A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole, comprising a manhole body and a manhole cover arranged at the upper end of the manhole body, a sealing partition is arranged inside the well body, and the inside of the well body is divided into a sewage chamber and an equipment chamber, a liquid level sensor, a vacuum sewage valve and a first pneumatic controller are installed in the equipment chamber, a vent is arranged at the upper end of the manhole cover, a ventilation and sewage discharge device connected to the vent, a second pneumatic controller for driving the ventilation and sewage discharge device, a pressure relief device and a water collection and drainage device for discharging condensed water in the equipment chamber are arranged in the equipment chamber; the present invention can ensure that the internal core components, the liquid level sensor, the vacuum sewage discharge valve and the first pneumatic controller, work reasonably and effectively, and can also ensure reasonable ventilation inside the vacuum well, and solve the problems of sewage detection and sewage discharge on the manhole cover, avoiding excessive energy consumption and the risk of misoperation or paralysis of internal equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic transportation system, the vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic transportation system is a vacuum well system, which has a temporary sewage collection tank that uses a vacuum sewage valve for periodic sewage discharge, and can transport the sewage in its sewage collection tank to the downstream vacuum collection pipeline network, and is controlled by a control device using a pressure difference drive control method. Since the ventilation function is the main function of the relevant equipment in the vacuum well system, ventilation inside the vacuum well must be achieved. The present invention particularly relates to a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well. Background Art

[0002] Generally, in the field of liquid or sewage collection technology, it is a well-known technology to use vacuum technology to collect liquid or sewage. It is also a relatively advanced technology in the field of vacuum domestic sewage collection. Its main working principle is based on the vacuum or negative pressure airflow transmission principle that inhales air at one end and discharges air at the other end. The pipe can transport domestic sewage (such as black water represented by wastewater sources such as urinals and toilets, and gray water represented by wastewater sources such as kitchens, washing and bathing) from buildings (such as rural bungalows, tile houses, buildings, cement houses, villas, and urban residential buildings, high-rise buildings, and mansions) to a distant sewage pool or vacuum collection and transportation pipeline system; the typical technical solution to realize this application scenario is to use a temporary sewage storage Liquid tank; the sewage storage tank has an inlet connected to the sewage outlet of the building, and a sewage suction port connected to the vacuum sewage conveying pipeline (or vacuum source, vacuum sewage tank, etc.), and a vacuum sewage valve (or vacuum valve, main valve) connecting the sewage suction port and the vacuum sewage conveying pipeline; the vacuum sewage valve has a control system or device, and its basic operating process is that when the sewage water level in the storage tank reaches a first preset value (or high water level value), the controller applies vacuum force to the vacuum sewage valve to suck away and empty the sewage, until the sewage water level in the sewage tank drops to another preset value (low water level value) The control system closes the vacuum sewage valve; therefore, this technical solution is defined as a vacuum sewage continuous collection, temporary storage and periodic transportation system, that is, a vacuum well system.

[0003] Due to technological development and deepening understanding of functions and needs, vacuum wells began to be equipped with pneumatic controllers. Initially, the pneumatic controllers did not actively ventilate. For example, the U.S. invention patent with patent number US3998736 uses a vacuum well whose technical feature is that the vacuum drain valve and pneumatic controller are located in an independent equipment chamber outside the sewage chamber of the vacuum well, and both use sealed manhole covers to ensure that the equipment chamber and the sewage chamber will not be affected by ground sewage, especially heavy rain. However, with the development of technology, vacuum wells have been transformed from the initial non-ventilated technical method to an active ventilation solution. Since the vacuum well equipment cavity is set as a sealed and dry environment to prevent sewage from entering the pneumatic controller, there are two main ways to use the vacuum well equipment cavity for direct ventilation: one is the ventilation pipe ventilation near the vacuum well, which is to configure the vent or pipeline outside the manhole cover; the second is the manhole cover ventilation, which requires the manhole cover to have ventilation holes. Considering that the manhole cover is to prevent the ground from passing various vehicles and even heavy rain, this requires the manhole cover ventilation to solve the problem of sewage detection and drainage on the manhole cover while doing a good job of ventilation, so as to realize automatic detection and automatic ventilation and drainage, and finally realize automatic control of the vacuum well.

[0004] As is known to all, the inside of the vacuum well is divided into an equipment chamber and a sewage chamber by a partition. The pneumatic controller and the vacuum drain valve are both arranged in the equipment chamber. The ventilation function is the main function of the pneumatic controller and the vacuum drain valve in the vacuum well, which requires a large amount of air for reliable operation. There are three known ventilation schemes for the pneumatic controller and the vacuum drain valve for the vacuum well:

[0005] 1. The most representative technical solution is the sewage chamber ventilation vacuum well:

[0006] U.S. patents No. US469173 and US5570715 provide a new sump-vented method for ventilating a sewage chamber in a vacuum well, i.e., a ventilation pipe arranged near a building, integrated with a gravity sewage collection pipe and above the ground, wherein the gravity sewage collection pipe is used to collect sewage from the building into a vacuum well by gravity flow. Although the sump-vented method for ventilating a sewage chamber (or sewage tank, sewage chamber) in a vacuum well omits the ground ventilation facilities near the vacuum well, there are still many problems, such as high cost and poor functionality. The scheme requires additional pipes to connect the sewage chamber with the vacuum drain valve and its controller. In some cases, sewage will also enter the controller and the vacuum drain valve, causing product damage and requiring repair. What is more serious is that the air from the sewage chamber below the vacuum well is often humid and sometimes hot and humid, so that condensation is generated in the ventilation pipe, thereby affecting the use of the valve and the controller.

[0007] The European Union patent with patent number EP0990743A2 shows that by configuring a ventilation interface on the sealing partition between the sewage chamber and the equipment chamber in the vacuum well, a float level valve is installed therein, which usually allows air circulation between the upper and lower chambers. When the sewage reaches above the high water level, the vent is closed to prevent sewage from entering the upper chamber. This solution solves the existing problems of the prior art to a certain extent, but it is well known that sewage contains a large amount of impurities. The impurities in the sewage enter the float assembly, which not only corrodes the float and the rubber seal, but also the impurities in the sewage adhere to the mating surface of the plug, which will cause the on-off function of the float level valve to fail, resulting in functional failure; and because the embodiment of the scheme is to avoid the cost of customizing the manhole cover, a non-sealed traditional manhole cover (with vents and pipelines) is used, so that the water on the ground can enter the upper chamber and pollute the controller. More seriously, although the scheme is equipped with a total vent filter, the inlet of the filter is upward, which will further cause the collection of condensed water and enter the pipeline.

[0008] 2. Another technical solution is the equipment cavity ventilation vacuum well:

[0009] Specifically, it is a technical solution of ventilation pipe ventilation near the vacuum well. The well-known representative technical solutions are EU Patent EP0519523A2 and U.S. Patent No. US5570715, which provide a new vacuum well pneumatic controller and a method for ventilation near the vacuum well cover; the technical solution of ventilation pipe ventilation near the vacuum well is mainly characterized by a sealed manhole cover, and a ventilation pipe is arranged near the manhole cover. The inlet of the ventilation pipe is located above the ground and has a distance from the ground to prevent sewage from entering. The outlet of the ventilation pipe is located in the vacuum well equipment cavity, and is connected to the air inlet of the pneumatic controller through an air pipe, rather than directly connecting the outlet of the ventilation pipe with the vacuum well equipment cavity.

[0010] 3. The last technical solution is the manhole cover ventilation vacuum well:

[0011] The manhole cover ventilation technology solution is a technology solution that uses traditional non-sealed manhole covers for ventilation. The existing problems are also very typical, such as the problem of ground water accumulation, especially in flood and rainstorm weather, sewage enters the vacuum well equipment cavity, which will cause the failure of the pneumatic controller, and then cause the vacuum well equipment to be paralyzed; however, the vacuum well collects wastewater generated by residents' daily living water, mainly from kitchen and bathroom sewage. If the kitchen and bathroom sewage cannot be emptied in time, then the unusable vacuum well will seriously affect the convenience of residents' daily life; however, due to the short-term development of technology in China, the technical accumulation is relatively weak, and it is particularly not optimistic overall. The more representative patent technology analysis is as follows:

[0012] (1) Known technologies: Chinese invention patent CN105507410B, a sewage vacuum collection and treatment system; Chinese invention patent CN105484351B, a sewage collection and automatic discharge well; Chinese utility model patent CN208379743U, a sewage collection and automatic discharge well. The technical solutions adopted by the inventions are similar, and basically use a mechanical electronic controller, a liquid level sensor composed of a sensing tube and a sensing valve, a collection tank, a sealed well cover, and a gravity sewage collection inlet pipe layout method; wherein the electronic controller is located in a control column installed independently of the vacuum well on the ground, the liquid level sensor is a mechanical or electronic liquid level sensor, such as a float level gauge, and the collection tank is located at the bottom to shield the sludge and collect sewage, thereby reducing the impact on the sensing tube in the liquid level sensor to a certain extent.

