Transplanter special substrate block seedling delivery device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a substrate block seedling delivery device for a transplanter, and belongs to the technical field of planting and transplanting machinery. The device includes a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling retrieval mechanism, wherein the seedling retrieval mechanism includes a sprocket, a single chain formed into a single-strand runway shape, two slideways, and a seedling retrieval claw; the seedling delivery mechanism includes a conveyor belt and a baffle; one end of the conveyor belt extends from one side of the chain and intersects vertically with the chain; the seedling retrieval claw has a vertical plate, a support rod fixed to one side wall of the vertical plate, and two sliding pins fixed to the other side wall of the vertical plate; the seedling retrieval claw is hinged with the chain link of the chain, and the two sliding pins are respectively inserted into the two slideways, and the two slideways are crossed and merged at both ends to form a section of a combined slideway; a plurality of rollers are arranged at one end of the conveyor belt, and when the seedling retrieval claw moves to one end of the conveyor belt, the support rod can pass through the gap of the roller, and when the seedling retrieval claw moves to both ends of the slideway, the two sliding pins exchange the slideways with each other. The device has a simplified structure and is more economical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a special device for delivering and taking out substrate block seedlings on a plant transplanter, belonging to the technical field of planting and transplanting machinery for seedlings. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the existing vegetable and other plant seedling transplanting machines in China work with plug tray seedlings, and mainly rely on manual seedling picking and seedling planting. The planting frequency and operation efficiency are relatively low, and the labor intensity is still high. Although various types of fully automatic transplanting machines have been developed in China, using manipulators to automatically pick and separate seedlings, the labor intensity of farmers has been alleviated and the operation efficiency has been improved, but the reliability still needs to be verified by the market, and the requirements for seedling traits are relatively strict, and the cost of seedling cultivation is relatively high.

[0003] Matrix block seedling cultivation has many advantages such as low cost, simple management, matrix block protection of roots so that seedlings are less affected by the external environment, short seedling growth period, high survival rate, etc. It also has high standing stability, which is conducive to automatic seedling removal, seedling separation and transplanting by transplanting machines. Based on this, the inventor applied for and disclosed Chinese patents such as application numbers 201810988774.8 and 201810988795.X, which well solved the problem of accurate and reliable seedling separation and seedling removal of matrix block seedling cultivation by plant transplanting machines. However, these schemes still have problems that need to be improved, such as: the chain transmission device adopted in the technical scheme of Chinese patent 201810988774.8 is a double-row chain, and is provided with a bow rod mechanism, a fork mechanism, a mechanical reversing valve and a cylinder, etc., so the structure is still complex, the cost is high and the reliability is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to further simplify the structure of the seedling delivery and seedling retrieval device on the existing plant seedling transplanter, further improve its reliability and reduce the cost.

[0005] The technical solution proposed by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a substrate block seedling delivery and taking device for a transplanter comprises a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling taking mechanism installed on the transplanter, the seedling taking mechanism comprises a sprocket and a chain wound around the sprocket to form a first runway shape; the seedling delivery mechanism comprises a conveyor belt, side baffles located on both sides of the upper part of the conveyor belt and an end baffle located at one end of the conveyor belt, one end of the conveyor belt extends into one side of the chain and forms a vertical staggered at one long side of the first runway shape on one side of the chain; the first runway shape is formed by a single strand of the chain to form a single strand runway shape, the seedling taking mechanism also comprises two slideways located on the other side of the chain and at least two seedling taking claws arranged on one side of the chain, the seedling taking claws comprise a vertical plate and a plurality of spaced parallel and side support rods vertically fixed to one side wall of the vertical plate and two spaced parallel sliding pins vertically fixed to the other side wall of the vertical plate; the taking claws The two guide wheels are connected to the two ends of the second track by a plurality of parallel rollers, and the two guide wheels are connected along the two ends of the second track to form a second track.

[0006] Furthermore, one end of the two sliding pins is connected to a fixed support rod, a latch is fixed on the support rod, and the latch is inserted into a hollow sleeve of the chain link to form the hinge.

[0007] Furthermore, the sliding pin is fixedly installed on the vertical plate and then inserted into the hollow sleeve of the chain link to form the hinge.

[0008] Furthermore, the two sliding pins are integrated into one body, wherein one sliding pin extends out parallel to the other sliding pin to form a cantilever shape.

