is installed behind the conveying device 2. A conical guide auger is installed in front of the threshing drum 31, which can smoothly guide the corn into the threshing area of ​​the threshing drum 31, and a threshing hammer is installed on the threshing drum. The outer side of the threshing drum 31 surrounds the screen 32, and the screen 32 can screen out large pieces of straw, corn bones, etc. and transmit them to the end of the ejector. The corn kernels fall through the screen holes to the draft remover 33 arranged below the screen 32. The draft remover 33 is ratchet-shaped, and each ratchet is provided with a screen hole. The draft remover 33 vibrates back and forth to screen out lighter straw and corn bones from the threshing drum 31. The smaller and heavier corn kernels are discharged out of the machine at the end, and fall into the grain receiving device 34 arranged under the scraper 33. The grain receiving device 34 is provided with a stirring plate, a grain collecting auger, and a re-threshing conveying auger from front to back. One end of the grain collecting auger is inserted into the pneumatic conveying device 4, and one end of the re-threshing conveying auger is inserted into the re-threshing conveying pipe 35. During specific operation, the stirring plate will turn over the grains, convey the grains to the grain collecting auger, and then convey the seeds to the pneumatic conveying device 4. Since the grains are heavy, the unthreshed grain bones are lighter and float on the grains. They enter the re-threshing conveying auger and are conveyed to the re-threshing conveying pipe 35, and the seeds are conveyed back to the threshing drum 31 to realize the re-threshing function and ensure the threshing rate.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the pneumatic conveying device 4 includes a conveying fan 41, an air duct 42, a collection box 43 connected to a grain collecting auger, and a guide pipe 44 arranged corresponding to the cleaning device 5. The conveying fan is connected to the collection box 43 through the air duct 42, and the other end of the collection box 43 is connected to the funnel of the cleaning device 5 through the guide pipe 44. The conveying fan generates an airflow, and the airflow blows the seeds in the collection box 43 through the air duct 42 to transport them to the cleaning device 5. The airflow is blown into the cleaning device 5 through the guide pipe 44, and the guide pipe 44 is in a right-angled shape. The feed pipe with a shaped structure guides the seeds to be fed along the direction of the airflow, thereby solving the problem of interference and destruction of the lateral airflow by vertical feeding of seeds. The airflow enters the funnel structure of the cleaning device 5. Due to the Venturi effect, the air pressure at the drop port is reduced, thereby generating an adsorption effect, which is conducive to the smooth feeding of seeds. The airflow rotates along the funnel, and an air outlet is provided above the funnel. The airflow generates a spiral upward wind force in the cleaning device 5. The heavier seeds continue to fall, and the lighter debris is discharged from the air outlet along the airflow, thereby realizing pneumatic conveying and cleaning of seeds.

[0037] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the yield measuring device 6 includes a feed hopper 61, a top collecting box 62, a first yield measuring box 63, a second yield measuring box 64, and a seed bin, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The feed hopper 61 is installed below the cleaning device 5 to receive the fallen seeds. The top collecting box 62, the first yield measuring box 63, and the second yield measuring box 64 correspond to the first partition plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate respectively arranged at the lower part. One end of the first partition plate, the second partition plate, and the third partition plate are respectively connected to the cylinder, which can respectively close or open the lower part of the collecting box 62, the first yield measuring box 63, and the second yield measuring box 64. The first yield measuring box 63 is equipped with a gas cylinder for measuring the yield of the seeds. A measuring instrument for measuring seed moisture and bulk density. When the seeds fill the first yield measuring box, the first partition is closed to measure the moisture content and bulk density of the seeds. A weighing sensor for measuring seed weight is provided in the second yield measuring box 64 to measure the seed weight. The signal output ends of the measuring instrument and the weighing sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively. A height sensor for measuring seed height is installed on the upper part of the first yield measuring box 63. The signal output end of the height sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the control end of the control cylinder is electrically connected to the controller. The seed bin is installed below the second yield measuring box 64. After the yield measurement, the third partition is opened and the seeds fall into the seed bin.

[0038] The present invention also includes a production measurement method of the production measurement device 6, which comprises the following steps:

[0039] The first step is to initialize the production measurement system. The first partition is normally open. The second partition and the third partition are respectively inserted into the bottom of the first production measurement box 63 and the second production measurement box 64 under the action of the corresponding control cylinders to close the first production measurement box 63 and the second production measurement box 64.

[0040] In the second step, the first partition is in a normally open state during initialization, and the seeds fall into the first yield measurement box through the feed funnel 61 and the top collection box 62. The seeds gradually accumulate and fill the first yield measurement box. The controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the first partition. At this time, the control cylinder pushes the first partition to move and close the bottom of the top collection box 62. At this time, the first yield measurement box 63 is full of seeds. The controller controls the measuring instrument to measure the moisture and bulk density of the seeds, and the measuring instrument transmits the measurement results to the controller.