[0013] The above technical solutions have the following problems: the lever component in the float level gauge is easily affected by impurities in the sewage, such as hair entanglement causing the lever to fail to move, so its reliability is poor, and the spare manual sewage pipe increases the cost of the product and reduces reliability; the existence of the filter screen increases the flow resistance of sewage with impurities, especially the second scheme divides the vacuum collection well sewage pool into two independent chambers and uses the filter screen to filter the sewage. These measures are not conducive to the sewage in the sewage chamber carrying gas, liquid and solid impurities in the sewage under the power of gravity flow to flow into the suction port and be discharged into the vacuum conveying pipeline network, and are even more unfavorable for automatic processing and control. More seriously, since the well cover is sealed, the vacuum sewage valve needs to further inhale a certain amount of air after emptying the sewage in the sewage chamber to achieve gas-liquid mixing in the best proportion, which is conducive to the high-speed transportation of the subsequent sewage in the vacuum well; however, since the technical solution cannot replenish the additional required air from the wellhead in a timely and effective manner, the air pressure above the sewage in the vacuum well is less than the atmospheric pressure, which will affect the action of the liquid level and air pressure sensor, and even cause the controller to operate incorrectly, thereby affecting the use of the vacuum well. Moreover, the presence of electrical components also reduces the reliability of the equipment, especially the air in the vacuum wells buried underground is mostly dark and humid, which greatly reduces the battery life. In addition, the subsequent maintenance and replacement of the product are extremely troublesome.

[0014] (2) Known technology: Chinese invention patent CN102121271B, for a water well in a vacuum drainage system, adopts a technical solution that uses an electronic controller, a liquid level sensor consisting of an induction tube and an induction valve, a collection tank, a sealed manhole cover, and a horizontal sewage collection inlet pipe layout method; wherein the electronic controller is located in a control column installed independently from the vacuum well on the ground, the liquid level sensor is a mechanical or electronic liquid level sensor, and the collection tank is located at the bottom to shield sludge and collect sewage, thereby reducing the impact on the induction tube in the liquid level sensor to a certain extent.

[0015] The problems with this technical solution are that some electrical components in the single-chip microcomputer controller and the electrical liquid level sensor are easily affected by sewage and fail, and the battery as a power source needs to be replaced on time. The wiring is troublesome and costly when the mains is used as a power source. More importantly, the configuration of electricity and power sources increases safety hazards and costs, the labor intensity of maintenance, and it is easy to cause electric shock, especially during inspection and maintenance and in the case of man-made damage. The control column protruding from the ground occupies installation space, affects the appearance of the city, affects road traffic, and is in danger of being damaged by vehicle collision. The existence of the collection tank is not conducive to the entry of air into the sewage collection pipeline system, reduces the efficiency of sewage transportation, and thus increases the operating cost of the vacuum sewage transportation system. The horizontal sewage collection inlet pipeline layout method is used to guide the sewage from the building to the sewage cavity below the vacuum well with a pipe. Although the pipe layout efficiency is high, it will cause a large back pressure in the vacuum well water inlet pipeline, a low water flow rate, and easy blockage.

[0016] (3) Known technology: Chinese utility model patent CN208777412U, fiberglass modular vacuum collector, adopts a technical solution of using an electronic controller, a liquid level pressure sensor, a sealed manhole cover, a horizontal sewage collection inlet pipe layout method, and a split vacuum well structure; wherein the electronic controller is located in a control column installed independently of the vacuum well on the ground; modular structure, and the equipment cavity and the sewage cavity are sealed; split vacuum well structure, the main structural feature of the vacuum well is that it has a bottom-mounted sewage collection tank that uses a vacuum drain valve for periodic sewage discharge, and an equipment tank located above the collection tank for storing equipment such as the vacuum drain valve, and the collection tank and the equipment tank can be coaxial integrated or split, or non-coaxial integrated or split.

[0017] The problems with this technical solution are:

[0018] First, some electrical components in the single-chip controller are easily affected by sewage and fail, and the battery as a power source needs to be replaced on time. The wiring of the mains as a power source is troublesome and costly. More importantly, the configuration of electricity and power supply increases safety hazards and costs, the labor intensity of maintenance, and it is easy to cause electric shock, especially during inspection and maintenance and in the case of human damage;

[0019] Secondly, the control column protruding from the ground takes up installation space, affects the appearance of the city, affects road traffic, and is in danger of being damaged by vehicle collisions.

[0020] Thirdly, the sealing design of the equipment cavity and the sewage cavity seems to be conducive to preventing the sewage in the sewage cavity from entering the equipment cabin, and the equipment cabin is clean and fresh; however, the consequence of this is that it is not conducive to the air entering the sewage collection pipeline system through the sewage suction port, realizing the essence of the vacuum conveying technology of three-phase gas-liquid-solid turbulent conveying of air, sewage and solid waste, reducing the efficiency of sewage conveying, and thus increasing the operating cost of the vacuum sewage conveying system;

[0021] Fourth, the horizontal sewage collection inlet pipe layout method is used to guide the sewage from the building to the sewage cavity below the vacuum well with a pipe. Although the pipe layout efficiency is high, it will cause the vacuum well water inlet pipe to have a large back pressure, a low water flow rate, and easy blockage;

[0022] Fifth, the split vacuum well structure is complex and expensive, especially the sewage chamber is blocked, and it is inconvenient to disassemble and repair; more seriously, the sewage collection tank has a small capacity, which leads to frequent startup of the vacuum well and shortened life of the controller and vacuum drain valve.

[0023] (4) Known technology: Chinese invention patent application CN108488443A, a liquid level pneumatic control valve and a corresponding negative pressure drainage system and a negative pressure drainage control method, adopts a technical solution of a pneumatic controller using high and low liquid level pressure sensors; wherein there are two high and low liquid level pressure sensors, one for high level liquid level pressure detection and the other for low level pressure detection.

[0024] The problems with this technical solution are: the high and low liquid level pressure sensors take up a large space and are costly; although the pneumatic controller can be adjusted with a delay, it is necessary to disassemble the pneumatic controller to replace two of its springs, and the design is too cumbersome; and the pneumatic controller does not solve the problem of water vapor corrosion on the controller valve core; the controller cannot solve the problem of controller maloperation caused by liquid level fluctuations; the controller cannot solve the problem of pressure fluctuations at the vacuum air intake port caused by pressure fluctuations in the vacuum pipeline when the vacuum valve is opened, which in turn causes the problem of pneumatic controller malfunction; and the controller cannot solve the problem of diagnosing vacuum valve failures during manual inspections without disassembling the pneumatic controller.

[0025] In summary, the common problems existing in the prior art are:

[0026] (1) Vacuum well with sewage chamber ventilation: The gravity flow pipeline is blocked by water due to the existence of the lifting bend, which leads to low ventilation efficiency and even misoperation of the pneumatic controller, increasing the overall energy consumption of the vacuum conveying system, especially when the gravity flow water pipeline is long and has many lifting bends;

[0027] (2) Equipment cavity ventilation vacuum well: The ventilation outlet in the vacuum well equipment cavity is directly connected to the pneumatic controller through an air pipe. The temperature difference between the ground temperature and the temperature in the vacuum well is very large. The technical solution of directly introducing the high-temperature dry air from the ground into the low-temperature and humid environment of the equipment cavity will produce obvious and considerable condensation water in the pipeline and the pneumatic controller chamber, which will eventually lead to failure of the pneumatic controller and corrosion of components, shortening the service life of the controller. In addition, the accumulated water in the pneumatic controller cannot be discharged in a timely and effective manner. At the same time, the high-pressure air isolated under the sealed partition above the sewage cavity causes the change of the high liquid level design pressure value of the liquid level pressure sensor, which will further cause the misoperation of the pneumatic controller.

