A spatial special-shaped concrete structure and its construction technology

Abstract

A spatial special-shaped concrete structure and a construction process thereof, comprising an underground layer, an above-ground layer, an external facade structure and a grass slope facade structure, wherein the above-ground layer is fixedly connected to the underground layer, the external facade structure is fixedly connected to the side wall of the above-ground layer, the grass slope facade structure is fixedly connected to the side wall of the underground layer, and the grass slope facade structure is connected to the external facade structure. The process thereof comprises the following steps: dividing the construction site area according to the design drawings; making sample specimens; measuring and staking out the spatial special-shaped concrete structure layer by layer at the construction site according to the drawings; constructing the concrete steel cage layer by layer according to the drawings and the staking out results; designing a clear water formwork according to the steel cage corresponding to each layer, and constructing the clear water formwork; pouring clear water concrete; removing the formwork, and maintaining the completed concrete structure. The entire concrete structure adopts the form of cast-in-place concrete, which makes the overall building more beautiful and more artistic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of cast-in-place concrete buildings, and in particular to a spatial special-shaped concrete structure and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] In modern urban construction, buildings with unique shapes are increasingly being used, bringing vitality to urban landscapes. In modern architecture, the natural state of concrete is used as the finish, emphasizing the natural performance mechanism of concrete. A higher concrete grade is required, and ensuring that the surface of the plain concrete is smooth and flat with a consistent color is the key. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above shortcomings, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spatial special-shaped concrete structure and a construction process thereof, which are used to form a spatial three-dimensional facade structure to make the building more beautiful.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A spatial special-shaped concrete structure comprises an underground layer, an above-ground layer, an external facade structure and a grass slope facade structure, wherein the above-ground layer is fixedly connected to the underground layer, the external facade structure is fixedly connected to the side wall of the above-ground layer, the grass slope facade structure is fixedly connected to the side wall of the underground layer, and the grass slope facade structure is connected to the external facade structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the ground layer includes a base floor, a second floor floor and a roof floor from bottom to top, the areas of the base floor, the second floor floor and the roof floor decrease from bottom to top, and they are fixedly connected by supporting columns.

[0007] Furthermore, the facade structure includes roof beams, corner columns, diagonal braces and horizontal beams. The diagonal braces are fixedly connected between the roof beams and the horizontal beams. The roof beams are fixedly connected to the edges of the roof slabs. The horizontal beams are fixedly connected to the edges of the base slabs and the second floor slabs.

[0008] Furthermore, the underground layer includes a negative first floor slab, a negative second floor slab and a basement exterior wall. The basement exterior wall is vertically connected to the base floor slab, the negative first floor slab and the negative second floor slab respectively. The grass slope facade structure includes a base connecting beam, a grass slope horizontal beam and a grass slope diagonal brace. The base connecting beam is fixedly connected to the edge of the base floor slab, and a grass slope diagonal brace is connected between the grass slope horizontal beam and the base connecting beam.

[0009] The construction process of the above-mentioned spatial special-shaped concrete structure comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Divide the construction site area according to the design drawings;

[0011] (2) Make sample specimens;

[0012] (3) Measure and set out the spatial special-shaped concrete structure layer by layer at the construction site according to the drawings;

[0013] (4) Construct the concrete reinforcement cage layer by layer according to the drawings and layout results;

[0014] (5) Design the clear water formwork according to the corresponding steel cage of each layer and carry out the clear water formwork construction;

[0015] (6) Plain concrete pouring construction;

[0016] (7) Remove the formwork and maintain the completed concrete structure.

[0017] Furthermore, step (2) further includes the following steps:

[0018] (2.1) Determine the mix ratio of plain concrete;

[0019] (2.2) Prepare small samples of plain concrete and conduct tests on the samples;

[0020] (2.3) Make physical samples according to the design drawings.

[0021] Furthermore, step (4) further includes the following steps:

[0022] (4.1) Preparation before construction;

[0023] (4.2) Cutting and forming of steel bars;

[0024] (4.3) On-site binding and installation;

[0025] (4.4) Acceptance of steel cage and data cleaning.

[0026] Furthermore, step (5) further includes the following steps:

[0027] (5.1) Design the unit formwork size for lap joints according to the length of the concrete structure on the drawing;

[0028] (5.2) Unit formwork cutting and processing;

[0029] (5.3) Install the finished unit templates together and fill the seams with glass glue.

[0030] Furthermore, the unit formwork is constructed to form a formwork system, and a reinforcement frame is constructed on the outside of the formwork system.