[0041] Step 3: After the first yield measuring box 63 has finished measuring, the controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the second partition to pull out the second partition, and the bottom of the first yield measuring box 63 is opened, and the seeds in the first yield measuring box 63 fall into the second yield measuring box 64. Then the second partition is closed and the first partition is opened, and the weighing sensor measures the weight of the seeds in the second yield measuring box 64 and transmits the measurement signal to the controller.

[0042] Step 4: After the second yield measurement box is finished measuring, the controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the third partition to open the third partition, and the seeds fall into the seed bin;

[0043] Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 above, and finally summarize and average the measured data to obtain the seed moisture content, bulk density, and total weight.

Claims

1. A corn plot yield measuring harvester, characterized in that: It includes a frame, a cutting table device, a conveying device, a threshing device, a pneumatic conveying device, a cleaning device, a yield measuring device, a walking device, an operating control device, and a driving device. The cutting table device includes a frame, a side crop supporter, a middle crop supporter, a clamping and cutting chain group, a crop dividing plate, and a spiral auger. The cutting table device is installed in front of the frame and connected to the frame through a chain rake elevator. The side crop supports are respectively provided on both sides of the frame, and two middle crop supports are provided in the middle. The clamping and cutting chain group is installed below the middle crop supporter, the crop dividing plate is installed below the clamping and cutting chain group, and the spiral auger is installed behind the clamping and cutting chain group. The spiral auger sheet on the spiral auger is installed with a rubber strip, which fits tightly with the table plate on the frame. The threshing device comprises a threshing drum, a screen, a draft remover, a grain receiving device and a re-threshing conveying pipe, wherein the threshing device is installed behind the conveying device, a conical guide auger is installed in front of the threshing drum and a threshing hammer is installed thereon, the threshing drum surrounds the screen on the outside, a draft remover is arranged below the screen, the draft remover is ratchet-shaped, each ratchet is provided with a sieve hole, the draft remover can vibrate back and forth to work, the grain receiving device is arranged below the draft remover, the grain receiving device is provided with a stirring plate, a grain collecting auger and a re-threshing conveying auger in sequence from front to back, one end of the grain collecting auger is inserted into the pneumatic conveying device, and one end of the re-threshing conveying auger is inserted into the re-threshing conveying pipe; The conveying device comprises a conveying channel and a conveying belt. The conveying device is installed on the rear side of the header device. The conveying belt is provided with shifting teeth. The edge of the conveying belt is closely fitted with the conveying channel. The pneumatic conveying device includes a conveying fan, an air duct, a collection box connected to a grain collecting auger, and a guide pipe arranged corresponding to the cleaning device. The conveying fan is connected to the collection box through the air duct, and the other end of the collection box is connected to the funnel of the cleaning device through the guide pipe, and the guide pipe is in a right-angle shape; The yield measuring device includes a feed funnel, a top collecting box, a first yield measuring box, a second yield measuring box, and a seed bin, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The feed funnel is installed below the cleaning device. The top collecting box, the first yield measuring box, and the second yield measuring box are respectively provided with a first partition, a second partition, and a third partition at the corresponding lower part. One end of the first partition, the second partition, and the third partition are respectively connected to the cylinder. The first yield measuring box is provided with a measuring instrument for measuring seed moisture and bulk density. The second yield measuring box is provided with a weighing sensor for measuring seed weight. A height sensor for measuring seed height is installed on the upper part of the first yield measuring box. The signal output end of the height sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the control end of the control cylinder is electrically connected to the controller. The seed bin is installed below the second yield measuring box.

2. A corn plot yield measuring harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The present invention also includes a production measurement method of the production measurement device, the method comprising the following steps: The first step is to initialize the yield measurement system, the first partition is normally open, and the second partition and the third partition are respectively inserted into the bottom of the first yield measurement box and the second yield measurement box under the action of the corresponding control cylinder to close the first yield measurement box and the second yield measurement box; In the second step, the first partition is in a normally open state during initialization, and the seeds fall into the first yield measurement box through the feed funnel and the top collection box. The seeds gradually accumulate and fill the first yield measurement box. The controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the first partition. At this time, the control cylinder pushes the first partition to move and close the bottom of the top collection box. At this time, the first yield measurement box is full of seeds. The controller controls the measuring instrument to measure the moisture and bulk density of the seeds, and the measuring instrument transmits the measurement results to the controller. Step 3: After the first yield measuring box has finished measuring, the controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the second partition to pull out the second partition, the bottom of the first yield measuring box opens, and the seeds in the first yield measuring box fall into the second yield measuring box. Then the second partition closes and the first partition opens, and the weighing sensor measures the weight of the seeds in the second yield measuring box and transmits the measurement signal to the controller; Step 4: After the second yield measurement box has finished measuring, the controller controls the control cylinder corresponding to the third partition to open the third partition, and the seeds fall into the seed bin; Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 above, and finally summarize and average the measured data to obtain the seed moisture content, bulk density, and total weight.

Images