[0028] Therefore, for a vacuum well based on a manhole cover ventilation type, it is necessary to ensure that the inside of the vacuum well can be well ventilated, and at the same time, the problem of sewage detection and drainage above the manhole cover must be solved, so as to realize automatic detection and automatic ventilation and drainage, and finally realize automatic control of the vacuum well. The present invention has developed a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well to solve the problems existing in the prior art. After searching, no technical solutions identical or similar to the present invention were found. Summary of the invention

[0029] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well to solve the problem in the prior art that the manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well system cannot effectively solve the detection and drainage of sewage above the manhole cover, which causes the equipment in the vacuum well to be easily paralyzed.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is: a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well, comprising a well body and a manhole cover arranged at the upper end of the well body, a sealing partition is arranged inside the well body, and the inside of the well body is divided into a sewage chamber and an equipment chamber, a liquid level sensor, a vacuum sewage valve and a first pneumatic controller are installed in the equipment chamber, a vent is arranged at the upper end of the manhole cover, a ventilation and sewage discharge device connected to the vent and a second pneumatic controller for driving the ventilation and sewage discharge device are arranged in the equipment chamber.

[0031] Preferably, the liquid level sensor is fixed in the equipment cavity, a measuring conduit is provided at the lower end, and the conduit is extended into the sewage cavity for detecting the change of the liquid level, and a sensor interface A is provided at the upper end; the vacuum drain valve is connected with a suction pipeline extending into the sewage cavity and a discharge pipeline extending to the outside of the well body, a vacuum interface A is provided at one end connected to the discharge pipeline, an air interface A is provided on the side wall, and a control interface A is provided at the upper end; the first pneumatic controller is used to receive the signal of the liquid level sensor and control the operation of the vacuum drain valve, an actuator component and a control component are provided inside, and an air inlet A, a condensate interface A, a sensor interface B, and a vacuum interface A are provided on the outer wall Port B, air interface B and control interface B; the air inlet A is used to let in air, and the formed condensed water is discharged from the condensed water interface A after filtering; the sensor interface B is connected to the sensor interface A, and is used to receive the liquid level signal in the sewage chamber transmitted by the liquid level sensor, and drive the control component to drive the execution component to work; the vacuum interface B is connected to the vacuum interface A to form a vacuum; the air interface B is connected to the air interface A to realize the air conversion in the vacuum sewage valve; the control interface B realizes the intermittent introduction of air and vacuum through the work of the execution component, and is connected to the control interface A to drive the opening and closing of the vacuum sewage valve.

[0032] Preferably, the actuator is used to realize intermittent air and vacuum introduction into the control interface B, including a first valve stem, a first seal and a first diaphragm; the control component is connected to the sensor interface B, and is used to drive the actuator to work, including a second valve stem, a second seal and a second diaphragm.

[0033] Preferably, the ventilation and sewage discharge device is fixed on the sealing partition, including a cylinder and a pipe clamp valve connected to the cylinder and used to realize the on-off of the cylinder; the cylinder and the pipe clamp valve together form a main flow channel connected to the sewage chamber, a side flow channel connected to the upper and lower ends of the main flow channel, and a sensor pipeline connected to the lower end of the side flow channel; a sensor interface C connected to the sensor pipeline is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder, the pipe clamp valve is used to control the on-off of the main flow channel, and a control interface C is provided on the outer wall; the second pneumatic controller is connected to the first pneumatic controller The structure is the same, and the outer wall is provided with an air inlet B, a condensed water interface B, a sensor interface D, a vacuum interface C, an air interface C and a control interface D in sequence; the air inlet B is used to let in air, and the formed condensed water is discharged from the condensed water interface B after filtering; the sensor interface D is connected with the sensor interface C, and is used to receive the liquid level signal in the sensor pipeline; the vacuum interface C is connected with the vacuum interface A, and forms a vacuum; the control interface D is used to intermittently let in air and vacuum, and is connected with the control interface C to drive the opening and closing of the tube clamp valve.

[0034] Preferably, the tube clamp valve is provided with a hose connected to the main channel and a pair of clamping assemblies for opening and closing the hose. A closed cavity connected to the control interface C is formed between the outer wall of the hose and the pair of clamping assemblies. The opening and closing of the pair of clamping assemblies is achieved by intermittently introducing air and vacuum through the control interface C.

[0035] Preferably, a pair of the clamping assemblies are disposed on both sides of the hose, including a third diaphragm and a clamp connected to the third diaphragm, and opposite end faces of the pair of clamps are parallel and are used for relative movement to clamp the hose.

[0036] Preferably, a pressure relief device is also provided in the equipment cavity, and the pressure relief device is fixed on a sealing baffle, and is provided with a pressure relief pipeline connected to the sewage cavity and a sealing component for controlling the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline; the pressure relief pipeline is connected to the sewage cavity, and a gas connecting port and a liquid connecting port are also provided at the upper end; the gas connecting port is connected to the air inlet A and the air inlet B, and is used to introduce air into the first pneumatic controller and the second pneumatic controller respectively.

[0037] Preferably, the installation position of the sealing assembly is connected to the sewage chamber, and the movement is achieved through the change of air pressure in the sewage chamber, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the pressure relief pipeline. Its structure includes a third valve stem, a fourth diaphragm and a third sealing member.

[0038] Preferably, the pressure relief device and the liquid level sensor adopt a combined structural design, the measuring conduit is fixed at the lower end of the pressure relief device, and the upper end extends upward along the inner side of the pressure relief device, and the sensor interface A is fixed at the upper end of the pressure relief device.

[0039] Preferably, a water collection and drainage device is also provided in the equipment cavity, and the water collection and drainage device is fixed on the sealing partition, and is provided with a water collection pipeline and a drainage pipeline inside, and a water collection cavity is provided at the lower end; the water collection pipeline includes a condensate water interface C, a condensate water interface D, and a water collection outlet connected to the condensate water interface C and the condensate water interface D and extending to one end of the water collection cavity; the drainage pipeline includes a water collection inlet and a drainage interface connected to the water collection inlet; the condensate water interface C is connected to the condensate water interface A, and the condensate discharged from the first pneumatic controller flows into the water collection cavity along the water collection pipeline; the condensate water interface D is connected to the condensate water interface B, and the condensate discharged from the second pneumatic controller flows into the water collection cavity along the water collection pipeline; the drainage interface is connected to the liquid connecting port, and is used to discharge the condensate collected in the water collection cavity into the sewage cavity.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0041] (1) The present invention provides a vent hole on the manhole cover to achieve effective ventilation inside the vacuum well, and provides a ventilation and sewage discharge device connected to the vent hole; it avoids the traditional configuration of a ventilation pipeline system near sewage sources and buildings (such as rural bungalows, tile houses, buildings, cement houses, villas, and urban residential buildings, high-rise buildings, and mansions, etc.), and also avoids the ventilation system in the traditional structure of directly opening vent holes on the manhole cover; thereby avoiding the problem of excessive overall energy consumption and easy misoperation of internal equipment in the former, and also avoids the problem of easy paralysis of the latter.

[0042] (2) The core components of the present invention include a first pneumatic controller, a vacuum drain valve and a liquid level sensor, wherein the pneumatic controller adopts an integrated structure with a compact structure, a small number of parts and components, high reliability, and flexible and convenient installation; the vacuum drain valve is mainly used to periodically discharge sewage in the vacuum well into the downstream pipeline network; the liquid level sensor is used to sense the rise and fall of the water level, and when the water level reaches the high liquid level, it is used to drive the pneumatic controller to drive the vacuum drain valve to work; the overall structural design is reliable, the installation method is diverse, and the applicability is stronger.

[0043] (3) A ventilation and sewage discharge device is added to the core main structure, which can not only ensure the reasonable ventilation inside the vacuum well, but also solve the problem of sewage detection and sewage discharge on the well cover. The reasonable cylinder structure design is adopted and used in conjunction with the pipe clamp valve, which can effectively solve the problem of internal sludge precipitation when sewage flows in. Since the well cover is set on the road surface, the accumulated water generated under severe weather conditions contains dust and sludge. If a traditional valve body, such as a ball valve, a sliding valve, a diaphragm valve, etc., is used, it is easy to cause sludge precipitation and blockage, resulting in the inability to discharge sludge, thereby affecting the on-off effect of the pipeline. The present invention adopts a pipe clamp valve, and the hose in the pipe clamp valve is used to form a connection with the main channel. When When the pipe clamp valve is closed, the sludge in the accumulated water settles in the hose. Even if it settles on the hose, when the pipe clamp valve is opened again, relying on gravity and the continuous increase in the diameter of the hose in the open state, the settled sludge can be effectively and smoothly discharged without causing blockage. More importantly, the pipe clamp valve has a good tolerance for silk impurities such as hair, and will not cause the problem of poor closure of the pipe clamp valve. At the same time, the main flow channel formed by the inside of the cylinder and the hose has the same inner diameter, the internal flow resistance is small, and there is no dirt residue. It also reduces the dirt residue on the core components before and after the pipe clamp valve as much as possible, effectively avoiding the corrosion of the pipe clamp valve by residual dirt, thereby increasing its service life.