[0009] Furthermore, the sprocket is driven by a first motor, and the conveyor belt is driven by a second motor.

[0010] Further, the slideway is formed by a partition plate arranged on a support of the transplanter.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0012] 1) Due to the specially designed single-row chain + slideway mechanism, the structure is greatly simplified compared to the existing double-row chain + bow rod mechanism + fork mechanism;

[0013] 2) Due to the specially designed double sliding pins + double slideways + the change of track formed by the joint at both ends of the runway, the substrate seedlings can always move in a vertical state until they are planted in the soil;

[0014] 3) Due to the interlaced state formed by the supporting rod of the seedling claw and the roller at one end of the conveyor belt, the existing seedling picking action is greatly simplified, making seedling picking and seedling separation more reasonable, fast and reliable;

[0015] 4) Since the designed seedling taking and sending mechanism takes up little space, it is possible to simultaneously install two sets of the device of the present invention in parallel at a close distance in multiple groups, and to realize planting with multiple row spacing requirements such as one ridge with two rows, wide and narrow rows, and ultra-narrow rows;

[0016] 5) Since the device of the present invention does not need other supporting mechanisms to assist in planting seedlings, when the seedling claw rotates with the chain to the end near the ground, it will scratch the surface soil, and the matrix seedling block will be pushed into the planting ditch under the reaction force of the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The substrate block seedling delivery device for transplanter of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a substrate block seedling delivery and fetching device dedicated to a transplanter in an embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 main view.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Rear view of.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA section view.

[0022] Figure 5 is from Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seedling picking claw decomposed from the figure.

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the seedling delivery mechanism decomposed from FIG.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram when the seedling picking claw passes through one end of the conveyor belt of the seedling sending mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the substrate block seedling delivery and fetching device for a transplanter of this embodiment comprises a seedling delivery mechanism 7 and a seedling fetching mechanism 6, wherein the seedling delivery mechanism 7 is mounted on a frame of the transplanter (not shown in the figure), and the seedling fetching mechanism is mounted on a bracket 1 of the transplanter. The seedling fetching mechanism comprises a sprocket wheel 3 driven by a first motor 2 and a chain 4 wound around the sprocket wheels 3 and 5 to form a first runway shape, wherein the driving sprocket wheel 3 is mounted on an output shaft of the first motor 2, and the driven sprocket wheel 5 is mounted on the bracket 1.

[0026] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the seedling delivery mechanism 7 includes a conveyor belt 7-3 driven by a second motor 7-2, two side baffles 7-1 and 7-6 located on both sides of the upper part of the conveyor belt 7-3, and an end baffle 7-5 located at one end of the conveyor belt 7-3. The side baffle 7-1 is engaged with the end baffle 7-5, and a gap is left between the side baffle 7-6 and the end baffle 7-5.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the conveyor belt 7-3 extends from one side of the chain 4 and forms a vertical staggered with one side of the chain 4 at a long side where the first racetrack is formed. The first racetrack is that a single chain 4 is wound around the sprocket wheels 3 and 5 to form a single strand racetrack.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the seedling picking mechanism also includes two slideways 12-1, 12-2 located on the other side of the chain 4 and a plurality of (at least two) seedling picking claws 6 arranged on one side of the chain 4, and the seedling picking claws 6 are evenly installed on the transmission chain 4 at a certain interval. Figure 6 As shown, the seedling claw 6 includes a vertical plate 6-6 and a plurality of spaced parallel supporting rods 6-7 vertically fixed on one side wall of the vertical plate 6-6 and two spaced parallel sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 vertically fixed on the other side wall of the vertical plate 6-6; in this embodiment, one end of the two sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 is connected and fixed to a supporting rod 6-4, and a latch 6-5 is fixed on the supporting rod 6-4, through Figure 4 It can be seen that the latch 6-5 is inserted into the hollow sleeve of a certain link of the chain 4 to form a hinge, and the latch 6-5 passes through the link and is fixedly connected to the vertical plate 6-6, so that the vertical plate 6-6 and the entire seedling claw 6 are rotatably hinged with the link of the chain 4.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the vertical plate 6-6 is located on one side of the chain 4, and the support rod 6-7 extends outward from one side of the vertical plate 6-6 (also from one side of the chain 4); two slide pins 6-1 and 6-3 extend from the other side of the chain 4 and are respectively inserted into the two slideways 12-1 and 12-2 and constrained by the slideways; Figure 5As shown, in order to ensure that the two sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 are constrained in the two slideways 12-1 and 12-2 and always slide reliably, a connecting rod 6-2 is also fixed to the other ends of the two sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 in this embodiment.

