Release mechanism and method of deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of obtaining seabed sediment samples, specifically a release mechanism and method of a deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system. During the sampling process, the release mechanism detects the height from the bottom and the bottom quality through an altimeter and a downward-looking camera, and uses a sampler to control a communication unit to drive a release cylinder to complete the release action. After the release, the sampling work is completed by a tamping action. In the process, the dual power combination of kinetic energy and deep-sea hydraulic hammer tamping is fully utilized, that is, the sampling process includes two processes: early gravity penetration and later tamping sampling. The configuration of the hydraulic hammer tamping mechanism enables the sampler to complete the ultra-long, continuous, and low-disturbance deep-sea sediment columnar sampling work without significantly increasing its own weight. The present invention solves the drawbacks of previous blind sampling and effectively improves the technical level of deep-sea visible and controllable columnar sampling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of obtaining seabed sediment samples, and specifically relates to a release mechanism and method for a deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system. Background Art

[0002] The main equipment for obtaining seafloor sediment samples includes column samplers, grab samplers, and multi-tube samplers. Compared with the latter two surface sediment samplers, column samplers can obtain long column samples of sediment with a longer time span and richer information records.

[0003] Existing columnar samplers can be divided into two categories according to the energy supply method: non-controllable and controllable. The former means that the sampler only relies on its own kinetic energy to penetrate into the seabed sediment, and the working process is not controlled by the device on the carrying platform; the latter means that the sampler is equipped with an auxiliary power source, and sampling can be completed through corresponding operations on the carrying platform. my country's scientific research ships are currently mainly equipped with two types of non-controllable samplers, namely valve gravity samplers and piston gravity samplers, and the sampling depth is generally short. Due to the large size and complex assembly of these two samplers, the entire sampling process requires a lot of human resources, which makes the overall operation difficult and inefficient. Moreover, these devices lack auxiliary power sources, visual and positioning components, so they cannot monitor the sampler in real time and operate accurately during the sampling process, and can only perform blind sampling. Controllable samplers mainly involve a variety of visible and controllable sediment samplers, which mainly use reciprocating tamping devices for sampling, such as the "A deep-sea pneumatic reciprocating tamping device" with a publication date of May 22, 2013 and a publication number of CN 103115792A, but this device cannot be released; for example, the "A deep-water visual and controllable ultra-long gravity piston sampling system" with a publication date of May 22, 2013 and a publication number of CN 103115798A, the device can be released, but the storage method of the release cable needs to occupy the space of the tamping hammer body, which has certain difficulty requirements on the sealing of the tamping hammer body.

[0004] In summary, the controllable columnar sampling systems developed at home and abroad have no release device under the condition that the hammer structure is relatively simple and non-hollow. In terms of the release of the outer layer of the sampler body, there is no or very little precedent for research and application in China. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing non-controllable and controllable columnar sampling systems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a release mechanism and method for a deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The release mechanism of the present invention comprises a ship communication cable, a load-bearing head, a rotating ring, a four-corner disk rotating ring, a rotating shaft, a communication terminal, an upward-looking camera, a release cable, a sampler control hammer unit, an altimeter, a downward-looking camera, a drain pipe, a piston, a cutter head, a release cylinder, a sampler sealing cover, a sampler control communication unit, a sampler body, a sample tube and a sampler body mounting seat, wherein the sampler body, the drain pipe, the sample tube and the cutter head are connected in sequence, the sampler sealing cover is threadedly connected to the upper end of the sampler body, the sampler control communication unit and the sampler control hammer unit are respectively installed inside the sampler body, and the outer surface of the sampler body is respectively installed with a altimeter and a downward-looking camera; the sampler body mounting seat, the upward-looking camera and a plurality of communication terminals are respectively installed on the top of the sampler sealing cover, and each communication terminal is respectively connected to the sampler body. Control communication unit connected; one end of the ship communication cable is wound on the winch of the scientific research vessel, and the other end of the cable is connected to one end of the bearing head. The communication soft cable extending from the bearing head is connected to the sampler control communication unit through the communication terminal. The other end of the bearing head is hinged to one end of the rotating ring, and the other end of the rotating ring is hinged with a four-corner disk rotating ring; the release cylinder is installed on the sampler body mounting seat, and the output end is connected with a rotating shaft. The four-corner disk rotating ring is connected to the sampler body mounting seat through the rotating shaft, and is separated from the sampler body mounting seat after the rotating shaft is driven and pulled out by the release cylinder; one end of the release cable is connected to the four-corner disk rotating ring, and the other end is inserted into the drain pipe and connected with a piston; the upward camera, altimeter and downward camera are respectively connected to the sampler control communication unit through the communication terminal.