[0044] (4) When extreme weather occurs, the ventilation and sewage discharge device can prevent the vacuum well from running for a long time, which would cause huge energy consumption and high operating costs, and avoid the complete paralysis of the internal equipment, which would cause high labor costs for repairing the vacuum well, as well as abnormal personnel flow of the maintenance team caused by the huge labor intensity; at the same time, since the accumulated water on the manhole cover can flow into the sewage cavity and be discharged, it is conducive to the timely emptying of a small amount of accumulated water near the manhole cover, avoiding interference with the sidewalk and affecting traffic, and is conducive to a clean and refreshing environment; it is also conducive to avoiding the breeding of mosquitoes and flies and the spread of viruses, and can be committed to building a "green and livable" humanistic ecological environment where "people and nature live in harmony".

[0045] (5) A pressure relief device is also installed in the equipment cavity, and can be integrated with the liquid level sensor to make the structure more compact and occupy less space. At the same time, the reasonable internal structure design is more conducive to the discharge of filamentary solid impurities, avoiding the entanglement of filamentary solid impurities, such as hair and thread ends, between multiple rods, thereby improving the sewage discharge efficiency and reliability.

[0046] (6) The design of the water collection and drainage device facilitates the collection of condensed water from the first pneumatic controller, the second pneumatic controller and the equipment cavity. If the condensed water cannot be discharged in a timely and effective manner and remains in the equipment cavity, it will not be able to meet the working requirements of the various devices in the equipment cavity for a dry environment, thereby greatly reducing the working efficiency and service life of the equipment. Therefore, the water collection and drainage device is used to realize water collection and drainage in the equipment cavity, effectively meeting the dryness of the equipment cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an application scenario of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole described in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to the present invention (including the internal wiring connection method);

[0051] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to the present invention (excluding the internal wiring connection mode);

[0052] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vacuum drain valve of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the first pneumatic controller of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 A structural cross-sectional view of the first pneumatic controller of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a simplified structural diagram of the working principle of the first pneumatic controller of the present invention;

[0056] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the combined structure of the liquid level sensor and the pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.10 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined structure of the liquid level sensor and the pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0058] Fig.11 It is a partial enlarged diagram of the liquid level sensor and the pressure relief device and the internal flow circuit diagram of the present invention;

[0059] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the ventilation and sewage discharge device of the present invention;

[0060] Fig.13 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the ventilation and sewage discharge device of the present invention;

[0061] Fig.14 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the pipe clamp valve of the present invention along the vertical direction;

[0062] Fig.15 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the pipe clamp valve of the present invention along the horizontal direction;

[0063] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the second pneumatic controller of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.17 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the water collection and drainage device of the present invention;

[0065] Fig.18 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the water collection and drainage device of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.19 It is the installation diagram and internal flow line diagram of the water collection and drainage device of the present invention;

[0067] Fig. 20 A wiring diagram of the vacuum drain valve, the first pneumatic controller, the hydraulic sensor and pressure relief device of the combined structure design, the ventilation and drain device, the second pneumatic controller and the water collection and drainage device of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.21 It is an internal flow circuit diagram of the ventilation and sewage discharge device of the present invention when there is no water accumulation above the manhole cover;

[0069] Fig. 22 It is a diagram of the internal flow circuit of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole in the present invention when there is no water accumulation above the manhole cover;

[0070] Fig.23 It is a flow line diagram of the ventilation and sewage discharge device of the present invention in the initial state when a large amount of water is accumulated for a long time above the manhole cover and the pipe clamp valve is not closed;

[0071] Fig.24 It is a flow line diagram of the ventilation and sewage discharge device of the present invention under the internal process state when there is a large amount of persistent water accumulation above the manhole cover and the pipe clamp valve is not closed;

[0072] Fig.25 It is a diagram of the internal flow circuit of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole described in the present invention when a large amount of water is accumulated for a long time above the manhole cover and the pipe clamp valve is not closed;

[0073] Fig.26 It is a diagram of the internal flow circuit of the ventilation and sewage discharge device of the present invention when a large amount of water is accumulated for a long time above the manhole cover and the pipe clamp valve is closed;

[0074] Fig. 27 It is a diagram of the internal flow circuit of a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole described in the present invention when the clamp valve is closed in a state where there is a large amount of persistent water accumulation above the manhole cover;

[0075] Fig.28 It is a flow line diagram of the interior of a manhole cover ventilation vacuum manhole described in the present invention when a pipe clamp valve switches from a closed state to an open state when a large amount of water is accumulated for a long time above the manhole cover;

[0076] Fig.29 It is a diagram of the internal flow circuit of a manhole cover ventilation vacuum manhole according to the present invention when a small amount of water accumulates above the manhole cover;

[0077] Fig.30 This is an internal flow line diagram of a manhole cover ventilation vacuum manhole described in the present invention when there is precipitation in solid form above the manhole cover.

[0078] Among them: 01, sewage source, 02, vacuum collection tank, 03, vacuum pump station, 04, sewage treatment station, 05, well body, 06, well cover, 07, vent, 08, sealing partition, 081, concave cavity, 09, sewage cavity, 010, equipment cavity;

[0079] 1. Vacuum drain valve;

[0080] 11. Vacuum interface A, 12. Air interface A, 13. Control interface A, 14. Drain diaphragm, 15. Suction pipeline, 16. Discharge pipeline;

[0081] 2. The first pneumatic controller;

[0082] 201, first cavity, 202, second cavity, 203, third cavity, 204, fourth cavity, 205, fifth cavity, 206, sixth cavity, 207, air flow channel, 208, filter block;

[0083] 21. Air inlet A, 22. Condensate interface A, 23. Sensor interface B, 24. Vacuum interface B, 25. Air interface B, 26. Control interface B, 27. Actuator component, 28. Control component;

[0084] 271, a first valve stem, 272, a first sealing member, 273, a first diaphragm;

[0085] 281, a second valve stem, 282, a second sealing member, 283, a second diaphragm;

[0086] 3. Liquid level sensor;

[0087] 31. measuring catheter, 32. sensor interface A;

[0088] 4. Pressure relief device;

[0089] 41. pressure relief pipeline, 42. sealing assembly, 43. gas connection port, 44. liquid connection port;

[0090] 421, a third valve stem, 422, a third sealing member, 423, a fourth diaphragm;

[0091] 5. Ventilation and sewage discharge device;

[0092] 51. Cylinder, 52. Clamp valve;

[0093] 511, main flow channel, 512, side flow channel, 513, sensor pipeline, 514, overflow port, 515, throttle port, 516, sensor interface C;

[0094] 521, hose, 522, clamping assembly, 523, closed cavity, 524, control interface C;

[0095] 5221, a third diaphragm, 5222, a chuck;

[0096] 6. Second pneumatic controller;

[0097] 61. Air inlet B, 62. Condensate interface B, 63. Sensor interface D, 64. Vacuum interface C, 65. Air interface C, 66. Control interface D;

[0098] 7. Water collection and drainage device;

[0099] 71. water collection pipeline, 72. drainage pipeline, 73. water collection chamber;

[0100] 711, condensate water interface C, 712, condensate water interface D, 713, water collection outlet;

[0101] 721. Water collection inlet, 722. Drainage interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0103] like Figure 1 As shown, a manhole cover ventilation vacuum manhole, its application scenario is:

[0104] The manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well is set below the ground as a temporary sewage collection and storage device, which transports domestic sewage (such as black water represented by urinals, toilets and other wastewater sources, and gray water represented by kitchen, washing and bathing wastewater sources) from a sewage source 01 (such as rural bungalows, tile houses, buildings, cement houses, villas, and urban residential buildings, high-rise buildings, and mansions) to a distant sewage treatment station 04. A vacuum collection tank 02 and a vacuum pump station 03 are also set between the manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well and the sewage treatment station 04.

