Automatic train unhooking device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of railway traffic auxiliary equipment, and provides an automatic unhooking device for trains, comprising: a large-angle clamping mechanism, an unhooking rotating mechanism, a rotating lifting mechanism and a large arm pitching mechanism; the large-angle clamping mechanism comprises: a left clamp, a right clamp, a fixed pin shaft, a clamp connecting seat, a clamp oil cylinder, a clamp frame, a clamp push-out oil cylinder, and a push-out oil cylinder seat; the cylinder body of the clamp push-out oil cylinder is arranged on the push-out oil cylinder seat, and the piston rod of the clamp push-out oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the clamp frame; a fixed pin shaft is arranged on the clamp frame; the cylinder body of the clamp oil cylinder is arranged on the clamp frame, and the piston rod of the clamp oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the clamp connecting seat; the left clamp and the right clamp are respectively hinged on the clamp connecting seat; the left clamp and the right clamp are hinged on the fixed pin shaft and extend from the clamp frame. The present invention has a high degree of automation, reduces the work intensity of workers, and improves work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of railway traffic auxiliary equipment, and in particular to an automatic train unhooking device. Background Art

[0002] Before unloading, transshipment or reorganization of train carriages, the carriages need to be separated first. This work currently requires manual operation of the train hook to separate the train carriages. At present, the train turning system is a fully automatic turning system, and manual operation of the train hook is required online, which poses a great safety hazard. At the same time, the unhooking work with manual participation is difficult to connect with the turning system, which not only reduces the stability of the train unloading system, but also greatly reduces the unloading efficiency.

[0003] Existing hook removal technology: 1. The existing hook removal equipment is large in size and cannot be used for hook removal in the narrow space of adjacent carriages; 2. The existing hook removal equipment has insufficient opening and closing force and opening and closing angle of the hook lifting rod, and often cannot separate the carriages; 3. The existing hook removal equipment requires the train to stop at a fixed position before the hook removal operation is performed, which cannot match the current unloading system; 4. Due to the long-term manual operation of the train hook lifting rod, the hook lifting rod undergoes local bending and deformation, and the existing hook removal cannot grab the hook lifting rod and complete the hook removal; 5. When the carriage is stopped, there is a phenomenon that the hook is stretched or compressed and stuck. The existing hook removal equipment performs the hook removal operation on the hook lifting rod, and even if the hook lifting rod is rotated and deformed, it cannot complete the operation of separating the carriages. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention mainly solves the above technical problems and proposes an automatic train unhooking device to realize automatic unhooking of a train hook lifting rod, which has a high degree of automation, reduces the work intensity of workers and improves work efficiency.

[0005] The present invention provides an automatic train unhooking device, comprising: a large-angle clamping mechanism, an unhooking rotating mechanism, a rotating lifting mechanism and a large arm pitching mechanism;

[0006] The large-angle clamping mechanism comprises: a left clamp (1), a right clamp (2), a fixed pin shaft (3), a clamp connecting seat (4), a clamp oil cylinder (5), a clamp frame (10), a clamp pushing-out oil cylinder (8), and a pushing-out oil cylinder seat (23);

[0007] The cylinder body of the clamp pushing-out cylinder (8) is arranged on the pushing-out cylinder seat (23); the piston rod of the clamp pushing-out cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the clamp frame (10); and a fixed pin shaft (3) is arranged on the clamp frame (10);

[0008] The cylinder body of the clamp oil cylinder (5) is arranged on the clamp frame (10), and the piston rod of the clamp oil cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the clamp connecting seat (4); the left clamp (1) and the right clamp (2) are respectively hinged on the clamp connecting seat (4); the left clamp (1) and the right clamp (2) are hinged on the fixed pin shaft (3) and extend out of the clamp frame (10);

[0009] The large-angle clamping mechanism is connected to the hook-removing rotating mechanism, and the two ends of the hook-removing rotating mechanism are respectively connected to the rotating lifting mechanism, and the rotating lifting mechanism is installed on the boom pitching mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the hook-removing rotating mechanism comprises: a rotating central axis (12), a tension balance spring (13), a counterweight balance frame (14), and a rotating fixed seat (15);

[0011] A counterweight balancing frame (14) is arranged on the rotating central shaft (12), and the counterweight balancing frame (14) is fixedly connected to the ejection cylinder seat (23);

[0012] Two tension balance springs (13) are arranged between the counterweight balance frame (14) and the push-out oil cylinder seat (23), and the two tension balance springs (13) are arranged at two ends of the push-out oil cylinder seat (23) respectively;

[0013] A rotating fixed seat (15) is arranged outside the rotating central axis (12).