[0008] Wherein: a drainage pipe guide pulley block is arranged on the drainage pipe at the position where the release steel cable is inserted, and a plurality of drainage holes for discharging water when the piston is lifted are evenly opened on the drainage pipe along the height direction.

[0009] A drain pipe blocking step is provided inside the drain pipe, and when the release mechanism is recovered, the piston is prevented from lifting up through the drain pipe blocking step.

[0010] A plurality of guide pulleys are evenly installed along the height direction on one side of the outer surface of the sampler body. One end of the release steel cable is connected to the four-corner disk swivel through a shackle, and the other end is passed around by each of the guide pulleys. The release steel cable between two adjacent guide pulleys is arc-shaped.

[0011] An upper end guide pulley block is installed on the sampler body mounting seat, and one end of the release steel cable passes through between the upper end guide pulley block and the sampler body mounting seat, and is connected to the four-corner disk swivel; the upper end guide pulley block includes a guide pulley seat, a pulley block shaft and a pulley block fixing bolt, one end of the guide pulley seat is fixed on the sampler body mounting seat, and the other end is connected to the pulley block shaft through the pulley block fixing bolt, and a pulley is provided on the pulley block shaft.

[0012] The guide pulley seat comprises a guide pulley seat base and a guide pulley seat side plate, the guide pulley seat base is fixedly connected to the sampler body mounting base, and two guide pulley seat side plates are vertically arranged on the guide pulley seat base, and each of the guide pulley seat side plates has a guide pulley mounting hole; the pulley block shaft is a stepped shaft and is axially divided into a pulley force axis, a pulley block outer ring and a pulley block inner ring. Both sides of the pulley block inner ring are provided with a pulley block outer ring with a diameter larger than the pulley block inner ring. The release steel cable slides in the pulley block inner ring and is limited by the pulley block outer ring. The outer side of the pulley block outer ring is the pulley force axis, and the pulley force axis passes through the guide pulley mounting hole on the guide pulley seat side plate and is fixed to the guide pulley seat by the pulley block fixing bolts, and the outer surface of the pulley block outer ring abuts against the inner surface of the guide pulley seat side plate.

[0013] Rotating lifting ears for recycling are arranged on both sides of the sampler body mounting seat, one end of the rotating lifting ear on each side is rotatably connected to the rotating disk on the sampler body mounting seat, and the other end of the rotating lifting ear is arranged with a rotating lifting hole.

[0014] The communication soft cable is wound around the upper front of the sampler body and then connected to the communication terminal.

[0015] The four-corner disk rotating ring is square, the four sides are all concave arcs, the four corners are rounded, and a four-corner disk rotating hole is opened on each corner.