[0105] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole comprises a manhole body 05 and a manhole cover 06 arranged on the upper end of the manhole body 05, and a vent hole 07 is arranged on the upper end of the manhole cover 06 to facilitate the ventilation function; a sealing partition 08 is arranged in the horizontal direction inside the manhole body 05, and the inside of the manhole body 05 is divided into a sewage chamber 09 and an equipment chamber 010, so as to achieve dry and wet separation inside the manhole body 05, avoid direct communication of air between the upper and lower chambers, and further ensure the environmental requirements of the equipment in the equipment chamber 010; a vacuum sewage valve 1 and a first air valve 08 are installed in the equipment chamber 010. A pneumatic controller 2, a liquid level sensor 3, a ventilation and drainage device 5 connected to the air vent 07, a second pneumatic controller 6 for driving the ventilation and drainage device 5, a pressure relief device 4, and a water collection and drainage device 7 for discharging condensed water in the equipment cavity 010; wherein the liquid level sensor 3 and the pressure relief device 4 adopt a combined structural design, and the present invention does not make detailed restrictions on its specific installation method, but in this embodiment, the first pneumatic controller 2 is fixed above the vacuum drainage valve 1 by a throat clamp, and the second pneumatic controller 6 is fixed above the water collection and drainage device 7 by a throat clamp.

[0106] Regarding the vacuum drain valve 1, the first pneumatic controller 2, the hydraulic sensor and pressure relief device 4 of the combined structure design, the ventilation and drain device 5, the second pneumatic controller 6, and the water collection and drainage device 7 arranged in the equipment cavity 010 of the present invention, their structures and working principles are now described in detail in turn:

[0107] (1) Vacuum drain valve 1:

[0108] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the vacuum drain valve 1 is connected to a suction pipe 15 extending into the sewage chamber 09 and a discharge pipe 16 extending to the outside of the well body 05. Figure 5 As shown, a vacuum interface A11 is provided at one end connected to the discharge pipeline 16, an air interface A12 is provided on the side wall, a control interface A13 is provided at the upper end, and a deformable sewage discharge diaphragm 14 is provided inside, and the suction pipeline 15 and the discharge pipeline 16 are connected and disconnected through its different deformation states.

[0109] Its working principle is: since the vacuum drain valve 1 needs to be connected to the downstream vacuum pump station 03, the space below the drain diaphragm 14 is in a vacuum state. When the control interface A13 is in a vacuum state, the pressures at the upper and lower ends of the drain diaphragm 14 are the same, and the drain diaphragm 14 will return to a non-deformed state (same as Figure 5 The state shown is opposite to that shown in the figure). At this time, the suction pipe 15 is connected to the discharge pipe 16, and the vacuum drain valve 1 is opened. When air is introduced into the control interface A13, the pressure above the drain diaphragm 14 is greater than the pressure below, and the drain diaphragm 14 will deform (with the Figure 5 The suction pipe 15 and the discharge pipe 16 are disconnected below the sewage discharge diaphragm 14, and the vacuum sewage discharge valve 1 is closed.

[0110] (2) First pneumatic controller 2:

[0111] The first pneumatic controller 2 is used to receive the signal of the liquid level sensor 3 and control the vacuum drain valve 1 to work. Figure 6 As shown, the outer wall is provided with an air inlet A21, a condensed water interface A22, a sensor interface B23, a vacuum interface B24, an air interface B25 and a control interface B26, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, an actuator 27 and a control assembly 28 are provided inside; wherein the actuator 27 is used to realize intermittent introduction of air and vacuum into the control interface B26, and includes a first valve stem 271, a first sealing member 272 and a first diaphragm 273; the control assembly 28 is connected to the sensor interface B23, and is used to drive the actuator 27 to work, and includes a second valve stem 281, a second sealing member 282 and a second diaphragm 283; the air inlet A21 is used to introduce air, and the formed condensed water is discharged from the condensed water interface A22 after being filtered; The sensor interface B23 is connected to the sensor interface A32, and is used to receive the liquid level signal in the sewage chamber 09 transmitted by the liquid level sensor 3, and drive the control component 28 to drive the actuator 27 to work; the vacuum interface B24 is connected to the vacuum interface A11 to form a vacuum; the air interface B25 is connected to the air interface A12 to realize the air conversion in the vacuum sewage valve 1; the control interface B26 realizes the intermittent introduction of air and vacuum through the work of the actuator 27, and is connected to the control interface A13 to drive the opening and closing of the vacuum sewage valve 1.

[0112] Its working principle is: combined with Figure 8 As shown, the first pneumatic controller 2 has a first cavity 201, a second cavity 202, a third cavity 203, a fourth cavity 204, a fifth cavity 205 and a sixth cavity 206 arranged from top to bottom, and an air flow channel 207 is also provided, wherein the third cavity 203 and the fourth cavity 204 are separated by a first diaphragm 273, and the fifth cavity 205 and the sixth cavity 206 are separated by a second diaphragm 283, and the specific internal communication mode is as follows:

[0113] The first cavity 201, the second cavity 202 and the third cavity 203 are connected in the middle, the third cavity 203 and the fourth cavity 204 are connected through a needle valve with adjustable flow, the fourth cavity 204 is connected in the middle of the fifth cavity 205, the air channel 207 is connected to the air inlet A21 and the air interface B25 (the air channel 207 is connected to the outer end), and the air channel 207 is also connected to the first cavity 201 and the fifth cavity 205 (the air channel 207 is connected to the inner end); the control interface B26 is connected to the second cavity 202, the vacuum interface B24 is connected to the third cavity 203, the control interface B26 is connected to the sixth cavity 206, the condensate interface A22 is connected to the air inlet A21, and a filter block 208 for filtering air is also provided between the two.

[0114] The first valve stem 271 moves through the deformation of the first diaphragm 273, and the first sealing member 272 connected to the first valve stem 271 is used to intermittently connect the upper and lower ends of the second cavity 202 by moving up and down, that is, to intermittently connect the control interface B26 with the air inlet A21 and the vacuum interface B24; the second valve stem 281 moves through the deformation of the second diaphragm 283, and the second sealing member 282 connected to the second valve stem 281 is used to intermittently connect the fourth cavity 204 with the fifth cavity 205. When the two are connected, air is introduced into the fourth cavity 204 and the actuator 27 can be driven to move. When the two are not connected, a vacuum is formed in the fourth cavity 204 and the first diaphragm 273 does not move.

[0115] During operation, when the sensor interface B23 is in a high-pressure state, the upper and lower ends of the second diaphragm 283 move upward due to the different pressures, and drive the second sealing member 282 to move upward through the second valve stem 281. At this time, the fourth cavity 204 is connected to the fifth cavity 205. Since the fifth cavity 205 is connected to the air channel 207, air is introduced into the fourth cavity 204. Since the third cavity 203 is connected to the vacuum inlet and outlet, the interior is vacuum. Therefore, the first diaphragm 273 moves upward due to the different pressures at the upper and lower ends, and drives the first sealing member 272 to move upward through the first valve stem 271. At this time, the second cavity 202 is connected to the third cavity 203, then the control interface B26 is connected to the vacuum interface B24, and vacuum is introduced into the control interface B26; conversely, the control interface B26 is connected to the air channel 207 (i.e., the air inlet A21), and air is introduced into the control interface B26.

[0116] (3) Hydraulic sensor and pressure relief device with integrated structure design 4:

[0117] like Fig. 9 , Fig.10As shown, the pressure relief device 4 is installed in the equipment chamber 010 and fixed on the sealing partition 08. A pressure relief pipeline 41 connected to the sewage chamber 09 and a sealing component 42 for controlling the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline 41 are arranged inside; the pressure relief pipeline 41 is connected to the sewage chamber 09, and a gas connection port 43 and a liquid connection port 44 are also arranged at the upper end; the gas connection port 43 is connected to the air inlet A21 and the air inlet B61, and is used to introduce air into the first pneumatic controller 2 and the second pneumatic controller 6 respectively; the sealing component 42 is installed at the same position as the sewage chamber 09. 9 is connected, and the movement is realized by the change of air pressure in the sewage chamber 09, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the pressure relief pipeline 41, and its structure includes a third valve stem 421, a fourth diaphragm 423 and a third sealing member 422; the liquid level sensor 3 includes a measuring conduit 31 extending into the sewage chamber 09 for detecting the change of the liquid level and a sensor interface A32 arranged at the upper end of the measuring conduit 31 and connected thereto; the measuring conduit 31 is fixed at the lower end of the pressure relief device 4, and the upper end extends upward along the inner side of the pressure relief device 4, and the sensor interface A32 is fixed at the upper end of the pressure relief device 4.