[0014] Preferably, the rotary lifting mechanism comprises: a balancing lifting cylinder (16), a lifting rotating shaft (18) and a lifting cylinder connecting seat (24);

[0015] The cylinder body of the balancing lifting cylinder (16) is installed on the boom pitching mechanism via a lifting rotating shaft (18) and a lifting cylinder connecting seat (24);

[0016] The piston rod of the balance lifting oil cylinder (16) is connected to the hook-off rotating mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, an anti-overturning spring (17) is provided on the balancing lifting cylinder (16).

[0018] Preferably, a tilt adjustment mechanism is provided on the large tilt angle clamping mechanism;

[0019] The tilt angle adjustment mechanism comprises: a torsion central axis (9), a torsion telescopic spring and a rotating frame (11);

[0020] The rotating frame (11) is fixed on the clamp frame (10), a torsion center axis (9) is arranged on the rotating frame (11), and a torsion telescopic spring is arranged on the torsion center axis (9).

[0021] Preferably, the boom pitch mechanism comprises: a steel structure rotating main boom (19), a pitch cylinder (20), a platform bracket (21), and a hook opening detection sensor (22);

[0022] The platform bracket (21) is used to connect with the tractor (25) of the unloading system, a pitch cylinder (20) is fixed on the platform bracket (21), and a steel structure rotating main arm (19) is hinged on the platform bracket (21);

[0023] The piston rod of the pitch oil cylinder (20) is fixedly connected to the steel structure rotating main arm (19);

[0024] A rotating lifting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the steel structure rotating main arm (19);

[0025] The hook opening detection sensor (22) is arranged at the front end of the steel structure rotating main arm (19).

[0026] Preferably, a proximity sensor (6) is arranged on the clamp frame (10).

[0027] Preferably, a clamp ejection guide rod (7) is connected to the ejection cylinder seat (23) and the rotating frame (11).

[0028] The present invention provides an automatic train unhooking device, which realizes the clamping of the hook rod and automatic unhooking through a large-angle clamping mechanism, a hook unhooking rotating mechanism, a rotating lifting mechanism and a large-arm pitching mechanism. It can meet complex working conditions, has a high degree of automation, reduces the work intensity of workers, improves work efficiency, and improves the stability of the operation of the train unloading system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic train unhooking device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Middle AA section view;

[0031] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the large-angle clamping mechanism, hook-removing rotating mechanism and rotating lifting mechanism provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the large-angle clamping mechanism, hook-removing rotating mechanism and rotating lifting mechanism provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the large-angle clamping mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6It is a structural schematic diagram of the hook-removing rotating mechanism and the rotating lifting mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure numerals: 1. Left clamp; 2. Right clamp; 3. Fixed pin; 4. Clamp connecting seat; 5. Clamp cylinder; 6. Proximity sensor; 7. Clamp push-out guide rod; 8. Clamp push-out cylinder; 9. Torsion center axis; 10. Clamp frame; 11. Rotation frame; 12. Rotation center axis; 13. Tension balance spring; 14. Counterweight balance frame; 15. Rotation fixed seat; 16. Balance lifting cylinder; 17. Anti-overturning spring; 18. Lifting rotating axis; 19. Steel structure rotating main arm; 20. Pitch cylinder; 21. Platform bracket; 22. Hook opening detection sensor; 23. Push-out cylinder seat; 24. Lifting cylinder connecting seat; 25. Towing machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems solved by the present invention, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, rather than all the contents.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic train unhooking device provided by the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view. Figure 1-2 As shown, the automatic train unhooking device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: a large-angle clamping mechanism, an unhooking rotating mechanism, a rotating lifting mechanism and a boom pitching mechanism.

