A drilling stand for ensuring smooth blasting effect of roadbed and its use method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to a drilling rig for ensuring smooth blasting effect of roadbed and its use method, including a rig base composed of a base platform and legs, the bottom of the rig base is provided with walking wheels, the inner side of the bottom of the base is provided with a plurality of hydraulic support rods, the lower ends of the hydraulic support rods are rotatably connected with spiral anchor bolts through bearings, and oil cylinders are fixed at both ends of the top of the base platform, the piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected to an adjustment plate, one end of the adjustment plate is provided with a movable down-the-hole drill fixture, and the other end is provided with a drill guide tube. The use of a small drilling rig for construction can ensure that the blasthole aperture is controlled within a smaller range, which is conducive to the control of the smooth blasting effect. Through the comparison of the before and after smooth blasting construction, the use of this device and method plays a great role in forming a good smooth blasting effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and in particular relates to a drilling stand for ensuring a smooth surface blasting effect of a roadbed and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The Yadu Project (Phase I) is located in the central and western mountainous terrain, which is mainly composed of mountains and hills. The terrain is undulating, resulting in a huge amount of stonework. The stone excavation section of this project is long, and the height of the stone slope is high. In order to ensure the appearance quality after blasting, it is decided to use smooth blasting to carry out fine construction control of the stone slope. The quality of drilling directly affects the effect of smooth blasting, because smooth blasting has high requirements for drilling accuracy, and the drilling accuracy is directly related to the drilling depth. Generally, the deeper the drilling hole, the greater the drilling deviation and the worse the accuracy; the deeper the drilling hole, the more drill cuttings remain in the hole, which reduces the utilization rate of the blasthole and significantly affects the overall effect of smooth blasting; at the same time, the deeper the drilling hole, the lower the drilling efficiency.

[0003] The existing construction plan uses large and medium-sized down-the-hole drilling rigs for construction. First, the opening line is released on the construction platform after the ordinary blasting is completed, and the position of the hole is released according to the blasting parameters. The down-the-hole drilling rig is used to adjust the angle, and then the construction is carried out.

[0004] The rock in the stone section of this project is a semi-hard rock. If the hole spacing is too small or the hole diameter is too large, the stone slope surface is easily damaged. Considering economic factors, the down-the-hole drill purchased by the project can only meet the large down-the-hole drilling rigs for ordinary blasting. This large drilling rig cannot use a small-diameter drill bit. If this down-the-hole drilling rig is used for construction, the blasthole diameter is too large, and the charge amount and smooth blasting effect cannot be effectively controlled.

[0005] The smooth blasting method used in this project is not pre-splitting, but the order of ordinary blasting, slag removal, and then smooth blasting. After the ordinary blasting construction is completed, the reserved construction platform width is limited, which affects the operation of the down-the-hole drill rig, and a temporary access road must be built to ensure that the drill rig can climb onto the construction platform, resulting in increased costs.

[0006] Another construction scheme is to use a small down-the-hole drill for construction alone. That is, each down-the-hole drill has an independent small stand. After completing the construction of a blasthole, the small down-the-hole drill is moved to the next blasthole to continue construction.

[0007] The biggest problem with this solution is that it requires moving the small down-the-hole drill multiple times. Due to human error, the uniformity of the drilling angle cannot be guaranteed for each time, and the flatness of the slope is difficult to ensure. In addition, the small independent gantry has low stability and is prone to overturning or changing angles during the drilling process, resulting in inconsistent slope gradients. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a drilling rig for ensuring the smooth blasting effect of roadbed, which includes a rig base composed of a base platform and legs, a walking wheel is provided at the bottom of the rig base, a hydraulic support rod is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the base, and a spiral anchor bolt is rotatably connected to the lower end of the hydraulic support rod through a bearing, and an oil cylinder is fixed at both ends of the top of the base platform, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder is connected to an adjustment plate, one end of the adjustment plate is provided with a movable down-the-hole drill fixture, and the other end is provided with a drill guide tube, and the drill bit A bellows is sleeved on the front end of the guide tube, a dust suction pipe is connected to the bellows, and a negative pressure fan is externally connected to the dust suction pipe. The drill guide tube includes a drill limit tube fixedly mounted on the adjusting plate, and a drilling positioning tube detachably connected to the drill limit tube through a flange. A first bearing is fixedly mounted inside the drilling positioning tube, and the inner ring of the first bearing and the down-the-hole drill bit are provided with matching screw-in threads. Rotating motors are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer end of the drilling positioning tube, and the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to an anchor rod, and the anchor rod is marked with size scales.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotating motor is a servo motor, model SM 80-024-30LFB.