[0118] Its working principle is: Fig.11 As shown, under normal conditions, the air above the sewage chamber 09 circulates along the dotted line portion in the figure, and when the liquid level in the sewage chamber 09 rises, the air required for the operation of the first pneumatic control and the second pneumatic controller 6 can be provided through the pressure relief line 41; when the sewage in the sewage chamber 09 reaches the upper wall of the sewage chamber 09 (that is, the sewage fills the entire sewage chamber 09), the sewage will enter the pressure relief device 4 and compress the internal air to make the sealing component 42 move upward, that is, the fourth diaphragm 423 deforms and drives the third valve stem 421 to move upward, so that the third sealing component 422 seals and disconnects the pressure relief line 41, thereby preventing the sewage in the sewage chamber 09 from entering the equipment chamber 010.

[0119] (4) Ventilation and drainage device 5:

[0120] like Fig.12 , Fig.13 As shown, the ventilation and sewage discharge device 5 includes a cylinder 51 and a pipe clamp valve 52 connected to the cylinder 51 and used to realize the on-off of the cylinder 51; the cylinder 51 and the pipe clamp valve 52 together form a main channel 511, a side channel 512 connected to the upper and lower ends of the main channel 511, and a sensor pipeline 513 connected to the lower end of the side channel 512; the upper end of the main channel 511 and the side channel 512 are connected through an overflow port 514, the lower end of the main channel 511 and the side channel 512 are connected through a throttle port 515, and the sensor pipeline 513 is connected to the lower end of the side channel 512; a sensor interface C516 connected to the sensor pipeline 513 is provided on the outer wall of the cylinder 51, and the pipe clamp valve 52 is used to control the on-off of the main channel 511, and a control interface C524 is provided on the outer wall; as shown Fig.14 , Fig.15 As shown, the tube clamp valve 52 is internally provided with a hose 521 connected to the main flow channel 511 and a pair of clamping components 522 for realizing the opening and closing of the hose 521; a closed cavity 523 connected to the control interface C524 is formed between the outer wall of the hose 521 and the pair of clamping components 522; the opening and closing of the pair of clamping components 522 is realized by intermittently introducing air and vacuum through the control interface C524; the pair of clamping components 522 are arranged on both sides of the hose 521, including a third diaphragm 5221 and a clamp 5222 connected to the third diaphragm 5221; the opposite end faces of the pair of clamps 5222 are parallel, and are used for relative movement to clamp the hose 521; its working principle will be described in detail below in combination with the working principle of the second pneumatic controller 6 and different weather conditions.

[0121] (5) Second pneumatic controller 6:

[0122] like Fig.16 As shown, the second pneumatic controller 6 has the same structure as the first pneumatic controller 2, and an air inlet B61, a condensate interface B62, a sensor interface D63, a vacuum interface C64, an air interface C65 and a control interface D66 are sequentially arranged on the outer wall; the air inlet B61 is used to allow air to pass through, and the formed condensate is discharged from the condensate interface B62 after filtering; the sensor interface D63 is connected to the sensor interface C516 to receive the liquid level signal in the sensor pipeline 513; the vacuum interface C64 is connected to the vacuum interface A11 to form a vacuum; the control interface D66 is used to intermittently pass air and vacuum, and is connected to the control interface C524 to drive the opening and closing of the tube clamp valve 52; its working principle is the same as that of the first pneumatic controller 2.

[0123] (6) Water collection and drainage device 7:

[0124] like Fig.17 , Fig.18 As shown, a water collecting and drainage device 7 is provided with a water collecting pipe 71 and a drainage pipe 72 inside, and a water collecting chamber 73 is provided at the lower end; the water collecting pipe 71 includes a condensate water interface C711, a condensate water interface D712, and a water collecting outlet 713 which is connected with the condensate water interface C711 and the condensate water interface D712 and extends to one end of the water collecting chamber 73; the drainage pipe 72 includes a water collecting inlet 721 and a drainage interface 722 which is connected with the water collecting inlet 721; the condensate water interface C711 is connected with the condensate water interface A22, and the condensate water discharged from the first pneumatic controller 2 flows into the water collecting chamber 73 along the water collecting pipe 71; the condensate water interface D712 is connected with the condensate water interface B62, and the condensate water discharged from the second pneumatic controller 6 flows into the water collecting chamber 73 along the water collecting pipe 71; the drainage interface 722 is connected with the liquid connecting port 44, and is used to discharge the condensate water collected in the water collecting chamber 73 into the sewage chamber 09.

[0125] Its working principle is: Fig.19 As shown, the water collecting and draining device 7 is installed on the sealing baffle 08, and the corresponding upper end surface of the sealing baffle 08 is provided with a concave cavity 081 for collecting condensed water. The condensed water from the first pneumatic controller 2 and the second pneumatic controller 6 is collected into the water collecting cavity 73 along the water collecting pipe 71. When the liquid level in the sewage cavity 09 drops, the pressure inside the pressure relief pipe 41 will decrease, thereby sucking the condensed water in the water collecting cavity 73 into the sewage cavity 09 along the pressure relief pipe 41. The flow route of the water collecting and draining device 7 during internal drainage is shown as the dotted line in the figure; when the liquid level in the sewage cavity 09 rises, the pressure above the sewage cavity 09 and inside the pressure relief pipe 41 will rise. At this time, part of the air can also be discharged into the equipment cavity 010 through the drainage pipe 72.

[0126] In the present invention, the wiring method of each interface in the vacuum drain valve 1, the first pneumatic controller 2, the hydraulic sensor and pressure relief device 4 of the combined structure design, the ventilation and drain device 5, the second pneumatic controller 6, and the water collection and drainage device 7 is as follows: Fig. 20 As shown, the connection relationships are:

[0127] Vacuum interface A11, vacuum interface B24 and vacuum interface C64;

[0128] Air interface A12, air interface B25, and air interface C65 are vacant and sealed with external plugs;

[0129] Control interface A13 and control interface B26;

[0130] Control interface C524 and control interface D66;

[0131] Sensor interface A32 and sensor interface B23;

[0132] Sensor interface C516 and sensor interface D63;

[0133] Condensate interface A22 and condensate interface C711;

[0134] Condensate interface B62 and condensate interface D712;

[0135] Gas connection port 43 and air inlet A21 and air inlet B61;

[0136] Liquid connection port 44 and drainage interface 722;

[0137] In combination with the above (1) to (6) and different weather conditions, the working principle of the ventilation and sewage discharge device 5 and the overall structure of the manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well is as follows:

[0138] a. Applicable scenarios: Weather without water on the ground, such as sunny and cloudy days, and the main feature of the weather is that the ground is baking hot;

[0139] In the case of sunny days and no sewage on the ground, there is no water in the sensor pipe 513, so the second pneumatic controller 6 and the pipe clamp valve 52 do not work. The pipe clamp valve 52 is in an open state when not in operation. Fig.21 As shown, dry air, dust and dirt on the ground can pass smoothly through the pipe clamp valve 52, combined with Fig. 22 As shown, dry air, dust and dirt on the ground enter the sewage chamber 09, and the air enters the pressure relief device 4 along the solid line part in the figure, and enters the gas connecting port 43 above the pressure relief device 4, so as to be used to introduce air into the air inlet A21 and the air inlet B61 of the first pneumatic controller 2 and the second pneumatic controller 6; the dust, sand and dirt in the air are mainly settled below the suction pipe 15 under the action of gravity, and are discharged under the joint action of the vacuum drain valve 1 and the first pneumatic controller 2 when the vacuum well is working.

[0140] b. Applicable scenarios: Weather conditions with a large amount of persistent water on the ground, such as heavy rains and floods, where the main feature of the weather is waterlogging; for waterlogging disasters caused by such extreme weather, the manhole cover ventilation vacuum well must be able to achieve automatic detection and automatic shutdown, as well as automatic reset after the waterlogging is over and the ground is cleaned. The basic requirements for fully automatic operation are as follows:

[0141] State 1: In this case, a large amount of ground water enters the sewage chamber 09 through the air vent 07 and the main channel 511. Due to the large and rapid amount of water, the amount of water entering is much greater than the amount of water discharged by the vacuum sewage valve 1, so that the liquid level in the sewage chamber 09 rises rapidly until the liquid level reaches the top of the sewage chamber 09 and contacts the lower end surface of the sealing partition 08; as the water level continues to rise, the air pressure between the top of the sewage chamber 09 and the sealing partition 08 gradually increases. At the same time, high-pressure (air pressure greater than atmospheric pressure) air passes through the pressure relief pipeline 41, and a part of it is supplied to the first pneumatic controller 2 and the second pneumatic controller 6 through the gas connection port 43, and the other part is discharged to the equipment chamber 010 through the liquid connection port 44 and the drainage pipeline 72, finally achieving the air pressure between the top of the sewage chamber 09 and the sealing partition 08 close to the atmospheric pressure, avoiding the increase in pressure affecting the normal operation and operation of the liquid level sensor 3, the first pneumatic controller 2 and the second pneumatic controller 6.

