A 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with metal oscillators

Abstract

The present invention discloses a 5G full-band printed logarithmic periodic antenna loaded with metal vibrators, including a dielectric plate, on which a plurality of printed vibrators arranged in a logarithmic periodic manner are arranged, a small hole penetrating the printed dielectric plate is provided at the end of each printed vibrator, and a metal vibrator is inserted in each small hole; the length of the printed vibrators is reduced, and the shortened size decreases in a certain proportion as the order of the printed vibrators increases, the length of the metal vibrators is consistent with the reduced size of the printed vibrators, and they are arranged in the same logarithmic period as the printed vibrators, and the printed vibrators and the metal vibrators together form a new antenna vibrator, which is changed from the original planar printed dielectric plate to a form in which the printed dielectric plate and air loading coexist. The present invention simultaneously reduces the length and width of the printed dielectric plate, and can greatly retain the electrical performance of the antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of 5G communications, and in particular to a 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal vibrator. Background Art

[0002] At present, 5G network deployment has become a hot spot for new infrastructure. The communication frequency bands of 5G include 450MHz to 6GHz of FR1 and 24GHz to 52GHz of FR2. If you want to maintain a certain antenna gain and cover the full frequency band of 5G at the same time, the logarithmic periodic antenna is undoubtedly the best choice. The well-known printed logarithmic periodic antenna is an antenna that is independent of the frequency band, that is, a broadband antenna, which consists of several symmetrical oscillators. Under certain gain conditions, if you want to maintain a wider bandwidth, you must sacrifice the size of the antenna, which makes the antenna too large and difficult to install and use.

[0003] The size of the printed log-periodic antenna is determined by four parameters: the minimum frequency operating wavelength, the maximum frequency operating wavelength, the spacing factor, and the proportional factor. The arm length, arm width, and spacing of the antenna's vibrator are all determined by the above four parameters, and as the number of vibrators increases, the arm length and arm width of the vibrator gradually shorten with the proportional factor, and the spacing of the vibrators gradually shortens with the spacing factor. For a given frequency range, the minimum frequency operating wavelength and the maximum frequency operating wavelength are fixed. The width of the printed medium plate can only be shortened by bending the printed vibrator, but the length of the printed medium plate cannot be reduced; for the proportional factor and spacing factor, if the values ​​of the two are small, it will affect the radiation performance of the antenna.

[0004] Therefore, the traditional method of reducing the size cannot take into account both the electrical performance and the size of the antenna. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the problem of large size of existing printed 5G full-band log-periodic antennas, the present invention provides a 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal vibrator, which can not only greatly reduce the length and width of the printed medium plate, but also better preserve the electrical performance of the antenna.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A 5G full-band printed logarithmic periodic antenna loaded with a metal vibrator, comprising a dielectric plate, a plurality of printed vibrators arranged in a logarithmic periodic pattern on the dielectric plate, a small hole penetrating the printed dielectric plate is provided at the end of each printed vibrator, and a metal vibrator is inserted into each small hole;

[0008] The lengths of the printed vibrators are all shortened, and the shortened size decreases in a certain proportion as the order of the printed vibrators increases. The lengths of the metal vibrators are consistent with the shortened size of the printed vibrators, and are arranged in the same logarithmic period as the printed vibrators. The printed vibrators and the metal vibrators together constitute a new antenna vibrator, which changes from the original flat printed medium plate to a form in which a printed medium plate and air loading coexist.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the metal vibrator makes up for the reduced length of the printed vibrator, and the length of the printed vibrator on the printed medium plate is reduced while the total length of the antenna vibrator remains unchanged, thereby reducing the width of the printed plate.

[0010] The spacing between the printed vibrators is related to the length of the printed vibrators. The reduction in the length of the printed vibrators on the printing medium plate reduces the spacing between the printed vibrators, thereby reducing the length of the printing medium plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the length of the printed vibrator is calculated using the following formula:

[0012] L n+1 =L n ·τ (1)

[0013] Ln is the length of the nth oscillator, and τ is the proportional factor;

[0014] The spacing between printed oscillators is calculated using the following formula:

[0015] D n =2·L n ·σ (2)

[0016] Dn is the distance between the nth oscillator and the previous oscillator, Ln is the length of the nth oscillator, and σ is the spacing factor;

[0017] The width of the printed vibrator is calculated using the following formula:

[0018] W n+1 =W n ·τ (3)

[0019] Wn is the width of the nth oscillator, and τ is the scale factor.

[0020] Furthermore, the dielectric plate is trapezoidal, and the upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate are printed in parallel with upper and lower collection lines of the same size. The left ends of the upper and lower collection lines are flush with the top edge of the dielectric plate as feeding points, and the right ends are at a certain distance from the bottom edge of the dielectric plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a through hole is left at the rightmost end of the upper and lower collective lines, which passes through the dielectric plate. Its height is consistent with the thickness of the dielectric plate and its diameter is consistent with the upper collective line. A solid aluminum cylinder is embedded in the through hole to connect the upper and lower collective lines.