[0016] The release method of the release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system of the present invention is:

[0017] The sampler control communication unit detects the seabed height and bottom conditions through an altimeter and a downward-looking camera, controls the release cylinder to complete the release action, and after the release, the sampler controls the hammer unit to complete the sampling work through the tamping action. The specific steps include:

[0018] Step 1: After the release mechanism is lowered to the seabed, the shore control unit on the research vessel transmits the signal through the ship communication cable, the communication soft cable, and the communication terminal to the sampler control communication unit, and determines the bottom position and bottom quality through the altimeter and the downward-looking camera, and transmits the signal to the shore control unit through the sampler control communication unit;

[0019] Step 2: According to the preset release height, after the sampler control communication unit receives the release command from the shore control unit, it controls the release cylinder to pull and release, and the rotating shaft between the four-corner disk swivel and the sampler body mounting seat is retracted along with the release cylinder, completing the four-corner disk swivel from the sampler body mounting seat;

[0020] Step 3: After the sampler body, the drain pipe, the sample tube and the cutter head are separated from the sampler body mounting seat by the four-corner disk swivel, they are lowered by gravity, the release cable drives the piston to withdraw, and the cutter head and the sample tube are inserted into the seabed sediment in sequence;

[0021] Step 4: The shore control unit sends a ramming command through the ship communication cable to the communication soft cable and the communication terminal to the sampler control communication unit, and the sampler control communication unit controls the sampler control hammer unit to hammer the sampler body. At the same time, the shore control unit obtains the sampling length and bottom quality video data through the altimeter and the downward camera, and stops the hammering action when the operation requirements are met;

[0022] Step 5: Use the winch on the scientific research ship to pull back the ship communication cable, drive the load-bearing head and the rotating ring to lift up, pull the release cable to drive the piston, and drive the drainage pipe, the sampler body, the sample tube and the cutter head to be recovered through the piston;

[0023] Step six, after recovering to the edge of the research vessel, complete the recovery of the sampler body, and the operation is completed.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. The present invention combines an external gravity release method with a power combination of a deep-sea hydraulic hammer. The structure of the external gravity release method greatly reduces the difficulty of manufacturing a deep-sea hydraulic hammer, avoids the use of original principles and technologies, and the watertight work of the hollow hydraulic hammer is very difficult to process, the cost is high, and the internal structure is very complicated. The present invention avoids such things from happening.

[0026] 2. The present invention has a compact structure and can achieve controllable operation during the release of the sampler near the bottom layer, thus solving the drawbacks of previous blind release and improving the system's operating capacity, operating efficiency and safety factor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a side view of the overall structure of the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the release mechanism of the present invention in the release stage;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle part;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the four-corner disk rotating ring in the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Fig. 6A It is a structural schematic diagram of the pulley block shaft in the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6B It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing bolts of the pulley block in the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 7A It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pulley block base in the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7B It is a structural front view of the pulley block base in the release mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7C for Figure 7B A top view of