[0142] As the liquid level continues to increase, a portion of the sewage chamber 09 rises, causing the air in the pressure relief device 4 to be compressed, causing the sealing component 42 to operate, thereby closing the pressure relief pipeline 41, thereby ensuring that the sewage in the sewage chamber 09 will not enter the equipment chamber 010 and the first pneumatic controller 2, the second pneumatic controller 6, the vacuum drain valve 1 and the pipe clamp valve 52 through the pressure relief pipeline 41, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the main components in the equipment chamber 010 and preventing impurities in the sewage from corroding and adhering to the sealing surfaces of the sealing components (first seal 272, second seal 282, chuck 5222 and third seal 422) in related equipment (actuator component 27, control component 28, clamping component 522 and sealing component 42) and affecting the sealing performance and causing functional dysfunction.

[0143] At the same time, as the liquid level continues to increase, sewage will act on the ventilation and drainage device 5, such as Fig.23 As shown in FIG. 5 , the sewage moves upward along the main flow channel 511, passes through the open pipe clamp valve 52, and flows to the overflow port 514; when the sewage reaches the overflow port 514, as shown in FIG. Fig.24 As shown, the relatively clean sewage after being purified by gravity enters the side flow channel 512, and as the liquid level continues to rise, it will be flush with the liquid level of the rainwater on the manhole cover 06 caused by waterlogging; the accumulated water above the manhole cover 06 flows into the flow route of the well body 05 as shown in FIG. Fig.25 As shown, dust, sand and dirt are mainly deposited below the suction pipe 15 under the action of gravity, and are discharged under the joint action of the vacuum drain valve 1 and the first pneumatic controller 2 when the vacuum well is working.

[0144] State 2: Since the side flow channel 512 is connected to the lower end of the sensor pipe 513, when the side flow channel 512 is filled with sewage, the sensor pipe 513 is also filled with sewage. At this time, when the sensor interface C516 detects that there is still high-range sewage in the sensor pipe 513, since its pressure value reaches the pressure required for the control component 28 and the actuator component 27 in the second pneumatic controller 6 to operate, the second pneumatic controller 6 starts to work. Combined with the working principle in (2) above, it can be seen that when the second pneumatic controller 6 starts to work, a vacuum is formed at the control interface D66, and then a vacuum is formed in the connected control interface C524 and the closed cavity 523 inside the pipe clamp valve 52. A pair of clamping components 522 work and clamp the hose 521, so that the pipe clamp valve 52 is switched from an open state to a closed state. The flow route inside the ventilation and sewage discharge device 5 is as follows. Fig.26As shown; since the sludge passing through the internal hose 521 of the tube clamp valve 52 will not be deposited inside and near it when it is in the open state, when the tube clamp valve 52 is closed, the tube clamp valve 52 will not be poorly closed due to solid impurities such as mud and sand; more importantly, the tube clamp valve 52 has a good tolerance for silk impurities such as hair, and will not cause the problem of poor closure of the tube clamp valve 52.

[0145] Combination Fig. 27 As shown, after the pipe clamp valve 52 is closed, since the liquid level in the sewage chamber 09 is at an ultra-high water level, the vacuum sewage valve 1 is always in working state until the liquid level drops to the minimum level and stops working. At this time, observing along the direction of the main channel 511, the inside of the pipeline corresponding to the outlet position of the main channel 511 is air; the sewage inside the sensor pipeline 513 is gradually discharged into the sewage chamber 09 through the throttle port 515. Since the throttle port 515 has a certain damping delay function, for example, it takes 1 hour for all the sewage inside the sensor pipeline 513 to flow out (design and estimated value, subject to actual situation), and the water capacity has a very limited effect on the liquid level of the sewage chamber 09. It is known through experiments that according to the design and estimated value, the sensor pipeline 513 needs to be discharged 100 times before the liquid level in the sewage chamber 09 reaches the high liquid level set by the liquid level sensor 3, thereby realizing a sewage discharge operation.

[0146] Therefore, if the water on the ground persists and does not recede, the vacuum well will only work once every hour (estimated and designed value), and will not work continuously without stopping, so energy consumption is minimized. More importantly, heavy rain caused serious water accumulation in the road area where the vacuum well is located, but it still did not affect the use of kitchen and bathroom appliances represented by toilets in households.

[0147] This kind of rainstorm situation is quite common, such as the plum rain season in the south, especially in recent years, when extreme weather has occurred frequently, rainstorms, mudslides, typhoons, etc. occur every year; therefore, the present invention aims at special situations, adopts a method adapted to local conditions, objectively and impartially analyzes the needs, and then prescribes the right remedy and adopts effective solutions, ultimately achieving the purpose of treating both the symptoms and the root causes, rather than labor-intensive and costly maintenance work.

[0148] State three: This state is characterized by the sky clearing up after the rain, the water on the ground disappears, and the liquid level inside the sensor pipe 513 drops to the lowest point; mainly because the sewage on the ground will not continue to replenish the liquid level inside the sensor pipe 513 that has dropped due to the drainage of the throttle port 515, and then the liquid level inside the sensor pipe 513 gradually drops until it drops to the lowest value. At this time, due to the decrease in the air pressure difference inside the sensor pipe 513, the second pneumatic controller 6 is triggered to stop working, so that air is introduced into the control interface D66, and then air is introduced into the control interface C524 and the closed cavity 523, and the pair of clamping components 522 are reset, and the pipe clamp valve 52 is reset to open, such as Fig.28 As shown, at this time, the accumulated water and the settled sludge above the pipe clamp valve 52 are smoothly discharged into the sewage chamber 09 through the hose 521.

[0149] State 4: This state is characterized by the vent hole 07 and the main channel 511 at the upper end of the manhole cover 06 being unobstructed, similar to the working process in the sunny stage, sewage exists in the sensor pipeline 513, the second pneumatic controller 6 and the pipe clamp valve 52 are not working, and the pipe clamp valve 52 is open in the non-working state, and the dry air, dust and dirt on the ground can pass through the pipe clamp valve 52 smoothly. Fig. 22 As shown, dry air, dust and dirt on the ground enter the sewage chamber 09, and the air enters the pressure relief device 4 along the solid line part in the figure, and enters the gas connecting port 43 above the pressure relief device 4, so as to be used to introduce air into the air inlet A21 and the air inlet B61 of the first pneumatic controller 2 and the second pneumatic controller 6; the dust, sand and dirt in the air are mainly settled below the suction pipe 15 under the action of gravity, and are discharged under the joint action of the vacuum drain valve 1 and the first pneumatic controller 2 when the vacuum well is working.

[0150] c. Applicable scenarios: showery weather with a small amount of water on the ground. The main characteristics of the weather are frequent, short-term and heavy rainfall, which causes the formation of small shoals and small rivers in low-lying areas of the ground in a short period of time. Sometimes these places happen to be at the manhole cover 06. For the small rivers in the vacuum well caused by such short showers, the present invention must meet the basic requirements of fully automatic operation, including automatic detection, automatic sewage discharge and then automatic resetting.

[0151] Combination Fig.29As shown, a small river gradually forms near the manhole cover 06, passes through the vent hole 07 and the main channel 511 and enters the sewage chamber 09, where three components are processed separately: first, the air above the sewage chamber 09 is connected to the gas connection port 43 and the liquid connection port 44 through the pressure relief pipe 41; second, rainwater causes the liquid level in the sewage chamber 09 to gradually rise. When it reaches the high water level set by the liquid level sensor 3, the first pneumatic controller 2 works, thereby triggering the vacuum drain valve 1 to open, and the sewage in the sewage chamber 09 together with solid impurities such as sludge are sucked in from the suction pipe 15 and discharged to the downstream pipe through the discharge pipe 16; third, dust, silt and dirt in the air are mainly deposited below the suction pipe 15 under the action of gravity, and are discharged under the joint action of the vacuum drain valve 1 and the first pneumatic controller 2 when the vacuum well is working.