[0022] Furthermore, the printed vibrators and the metal vibrators are arranged alternately up and down and left and right on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate and on the left and right sides of the upper and lower layer collection lines.

[0023] Furthermore, the printed oscillators on the upper layer of the dielectric plate are connected to the collective lines on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the printed oscillators on the lower layer of the dielectric plate are connected to the collective lines on the lower layer of the dielectric plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the printed vibrators located on the same horizontal line and respectively connected to the upper layer collection lines and the lower layer collection lines have the same size, and the metal vibrators respectively connected thereto have the same size.

[0025] Further, the ratio between adjacent printed vibrators on different horizontal lines is a constant value and is called a proportional factor;

[0026] The ratio between the metal oscillators it connects is a constant and is called the proportional factor.

[0027] Furthermore, copper is deposited in the small holes and penetrates the dielectric plate, and the metal vibrator inserted in the small holes is an aluminum metal vibrator, and the diameter of the metal vibrator is consistent with the corresponding printed vibrator.

[0028] The beneficial technical effects achieved by adopting the above technical solution are:

[0029] The length of the metal vibrator of the 5G full-band printed logarithmic periodic antenna loaded with metal vibrators makes up for the reduced length of the printed vibrator. While the total length of the antenna vibrator remains unchanged, the length of the printed vibrator on the printed medium board is reduced, and the width of the printed board is reduced; the spacing between the printed vibrators is related to the length of the printed vibrators. The reduction in the length of the printed vibrators on the printed medium board reduces the spacing between the printed vibrators, thereby reducing the length of the printed medium board. After the improvement, the electrical performance of the antenna can also be better preserved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A top view of a 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with metal oscillators.

[0031] Figure 2 Side view of the 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with metal oscillators.

[0032] Figure 3 A three-dimensional image of a 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator.

[0033] Figure 4 This is the corresponding curve diagram for the values ​​of τ and σ.

[0034] In the figure, 1, dielectric plate, 2, upper collection line;

[0035] 3. Printed oscillator one, 4. Printed oscillator four, 5. Printed oscillator five, 6. Printed oscillator eight, 7. Printed oscillator nine, 8. Printed oscillator twelve, 9. Printed oscillator thirteen, 10. Printed oscillator two, 11. Printed oscillator three, 12. Printed oscillator six, 13. Printed oscillator seven, 14. Printed oscillator ten, 15. Printed oscillator eleven, 16. Printed oscillator fourteen;

[0036] 17. Metal Vibrator One, 18. Metal Vibrator Four, 19. Metal Vibrator Five, 20. Metal Array Eight, 21. Metal Array Nine, 22. Metal Array Twelve, 23. Metal Array Thirteen, 24. Metal Vibrator Two, 25. Metal Vibrator Three, 26. Metal Array Six, 27. Metal Array Seven, 28. Metal Array Ten, 29. Metal Array Eleven, 30. Metal Array Fourteen;

[0037] 31. through hole, 32. lower layer assembly line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Combined with Figures 1 to 4 The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described as follows:

[0039] A 5G full-band printed logarithmic periodic antenna loaded with a metal vibrator comprises a dielectric plate on which a plurality of printed vibrators arranged in a logarithmic periodic manner are arranged.

[0040] Each printed oscillator of the printed logarithmic periodic antenna is shortened, and the shortened size decreases at a certain ratio as the order of the printed oscillator increases, and this ratio is consistent with the scale factor of the logarithmic periodic antenna. A small hole is punched through the printed medium plate at the end of each printed oscillator, and the diameter of each small hole is consistent with the width of its printed oscillator. Then a metal oscillator is inserted into each small hole. The diameter of the metal oscillator is consistent with the small hole, and the length is consistent with the shortened size of the printed oscillator, and it is arranged in the same logarithmic period as the printed oscillator. In this way, the printed oscillator and the metal oscillator together constitute a new antenna oscillator.

[0041] The length of the printed vibrator that has been reduced is compensated by loading a metal vibrator. In this way, the length of the printed vibrator on the printed medium board can be reduced while the total length of the antenna vibrator remains unchanged, thereby reducing the width of the printed board. At the same time, because the spacing between the printed vibrators is related to the length of the printed vibrators, the reduction in the length of the printed vibrators on the printed medium board leads to a reduction in the spacing between the printed vibrators, thereby reducing the length of the printed medium board. This makes the antenna change from the original flat printed medium board to a form in which the printed medium board and air loading coexist.