[0010] Furthermore, a coaxial second bearing is fixedly provided at the front end of the rotating electric machine, and the anchor rod is fixedly penetrated through the inner ring of the second bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the number of the hydraulic support rods and the corresponding spiral anchor bolts is 2-4.

[0012] A method for using a drilling stand for ensuring smooth blasting effect of a roadbed comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1: First, lay out on the construction platform, mark the drilling position and the inclination angle of the drilling, remove the drilling positioning tube on the drilling stand, align the axis of the drilling positioning tube with the positioning hole, start the motor to screw the anchor rods at both ends of the drilling positioning tube into both sides of the positioning hole for initial positioning;

[0014] S2: Calculate the size difference of the anchor bolts at both ends according to the inclination angle of the layout drilling design. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0015] L2=L1*tan|α-90°|;

[0016] L2: The size difference of the anchor bolts at both ends;

[0017] L1: distance between the anchor rods at both ends;

[0018] α: angle between the borehole and the slope;

[0019] S3: According to the size difference of the screw-in anchor rods at both ends calculated by S2, the contact position of any anchor rod with the slope is set to 0 scale, and the screw-in depth of the other anchor rod is adjusted according to the calculated L2 to accurately locate the drilling position and inclination angle;

[0020] S4: Push the gantry base into place, screw the spiral anchor bolt into the ground to stabilize the gantry base by external force, then adjust the hydraulic support rod to make the positioned drilling positioning tube and the drill bit limit tube on the adjustment plate consistent in height, then adjust the cylinder piston rod to make the flange on the drill bit limit tube butt with the flange of the drill bit positioning tube, and then connect the two flanges with bolts;

[0021] S5: Rotate the drill bit of the down-the-hole drill through the drill bit guide tube to reach the marked positioning hole, fix the head of the down-the-hole drill on the down-the-hole drill fixture on the adjustment plate, and then start drilling;

[0022] S6: Unscrew the drill bit of the down-the-hole drill out of the drill guide tube, start the negative pressure fan to clean the slag, and complete the drilling.

[0023] Furthermore, in S1, the method for aligning the axis of the drilling positioning tube with the positioning hole is to insert a vertical rod into the positioning hole, and initially adjust the rod into position according to the inclination angle so that the rod is inserted into the axis of the drilling positioning tube.

[0024] Furthermore, the rod is provided with a thread matched with the first bearing in the drilling positioning tube, so that the rod can be screwed in and out of the drilling positioning tube.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] The drilling rig provided by the present invention is provided with walking wheels at the bottom of the rig base, which is easy to move and does not require the erection of a steel frame. It can effectively shorten the engineering period and speed up engineering construction. A hydraulic support rod is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the base, and the lower end of the hydraulic support rod is rotatably connected with a spiral anchor bolt through a bearing. The hydraulic support rod can adjust the height of the rig base according to the position where the hole needs to be drilled, and the spiral anchor bolt can be screwed into the ground by external force to stabilize the rig base. Oil cylinders are fixed at both ends of the top of the base platform, and the piston rods of the two oil cylinders are connected to an adjusting plate through the ejection of the piston rods. The inclination angle of the adjusting plate is adjusted by adjusting the different ejection heights of the front and rear oil cylinders. A down-the-hole drill fixture is provided at one end of the adjusting plate, and correspondingly, The adjusting plate is provided with a sliding track that cooperates with the down-the-hole drill fixture, so that the electric part of the down-the-hole drill can be fixed through the down-the-hole drill fixture. A drill guide tube is provided at the other end of the adjusting plate, which is generally made of a steel pipe. The drill bit of the down-the-hole drill passes through the drill guide tube. The drill bit is aligned with the position to be drilled by adjusting the hydraulic support rod and the oil cylinder. A bellows is provided at the front end of the drill guide tube, and a dust suction pipe is connected to the bellows. The dust suction pipe is externally connected to a negative pressure fan, so as to realize timely removal of ash and slag. A coaxial second bearing is also fixed at the front end of the rotating motor, and the anchor rod is fixedly penetrated through the inner ring of the second bearing to further stabilize the positioning effect of the anchor rod.