[0038] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the large-angle clamping mechanism, hook-removing rotating mechanism and rotating lifting mechanism provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 (3D); Figure 4 The structure diagram of the large-angle clamping mechanism, hook-removing rotating mechanism and rotating lifting mechanism provided by the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 (main view); Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the large-angle clamping mechanism provided by the present invention. Figure 3-5As shown, the large-angle clamping mechanism includes: a left clamp 1, a right clamp 2, a fixed pin shaft 3, a clamp connection seat 4, a clamp cylinder 5, a clamp frame 10, a clamp push-out cylinder 8, and a push-out cylinder seat 23; the cylinder body of the clamp push-out cylinder 8 is arranged on the push-out cylinder seat 23, and the piston rod of the clamp push-out cylinder 8 is fixedly connected to the clamp frame 10; the clamp frame 10 is provided with a fixed pin shaft 3; the cylinder body of the clamp cylinder 5 is arranged on the clamp frame 10, and the piston rod of the clamp cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the clamp connection seat 4; the clamp frame 10 is composed of side plates on both sides of the fixed pin shaft 3 and a bottom plate connecting the side plates on both sides, and the cylinder body of the clamp cylinder 5 is fixed to the bottom plate of the clamp frame 10. The left clamp 1 and the right clamp 2 are respectively hinged on the clamp connection seat 4; the left clamp 1 and the right clamp 2 are hinged on the fixed pin shaft 3 and extend out from the clamp frame 10. The piston rod of the clamp push-out cylinder 8 extends and retracts, which can drive the large-angle clamping mechanism to extend and retract. The clamp push-out guide rod 7 is connected to the push-out cylinder seat 23 and the rotating frame 11. The clamp push-out guide rod 7 guides when the clamp push-out cylinder 8 performs the push-out action. The piston rod of the clamp cylinder 5 extends and retracts to drive the clamp connecting seat 4 to extend. The clamp connecting seat 4 drives the left clamp 1 and the right clamp 2 to open and clamp under the axial restriction of the fixed pin 3. In addition, a proximity sensor 6 is set on the clamp frame 10. The proximity sensor 6 can detect the train hook rod. After detecting that it is in place, it stops and locks the action of the clamp push-out cylinder 8.

[0039] The large-angle clamping mechanism is connected to the hook-removing rotating mechanism, and both ends of the hook-removing rotating mechanism are respectively connected to the rotating lifting mechanism, and the rotating lifting mechanism is installed on the boom pitching mechanism.

[0040] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hook-removing rotating mechanism and the rotating lifting mechanism provided by the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the hook-off rotating mechanism comprises: a rotating central axis 12, a tension balance spring 13, a counterweight balance frame 14, and a rotating fixed seat 15; the rotating central axis 12 is provided with a counterweight balance frame 14, and the counterweight balance frame 14 is fixedly connected to the push-out cylinder seat 23; two tension balance springs 13 are provided between the counterweight balance frame 14 and the push-out cylinder seat 23, and the two tension balance springs 13 are respectively provided at the two ends of the push-out cylinder seat 23; and a rotating fixed seat 15 is provided outside the rotating central axis 12. The rotating central axis 12 rotates, and the push-out cylinder seat 23 can be driven to rotate around the rotating central axis 12 through the counterweight balance frame 14, thereby driving the large-angle clamping mechanism to rotate as a whole.

[0041] The rotating lifting mechanism includes: a balancing lifting cylinder 16, a lifting rotating shaft 18 and a lifting cylinder connecting seat 24; the cylinder body of the balancing lifting cylinder 16 is installed on the boom pitching mechanism through the lifting rotating shaft 18 and the lifting cylinder connecting seat 24. Specifically, the lifting rotating shaft 18 is arranged on the cylinder body of the balancing lifting cylinder 16, and the lifting rotating shaft 18 is installed on the steel structure rotating main arm 19 of the boom pitching mechanism through the lifting cylinder connecting seat 24; the lifting rotating shaft 18 can make the balancing lifting cylinder 16 rotate around it. The piston rod of the balancing lifting cylinder 16 is connected to the unhooking rotating mechanism, specifically connected to the rotating fixed seat 15 of the unhooking rotating mechanism. In addition, an anti-overturning spring 17 is arranged on the balancing lifting cylinder 16, one end of the anti-overturning spring 17 is connected to the balancing lifting cylinder 16, and the other end is connected to the steel structure rotating main arm 19.

[0042] The large-angle clamping mechanism is provided with an inclination adjustment mechanism; the inclination adjustment mechanism comprises: a torsion center axis 9, a torsion telescopic spring and a rotating frame 11; the rotating frame 11 is fixed to the clamp frame 10, the torsion center axis 9 is provided on the rotating frame 11, and the torsion telescopic spring is provided on the torsion center axis 9. When the clamp is clamping the train hook rod, the torsion center axis 9 and the rotating frame 11 are rotated to adapt to the deformation angle of the train hook rod.

[0043] The boom pitch mechanism includes: a steel structure rotating main arm 19, a pitch cylinder 20, a platform bracket 21, and a hook opening detection sensor 22; the platform bracket 21 is used to connect with the tractor 25 of the unloading system, the pitch cylinder 20 is fixed on the platform bracket 21, and the steel structure rotating main arm 19 is hinged on the platform bracket 21; the piston rod of the pitch cylinder 20 is fixedly connected to the steel structure rotating main arm 19; the front end of the steel structure rotating main arm 19 is provided with a rotating lifting mechanism. The hook opening detection sensor 22 is provided at the front end of the steel structure rotating main arm 19. The piston rod of the pitch cylinder 20 is extended to drive the steel structure rotating main arm 19 to rotate from a vertical state to a horizontal state.