[0031] Furthermore, step (6) further includes the following steps:

[0032] (6.1) Preparation before construction;

[0033] (6.2) Start pouring the bricks;

[0034] (6.3) Maintenance of the stone;

[0035] (6.4) Organize the data and observe the quality after demoulding.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) filling soil in the grass slope facade structure and planting grass slopes in the filling area can improve the greening level of the building, making the building more aesthetically pleasing, and further improving the appearance of the ground layer through the staggered facade structures. The entire concrete structure adopts the form of cast-in-place concrete, making the overall building more beautiful and more artistic.

[0037] (2) The spatial special-shaped concrete structure constructed by this construction process has good strength, and the construction process is more scientific and reasonable, which improves the surface quality of the concrete structure and makes the concrete structure have better aesthetics and artistic atmosphere. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure.

[0039] Figure 2 It is the construction flow chart of steel cage.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the template construction of the facade frame.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the formwork system reinforcement.

[0042] Figure 5 It is a construction flow chart for cement pouring.

[0043] Figure numerals: underground layer 1, ground layer 2, facade structure 3, grass slope facade structure 4, base floor slab 5, second floor slab 6, roof floor slab 7, roof beam 8, corner column 9, diagonal brace 10, horizontal beam 11, negative first floor slab 12, negative second floor slab 13, basement exterior wall 14, base connecting beam 15, grass slope horizontal beam 16, grass slope diagonal brace 17, grass slope corner column 18, steel pipe 19, horizontal keel 20, support column 21, waterproof layer board 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] A spatial special-shaped concrete structure comprises an underground layer 1, an above-ground layer 2, an external facade structure 3 and a grass slope facade structure 4, wherein the above-ground layer 2 is fixedly connected to the underground layer 1, the external facade structure 3 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the above-ground layer 2, the grass slope facade structure 4 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the underground layer 1, the grass slope facade structure 4 is connected to the external facade structure 3, soil is filled in the grass slope facade structure, and grass slopes are planted in the filling area, which can improve the greening degree of the building and make the building more aesthetically pleasing, and the appearance of the above-ground layer 2 is further improved by staggered external facade structures 3, and the concrete structure as a whole adopts the form of cast-in-place concrete, which makes the building as a whole more beautiful and more artistic.

[0046] The above-ground layer 2 includes, from bottom to top, a base floor 5, a second floor slab 6 and a roof floor slab 7. The areas of the base floor slab 5, the second floor slab 6 and the roof floor slab 7 decrease from bottom to top and are fixedly connected by support columns 21. That is, the above-ground layer 2 is arranged in a cone shape to facilitate the fixed casting of the facade structure 3.

[0047] The facade structure 3 includes roof beams 8, corner columns 9, diagonal braces 10 and horizontal beams 11. The diagonal braces 10 are fixedly connected between the roof beams 8 and the horizontal beams 11. The roof beams 8 are fixedly connected to the edges of the roof slabs 7. The horizontal beams 11 are fixedly connected to the edges of the base slabs 5 and the second floor slabs 6. The junctions of adjacent facade structures 3 are transitionally connected through corner columns 9. Through the arrangement of the horizontal beams 11, the connection strength of the diagonal braces 10 can be improved to prevent the diagonal braces 10 from being too long and causing insufficient strength, thereby improving the overall strength of the concrete structure without affecting the appearance.

[0048] The underground layer 1 includes a negative first floor slab 12, a negative second floor slab 13 and a basement outer wall 14. The basement outer wall 14 is vertically connected to the base floor slab 5, the negative first floor slab 12 and the negative second floor slab 13 respectively. The grass slope facade structure 2 includes a base connecting beam 15, a grass slope horizontal beam 16 and a grass slope diagonal brace 17. The base connecting beam 15 is fixedly connected to the edge of the base floor slab 5. The grass slope diagonal brace 17 is connected between the grass slope horizontal beam 16 and the base connecting beam 15. The arrangement of the grass slope diagonal brace 17 facilitates the overall strength of the grass slope facade structure 2 to be strengthened, thereby preventing the grass slope facade structure 2 from being damaged during filling.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the grass slope facade structure 2 is inclined relative to the basement outer wall 14, and the grass slope horizontal beam 16 and the negative first floor slab 12 are in the same horizontal plane. Preferably, the angle between the grass slope facade structure 2 and the basement outer wall 14 is 30°-45°.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, a grass slope corner column 18 is fixed between the grass slope horizontal beam 16 and the base connecting beam 15. The grass slope corner column 18 is used to connect two adjacent grass slope facade structures 2 to form a grass slope frame. Preferably, the two ends of the grass slope diagonal brace 17 are respectively connected to two opposite corners of the grass slope frame.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, a waterproof layer board 22 is cast on the lower end surface of the negative second floor slab 13, and correspondingly, a waterproof layer board 22 is also cast on the outer side of the basement outer wall, and the waterproof layer board 22 is used to waterproof the bottom surface of the basement.