[0030] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of rollers 7-4 arranged in parallel and spaced apart are arranged at one end of the conveyor belt 7-3 to form a roller segment, the roller 7-4 is cantilevered and fixed on the side baffle 7-1, and the size of the gap between the other side baffle 7-6 and the end baffle 7-5 is larger than the parallel width of the plurality of supporting rods 6-7 (so that the plurality of supporting rods 6-7 arranged in parallel can pass through the gap). The gaps between the supporting rods 6-7 and the adjacent supporting rods 6-7 and the gaps between the rollers 7-4 and the adjacent rollers 7-4 are staggered with each other; that is, when the chain 4 moves to one end of the conveyor belt 7-3 with the seedling claw 6, the supporting rods 6-7 can pass through the gaps between the rollers 7-4 (or the rollers 7-4 can pass through the gaps between the supporting rods 6-7).

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the two slideways 12-1 and 12-2 also form a second runway shape that is basically corresponding to the chain 4 (the first runway shape and the second runway shape are overlapped with each other), and the two slideways 12-1 and 12-2 cross and merge at the two ends of the second runway shape to form a section of a joint slideway 11; the inner diameter of the joint slideway 11 is slightly larger than the two slideways 12-1 and 12-2. When the chain 4 moves to the two ends of the second runway shape with the seedling claw 6, the two slide pins 6-1 and 6-3 pass through the joint slideway 11 in parallel and then exchange the slideways, that is, the slide pin 6-1 changes from the slideway 12-1 to the slideway 12-2, and the slide pin 6-3 changes from the slideway 12-2 to the slideway 12-1.

[0032] One end of the tensioning bolt 9 is fixed to the first motor 2 and the other end passes through the bracket 1 and rests against the inner side of the chain 4. The chain is tensioned by rotating the tensioning bolt 9. The slideway partition 10 is fixedly connected to the bracket 1 to form slideways 12-1 and 12-2.

[0033] When this embodiment is used, the cube matrix seedlings 8 are placed in rows on the conveyor belt 7-3 of the seedling delivery mechanism 7. The second motor 7-2 drives the conveyor belt 7-3 to drive the cube matrix seedlings 8 to be transported forward in rows. The front seedlings are pushed to the roller 7-4 by the rear seedlings to be ready for picking. The end baffle 7-5 is used to block the cube matrix seedlings 8 on the roller 7-4 to prevent them from being pushed off. The side baffle 7-1 is used to prevent the cube matrix seedlings 8 from sliding off from the side during the conveying process. The first motor 2 is turned on to drive the chain 4 to rotate, and the seedling claw 6 moves with the chain 4. Figure 3As shown, when in the initial state a, the sliding pin 6-3 is located in the slideway 12-2, and the sliding pin 6-1 is located in the slideway 12-1. Since the seedling claw 6 is hinged to the chain 4 as a whole, the seedling claw 6 is always in a vertical state and does not swing under the self-weight of the seedling claw 6 and the constraints of its sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 on the slideways 12-1 and 12-2; the sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 move along the slideway ω When the sliding pin 6-1 and 6-3 gradually enter the combined slideway 11 of the slideways 12-1 and 12-2 in clockwise rotation from state a to state b of the second runway-shaped end, the sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 gradually enter the combined slideway 11 of the slideways 12-1 and 12-2 in turn. When the sliding pin 6-1 enters the combined slideway 11 first, it is not constrained by the combined slideway 11 because its diameter is smaller than that of the combined slideway 11. However, the sliding pin 6-3 has not left the slideway 12-2 and is still constrained. Therefore, the seedling claw 6 remains in a vertical state. When the sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 continue to rotate around ω When the direction of rotation gradually moves from state b to state c, the sliding pins 6-3 and 6-1 gradually separate from the above-mentioned joint slideway 11 and change lanes. At this time, the sliding pin 6-3 enters the slideway 12-1, and the sliding pin 6-1 enters the slideway 12-2. Since the diameter of the sliding pin 6-3 is smaller than that of the joint slideway 11, it is not constrained by the joint slideway 11, but the sliding pin 6-1 has entered the joint slideway 11 and is constrained, so the seedling claw 6 still remains in a vertical state. During the entire movement process of the seedling claw 6 driven by the chain 4, the sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 are always in a horizontal state (i.e., they remain horizontal to the ground), so the seedling claw 6 can always remain in a vertical state.

