A dual-frequency fusion antenna and communication equipment based on metasurface

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dual-frequency fusion antenna and communication equipment based on a metasurface, comprising a reflector, a low-frequency antenna radiation unit, a first metasurface, a second metasurface and a high-frequency antenna radiation unit, wherein the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged above the reflector, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged above the high-frequency antenna radiation unit, and the first metasurface and the second metasurface are respectively located above and below the low-frequency antenna radiation unit. The present invention has a novel structure, high isolation and a stable radiation pattern.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular to a dual-frequency fusion antenna and communication equipment based on a metasurface. Background Art

[0002] Mobile communication technology has entered every aspect of our lives. Antennas are an important part of communication systems. Their performance directly affects the functions, performance and communication quality of wireless communication systems. At present, the communication systems used in my country are 2G, 3G, and LTE (4G) systems. The 2G system uses a frequency band of 1710-1550MHz, the 3G system uses a frequency band of 1550-2170MHz, and the LTE (4G) system uses a frequency band of 2300-2690MHz. Since different operators use different frequency bands, the use of antennas is relatively complicated. my country's communication system currently covers the 690-960MHz and 1710-2690MHz frequency bands.

[0003] As the demand for communication continues to increase, the number of antennas is also increasing. Currently, the 5G system is also being gradually built. It is foreseeable that multiple communication application standards will coexist in the future. However, the installation location resources of the base station antenna are very limited. The originally deployed antennas are now facing the problem of integration, that is, they need to meet the network requirements of multiple frequencies and multiple systems and also meet the subsequent expansion and installation space of 5G antennas. If one pair of antennas can cover the existing communication system and reduce the coupling between antennas to make them work normally, this can increase the number of antennas placed and improve the problem of tight installation location resources, that is, frequency band fusion needs to be achieved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a dual-frequency fusion antenna based on a metasurface. The antenna adopts a metasurface unit to achieve normal operation in different frequency bands. The antenna covers two frequency bands of 690MHz-960MHz and 1660MHz-2720MHz, with high isolation, stable radiation pattern and high gain.

[0005] A secondary object of the present invention is to provide a communication device.

[0006] The primary purpose of the present invention is to adopt the following technical solution:

[0007] A dual-frequency fusion antenna based on a metasurface comprises a reflector, a low-frequency antenna radiating unit, a first metasurface, a second metasurface and a high-frequency antenna radiating unit, wherein the high-frequency antenna radiating unit is arranged above the reflector, the low-frequency antenna radiating unit is arranged above the high-frequency antenna radiating unit, and the first metasurface and the second metasurface are respectively located above and below the low-frequency antenna radiating unit.

[0008] The high-frequency antenna radiation unit and the low-frequency antenna radiation unit both include four radiation arms, a dielectric substrate and a feed line structure, wherein the feed line structure includes two mutually perpendicular feed lines, wherein two radiation arms constitute a +45-degree polarized dipole, which is fed by one feed line, and the other two radiation arms constitute a -45-degree polarized dipole, which is fed by another feed line.

[0009] Preferably, the four radiation arms of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit have the same structure and are all diamond patches.

[0010] Preferably, the four radiation arms of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit have the same structure, which are all annular rhombus shapes.

[0011] Preferably, the high-frequency antenna radiation unit, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit, the first metasurface, the second metasurface and the reflective plate are symmetrical about the coaxial axis.

[0012] Preferably, there are four high-frequency antenna radiation units, which are arranged at equal intervals above the reflector in a 2*2 array.

[0013] Preferably, the first metasurface is square and is composed of a plurality of first metasurface units arranged in an array. The first metasurface unit includes a first dielectric substrate and a first patch. The first patch is printed on the first dielectric substrate and is square.

[0014] Preferably, the second super surface is in the shape of a square ring.

[0015] Preferably, rectangular notches are provided at the midpoints of the four sides of the square ring.

[0016] The secondary purpose of the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0017] A communication device comprises the dual-frequency fusion antenna.

[0018] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] (1) The antenna has a simple structure and can operate in two frequency bands: 690MHz-960MHz and 1660MHz-2720MHz.

[0020] (2) The present invention uses a metasurface, which can effectively reduce the mutual coupling between the high-frequency antenna and the low-frequency antenna.

[0021] (3) The present invention has a novel structure, high isolation and a stable directivity pattern. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure without the addition of the super surface;

[0024] Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a top view of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a top view of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a bandwidth and isolation test diagram of the high-frequency antenna in an embodiment of the present invention before and after using the metasurface.

[0029] Figure 8(a)-Figure 8(f) They are respectively the directional diagram test diagrams of the high-frequency antenna of an embodiment of the present invention before and after using the metasurface at six frequency points in the working frequency band: 1.7 GHz, 1.9 GHz, 2.1 GHz, 2.3 GHz, 2.5 GHz, and 2.7 GHz.