[0037] Fig.7D for Figure 7B Side view of

[0038] Among them: 1 is the ship communication cable, 2 is the bearing head, 3 is the rotating ring, 4 is the four-corner plate rotating ring, 5 is the four-corner plate rotating hole, 6 is the rotating lifting ear, 7 is the rotating lifting hole, 8 is the rotating plate, 9 is the rotating shaft, 10 is the shackle, 11 is the communication terminal, 12 is the upward camera, 13 is the upward camera fixing position, 14 is the release cable, 15 is the guide pulley A, 16 is the guide pulley B, 17 is the guide pulley C, 18 is the guide pulley D, 19 is the guide pulley mounting base, 20 is the sampler control hammer unit, 21 is the altimeter, 22 is the downward camera, 23 is the drain pipe, 24 is the drain hole, 25 is the piston, 26 is the cutter head, 27 is the release cylinder, 28 is the upper end guide pulley group, 29 is the pulley The wheel group shaft, 30 is the pulley force shaft, 31 is the pulley group outer retaining ring, 32 is the pulley group outer ring, 33 is the pulley group inner ring, 34 is the pulley group shaft pin hole, 35 is the pulley group shaft fixing bolt, 36 is the guide pulley seat side plate, 37 is the guide pulley seat base, 38 is the guide pulley group fixing hole, 39 is the guide pulley mounting hole A, 40 is the guide pulley mounting hole B, 41 is the lifting hole A, 42 is the lifting hole B, 43 is the lifting hole C, 44 is the sampler sealing cover, 45 is the sampler control communication unit, 46 is the sampler body, 47 is the sample tube, 48 is the sampler body mounting seat, 49 is the sample tube connector, 50 is the drainage pipe guide pulley group, 51 is the drainage pipe blocking ladder, and 52 is the communication soft cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the release mechanism of the present invention includes a ship communication cable 1, a load-bearing head 2, a rotating ring 3, a four-corner disk rotating ring 4, a rotating ear 6, a rotating shaft 9, a communication terminal 11, an upward camera 12, a release cable 14, a guide pulley, a sampler control hammer unit 20, an altimeter 21, a downward camera 22, a drain pipe 23, a piston 25, a cutter head 26, a release cylinder 27, an upper end guide pulley block 28, a sampler sealing cover 44, a sampler control communication unit 45, a sampler body 46, a sample tube 47, a sampler body mounting seat 48 and a drain pipe guide pulley block 50, wherein the upper end of the sampler body 46 is threadedly connected with a sampler The lower end of the sampler sealing cover 44 is sealedly connected to the upper end of the drain pipe 23, the lower end of the drain pipe 23 is sealedly connected to the upper end of the sample tube 47 through the sample tube connector 49, and the lower end of the sample tube 47 is connected to a cutter head through a thread; the sampler body 46 is respectively installed with a sampler control communication unit 45 and a sampler control hammer unit 20, and the sampler control communication unit 45 is located above the sampler control hammer unit 20; the sampler control communication unit 45 and the sampler control hammer unit 20 of this embodiment are both prior arts, and the sampler control hammer unit 20 can adopt the "energy storage air hammer mechanism" in "A deep-sea pneumatic reciprocating ramming device" with a publication date of May 22, 2013 and a publication number of CN 103115792A.

[0041] The top of the sampler sealing cover 44 is respectively installed with a sampler body mounting seat 48, an upward camera fixing position 13 and a plurality of communication terminals 11, and an upward camera 12 is installed on the upward camera fixing position 13; each communication terminal 11 is respectively connected to the sampler control communication unit 45. A plurality of guide pulleys are installed from top to bottom on the outer surface of one side of the sampler body 46 according to the rotation angle, and an altimeter 21 and a downward camera 22 are respectively installed on the lower part of the outer surface of the other side of the sampler body 46.

[0042] One end of the ship communication cable 1 is wound on the winch of the research vessel, and the other end of the cable is connected to one end of the bearing head 2. The communication soft cable 52 extending from the bearing head 2 is wound in front of the sampler body 46, and then connected to the communication terminal 11, and connected to the sampler control communication unit 45 through the communication terminal 11. The other end of the bearing head 2 is hinged to one end of the rotating ring 3 through a double rotating bolt, and the other end of the rotating ring 3 is hinged to the four-corner disk rotating ring 4 through a single rotating bolt. The release cylinder 27 is installed on the sampler body mounting seat 48, and the output end is connected with a rotating shaft 9. The four-corner disk rotating ring 4 is connected to the sampler body mounting seat 48 through the rotating shaft 9, and is separated from the sampler body mounting seat 48 after the rotating shaft 9 is driven and pulled out by the release cylinder 27. One end of the release cable 14 is connected to the four-corner disk rotating ring 4, and the other end passes through each guide pulley in turn and then penetrates into the drain pipe 23, and is connected with a piston 25.

[0043] In this embodiment, there are at least four communication terminals 11. The upward-looking camera 12, the altimeter 21, the downward-looking camera 22 and the communication cable 52 are each connected to a communication terminal 11, and are respectively connected to the sampler control communication unit 45 through the communication terminal 11.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the four-corner disk rotating ring 4 of this embodiment is square, and the four sides are all concave arcs, the four corners are rounded, and each corner is provided with a four-corner disk rotating hole 5. Three of the four four-corner disk rotating holes 5 are used as lifting holes for connection, and these three lifting holes are lifting holes A41, lifting hole B42 and lifting hole C43. The other end of the rotating ring 3 is inserted into the lifting hole A41 through a single rotating bolt and connected to the four-corner disk rotating ring 4. The lifting hole C43 is connected to the sampler body mounting seat 48 through the rotating shaft 9, and one end of the release cable 14 is connected to the lifting hole B42 through two shackles.