[0027] The drill guide tube includes a drill limit tube fixed on the adjustment plate, and a drilling positioning tube detachably connected to the drill limit tube through a flange, a first bearing is fixed inside the drilling positioning tube, the inner ring of the first bearing and the down-the-hole drill bit are provided with matching screw-in threads, and rotating motors are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer end of the drilling positioning tube, the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to an anchor rod, and the anchor rod is marked with size scales.

[0028] When in use, first remove the drilling positioning tube, mark the drilling position and the inclination angle of the drilling according to the layout position, align the axis of the drilling positioning tube with the positioning hole, start the motor to screw the anchor rod into both sides of the positioning hole for initial positioning, and then fine-tune the screw-in depth of the upper and lower anchor rods according to the required inclination angle. The specific screw-in depth can be calculated according to the scale on the anchor rod, and the inclination angle of the drilling is adjusted by the different screw-in depths of the anchor rods at both ends. Because the anchor rods at both ends of the drilling positioning tube always remain parallel to the drilling positioning tube, the drill bit part of the down-the-hole drill connected to the bearing thread in the drilling positioning tube also always remains parallel to the anchor rods at both ends of the drilling positioning tube. Therefore, the inclination angle of the anchor rod positioning is the inclination angle of the drilling. After positioning the inclination angle, use an additional bolt to lock the anchor rod to avoid displacement. Then push the gantry base into place, first use external force to screw the spiral anchor bolt into the ground to stabilize the gantry base, then adjust the hydraulic support rod to make the positioned drilling positioning tube and the drill limit tube on the adjusting plate consistent in height, then adjust the cylinder piston rod to adjust the inclination angle of the adjusting plate, so that the flange on the drill limit tube is butted against the flange of the drill positioning tube, and then connect the two flanges with bolts. At this time, the drill limit tube is concentric and coaxial with the drill positioning tube, the drill part of the down-the-hole drill rotates through the drill guide tube to the marked positioning hole, fix the head part of the down-the-hole drill on the down-the-hole drill fixture on the adjusting plate, and then start drilling, which can achieve accurate drilling position and drilling angle, and effectively ensure the smooth surface blasting effect of the roadbed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is an internal cross-sectional view of the drilling positioning tube in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] 1. Base platform, 2. Outriggers, 3. Travel wheels, 4. Hydraulic support rods, 5. Screw anchor bolts, 6. Cylinders, 7. Down-the-hole drill fixtures, 8. Drill guide tubes, 9. Bellows, 10. Drill limit tubes, 11. Flanges, 12. Drilling positioning tubes, 13. First bearings, 14. Rotating motors, 15. Anchor rods, 16. Second bearings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] The drilling rig provided by the present invention is provided with walking wheels 3 at the bottom of the rig base, which is easy to move and does not require the erection of a steel frame. It can effectively shorten the project period and speed up the project construction. A hydraulic support rod 4 is provided on the inner side of the bottom of the base. The lower end of the hydraulic support rod 4 is rotatably connected with a spiral anchor bolt 5 through a bearing. The hydraulic support rod 4 can adjust the height of the rig base according to the position where the hole needs to be drilled. The spiral anchor bolt 5 can be screwed into the ground by external force to stabilize the rig base. Cylinders 6 are fixedly provided at both ends of the top of the base platform 1. The piston rods of the two cylinders 6 are connected to an adjusting plate through the ejection. The tilt angle of the adjusting plate is adjusted by adjusting the different ejection heights of the front and rear cylinders 6. A down-the-hole drill fixture 7 is provided at one end of the adjusting plate. A sliding track is provided to cooperate with the down-the-hole drill fixture 7, and the electric part of the down-the-hole drill can be fixed through the down-the-hole drill fixture 7. A drill guide tube 8 is provided at the other end of the adjustment plate, which is generally made of a steel pipe. The drill bit of the down-the-hole drill passes through the drill guide tube 8. The drill bit is aligned with the position to be drilled by adjusting the hydraulic support rod 4 and the cylinder 6. A bellows 9 is provided at the front end of the drill guide tube 8, and a dust suction pipe is connected to the bellows 9. The dust suction pipe is externally connected to a negative pressure fan, so that ash can be removed in time. A coaxial second bearing 16 is also fixed at the front end of the rotating motor 14, and the anchor rod 15 is fixedly penetrated through the inner ring of the second bearing 16 to further stabilize the positioning effect of the anchor rod 15.