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a gain test diagram of the high-frequency antenna of an embodiment of the present invention before and after using the metasurface.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a test diagram of the bandwidth isolation and before and after the use of the metasurface of the low-frequency antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11(a)-Figure 11(c) They are respectively the directional diagram test diagrams of the low-frequency antenna in an embodiment of the present invention before and after using the metasurface at three frequency points of 0.69 GHz, 0.82 GHz and 0.96 GHz in the working frequency band.

[0033] Fig.12 This is a gain test diagram of the low-frequency antenna of an embodiment of the present invention before and after using the metasurface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a dual-frequency fusion antenna based on a metasurface includes, from top to bottom, a first metasurface 3, a low-frequency antenna radiation unit 1, a second metasurface 4, a high-frequency antenna radiation unit 2 and a reflector 5. There are four high-frequency antenna radiation units, which are arranged in a 2*2 equally spaced array and are arranged above the reflector through insulating support columns 13. The spacing between adjacent high-frequency antenna radiation units is 61 mm, and the distance from the reflector is 38 mm.

[0037] The low-frequency antenna radiation unit is fixed above the reflector 5 by a support column 12, and the distance between the two is 89 mm in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the distance between the two is 11.25 mm, and the second metasurface is located below the low-frequency antenna radiation unit. In this embodiment, the distance between the two is 11.75 mm, and the support columns are all insulating plastic columns.

[0038] like Figure 6 As shown, the high-frequency antenna radiation unit includes a first high-frequency radiation arm 6A, a second high-frequency radiation arm 6B, a third high-frequency radiation arm 6C, a fourth high-frequency radiation arm 6D, a high-frequency dielectric substrate 8 and a high-frequency feed line structure, and the high-frequency feed line structure includes a first and a second high-frequency feed line. The first high-frequency radiation arm, the fourth high-frequency radiation arm and the first high-frequency feed line 7A are printed on the upper surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate, the second high-frequency radiation arm, the third high-frequency radiation arm and the second high-frequency feed line 7B are printed on the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 8, the first high-frequency radiation arm and the third high-frequency radiation arm constitute a +45-degree polarized oscillator, which is fed by the first high-frequency feed line, and the second high-frequency radiation arm and the fourth high-frequency radiation arm constitute a -45-degree polarized oscillator, which is fed by the second high-frequency feed line.

[0039] The first high-frequency feed line and the second high-frequency feed line are perpendicular to each other, and the intersection point is located at the center point of the high-frequency dielectric substrate.

[0040] The four high-frequency radiation arms have the same structure and size, and all include diamond-shaped patches printed on a high-frequency dielectric substrate.

[0041] In this embodiment, four high-frequency antenna radiation units are used, and the number of them is arranged according to the target architecture. This flower arrangement is an important way of multi-frequency integration of base station antennas. That is, the four high-frequency antenna radiation units are arranged at a certain interval, and the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is located at the center of the array composed of the four high-frequency antenna units. This array arrangement can be used as a basic arrangement structure to expand the array.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit includes a first low-frequency radiation arm 9A, a second low-frequency radiation arm 9B, a third low-frequency radiation arm 9C, a fourth low-frequency radiation arm 9D, a low-frequency dielectric substrate and a low-frequency feed line structure, the low-frequency feed line structure includes a first and a second low-frequency feed line, the first low-frequency radiation arm, the fourth low-frequency radiation arm and the first low-frequency feed line 10A are printed on the upper surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate, the second low-frequency radiation arm, the third low-frequency radiation arm and the second low-frequency feed line 10B are printed on the lower surface of the low-frequency dielectric substrate 11, the first and the third low-frequency radiation arms constitute a +45 degree polarized oscillator, which is fed by the first low-frequency feed line, and the second and the fourth low-frequency radiation arms constitute a -45 degree polarized oscillator, which is fed by the second low-frequency feed line.

[0043] The first low-frequency feed line and the second low-frequency feed line are perpendicular to each other, and the intersection point is located at the center point of the low-frequency dielectric substrate.

[0044] The four low-frequency radiation arms have the same structure and size, and all include an annular diamond patch printed on a low-frequency dielectric substrate. In this embodiment, the width is 5 mm.

[0045] The low-frequency antenna radiation unit and the high-frequency antenna radiation unit are essentially vibrator structures. The reason why the radiation arm of the low-frequency antenna is a hollowed-out ring is to reduce the metal structure of the low-frequency antenna to reduce the radiation shielding of the high-frequency antenna, which is conducive to maintaining the radiation performance of the high-frequency antenna. As for the high-frequency antenna, there is no requirement for hollowing out the high-frequency antenna, and the diamond shape is the result of simulation optimization.

[0046] In the case of the co-aperture fusion of high-frequency antenna and low-frequency antenna, the radiation performance of high-frequency antenna will be affected by the radiation performance of low-frequency antenna and deteriorate sharply. The second metasurface plays an important role in the restoration of the radiation pattern of high-frequency antenna. Symmetrically removing 2×3 units in the middle of the side length of the metasurface can reduce the deflection of the high-frequency radiation pattern from the maximum radiation direction. The metasurface structural unit has no effect on the low-frequency antenna radiation pattern. At the same time, in order to save costs, the period and number of units of the metasurface are kept to a minimum.