[0045] Both sides of the sampler body mounting seat 48 of this embodiment are provided with rotating ears 6 for recovery. One end of the rotating ear 6 on each side is rotatably connected to the rotating disk 8 on the sampler body mounting seat 48, and the other end of the rotating ear 6 is provided with a rotating hanging hole 7. The rotating hanging holes 7 of the rotating ears 6 on both sides are connected by bolts for recovery.

[0046] The sampler body mounting seat 48 of this embodiment is the upper end surface connection part of the sampler body 46, and the upper end guide pulley block 28 is installed inside the sampler body mounting seat 48. One end of the release cable 14 passes through between the upper end guide pulley block 28 and the sampler body mounting seat 48, and is connected to the lifting hole B42 on the four-corner disk swivel 4 through two shackles 10. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figures 6A-6B and Figures 7A to 7DAs shown, the upper end guide pulley block 28 of this embodiment includes a guide pulley seat, a pulley block shaft 29 and a pulley block fixing bolt 35. One end of the guide pulley seat is fixed on the sampler body mounting seat 48, and the other end is connected to the pulley block shaft 29 through the pulley block fixing bolt 35. A pulley is provided on the pulley block shaft 29. The guide pulley seat of the present embodiment includes a guide pulley seat base 37 and a guide pulley seat side plate 36, the guide pulley seat base 37 is provided with a guide pulley block fixing hole 38, the guide pulley seat base 37 is bolted and connected with the sampler body mounting seat 48 through the guide pulley block fixing hole 38, two guide pulley seat side plates 36 are vertically arranged on the guide pulley seat base 37, and each guide pulley seat side plate 36 has two guide pulley mounting holes, namely, a guide pulley mounting hole A39 and a guide pulley mounting hole B40, which are used to clamp two guide pulleys; the pulley block shaft 29 is a stepped shaft, which is divided into a pulley force axis 30, a pulley force axis 30 and a guide pulley mounting hole B40 along the axial direction. The pulley block outer ring 32 and the pulley block inner ring 33, the pulley block inner ring 33 plays the role of a guide pulley, and the pulley block inner ring 33 is provided with a pulley block outer ring 32 with a diameter larger than the pulley block inner ring 33 on both sides, the release cable 14 slides in the pulley block inner ring 33, and is limited by the pulley block outer ring 32 to prevent the release cable 14 from exceeding the sliding area; the outer side of the pulley block outer ring 32 is the pulley force axis 30, the pulley force axis 30 passes through the guide pulley mounting hole on the guide pulley seat side plate 36, and is fixed to the guide pulley seat by the pulley block fixing bolts 35, and the outer surface of the pulley block outer ring 32 abuts against the inner surface of the guide pulley seat side plate 36.

[0047] There are four guide pulleys in this embodiment, which are evenly arranged from top to bottom along the height direction on one side of the outer surface of the sampler body 46, namely guide pulley A15, guide pulley B16, guide pulley C17 and guide pulley D18. The four guide pulleys are fixed to the sampler body 46 through guide pulley mounting bases 19. One end of the release cable 14 is connected to the hoisting hole B42 on the square plate swivel 4 through two shackles 10, and the other end is bypassed by the four guide pulleys. The release cable 14 between two adjacent guide pulleys is arc-shaped, and the release cable of less than 10m can be stored.

[0048] The drain pipe 23 of this embodiment is provided with a drain pipe guide pulley block 50 at the position where the release steel cable 14 penetrates, and the drain pipe 23 is evenly provided with a plurality of drainage holes 24 along the height direction for water to be discharged when the piston 25 is lifted. The release steel cable 14 passes through the upper end guide pulley block 28, guide pulley A15, guide pulley B16, guide pulley C17, guide pulley D18, drain pipe guide pulley block 50 in sequence, passes through the drain pipe 23 and the sample tube 47, and is connected to the piston 25.