[0042] The length of the printed vibrator is calculated using the following formula:

[0043] L n+1 =L n ·τ (1)

[0044] Ln is the length of the nth oscillator, and τ is the proportional factor;

[0045] The spacing between printed oscillators is calculated using the following formula:

[0046] D n =2·L n ·σ (2)

[0047] Dn is the distance between the nth oscillator and the previous oscillator, Ln is the length of the nth oscillator, and σ is the spacing factor;

[0048] The width of the printed vibrator is calculated using the following formula:

[0049] W n+1 =W n ·τ (3)

[0050] Wn is the width of the nth oscillator, and τ is the scale factor.

[0051] Taking air loading as an example, the longest oscillator calculation formula for the frequency band from 1 GHz to 3 GHz is as follows:

[0052] L=C / F (4)

[0053] Among them, L is the length of the oscillator, C is the speed of light and F is the frequency, so the longest oscillator L1 = 300mm, and the shortest oscillator Ln = 100mm.

[0054] According to the length of the printed vibrator, L is calculated by formula (1) n+1 =L n·τ, here the proportional factor τ is 0.8, that is: L1=300mm, L2=240mm, L3=192mm, L4=153.6mm, L5=122.88mm, L6=98mm, 98mm is close to the shortest vibrator 100mm, so 98mm is taken as the shortest vibrator. At this time, the order N is also determined to be N=6.

[0055] According to the spacing between printed oscillators, D is calculated by formula (2) n =2·L n ·σ, where σ is 0.1, then D1=60D2=48……

[0056] The width of the vibrator can be designed by yourself or calculated according to the formula. Usually, the width of the nth vibrator is Wn = π*Ln / 36. The values ​​of τ and σ are based on the following formula: Figure 4 shown.

[0057] Of course, it is not necessary to follow Figure 4 , appropriate scaling factors and spacing factors can be formulated according to the well-known techniques in the communication field.

[0058] The dielectric plate is trapezoidal, and the upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate are printed with upper and lower collection lines of the same size in parallel. The left ends of the upper and lower collection lines are flush with the top edge of the dielectric plate as feeding points, and the right ends are kept a certain distance from the bottom edge of the dielectric plate.

[0059] A through hole is left at the rightmost end of the upper and lower collective lines. The through hole passes through the dielectric plate. Its height is consistent with the thickness of the dielectric plate and its diameter is consistent with the upper collective line. A solid aluminum cylinder is embedded in the through hole to connect the upper and lower collective lines.

[0060] The printed vibrators and the metal vibrators are arranged alternately on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate and on the left and right sides of the upper and lower layer collection lines.

[0061] The printed oscillator on the upper layer of the dielectric plate is connected to the collection line on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the printed oscillator on the lower layer of the dielectric plate is connected to the collection line on the lower layer of the dielectric plate.

[0062] The printed vibrators located on the same horizontal line and respectively connected to the upper layer collection line and the lower layer collection line have the same size, and the metal vibrators respectively connected thereto have the same size.

[0063] The ratio between adjacent printed vibrators on different horizontal lines is a constant and is called the proportional factor; the ratio between the metal vibrators to which they are connected is a constant and is called the proportional factor.

[0064] Copper is deposited in the small holes and penetrates the dielectric plate. The metal vibrator inserted in the small holes is an aluminum metal vibrator, and the diameter of the metal vibrator is consistent with the corresponding printed vibrator.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the dielectric plate 1 is trapezoidal, the upper layer collection line 2 is printed on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 1, and the left side is flush with the dielectric plate 1, and the right side is at a certain distance from the dielectric plate 1. The lower layer collection line 32 is printed on the lower layer of the dielectric plate 1, and the size and position are consistent with the upper layer collection line 2. A through hole 31 is left at the rightmost end of each of the upper layer collection line 2 and the lower layer collection line 32, and the through hole 31 passes through the dielectric plate 1, the height is consistent with the thickness of the dielectric plate 1, and the diameter is consistent with the upper layer collection line 2. A solid aluminum cylinder is embedded in the through hole 31, and the size of the cylinder is consistent with the size of the through hole 31.

[0066] Printed vibrator one 3, printed vibrator three 11, printed vibrator five 5, printed vibrator seven 13, printed vibrator nine 7, printed vibrator eleven 15, and printed vibrator thirteen 9 are printed on the upper layer of the dielectric plate 1 and connected to the upper layer collection line 2.

[0067] Printed vibrator 2 10 , printed vibrator 4 4 , printed vibrator 6 12 , printed vibrator 8 6 , printed vibrator 10 14 , printed vibrator 12 8 , and printed vibrator 14 16 are printed on the lower layer of the dielectric plate 1 and connected to the lower layer collection line 32 .