[0047] The first supersurface is located above the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and has a square structure, including 13*13 first supersurface units.

[0048] The first metasurface unit and the second metasurface unit have the same structure, including patches printed on a dielectric substrate, the patches are all square patches, the length of the embodiment is 10.4 mm, and the spacing between the metasurface units is 1.6 mm.

[0049] The second metasurface is located below the low-frequency antenna radiation unit and has a square ring structure. The outer periphery of the ring is provided with second metasurface units arranged in a 17*17 array, with a width of 5 metasurface units. There is an opening in the middle of each of the four sides of the square ring, specifically 2*3 second metasurface units.

[0050] The metasurface dielectric substrate has a thickness of 0.5 mm and a relative dielectric constant of 3.48.

[0051] The high-frequency and low-frequency antenna dielectric substrates are made of Taconic TLY (tm), both of which have a thickness of 0.5 mm and a relative dielectric constant of 2.2.

[0052] The present invention also comprises a coaxial line, and the coaxial line is connected with the high-frequency feed line and the low-frequency feed line.

[0053] This antenna has a symmetrical structure, and the center points of the first super surface, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit, the second super surface, the high-frequency antenna radiation unit and the reflector are all on the same vertical line.

[0054] The distance between the reflector and the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is 0.1λ L1 -0.5λ L1 , where λ L1 is the wavelength corresponding to the central frequency 2.2 GHz of the broadband base station antenna in free space, and the distance between the reflector and the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is 0.1λ L2 -0.5λ L2 , where λ L2 It is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 0.9 GHz of the broadband base station antenna in free space.

[0055] When the four high-frequency antenna radiation units are set, the vertical spacing between them and the second metasurface is within 0.4λ L2 -λ L2 Within this range, the metasurface has the effect of restoring the high-frequency radiation pattern.

[0056] The operating frequency band of the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is 690MHz-960MHz, and the operating frequency band of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is 1660MHz-2720MHz.

[0057] like Figure 7 , Figure 8(a)-Figure 8(f) and Fig. 9 As shown, the impedance bandwidth, radiation pattern and gain of the high-frequency antenna of this embodiment. The metasurface of the present invention can restore the high-frequency unit to a bandwidth of 1660-2720 MHz, with a return loss greater than 15 dB, and an isolation of more than 30 dB at this bandwidth. The antenna radiation pattern is well restored, and the gain is approximately 10-13 dBi.

[0058] like Fig.10 , Figure 11(a)-Figure 11(c) and Fig.12 As shown, the impedance bandwidth, isolation, radiation pattern and gain of the low-frequency antenna of this embodiment are shown. The metasurface of the present invention can restore the low-frequency unit to a bandwidth of 690-960 MHz, with a return loss greater than 15 dB, and an isolation of more than 30 dB at this bandwidth. The antenna radiation pattern is well restored, and the gain is about 8-9 dBi.

[0059] The dual-frequency fusion antenna has the characteristics of novel structure, simple operation, convenient production, high isolation, and stable radiation pattern.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] A communication device includes a dual-frequency fusion antenna based on a metasurface as described in the embodiment, which includes, from top to bottom, a first metasurface, a low-frequency antenna radiation unit, a second metasurface, a high-frequency antenna radiation unit and a reflector.

[0062] The above embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency fusion antenna based on a metasurface, characterized in that: It includes a reflector, a low-frequency antenna radiation unit, a first metasurface, a second metasurface and a high-frequency antenna radiation unit, wherein the high-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged above the reflector, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit is arranged above the high-frequency antenna radiation unit, and the first metasurface and the second metasurface are respectively located above and below the low-frequency antenna radiation unit; The high-frequency antenna radiation unit and the low-frequency antenna radiation unit each include four radiation arms, a dielectric substrate and a feed line structure, wherein the feed line structure includes two mutually perpendicular feed lines, wherein two radiation arms constitute a +45-degree polarized dipole, which is fed by one feed line, and the other two radiation arms constitute a -45-degree polarized dipole, which is fed by another feed line; The four radiating arms of the high-frequency antenna radiating unit have the same structure, all of which are diamond-shaped patches; The four radiating arms of the low-frequency antenna radiating unit have the same structure, all of which are ring-shaped diamonds; The first metasurface is square in shape and is composed of a plurality of first metasurface units arranged in an array, the first metasurface unit includes a first dielectric substrate and a first patch, the first patch is printed on the first dielectric substrate, and the first patch is square in shape; The second super surface is in the shape of a square ring; Rectangular notches are provided at the midpoints of the four sides of the square ring.

2. The dual-frequency fusion antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center points of the high-frequency antenna radiation unit, the low-frequency antenna radiation unit, the first super surface, the second super surface and the reflection plate are all on the same vertical line.

3. The dual-frequency fusion antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four high-frequency antenna radiation units, which are arranged above the reflector at equal intervals in a 2*2 array.

4. A communication device, characterized in that: It comprises the dual-frequency fusion antenna as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

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