[0049] In this embodiment, a drain pipe blocking step 51 is provided inside the drain pipe 23 , and when the release mechanism is recovered, the drain pipe blocking step 51 prevents the piston 25 from being lifted up.

[0050] The release method of the release mechanism of the deep-water visual controllable light sediment columnar sampling system of the present invention is as follows: the sampler controls the communication unit 45 to detect the seabed height and bottom conditions through the altimeter 21 and the downward-looking camera 22, controls the release cylinder 27 to complete the release action, and after the release, the sampler controls the tamping action of the hammer unit 20 to complete the sampling work, and fully utilizes the kinetic energy and the deep-sea hydraulic hammer tamping dual power combination in the process. The specific steps include:

[0051] Step 1: The release mechanism is assembled before release. After the mechanism is lowered to the seabed, the shore control unit on the research vessel (the shore control unit of the present invention is a prior art) transmits the signal through the ship communication cable 1, through the communication soft cable 52 and the communication terminal 11 to the sampler control communication unit 45, observes the values ​​of the altimeter 21 and the downward-looking camera 22, determines the bottom position and bottom quality through the altimeter 21 and the downward-looking camera 22, and transmits the signal to the shore control unit through the sampler control communication unit 45;

[0052] Step 2: According to the preset release height, after the sampler control communication unit 45 receives the release command from the shore control unit, it controls the release cylinder 27 to pull and release, and the rotating shaft 9 between the lifting hole C43 on the four-corner disk swivel 4 and the sampler body mounting seat 48 is retracted along with the release cylinder 27, completing the four-corner disk swivel 4 from the sampler body mounting seat 48;

[0053] Step three, after the sampler body 46, the drain pipe 23, the sample tube 47 and the cutter head 26 are separated from the sampler body mounting seat 48 by the four-corner disk swivel ring 4, they are lowered by gravity, and the release cable 14 drives the piston 25 to be withdrawn through the upper end guide pulley group 28, guide pulley A15, guide pulley B16, guide pulley C17, guide pulley D18 and the drain pipe guide pulley group 50 in sequence, and the cutter head 26 and the sample tube 47 are inserted into the seabed sediment in sequence; in this embodiment, the release cable 14 is in a straightened state when the cutter head 26 just enters the surface layer of the seabed sediment, such as Figure 3 As shown;

[0054] Step 4: The shore control unit sends a ramming command through the ship communication cable 1, transmits the signal through the communication soft cable 52 and the communication terminal 11 to the sampler control communication unit 45, and the sampler control communication unit 45 controls the sampler control hammer unit 20 to hammer the sampler body 46. At the same time, the shore control unit obtains the sampling length and bottom quality video data through the altimeter 21 and the downward camera 22; the sampler control hammer unit 20 rams the sampler body 46 once, and the piston 25 withdraws once; when the operation requirements are met, the hammering action is stopped;

[0055] Step 5: Use the winch on the research vessel to pull back the ship communication cable 1, drive the bearing head 2 and the rotating ring 3 to lift up, pull and release the cable 14 to drive the piston 25 to reach the drain pipe blocking step 51, and drive the drain pipe 23, the sampler body 46, the sample tube 47 and the cutter head 26 to be recovered through the piston 25;

[0056] Step six, after recovering to the edge of the research vessel, use the bolts between the rotating lifting holes 7 on the rotating lifting ears 6 on both sides to complete the recovery of the sampler body 46, and the operation is completed.

[0057] The present invention combines the external gravity release method with the power combination of the deep-sea hydraulic hammer, that is, the sampling process includes two processes: early gravity penetration and later ramming sampling. The use of the external gravity release method greatly reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the deep-sea hydraulic hammer. The configuration of the hydraulic hammer ramming mechanism enables the sampler to complete the ultra-long, continuous, low-disturbance deep-sea sediment columnar sample collection work without significantly increasing its own weight.