[0052] The construction process of the above-mentioned spatial special-shaped concrete structure comprises the following steps:

[0053] (1) The construction site area is divided according to the design drawings. In this embodiment, the engineering area is divided into five areas. Considering the structural characteristics, construction period, labor force, material turnover and other factors, it can ensure that the working surface is not idle, the construction progress is guaranteed, and there is no idle work, which can maximize the turnover of materials.

[0054] (2) Make sample specimens. Based on the sample specimens, optimize the cement mix ratio and pouring construction process at the construction site to ensure the construction quality of the exposed concrete, which is conducive to further improving the reinforcement plan of the construction joints and exposed formwork in the actual construction process;

[0055] (3) According to the drawings, the spatial special-shaped concrete structure is measured and laid out layer by layer at the construction site. During the laying out, the grass slope diagonal braces and the facade diagonal braces have many spatial changes and are mostly bidirectionally inclined. Their inclination angles and positioning are difficult to calculate accurately at the installation site. The three-dimensional solid model is opened by a computer to calculate and obtain the precise data required for measurement, which greatly improves the measurement accuracy and measurement control speed;

[0056] (4) Construct the concrete reinforcement cage layer by layer according to the drawings and layout results;

[0057] (5) Design the clear water formwork according to the corresponding steel cage of each layer, and carry out the clear water formwork construction. Before the construction of the project, prepare the clear water concrete formwork processing and installation drawings according to the site conditions. The drawings should clearly specify the open joints, serrated joints, tension bolt holes, and the size of the formwork of the clear water concrete wall. Before construction, deepen the design to solve the layout of tension bolt holes, serrated joints, and construction joints, as well as the location, size, and depth of the wall slots;

[0058] (6) Casting of plain concrete according to the cement mix ratio in step (2) and the optimized construction process;

[0059] (7) Remove the formwork and maintain the completed concrete structure.

[0060] Step (2) further includes the following steps,

[0061] (2.1) Determine the mix ratio of plain concrete based on previous experience in mix ratio of plain concrete;

[0062] (2.2) Prepare small samples of the concrete according to the determined concrete mix ratio, and test the small samples to facilitate the inspection of the concrete mix ratio and to facilitate further adjustment of the concrete mix ratio;

[0063] (2.3) Make physical samples according to the design drawings. Figure 1 : 1 to carry out production, compare and observe the completed physical sample with the project target, and further adjust the proportion of fair faced concrete.

[0064] Step (4) further includes the following steps,

[0065] (4.1) Preparation before construction, preparation of construction drawings, and technical briefing before construction;

[0066] (4.2) Steel bar cutting and shaping. The steel bar processing size requirements for plain concrete structures are much higher than those for conventional structures. Otherwise, quality defects such as exposed steel bars are likely to occur. Before steel bar processing, it should be processed according to the material list made by professional pattern makers based on the construction drawings. It is not allowed to cut steel bars arbitrarily or without authorization. When cutting steel bars, the size required by the material list should be checked, and the steel bars should be tested for bending and shaping. Check whether the size on the material list is consistent with the actual size of the shaping. Only after it is confirmed, can it be cut and shaped in large quantities;

[0067] (4.3) During on-site binding and installation, to avoid exposure of the steel bar binding wire, the opposite-side binding method should be adopted, that is, the steel bars on one side are bounded by the other side. Although this method reduces the efficiency of steel bar binding, it can produce the effect of uniformly aligning the steel bar binding wires towards the steel bar skeleton, thereby further reducing the risk of fair-faced concrete construction.

[0068] (4.4) Acceptance of steel cage and data cleaning.

[0069] Furthermore, step (5) further includes the following steps:

[0070] (5.1) Design the size of the unit formwork for lap joints according to the length of the concrete structure on the drawing, i.e. use multiple shorter unit formworks to lap joints to form the required length of the concrete structure;

[0071] (5.2) Unit formwork cutting and processing: Prepare drawings for processing and installation of bare concrete formwork according to the site conditions. The drawings should clearly specify the exposed joints, serrated joints, tension bolt holes, and size of the formwork of the bare concrete wall. Before construction, the design should be deepened to solve the arrangement of tension bolt holes, serrated joints, and construction joints, as well as the location, size, and depth of the wall slots.

[0072] (5.3) The processed unit formwork is installed by splicing and filling the joints with glass glue to prevent the surface of the concrete structure from bulging at the joints of the unit formwork after pouring, thereby reducing the surface defects of the concrete structure.