[0034] The drill guide tube 8 includes a drill stop tube 10 fixed on the adjustment plate, and a drilling positioning tube 12 detachably connected to the drill stop tube 10 through a flange 11. A first bearing 13 is fixed inside the drilling positioning tube 12. The inner ring of the first bearing 13 and the down-the-hole drill bit are provided with matching screw-in threads. Rotating motors 14 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer end of the drilling positioning tube 12. Anchor rods 15 are connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor 14. Size scales are marked on the anchor rods 15 for easy angle adjustment. When cleaning slag, the drill bit of the down-the-hole drill is unscrewed from the drill guide tube 8, the negative pressure fan is started, and the dust in the hole can be cleaned, which is convenient and fast, and improves construction efficiency.

[0035] To use, follow these steps:

[0036] S1: first, lay out on the construction platform, mark the drilling position and the inclination angle of the drilling, insert a vertical rod into the positioning hole, preliminarily adjust the rod into place according to the inclination angle, remove the drilling positioning tube 12 on the drilling stand, align the axis of the drilling positioning tube 12 with the positioning hole, start the motor to screw the anchor rods 15 at both ends of the drilling positioning tube 12 into both sides of the positioning hole for initial positioning;

[0037] The rod is provided with a thread matched with the first bearing 13 in the drilling positioning tube 12 , so that the rod can be screwed in and out of the drilling positioning tube 12 .

[0038] S2: Calculate the size difference of the anchor rods 15 at both ends according to the inclination angle of the layout drilling design. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0039] L2=L1*tan|α-90°|;

[0040] Wherein, L2: the dimension difference of the screw-in of the anchor rods 15 at both ends;

[0041] L1: distance between the anchor rods 15 at both ends;

[0042] α: Angle between the borehole and the slope.

[0043] The sizes of the drill guide tubes 8 corresponding to down-the-hole drills of different specifications are inconsistent, so the corresponding L1 is inconsistent. The size difference of the screw-in of the anchor rods at both ends can be calculated by the above formula.

[0044] S3: According to the size difference of the screwed-in anchor rods 15 at both ends calculated in S2, the contact position of any anchor rod 15 with the slope is set to 0 scale, and the screw-in depth of the other anchor rod 15 is adjusted according to the calculated L2, and the position and inclination angle of the drilling are accurately located. Since the preliminary determination has been made in S1, only fine-tuning is required in this step, and precise control can be achieved by controlling the speed of the servo motor.

[0045] The inclination angle of the drilling is adjusted by screwing in different depths of the anchor rods 15 at both ends, because the anchor rods 15 at both ends of the drilling positioning tube 12 always remain parallel to the drilling positioning tube 12, and the drill bit part of the down-the-hole drill connected to the drilling positioning tube 12 by the bearing thread also always remains parallel to the anchor rods 15 at both ends of the drilling positioning tube 12. Therefore, the inclination angle of the anchor rod 15 is the inclination angle of the drilling. After the inclination angle is positioned, the anchor rod 15 is locked with an additional bolt to avoid deviation.

[0046] S4: Push the gantry base into place, screw the spiral anchor bolt 5 into the ground to stabilize the gantry base by external force, then adjust the hydraulic support rod 4 so that the positioned drilling positioning tube 12 is consistent with the height of the drill bit limiting tube 10 on the adjustment plate, then adjust the piston rod of the oil cylinder 6 so that the flange 11 on the drill bit limiting tube 10 is butted against the flange 11 of the drill bit positioning tube, and then connect the two flanges 11 by bolts;

[0047] S5: Rotate the drill bit of the down-the-hole drill through the drill bit guide tube 8 to reach the marked positioning hole, fix the head of the down-the-hole drill on the down-the-hole drill fixture 7 on the adjustment plate, and then start drilling.