[0068] There is a hole at the end of the printed vibrator, in which copper is deposited and passes through the dielectric plate 1, and an aluminum metal vibrator is inserted in the hole. The diameter of the metal vibrator is consistent with the corresponding printed vibrator, and the metal vibrator 17 is the same size as the metal vibrator 24, the metal vibrator 18 is the same size as the metal vibrator 25, the metal vibrator 19 is the same size as the metal vibrator 26, the metal vibrator 20 is the same size as the metal vibrator 27, the metal vibrator 21 is the same size as the metal vibrator 28, the metal vibrator 22 is the same size as the metal vibrator 29, and the metal vibrator 23 is the same size as the metal vibrator 30.

[0069] The ratio of the size of printed vibrator 1 and printed vibrator 2 to the size of printed vibrator 3 and printed vibrator 4 is a constant and is called the proportional factor. The ratio of the size of metal vibrator 1 and metal vibrator 2 to the size of metal vibrator 3 and metal vibrator 4 is a constant and is called the proportional factor. Similarly, the ratio between adjacent printed vibrators on different horizontal lines is a constant and is called the proportional factor; the ratio between the metal vibrators connected to them is a constant and is called the proportional factor.

[0070] The printed oscillator and the metal array are connected together by soldering, and the combined length is consistent with the length of the corresponding radiating oscillator of the traditional log-periodic antenna.

[0071] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms printed vibrator one, printed vibrator two, ... metal vibrator one, metal vibrator two, ... are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0073] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. It should be noted that all equivalent substitutions and obvious deformation forms made by any technician familiar with the field under the guidance of this specification fall within the essential scope of this specification and should be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A 5G full-band printed logarithmic periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator, characterized in that: The invention comprises a dielectric plate, on which a plurality of printed oscillators are arranged in a logarithmic period, a small hole penetrating the printed dielectric plate is provided at the end of each printed oscillator, and a metal oscillator is inserted in each small hole; The lengths of the printed vibrators are all shortened, and the shortened size decreases at a certain ratio as the order of the printed vibrators increases. The length of the metal vibrator is consistent with the shortened size of the printed vibrator, and is arranged in the same logarithmic period as the printed vibrator. The printed vibrator and the metal vibrator together form a new antenna vibrator, which changes from the original flat printed medium plate to a form in which the printed medium plate and air loading coexist. The length of the metal vibrator makes up for the shortened length of the printed vibrator. When the total length of the antenna vibrator remains unchanged, the length of the printed vibrator on the printed medium plate is shortened, thereby reducing the width of the printed plate. The spacing between the printed vibrators is related to the length of the printed vibrators. The reduction of the length of the printed vibrators on the printing medium plate reduces the spacing between the printed vibrators, thereby reducing the length of the printing medium plate. The dielectric plate is trapezoidal, and the upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate are printed with upper and lower collection lines of the same size in parallel. The left ends of the upper and lower collection lines are flush with the top edge of the dielectric plate as feeding points, and the right ends are kept a certain distance from the bottom edge of the dielectric plate.

2. According to claim 1, a 5G full-band printed logarithmic periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator is characterized in that: The length of the printed vibrator is calculated using the following formula: ； Ln is the length of the nth oscillator, τ is the scale factor; The spacing between printed oscillators is calculated using the following formula: ； Dn is the distance between the nth oscillator and the previous oscillator, Ln is the length of the nth oscillator, σ is the spacing factor; The width of the printed vibrator is calculated using the following formula: ； W is the width of the nth oscillator, τ is the scale factor.

3. The 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole is left at the rightmost end of the upper and lower collective lines, which passes through the dielectric plate. Its height is consistent with the thickness of the dielectric plate and its diameter is consistent with the upper collective line. A solid aluminum cylinder is embedded in the through hole to connect the upper and lower collective lines.

4. The 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printed vibrators and the metal vibrators are arranged alternately up and down and left and right on the upper and lower layers of the dielectric plate and on the left and right sides of the upper and lower layer collection lines.

5. A 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printed oscillators on the upper layer of the dielectric plate are connected to the collection lines on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the printed oscillators on the lower layer of the dielectric plate are connected to the collection lines on the lower layer of the dielectric plate.

6. The 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The printed vibrators respectively connected to the upper layer collection lines and the lower layer collection lines and located on the same horizontal line have the same size, and the metal vibrators respectively connected thereto have the same size.

7. The 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ratio between the printed vibrators is a constant and is called a proportional factor; the ratio between the metal vibrators to which they are connected is a constant and is called a proportional factor.

8. The 5G full-band printed log-periodic antenna loaded with a metal oscillator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Copper is deposited in the small holes and penetrates the dielectric plate. The metal vibrator inserted in the small holes is an aluminum metal vibrator, and the diameter of the metal vibrator is consistent with the corresponding printed vibrator.

Images