[0044] In this embodiment, the proximity sensor 6, the hook opening detection sensor 22 and other electrical components are uniformly controlled by the PLC of the unloading system. The clamp cylinder 5, the clamp push cylinder 8, the balance lifting cylinder 16 and the pitch cylinder 20 are respectively connected to the oil source and supplied with oil by the oil source.

[0045] The working principle of the automatic train unhooking device provided by the present invention is as follows: the platform bracket 21 is fixed to the tractor 25 in the unloading system, the pitch cylinder 20 and the steel structure rotating main arm 19 are fixed to the platform bracket 21, and the large-angle clamping mechanism, the unhooking rotating mechanism and the rotating lifting mechanism are fixed to the front section of the steel structure rotating main arm 19; in the unloading system, the tractor 25 is docked with the train coupler. When the automatic train unhooking device starts working, the pitch cylinder 20 performs a pushing action to rotate the steel structure rotating main arm 19 from a vertical state to a horizontal state (such as Figure 2 ); the clamp oil cylinder 5 is pushed out, driving the clamp connecting seat 4, and under the axial restriction condition of the fixed pin shaft 3 and the clamp frame 10, the left clamp 1 and the right clamp 2 are in the maximum open state; the clamp push-out cylinder 8 performs a push-out action, so that the large-angle clamping mechanism and the hook-off rotating mechanism move as a whole along the guide direction of the clamp push-out guide rod 7; the proximity sensor 6 detects the train hook lifting rod, and stops and locks the clamp push-out cylinder 8 after detecting that it is in place, and the clamp oil cylinder 5 contracts, driving the clamp connecting seat 4, between the fixed pin shaft 3 and Under the axial restriction condition of the clamp frame 10, the left clamp 1 and the right clamp 2 are combined, so that the clamp clamps the train hook rod; in the process of the clamp clamping the train hook rod, the torsion center axis 9 rotates to adapt to the deformation angle of the train hook rod; the two balancing lifting cylinders 16 are pushed out at the same time, so that the large-angle clamping mechanism and the hook-off rotating mechanism are lifted, and the balancing lifting cylinder 16 can rotate around the lifting rotating axis 18; the counterweight balancing frame 14 drives the clamp part to rotate under the action of the rotating center axis 12 The clamp as a whole moves in an arc around the rotation center of the train hook rod, and the train hook rod moves from the initial vertical state to the nearly horizontal open state, realizing the state of separation of the train carriages; the unhooking detection sensor 22 determines whether the carriages are separated by detecting the unhooking state position of the train hook; after the train hook is separated normally, the balance lifting cylinder 16 is retracted, and after the cylinder is retracted to the right position, the clamp cylinder 5 is pushed out, so that the left clamp 1 and the right clamp 2 are opened, and after the clamp is opened, the clamp push-out cylinder 8 performs a contraction action, driving the clamp as a whole to be retracted; this process is to return the hook rod from the open state to the vertical initial state of the hook rod to ensure that the steel structure rotating main arm 19 does not interfere with the hook rod during the rotation process; the anti-overturning spring 17, the tension balance spring 13, and the counterweight balance frame 14 are all to ensure the balance state of the entire clamp after it is separated from the hook rod; after the hook rod is reset, the pitch cylinder 20 is retracted, driving the steel structure rotating body 19 to reset to the initial state of the automatic unhooking device, completing a train unhooking action.

[0046] In response to the first situation where the train coupler cannot be separated: a pressure sensor is configured in the oil circuit system of the balancing lifting cylinder 16. When the oil pressure in the hydraulic system is higher than the set value of the pressure sensor during the pushing out of the balancing lifting cylinder 16, the balancing lifting cylinder 16 performs a contraction action for 0.2s, and then performs a pushing out action for 0.2s. After the contraction and pushing out action of the balancing lifting cylinder 16 is repeated twice, the subsequent hook removal action is performed; the operation of shaking the hook lifting rod is realized during the rotation of the hook lifting rod; this process is based on the actual operation on site. When the train car is stopped, the hook lifting rod may be stuck. Shaking the hook lifting rod during the hook removal process can solve this problem.