[0048] S6: The drill bit of the down-the-hole drill is screwed out of the drill bit guide tube 8, and the negative pressure fan is started to remove slag. After the drilling is completed, the dust in the hole can be cleaned, which is convenient and fast, and the construction efficiency is improved.

[0049] The use of a small drilling rig can ensure that the blasthole aperture is controlled within a smaller range, which is conducive to the control of the smooth blasting effect. Through the comparison of the before and after smooth blasting construction, the use of this equipment and method plays a great role in forming a good smooth blasting effect.

[0050] It is worth noting that the above are only embodiments of the present invention. It can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention to obtain other embodiments. Other implementation examples should also be within the scope of protection of the present invention within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a drilling rig for ensuring smooth blasting effect of roadbed, characterized in that: The drilling rig includes a rig base consisting of a base platform and legs, a walking wheel is provided at the bottom of the rig base, a plurality of hydraulic struts are provided on the inner side of the bottom of the base, the lower ends of the hydraulic struts are rotatably connected to spiral anchor bolts through bearings, oil cylinders are fixed at both ends of the top of the base platform, the piston rods of the oil cylinders are pushed out and connected to an adjusting plate, a movable down-the-hole drill fixture is provided at one end of the adjusting plate, and a drill guide tube is provided at the other end, a bellows is provided at the front end of the drill guide tube, a dust suction pipe is connected to the bellows, a negative pressure fan is externally connected to the dust suction pipe, and the drill guide tube includes a fixed A drill bit limiting tube on the plate, and a drilling positioning tube detachably connected to the drill bit limiting tube through a flange, a first bearing is fixed inside the drilling positioning tube, the inner ring of the first bearing and the down-the-hole drill bit are provided with a matching screw-in thread, a rotating motor is symmetrically fixed on both sides of the outer end of the drilling positioning tube, the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to an anchor rod, and the anchor rod is marked with a size scale; a coaxial second bearing is also fixed at the front end of the rotating motor, and the anchor rod is fixedly penetrated through the inner ring of the second bearing; the number of the hydraulic support rod and the corresponding spiral anchor bolt is 2-4, and the use method includes the following steps: S1: First, lay out on the construction platform, mark the drilling position and the inclination angle of the drilling, remove the drilling positioning tube on the drilling stand, align the axis of the drilling positioning tube with the positioning hole, start the motor to screw the anchor rods at both ends of the drilling positioning tube into both sides of the positioning hole for initial positioning; S2: Calculate the size difference of the anchor bolts at both ends according to the inclination angle of the layout drilling design. The calculation formula is as follows: L2=L1*tan|α-90°|; L2: The size difference of the anchor bolts at both ends; L1: distance between the anchor rods at both ends; α: angle between the borehole and the slope; S3: According to the size difference of the screw-in anchor rods at both ends calculated by S2, the contact position of any anchor rod with the slope is set to 0 scale, and the screw-in depth of the other anchor rod is adjusted according to the calculated L2 to accurately locate the drilling position and inclination angle; S4: Push the gantry base into place, screw the spiral anchor bolt into the ground to stabilize the gantry base by external force, then adjust the hydraulic support rod to make the positioned drilling positioning tube and the drill bit limit tube on the adjustment plate consistent in height, then adjust the cylinder piston rod to make the flange on the drill bit limit tube butt with the flange of the drill bit positioning tube, and then connect the two flanges with bolts; S5: Rotate the drill bit of the down-the-hole drill through the drill bit guide tube to reach the marked positioning hole, fix the head of the down-the-hole drill on the down-the-hole drill fixture on the adjustment plate, and then start drilling; S6: Unscrew the drill bit of the down-the-hole drill out of the drill guide tube, start the negative pressure fan to clean the slag, and complete the drilling.

2. The method for using the drilling rig for ensuring smooth blasting effect of roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating motor is a servo motor, model SM80-024-30LFB.

3. The method for using the drilling rig for ensuring smooth blasting effect of roadbed according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the method for aligning the axis of the drilling positioning tube with the positioning hole is to insert a vertical rod into the positioning hole, and initially adjust the rod into position according to the inclination angle so that the rod is inserted into the axis of the drilling positioning tube.

4. The method for using the drilling rig for ensuring smooth blasting effect of roadbed according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rod is provided with a thread matched with the first bearing in the drilling positioning tube, so that the rod can be screwed in and out of the drilling positioning tube.

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