[0034] It should be noted that the above embodiments have the following changes:

[0035] (1) In addition to the method in the above-mentioned embodiment (connecting one end of the two sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 to a fixed support rod 6-4, fixing a latch 6-5 on the support rod 6-4, and inserting the latch 6-5 into a hollow sleeve of a link of the chain 4 to form a hinge), it is also possible to fix a sliding pin (6-1 or 6-3) through the vertical plate 6-6 and then insert it into the hollow sleeve of the link of the chain 4 to form a hinge without the support rod 6-4; or insert one end of a sliding pin fixed through the vertical plate 6-6 into the hollow sleeve of the link of the chain 4 to form a hinge without the support rod 6-4 and the latch 6-5; or integrate the two sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3, such as extending one sliding pin parallel to the other sliding pin to form a cantilever shape, etc.

[0036] (2) There are many ways to constrain the sliding pins 6-1 and 6-3 by the slideways 12-1 and 12-2. In addition to using the second connecting rod 6-2 in the above embodiment, the sliding pin can also be made into a bolt shape with a large end without the connecting rod 6-2, or the sliding pin can be made into a wasp waist shape with large ends; etc.

[0037] (3) The roller 7-4 can also be cantilevered and fixed on the side baffle 7-1, and the notch support rod between the other side baffle 7-6 and the end baffle 7-5 can pass through the gap between the rollers.

[0038] (4) The first motor 2 and the second motor 7 - 2 are not the only power sources for the device; etc.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. All equivalent replacements or equivalent changes of the concepts and technical solutions according to the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substrate block seedling delivery and retrieval device for a transplanter, comprising a seedling delivery mechanism and a seedling retrieval mechanism installed on the transplanter, the seedling retrieval mechanism comprising a sprocket and a chain wound around the sprocket to form a first runway shape; the seedling delivery mechanism comprises a conveyor belt, side baffles located on both sides of the upper part of the conveyor belt, and an end baffle located at one end of the conveyor belt, one end of the conveyor belt extends from one side of the chain and forms a vertical staggered with the one side of the chain at one long side of the first runway shape; characterized in that The first runway shape is formed by a single chain to form a single runway shape, and the seedling picking mechanism also includes two slideways located on the other side of the chain and at least two seedling picking claws arranged on one side of the chain, and the seedling picking claws include a vertical plate and a plurality of spaced, parallel and side-by-side support rods vertically fixed to one side wall of the vertical plate and two spaced, parallel sliding pins vertically fixed to the other side wall of the vertical plate; the seedling picking claws are hinged with the chain links of the chain, the vertical plate is located on one side of the chain, and the two sliding pins are respectively inserted into the two slideways from the other side of the chain and are constrained by the two slideways, and a plurality of spaced, parallel and side-by-side rollers are arranged at one end of the conveyor belt, The two slides form a second runway shape opposite to the first runway shape, and the two slides cross and merge into a combined slide at the two ends of the second runway shape; the roller is fixed to one of the side baffles, and a gap is left between the other side baffle of the side baffle and the end baffle, and the size of the gap is larger than the side-by-side width of the support rod; when the chain moves the seedling picking claw to one end of the conveyor belt, the support rod can pass through the gap between the rollers, and when the chain moves the seedling picking claw to the two ends of the slide located at the second runway shape, the two sliding pins pass through the combined slide in parallel and then exchange slides with each other.

2. The substrate block seedling delivery device for transplanting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the two sliding pins is connected to a fixed support rod, a latch is fixed on the support rod, and the latch is inserted into a hollow sleeve of the chain link to form the hinge.

3. The substrate block seedling delivery device for transplanting machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sliding pin is fixedly installed on the vertical plate and then inserted into the hollow sleeve of the chain link to form the hinge.

4. The substrate block seedling delivery device for transplanting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two sliding pins are integrated into one, and one sliding pin extends parallel to the other sliding pin to form a cantilever shape.

5. The substrate block seedling delivery device for transplanting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sprocket is driven by a first motor, and the conveyor belt is driven by a second motor.

6. The substrate block seedling delivery device for transplanting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The slideway is formed by a partition plate arranged on a support of the transplanter.

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