A lifting device and control method suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles
The lifting device for prefabricated pipe piles uses a four-point suspension system with fixed pulleys and real-time monitoring to address local stress and verticality issues, achieving stable and efficient lifting.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202010521123.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2020-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
- Estimated Expiration
- 2040-06-10
AI Technical Summary
Traditional two-point lifting methods for prefabricated pipe piles result in excessive local stress, require bulky temporary lifting facilities, and fail to maintain stability and verticality during lifting and assembly, especially for heavy structures like prefabricated pipe piles with pile-column integrated construction.
A lifting device employing a steel frame with four-point suspension using fixed pulleys and slings, combined with strain sensors and high-precision real-time inclination sensors for real-time monitoring and control, to evenly distribute lifting forces and ensure verticality.
The device effectively reduces local stress by half, ensures stable and vertical lifting, and enhances safety and efficiency by real-time monitoring and adjustment, making it suitable for heavy prefabricated pipe piles.
Smart Images
Figure CN111573496B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the field of hoisting construction, and in particular to a hoisting device and a control method suitable for four-point hoisting of prefabricated pipe piles, which is particularly suitable for hoisting pipe piles of integrated substructures of bridge piles that require four-point hoisting. Background Art
[0002] Due to the shortcomings of traditional bridge construction, such as serious environmental pollution, intensive labor on the construction site, long construction period, and great impact on traffic, prefabricated construction technology came into being. Although my country began to develop prefabricated bridges in the 1990s, with the guidance of national and local policies in recent years, prefabricated construction technology has been strongly developed. However, with the increasing application of prefabricated technology in bridges, it has gradually developed from partial prefabrication to full prefabrication. This method is prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the site for assembly. One of the important processes is the lifting and assembly of prefabricated components on site, which is directly related to the safety of the construction process. At present, most projects use two-point lifting methods, that is, it is generally believed that three points cannot achieve even distribution of force, let alone four-point lifting. However, in order to reduce the number of on-site assembly times, prefabricated segments are often designed to be larger. In particular, prefabricated pipe piles with pile-column integrated construction technology often have a construction hoisting weight of more than 100 tons. If two-point lifting is still used to lift such a heavy structure, the local force on the pile at the lifting point will increase, and the temporary lifting facilities will also need to be designed to be very powerful, which will increase the difficulty of prefabrication of the pile. It is also not conducive to positioning during the lifting process, especially during the assembly of the pile, which needs to be stable and vertical. Summary of the invention
[0003] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a lifting device and control method suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles to solve the problems of excessive local stress of pipe piles caused by traditional two-point lifting, bulky temporary lifting facilities, and the inability of pipe piles to remain stable and vertical during lifting and assembly.
[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0005] A lifting device suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles, wherein a pre-set hole which runs horizontally through the pipe wall of the prefabricated pipe pile is opened at one end of the prefabricated pipe pile, and the axial direction of the pre-set hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the prefabricated pipe pile; the lifting device comprises a steel frame, a lifting rope, a sling, a steel rod and a control system, one end of a lifting rope is fixedly connected to each of the four corners on the top of the steel frame, and the other end of the lifting rope is used to connect to a crane hook, two fixed pulleys are installed at intervals in the middle of the steel frame, and the wheel axles of the two fixed pulleys are arranged in parallel, and a sling is installed on each fixed pulley, and the two ends of the sling are respectively connected to the steel rod, one end of which is located on the inner side of the prefabricated pipe pile, and the steel rod is used to pass through the pre-set hole of the prefabricated pipe pile, and the two ends of the steel rod are located on the outer side of the prefabricated pipe pile, and the steel rod is arranged parallel to the steel frame;
[0006] The control system includes a control console, a wireless transmitter, two strain sensors and a high-precision real-time inclination sensor. The control console is wirelessly connected to the two strain sensors and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor via the wireless transmitter. The wireless transmitter is installed on both the steel rod and the steel frame. The wireless transmitter on the steel rod is connected to the two strain sensors, and the wireless transmitter on the steel frame is connected to the high-precision real-time inclination sensor. The two strain sensors are respectively placed on the steel rod and are located between the two end connections of each sling connecting the steel rod, and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor is installed on the steel frame.
[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the fixed pulley is greater than the thickness of the wall of the prefabricated pipe pile, the two fixed pulleys have the same size, the slings on the two fixed pulleys have the same length, and the four slings have the same length.
[0008] Preferably, the fixed pulley is located between the connection points of the four suspension ropes and the steel frame.