[0152] d. Applicable scenarios: Snow and hail weather, the precipitation is in solid form and has poor mobility. For this type of precipitation in solid form, the present invention must meet the basic requirements of fully automatic operation, including automatic detection, automatic sewage discharge, and automatic resetting.

[0153] Combination Fig.30 As shown, a layer of snow or hail gradually falls near the manhole cover 06. Since the equipment chamber 010 and the sewage chamber 09 inside the vacuum well have the temperature characteristics of warm in winter and cool in summer, the snow or hail directly above the main channel 511 gradually falls into the sewage chamber 09 along the main channel 511. In particular, the dry and cold snow gradually melts into snow water when encountering the humid and hot air during the descent process, which is more conducive to the snow being transported downward along the main channel 511. The circulation route of the humid and hot air is shown by the solid line in the figure; at the same time, the snow water melted on the ground will also flow into the sewage chamber 09 through the dotted line in the figure; this process In the process, two components are processed separately: first, the air above the sewage chamber 09 is connected to the gas connection port 43 and the liquid connection port 44 through the pressure relief pipe 41; second, the hail and snow water enter the sewage in the sewage chamber 09, and after fusion, the liquid level in the sewage chamber 09 gradually increases. When the high water level set by the liquid level sensor 3 is reached, the first pneumatic controller 2 works, thereby triggering the vacuum sewage valve 1 to open, and the sewage in the sewage chamber 09 together with solid impurities such as sludge are sucked in from the suction pipe 15 and discharged to the downstream pipe through the discharge pipe 16.

[0154] To sum up the above, the ventilation function is the main function of the first pneumatic controller 2, the second pneumatic controller 6 and the vacuum sewage valve 1 in the manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well. The main factor to be considered is to avoid the gravity flow pipeline in the sewage chamber 09 (the pipeline connected when the sewage is discharged into the sewage chamber) due to the existence of the lifting bend. The problem of water blockage caused by the existence of the lifting bend, which in turn causes the problem of low ventilation efficiency. Without indirectly using the sewage chamber 09 for ventilation, the equipment chamber 010 can be used for direct ventilation. During the process, the ventilation and sewage discharge device 5 is set to enable the manhole cover ventilation type vacuum well to achieve automatic detection and automatic shutdown, as well as automatic reset operation, which are the basic requirements of fully automatic operation; by setting the water collection and drainage device 7, the working requirements of each device in the equipment chamber 010 for a dry environment are guaranteed, thereby greatly increasing the working efficiency and service life of the equipment.

[0155] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention, and any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

Claims

1. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole, comprising a manhole body and a manhole cover arranged at the upper end of the manhole body, wherein a sealing partition is arranged inside the manhole body, and the inside of the manhole body is divided into a sewage chamber and an equipment chamber, wherein a liquid level sensor, a vacuum drain valve and a first pneumatic controller are installed in the equipment chamber, and the characteristics are: The upper end of the manhole cover is provided with a vent hole, and the equipment cavity is provided with a ventilation and sewage discharge device connected to the vent hole and a second pneumatic controller for driving the ventilation and sewage discharge device to work; The liquid level sensor is fixed in the equipment cavity, and a measuring conduit is provided at the lower end, and extends into the sewage cavity for detecting liquid level changes, and a sensor interface A is provided at the upper end; the vacuum drain valve is connected to a suction pipeline extending into the sewage cavity and a discharge pipeline extending to the outside of the well body, and a vacuum interface A is provided at one end connected to the discharge pipeline, an air interface A is provided on the side wall, and a control interface A is provided at the upper end; the first pneumatic controller is used to receive the signal of the liquid level sensor and control the operation of the vacuum drain valve, and an actuator component and a control component are provided inside, and an air inlet A, a condensate interface A, a sensor interface B, a vacuum interface B, an air interface B and a control interface B are provided on the outer wall; The actuator is used to realize intermittent introduction of air and vacuum into the control interface B, and includes a first valve stem, a first sealing member, and a first diaphragm; the control component is connected to the sensor interface B, and is used to drive the actuator to work, and includes a second valve stem, a second sealing member, and a second diaphragm; The ventilation and sewage discharge device is fixed on the sealing partition, including a cylinder and a tube clamp valve connected to the cylinder and used to realize the opening and closing of the cylinder; the cylinder and the tube clamp valve together form a main flow channel connected to the sewage chamber, a side flow channel connected to the upper and lower ends of the main flow channel, and a sensor pipeline connected to the lower end of the side flow channel; a sensor interface C connected to the sensor pipeline is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder, and the tube clamp valve is used to control the opening and closing of the main flow channel, and a control interface C is arranged on the outer wall; the second pneumatic controller has the same structure as the first pneumatic controller.

2. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet A is used to allow air to pass through, and the formed condensed water is discharged from the condensed water interface A after filtering; the sensor interface B is connected to the sensor interface A, and is used to receive the liquid level signal in the sewage chamber transmitted by the liquid level sensor, and drive the control component to drive the execution component to work; the vacuum interface B is connected to the vacuum interface A to form a vacuum; the air interface B is connected to the air interface A to realize the air conversion in the vacuum sewage valve; the control interface B realizes the intermittent introduction of air and vacuum through the work of the execution component, and is connected to the control interface A to drive the opening and closing of the vacuum sewage valve.

3. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air inlet B, a condensate interface B, a sensor interface D, a vacuum interface C, an air interface C and a control interface D are sequentially arranged on the outer wall of the second pneumatic controller; the air inlet B is used to allow air to pass through, and the formed condensate is discharged from the condensate interface B after filtering; the sensor interface D is connected to the sensor interface C, and is used to receive the liquid level signal in the sensor pipeline; the vacuum interface C is connected to the vacuum interface A, and forms a vacuum; the control interface D is used to intermittently allow air and vacuum to pass through, and is connected to the control interface C to drive the opening and closing of the tube clamp valve.

4. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tube clamp valve is provided with a hose connected to the main channel and a pair of clamping components for opening and closing the hose. A closed cavity connected to the control interface C is formed between the outer wall of the hose and the pair of clamping components. The opening and closing of the pair of clamping components is achieved by intermittently introducing air and vacuum through the control interface C.

5. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pair of the clamping assemblies are arranged on both sides of the hose, and include a third diaphragm and a clamp connected to the third diaphragm. The opposite end faces of the pair of clamps are parallel and are used for relative movement to clamp the hose.

6. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure relief device is also provided in the equipment cavity, and the pressure relief device is fixed on a sealing baffle, and is provided with a pressure relief pipeline connected to the sewage cavity and a sealing component for controlling the on-off of the pressure relief pipeline; the pressure relief pipeline is connected to the sewage cavity, and a gas connection port and a liquid connection port are also provided at the upper end; the gas connection port is connected to the air inlet A and the air inlet B, and is used to respectively introduce air into the first pneumatic controller and the second pneumatic controller.

7. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 6, characterized in that: The installation position of the sealing component is connected to the sewage chamber, and the movement is achieved through the change of air pressure in the sewage chamber, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the pressure relief pipeline. Its structure includes a third valve stem, a fourth diaphragm and a third sealing member.

8. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure relief device and the liquid level sensor adopt a combined structure design, the measuring conduit is fixed at the lower end of the pressure relief device, and the upper end extends upward along the inner side of the pressure relief device, and the sensor interface A is fixed at the upper end of the pressure relief device.

9. A manhole cover ventilation type vacuum manhole according to claim 8, characterized in that: A water collecting and drainage device is also provided in the equipment cavity, and the water collecting and drainage device is fixed on the sealing partition, and is provided with a water collecting pipeline and a drainage pipeline inside, and a water collecting cavity is provided at the lower end; the water collecting pipeline includes a condensate water interface C, a condensate water interface D, and a water collecting outlet connected with the condensate water interface C and the condensate water interface D and extending to one end of the water collecting cavity; the drainage pipeline includes a water collecting inlet and a drainage interface connected with the water collecting inlet; the condensate water interface C is connected with the condensate water interface A, and the condensate discharged from the first pneumatic controller flows into the water collecting cavity along the water collecting pipeline; the condensate water interface D is connected with the condensate water interface B, and the condensate discharged from the second pneumatic controller flows into the water collecting cavity along the water collecting pipeline; the drainage interface is connected with the liquid connecting port, and is used to discharge the condensate collected in the water collecting cavity into the sewage cavity.

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