[0073] After the unit formwork is constructed to form a formwork system, a reinforcement frame is constructed on the outside of the formwork system. The reinforcement frame includes a steel pipe 19 and a horizontal keel 20. The horizontal keel 20 is fixedly attached to the outside of the unit formwork, and the steel pipe 19 is constructed on the outside of the horizontal keel 20. The formwork system is reinforced by the steel pipe 19 and the horizontal keel 20 to prevent the concrete structure from being deformed by gravity.

[0074] Furthermore, step (6) further includes the following steps:

[0075] (6.1) Preparation before construction: prepare construction drawings, conduct technical briefing before construction, and apply to the quality department;

[0076] (6.2) Start pouring the slurry, pouring the materials, and vibrating the poured cement slurry with a tamping rod;

[0077] (6.3) Maintenance: water the concrete structure regularly and keep records;

[0078] (6.4) Organize the data and observe the quality after demoulding.

[0079] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention; therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0080] Although this article uses more terms corresponding to the figure marks in the figures, it does not exclude the possibility of using other terms; these terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitations is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatial special-shaped concrete structure, characterized in that: It comprises an underground layer (1), an above-ground layer (2), an external facade structure (3) and a grass slope facade structure (4), wherein the above-ground layer (2) is fixedly connected to the underground layer (1), the external facade structure (3) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the above-ground layer (2), the grass slope facade structure (4) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the underground layer (1), and the grass slope facade structure (4) is connected to the external facade structure (3); The ground layer (2) includes, from bottom to top, a base floor slab (5), a second floor slab (6) and a roof slab (7), the areas of the base floor slab (5), the second floor slab (6) and the roof slab (7) decreasing from bottom to top, and they are fixedly connected by support columns (21); The facade structure (3) comprises a roof beam (8), a corner column (9), a diagonal brace (10) and a horizontal beam (11), wherein the diagonal brace (10) is fixedly connected between the roof beam (8) and the horizontal beam (11), the roof beam (8) is fixedly connected to the edge of the roof slab (7), and the horizontal beam (11) is fixedly connected to the edges of the base slab (5) and the second floor slab (6); The underground layer (1) includes a negative first floor slab (12), a negative second floor slab (13) and a basement outer wall (14); the basement outer wall (14) is vertically connected to the base floor slab (5), the negative first floor slab (12) and the negative second floor slab (13) respectively; the grass slope facade structure (4) includes a base connection beam (15), a grass slope horizontal beam (16) and a grass slope diagonal brace (17); the base connection beam (15) is fixedly connected to the edge of the base floor slab (5); and a grass slope diagonal brace (17) is connected between the grass slope horizontal beam (16) and the base connection beam (15); A grass slope corner column (18) is fixed between the grass slope horizontal beam (16) and the base surface connection beam (15). The grass slope corner column (18) is used to connect two adjacent grass slope facade structures (4) to form a grass slope frame. The two ends of the grass slope diagonal brace (17) are respectively connected to two opposite corners of the grass slope frame.

2. The construction process of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are included: (1) Divide the construction site area according to the design drawings; (2) Make sample specimens; (3) Measure and lay out the spatial special-shaped concrete structure layer by layer at the construction site according to the drawings; (4) Construct the concrete reinforcement cage layer by layer according to the drawings and layout results; (5) Design the clear water formwork according to the corresponding steel cage of each layer and carry out the clear water formwork construction; (6) Plain concrete pouring construction; (7) Remove the formwork and maintain the completed concrete structure.

3. The construction process of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step (2) also includes the following steps, (2.1) Determine the mix ratio of plain concrete; (2.2) Prepare small samples of plain concrete and conduct tests on them; (2.3) Make physical samples according to the design drawings.

4. The construction process of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step (4) also includes the following steps, (4.1) Preparation before construction; (4.2) Cutting and forming of steel bars; (4.3) On-site binding and installation; (4.4) Acceptance of steel cage and data cleaning.

5. The construction process of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step (5) also includes the following steps, (5.1) Design the dimensions of the unit formwork for lap joints according to the length of the concrete structure on the drawings; (5.2) Unit formwork cutting and processing; (5.3) Install the processed unit templates together and fill the joints with glass glue.

6. The construction process of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the unit formwork is constructed, a formwork system is formed, and a reinforcement frame is built on the outside of the formwork system.

7. The construction process of a spatial special-shaped concrete structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step (6) also includes the following steps, (6.1) Preparation before construction; (6.2) Start pouring the bricks; (6.3) Maintenance of the stone; (6.4) Organize the data and observe the quality after demoulding.

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