[0009] Preferably, the steel frame includes two longitudinal beams, two transverse beams, four steel frame hanging points, two wheel axles, two steel frame cross braces and two fixed pulleys. The two longitudinal beams and the two transverse beams constitute the outline of the steel frame, and the outline of the steel frame is a rectangular structure. Two steel frame hanging points are symmetrically arranged on the top of each longitudinal beam, and the connecting line of the four steel frame hanging points constitutes a rectangular structure. Each steel frame hanging point is connected to a hanging rope, and the two wheel axles are arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beams, and their two ends are respectively mounted on the two longitudinal beams. A fixed pulley is installed in the middle of each wheel axle, and the distance between each wheel axle and the nearest steel frame hanging point at the connection between the longitudinal beam and the wheel axle is the same. Two steel frame cross braces are cross-arranged, which are located between the two wheel axles and are symmetrical about the outline center of the steel frame. The two ends of each steel frame cross brace are fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams; the wireless transmitter and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor on the steel frame are installed on a longitudinal beam.
[0010] Preferably, the high-precision real-time inclination sensor adopts a HVT826T-Modbus output type high-precision dual-axis inclination sensor.
[0011] Based on the above lifting device, the present invention also provides a control method suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles. The control method uses the above-mentioned lifting device suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles for lifting, and specifically includes the following steps:
[0012] (1) After the prefabricated pipe piles are transported to the site, the prefabricated pipe piles are placed in a lifting posture;
[0013] (2) Assemble the steel frame, lifting rope and sling of the lifting device and hang them on the crane hook by using the lifting rope;
[0014] (3) Install two strain sensors and a wireless transmitter at the corresponding positions of the steel rod, and pass the steel rod through the reserved hole of the prefabricated pipe pile, and pass the sling through the sling during the installation process, so that the sling is connected to the steel rod;
[0015] (4) Install a high-precision real-time tilt sensor and another wireless transmitter at the corresponding position on the top of the steel frame;
[0016] (5) Turn on the power of all wireless transmitters and consoles, reset them and start collecting data until the console data is normal;
[0017] (6) The crane slowly lifts the prefabricated pipe pile from a horizontal state to a vertical state. During the entire conversion process, the strain sensor detects the strain of the steel bar in real time and transmits the detected strain data to the control console through the wireless transmitter connected to it. The control console observes the strain data in real time to keep the strain data within a reasonable range.
[0018] (7) After the prefabricated pipe pile is completely vertical, the crane lifts the lower edge of the prefabricated pipe pile 5 cm off the ground and maintains it for a period of time. At the same time, the strain sensor continues to detect the strain of the steel rod in real time, and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor continues to detect the inclination of the steel frame in real time. The strain sensor and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor transmit data to the control console through a wireless transmitter. The control console observes the strain data and inclination data in real time, and starts formal lifting after the strain data and inclination data are within a reasonable range.
[0019] Preferably, in step (7), if the strain data exceeds a reasonable range, the lifting is stopped, the prefabricated pipe pile is lowered, and a new steel rod is searched for; if the inclination data is not within the allowable range, the lifting is stopped, the prefabricated pipe pile is lowered, and the lengths of the four lifting ropes are readjusted.
[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] (1) The present invention proposes a lifting device suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles. The fixed pulley is used to cleverly divide the original single-point lifting force into two parts, thereby changing the two-point lifting into four-point lifting, that is, the lifting device can achieve the requirements of four-point lifting, so that the four-point lifting of the prefabricated pipe piles is uniformly stressed. Furthermore, due to the use of a fixed pulley, the force on the steel rod is changed from two points to four points, thereby reducing the sling force of the original two-point lifting by half, thereby reducing the local force on the steel rod, and at the same time, the verticality requirement of the pipe pile can be easily achieved. In addition, the length of the lifting rope and the sling of the lifting device of the present invention are manufactured in the factory, and their length and quality can be easily guaranteed.
[0022] (2) The lifting device proposed in the present invention is provided with a strain sensor for detecting the strain condition of the steel bar during the lifting process to monitor the tolerance of the steel bar, and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor provided can detect the horizontality of the steel frame during the lifting process, and then detect the verticality of the prefabricated pipe piles. Therefore, the use of the lifting device in the lifting process of the prefabricated pipe piles and the four-point lifting control method proposed based on it can not only ensure the safety of the lifting device, but also can ensure the horizontality of the steel frame in the lifting process in real time, thereby ensuring the verticality of the pipe piles.
[0023] (3) The lifting device proposed in the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The control method provided based on the lifting device is reliable and easy to operate, and has the advantages of high efficiency, economy and safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting device of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Center AA view.