Claims

1. A release mechanism for a deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a ship communication steel cable (1), a bearing head (2), a rotating ring (3), a four-corner plate rotating ring (4), a rotating shaft (9), a communication terminal (11), an upward camera (12), a release steel cable (14), a sampler control hammer unit (20), an altimeter (21), a downward camera (22), a drain pipe (23), a piston (25), a cutter head (26), a release cylinder (27), a sampler sealing cover (44), a sampler control communication unit (45), a sampler body (46), a sample tube (47) and a sampler body mounting seat (48), wherein the sampler body ( 46), a drain pipe (23), a sample tube (47) and a cutter head (26) are connected in sequence; the upper end of the sampler body (46) is threadedly connected to a sampler sealing cover (44); a sampler control communication unit (45) and a sampler control hammer unit (20) are respectively installed inside the sampler body (46); an altimeter (21) and a downward-looking camera (22) are respectively installed on the outer surface of the sampler body (46); a sampler body mounting seat (48), an upward-looking camera (12) and a plurality of communication terminals (11) are respectively installed on the top of the sampler sealing cover (44), each of which is connected to a sampler body. The communication terminals (11) are respectively connected to the sampler control communication unit (45); one end of the ship communication cable (1) is wound around the winch of the scientific research ship, and the other end of the cable is connected to one end of the bearing head (2); the communication soft cable (52) extending from the bearing head (2) is connected to the sampler control communication unit (45) through the communication terminal (11); the other end of the bearing head (2) is hinged to one end of the rotating ring (3), and the other end of the rotating ring (3) is hinged to a four-corner disk rotating ring (4); the release cylinder (27) is installed on the sampler body mounting seat (48), and the output end A rotating shaft (9) is connected, the four-corner disk rotating ring (4) is connected to the sampler body mounting seat (48) through the rotating shaft (9), and is separated from the sampler body mounting seat (48) after the rotating shaft (9) is driven and pulled out by the release cylinder (27); one end of the release steel cable (14) is connected to the four-corner disk rotating ring (4), and the other end is inserted into the drain pipe (23) and connected to the piston (25); the upward camera (12), the altimeter (21) and the downward camera (22) are respectively connected to the sampler control communication unit (45) through the communication terminal (11); The drainage pipe (23) is provided with a drainage pipe guide pulley block (50) at a position where the release steel cable (14) is inserted, and the drainage pipe (23) is evenly provided with a plurality of drainage holes (24) along the height direction for draining water when the piston (25) is lifted up; A drain pipe blocking step (51) is provided inside the drain pipe (23), and when the release mechanism is retracted, the drain pipe blocking step (51) prevents the piston (25) from being lifted up.

2. The release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of guide pulleys are evenly installed on one side of the outer surface of the sampler body (46) along the height direction. One end of the release steel cable (14) is connected to the four-corner disk swivel (4) through a shackle (10), and the other end is passed around by each of the guide pulleys. The release steel cable (14) between two adjacent guide pulleys is arc-shaped.

3. The release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An upper end guide pulley block (28) is mounted on the sampler body mounting seat (48), one end of the release steel cable (14) passes through between the upper end guide pulley block (28) and the sampler body mounting seat (48), and is connected to the four-corner disk rotating ring (4); the upper end guide pulley block (28) comprises a guide pulley seat, a pulley block shaft (29) and a pulley block fixing bolt (35), one end of the guide pulley seat is fixed on the sampler body mounting seat (48), and the other end is connected to the pulley block shaft (29) via the pulley block fixing bolt (35), and a pulley is provided on the pulley block shaft (29).