[0047] Processing of the second situation where the train coupler cannot be separated: after executing the action of the first situation where the train coupler cannot be separated, when the train hook lever cannot be opened; the automatic hook removal system judges through the feedback value of the pressure sensor in the hydraulic system that is too high and the feedback of the signal of the unhooking detection sensor 22 that is not in place, and then executes the system operation process of the second situation; the system operation process of the second situation is as follows: the balance lifting cylinder 16 contracts for 0.2s, and the traction machine connected to the automatic train hook removal device of this embodiment is actuated, and the traction machine is instantaneously started for 0.5s to drive the carriage to move forward, and the traction machine stops after 0.5s; at the same time as the traction machine is started, an action instruction is issued to this set of automatic hook removal system, and the balance lifting cylinder 16 starts to execute the action of pushing out and subsequent hook removal; this process is based on the actual operation on site, and the scene where the lifting rod cannot be rotated due to excessive tension between the train couplers, the instantaneous start of the traction machine drives the train to move, which can change the force between the train couplers, and the lifting rod can be smoothly rotated at this time.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifying the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replacing some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents, does not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A train automatic unhooking device, characterized in that: include: Large-angle clamping mechanism, hook-removing and rotating mechanism, rotating and lifting mechanism, and boom pitching mechanism; The large-angle clamping mechanism comprises: a left clamp (1), a right clamp (2), a fixed pin shaft (3), a clamp connecting seat (4), a clamp oil cylinder (5), a clamp frame (10), a clamp pushing-out oil cylinder (8), and a pushing-out oil cylinder seat (23); The cylinder body of the clamp pushing-out cylinder (8) is arranged on the pushing-out cylinder seat (23); the piston rod of the clamp pushing-out cylinder (8) is fixedly connected to the clamp frame (10); and a fixed pin shaft (3) is arranged on the clamp frame (10); The cylinder body of the clamp oil cylinder (5) is arranged on the clamp frame (10), and the piston rod of the clamp oil cylinder (5) is fixedly connected to the clamp connecting seat (4); the left clamp (1) and the right clamp (2) are respectively hinged on the clamp connecting seat (4); the left clamp (1) and the right clamp (2) are hinged on the fixed pin shaft (3) and extend out of the clamp frame (10); The large-angle clamping mechanism is connected to the hook-removing rotating mechanism, and both ends of the hook-removing rotating mechanism are respectively connected to the rotating lifting mechanism, and the rotating lifting mechanism is installed on the boom pitching mechanism.

2. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook-removing rotating mechanism comprises: a rotating central axis (12), a tension balance spring (13), a counterweight balance frame (14), and a rotating fixed seat (15); A counterweight balancing frame (14) is arranged on the rotating central shaft (12), and the counterweight balancing frame (14) is fixedly connected to the ejection cylinder seat (23); Two tension balance springs (13) are arranged between the counterweight balance frame (14) and the push-out oil cylinder seat (23), and the two tension balance springs (13) are arranged at two ends of the push-out oil cylinder seat (23) respectively; A rotating fixed seat (15) is arranged outside the rotating central axis (12).

3. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary lifting mechanism comprises: a balancing lifting cylinder (16), a lifting rotating shaft (18) and a lifting cylinder connecting seat (24); The cylinder body of the balancing lifting cylinder (16) is installed on the boom pitching mechanism via a lifting rotating shaft (18) and a lifting cylinder connecting seat (24); The piston rod of the balance lifting oil cylinder (16) is connected to the hook-off rotating mechanism.

4. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An anti-overturning spring (17) is arranged on the balance lifting oil cylinder (16).

5. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large-angle clamping mechanism is provided with an inclination adjustment mechanism; The tilt angle adjustment mechanism comprises: a torsion central axis (9), a torsion telescopic spring and a rotating frame (11); The rotating frame (11) is fixed on the clamp frame (10), a torsion center axis (9) is arranged on the rotating frame (11), and a torsion telescopic spring is arranged on the torsion center axis (9).

6. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boom pitch mechanism comprises: a steel structure rotating main boom (19), a pitch cylinder (20), a platform bracket (21), and a hook opening detection sensor (22); The platform bracket (21) is used to connect with the tractor (25) of the unloading system, a pitch cylinder (20) is fixed on the platform bracket (21), and a steel structure rotating main arm (19) is hinged on the platform bracket (21); The piston rod of the pitch oil cylinder (20) is fixedly connected to the steel structure rotating main arm (19); A rotating lifting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the steel structure rotating main arm (19); The hook opening detection sensor (22) is arranged at the front end of the steel structure rotating main arm (19).

7. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A proximity sensor (6) is arranged on the clamp frame (10).

8. The automatic train unhooking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A clamp pushing-out guide rod (7) is connected to the pushing-out oil cylinder seat (23) and the rotating frame (11).

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