[0026] Main component symbols
[0027] In the figure: crane hook 1, lifting rope 2, fixed pulley 3, lifting cable 4, steel rod 5, strain sensor 6, wireless transmitter 7, control console 8, high-precision real-time tilt sensor 9, steel frame lifting point 10, steel frame cross brace 11, axle 12, cross beam 13, steel frame 14, longitudinal beam 15, prefabricated pipe piles 16.
[0028] The following specific implementation manner will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 2In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lifting device suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles is designed based on the following prefabricated pipe piles 16: one end of the prefabricated pipe pile 16 is provided with a reserved hole that transversely penetrates its pipe wall, and the axial direction of the reserved hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the prefabricated pipe pile 16.
[0030] The lifting device includes a steel frame 14, four lifting ropes 2, four lifting cables 4, a steel rod 5 and a control system. One end of a lifting rope 2 is fixedly connected to each of the four corners of the top of the steel frame 14, and the other end of the lifting rope 2 is used to connect to the crane hook 1. Two fixed pulleys 3 are installed at intervals in the middle of the steel frame 14, and the wheel axles 12 of the two fixed pulleys 3 are arranged in parallel. A lifting cable 4 is installed on each fixed pulley 3, and the two ends of the lifting cable 4 are respectively connected to the steel rod 5, one end of which is located on the inner side of the prefabricated pipe pile 16. The steel rod 5 is used to penetrate the reserved hole of the prefabricated pipe pile 16, and its two ends are located on the outer side of the prefabricated pipe pile 16. The steel rod 5 is arranged parallel to the steel frame 14. Preferably, the steel rod 5 is solid. The central steel rod 5 transfers the weight of the prefabricated pipe pile 16 to the sling 4; that is, the present invention changes the force on one end of the steel rod 5 from one point to two points through the fixed pulley 3 and the sling 4, and due to the action of the fixed pulley 3, the two points can be evenly stressed, and the present application uses two fixed pulleys 3, which makes the steel rod 5 to be stressed at four points during the lifting of the prefabricated pipe pile 16, and the force is even, and the force at each point is smaller than the single-point force when the steel rod 5 is stressed at two points, and is reduced to half of the original single-point force, which reduces the local force on the steel rod 5, making it easier to lift and easier to meet the verticality requirements of the prefabricated pipe pile 16. Please refer to Figure 2In this embodiment, the steel frame 14 includes two longitudinal beams, two transverse beams 13, four steel frame suspension points 10, two wheel axles 12, two steel frame cross braces 11 and two fixed pulleys 3. The two longitudinal beams and the two transverse beams 13 constitute the outline of the steel frame 14, which is also the weighing system of the steel frame 14. The outline of the steel frame 14 is a rectangular structure. Two steel frame suspension points 10 are symmetrically arranged on the top of each longitudinal beam. The connection line of the four steel frame suspension points 10 constitutes a rectangular structure, and the connection line of the two steel frame suspension points 10 on the diagonal line passes through the center of the steel frame 14 outline. Each steel frame suspension point 10 is connected to a suspension rope. 2, two axles 12 are arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beam, and their two ends are respectively mounted on the two longitudinal beams, a fixed pulley 3 is installed in the middle of each axle 12, and the force borne by the fixed pulley 3 is transmitted to the steel frame 14 through the axle 12, and the distance between each axle 12 and the nearest steel frame suspension point 10 is the same, and two steel frame cross braces 11 are arranged crosswise, which are located between the two axles 12 and are symmetrical about the outline center of the steel frame 14, and the two ends of each steel frame cross brace 11 are fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams, and the steel frame cross brace 11 is used to improve the stability of the entire steel frame 14. Preferably, the diameter of the fixed pulley 3 is greater than the thickness of the wall of the prefabricated pipe pile 16, the two fixed pulleys 3 have the same size, the slings 4 on the two fixed pulleys 3 have the same length, and the four sling ropes 2 have the same length; the fixed pulley 3 is located between the connection between the four sling ropes 2 and the steel frame 14, and the two fixed pulleys 3 are on the same plane.