4. The release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The guide pulley seat comprises a guide pulley seat base (37) and a guide pulley seat side plate (36). The guide pulley seat base (37) is fixedly connected to the sampler body mounting seat (48). Two guide pulley seat side plates (36) are vertically arranged on the guide pulley seat base (37). Each of the guide pulley seat side plates (36) is provided with a guide pulley mounting hole. The pulley block shaft (29) is a stepped shaft, which is axially divided into a pulley force shaft (30), a pulley block outer ring (32) and a pulley block inner ring (33). Both sides of the pulley block inner ring (33) are Each of the pulley blocks is provided with an outer pulley ring (32) having a diameter larger than that of the inner pulley ring (33). The release steel cable (14) slides in the inner pulley ring (33) and is limited by the outer pulley ring (32). The outer side of the outer pulley ring (32) is the pulley force axis (30). The pulley force axis (30) passes through the guide pulley mounting hole on the guide pulley seat side plate (36) and is fixed to the guide pulley seat by the pulley block fixing bolts (35). The outer surface of the outer pulley ring (32) abuts against the inner surface of the guide pulley seat side plate (36).

5. The release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: Rotating lifting ears (6) for recovery are provided on both sides of the sampler body mounting seat (48), one end of the rotating lifting ear (6) on each side is rotatably connected to a rotating disk (8) on the sampler body mounting seat (48), and the other end of the rotating lifting ear (6) is provided with a rotating lifting hole (7).

6. The release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The communication soft cable (52) is wound around the upper front of the sampler body (46) and then connected to the communication terminal (11).

7. The release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment columnar sampling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The four-corner disk rotating ring (4) is square, the four sides are all concave arcs, the four corners are rounded, and each corner is provided with a four-corner disk rotating hole (5).

8. A method for releasing the release mechanism of the deep-water visible and controllable light sediment column sampling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sampler control communication unit (45) detects the seabed height and bottom conditions through the altimeter (21) and the downward-looking camera (22), controls the release cylinder (27) to complete the release action, and after the release, the sampler controls the hammer unit (20) to perform a tamping action to complete the sampling work. The specific steps include: Step 1: After the release mechanism is lowered to the seabed, the shore control unit on the research vessel transmits a signal through the ship communication steel cable (1) through the communication soft cable (52) and the communication terminal (11) to the sampler control communication unit (45), determines the bottom position and bottom quality through the altimeter (21) and the downward-looking camera (22), and transmits the signal to the shore control unit through the sampler control communication unit (45); Step 2: According to the preset release height, after the sampler control communication unit (45) receives the release command from the shore control unit, it controls the release cylinder (27) to pull and release, and the rotating shaft (9) between the four-corner disk swivel (4) and the sampler body mounting seat (48) is retracted along with the release cylinder (27), so that the four-corner disk swivel (4) is separated from the sampler body mounting seat (48); Step 3: After the four-corner disk swivel (4) is separated from the sampler body mounting seat (48), the sampler body (46), the drainage pipe (23), the sample tube (47) and the cutter head (26) are lowered by gravity, the release steel cable (14) drives the piston (25) to withdraw, and the cutter head (26) and the sample tube (47) are inserted into the seabed sediment in sequence; Step 4: The shore control unit transmits the tamping command through the ship communication steel cable (1) and the signal passes through the communication soft cable (52) and the communication terminal (11) to reach the sampler control communication unit (45). The sampler control communication unit (45) controls the sampler control hammer unit (20) to perform a hammering action on the sampler body (46). At the same time, the shore control unit obtains the sampling length and bottom quality video data through the altimeter (21) and the downward-looking camera (22). When the operation requirements are met, the hammering action is stopped; Step 5, using the winch on the research vessel to pull back the ship communication steel cable (1), drive the bearing head (2) and the rotating ring (3) to lift up, pull the release steel cable (14) to drive the piston (25), and drive the drainage pipe (23), the sampler body (46), the sample tube (47) and the cutter head (26) to be recovered through the piston (25); Step six, after being recovered to the edge of the research vessel, the sampler body (46) is recovered, and the operation is completed.

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