[0031] The control system includes a console 8, a wireless transmitter 7, two strain sensors 6 and a high-precision real-time tilt sensor 9. The console 8 is wirelessly connected to the two strain sensors 6 and the high-precision real-time tilt sensor 9 through the wireless transmitter 7. The wireless transmitter 7 is installed on both the steel bar 5 and the steel frame 14. The wireless transmitter 7 on the steel bar 5 is connected to the two strain sensors 6, and the wireless transmitter 7 on the steel frame 14 is connected to the high-precision real-time tilt sensor 9. The wireless transmitter 7 is used to transmit the data generated by the strain sensor 6 and the high-precision real-time tilt sensor 9 to the console 8 using Wifi; the two strain sensors 6 are respectively placed on the steel bar 5 and are located between the two ends of each sling 4 connected to the steel bar 5, specifically installed at the position where the bending stress of the steel bar 5 is the largest. , which is used to detect the strain of the steel rod 5 during the lifting process, and transmit the strain data to the console 8 through the wireless transmitter 7 connected thereto. The console 8 obtains the deformation of the steel rod 5 during the lifting process by monitoring the real-time strain data, so as to replace the steel rod 5 in time when the strain data exceeds a reasonable range, thereby improving the safety of the use of the device and the safety of the lifting process; the high-precision real-time inclination sensor 9 is installed on the steel frame 14, which is used to detect the inclination state of the steel frame 14 during the lifting process, and transmit the inclination data to the console 8 through the wireless transmitter 7 connected thereto. The console 8 obtains the horizontality of the steel frame 14 during the lifting process by monitoring the real-time inclination data, thereby obtaining the verticality of the prefabricated pipe pile 16. When the inclination data is not within a reasonable range, the length of the sling 4 is adjusted to ensure the verticality of the prefabricated pipe pile 16. Preferably, in this embodiment, the wireless transmitter 7 and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor 9 on the steel frame 14 are installed on a longitudinal beam; the high-precision real-time inclination sensor 9 adopts the HVT826T-Modbus output type high-precision dual-axis inclination sensor 9, which can measure the inclination of two axes at the same time, and can ensure the overall horizontality of the plane of the steel frame 14 during lifting, with an accuracy of 0.007°, a power-on start-up time of 0.2s, and a response time of 0.01s.
[0032] Based on the above lifting device, the present invention also provides a control method suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles 16. The control method uses the above-mentioned lifting device suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles 16 for lifting, and specifically includes the following steps:
[0033] (1) After the prefabricated pipe pile 16 is transported to the site, the prefabricated pipe pile 16 is placed in a lifting posture;
[0034] (2) Assemble the steel frame 14, the lifting rope 2 and the lifting cable 4 of the lifting device, and hang them on the crane hook 1 by using the lifting rope 2;
[0035] (3) Install two strain sensors 6 and a wireless transmitter 7 at corresponding positions of the steel rod 5, and pass the steel rod 5 through the reserved hole of the prefabricated pipe pile 16, and pass the sling 4 during the installation process, so that the sling 4 is connected to the steel rod 5;
[0036] (4) Install the high-precision real-time tilt sensor 9 and another wireless transmitter 7 to the corresponding positions on the top of the steel frame 14;
[0037] (5) Turn on the power of all wireless transmitters 7 and consoles 8, reset them and start collecting data until the data of consoles 8 is normal;
[0038] (6) The crane slowly lifts the prefabricated pipe pile 16 from a horizontal state to a vertical state. During the entire conversion process, the strain sensor 6 detects the strain of the steel rod 5 in real time and transmits the detected strain data to the control console 8 through the wireless transmitter 7 connected thereto. The control console 8 observes the strain data in real time to ensure that the strain data is within a reasonable range.
[0039] (7) After the prefabricated pipe pile 16 is completely vertical, the crane makes the lower edge of the prefabricated pipe pile 16 5 cm off the ground and maintains it for a period of time. At the same time, the strain sensor 6 continues to detect the strain of the steel rod 5 in real time, and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor 9 detects the inclination of the steel frame 14 in real time. The strain sensor 6 and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor 9 transmit data to the control console 8 through the wireless transmitter 7. The control console 8 observes the strain data and inclination data in real time, and starts the formal lifting after the strain data and inclination data are both within a reasonable range.
[0040] Preferably, in step (7), if the strain data exceeds a reasonable range, the lifting is stopped, and the prefabricated pipe pile 16 is lowered and a new steel rod 5 with better bearing capacity is found. This indicates that the steel rod 5 cannot withstand the lifting and needs to be replaced with a steel rod 5 with better bearing capacity. If the inclination data is not within the allowable range, the lifting is stopped, the prefabricated pipe pile is lowered, and the length of the four lifting ropes 2 is readjusted.
[0041] The above description is a detailed description of the preferred feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modified changes completed under the technical spirit suggested by the present invention should fall within the patent scope covered by the present invention.
Claims
1. A control method for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles, using a lifting device suitable for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles for lifting, wherein one end of the prefabricated pipe pile is provided with a reserved hole that passes through the pipe wall transversely, and the axial direction of the reserved hole is perpendicular to the length direction of the prefabricated pipe pile; characterized in that: The lifting device comprises a steel frame, a lifting rope, a lifting cable, a steel rod and a control system. One end of a lifting rope is fixedly connected to each of the four corners on the top of the steel frame. The other end of the lifting rope is used to connect to a crane hook. Two fixed pulleys are installed at intervals in the middle of the steel frame. The axles of the two fixed pulleys are arranged in parallel. A lifting cable is installed on each fixed pulley. The two ends of the lifting cable are respectively connected to the steel rod, one end of which is located on the inner side of the prefabricated pipe pile. The steel rod is used to penetrate the reserved hole of the prefabricated pipe pile, and the two ends of the steel rod are located on the outer side of the prefabricated pipe pile. The steel rod is arranged in parallel with the steel frame. The control system includes a control console, a wireless transmitter, two strain sensors and a high-precision real-time inclination sensor. The control console is wirelessly connected to the two strain sensors and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor through the wireless transmitter. The wireless transmitter is installed on both the steel rod and the steel frame, wherein the wireless transmitter on the steel rod is connected to the two strain sensors, and the wireless transmitter on the steel frame is connected to the high-precision real-time inclination sensor; the two strain sensors are respectively placed on the steel rod and are located between the two ends of each sling connecting the steel rod, and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor is installed on the steel frame; The control method comprises the following steps: (1) After the prefabricated pipe piles are transported to the site, the prefabricated pipe piles are placed in a lifting posture; (2) Assemble the steel frame, lifting rope and sling of the lifting device, and hang them on the crane hook using the lifting rope; (3) Install two strain sensors and a wireless transmitter at the corresponding positions of the steel rod, and pass the steel rod through the reserved hole of the prefabricated pipe pile, and pass the sling through the sling during the installation process, so that the sling is connected to the steel rod; (4) Install a high-precision real-time tilt sensor and another wireless transmitter at the corresponding position on the top of the steel frame; (5) Turn on the power of all wireless transmitters and consoles, reset them and start collecting data until the console data is normal; (6) The crane slowly lifts the prefabricated pipe pile from a horizontal state to a vertical state. During the entire conversion process, the strain sensor detects the strain of the steel bar in real time and transmits the detected strain data to the control console through the wireless transmitter connected to it. The control console observes the strain data in real time to keep the strain data within a reasonable range; (7) After the prefabricated pipe pile is completely vertical, the crane lifts the lower edge of the prefabricated pipe pile 5 cm off the ground and maintains it for a period of time. At the same time, the strain sensor continues to detect the strain of the steel rod in real time, and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor continues to detect the inclination of the steel frame in real time. The strain sensor and the high-precision real-time inclination sensor transmit data to the control console through a wireless transmitter. The control console observes the strain data and inclination data in real time, and starts formal lifting after the strain data and inclination data are within a reasonable range.
2. A control method for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the fixed pulley is greater than the thickness of the wall of the prefabricated pipe pile, the two fixed pulleys have the same size, the slings on the two fixed pulleys have the same length, and the four sling ropes have the same length.
3. A control method for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed pulley is located between the connection points of the four suspension ropes and the steel frame.
4. A control method for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The steel frame includes two longitudinal beams, two transverse beams, four steel frame hanging points, two wheel axles, two steel frame cross braces and two fixed pulleys. The two longitudinal beams and the two transverse beams constitute the outline of the steel frame. The outline of the steel frame is a rectangular structure. Two steel frame hanging points are symmetrically arranged on the top of each longitudinal beam. The connecting line of the four steel frame hanging points constitutes a rectangular structure. Each steel frame hanging point is connected to a hanging rope. The two wheel axles are arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the longitudinal beams, and their two ends are respectively mounted on the two longitudinal beams. A fixed pulley is installed in the middle of each wheel axle. The distance between each wheel axle and the nearest steel frame hanging point at the connection between the longitudinal beam and the wheel axle is the same. The two steel frame cross braces are cross-arranged, which are located between the two wheel axles and are symmetrical about the outline center of the steel frame. The two ends of each steel frame cross brace are fixedly connected to the two longitudinal beams. The wireless transmitter and high-precision real-time inclination sensor on the steel frame are installed on a longitudinal beam.
5. A control method for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The high-precision real-time inclination sensor adopts a HVT826T-Modbus output type high-precision dual-axis inclination sensor.
6. A control method for four-point lifting of prefabricated pipe piles as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (7), if the strain data exceeds a reasonable range, the lifting is stopped, the prefabricated pipe pile is lowered, and a new steel rod is found; if the inclination data is not within the allowable range, the lifting is stopped, the prefabricated pipe pile is lowered, and the length of the four lifting ropes is readjusted.