Gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device and method. The device comprises one or more groups of pulsating air supply systems, methane supply systems and automatic control systems. The pulsating air supply system is connected with the methane supply system and is located at the bottom of the overlying pile body. Air jets are performed to the overlying pile body through air jet holes to form a gas jet zone with an angle α. The automatic control system is respectively connected with the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system. The automatic control system is used to actively identify the air permeability of the biomass fermentation pile body, and perform pulsating aeration, jet permeability enhancement, safety management and other operations. The pulsating air supply system can generate high-pressure air pulsating jets to oxygenate the fermentation pile body under the control of the automatic control system. Under the control of the automatic control system, the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system can cooperate to generate explosive jets to achieve pile body perforation and loosening, thereby improving the air permeability of the pile body. The management cost of biomass fermentation is effectively reduced. The oxygenation and permeability enhancement effect is improved, and the effective allocation of resources is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device and method, which is suitable for trench-type and stack-type aerobic fermentation of organic matter, and is particularly suitable for biological transformation of coal and oil shale, aerobic fermentation of agricultural products and agricultural and animal husbandry waste, aerobic bacteria cultivation, microbial fertilizer production, etc. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic fermentation is currently the main technology for realizing the resource utilization of agricultural and animal husbandry waste. Current biomass aerobic fermentation technology, whether trench type or stacking type, requires a compost turner to loosen the pile to facilitate the dispersion of oxygen in the fermentation pile and ensure the oxygen content of the fermentation pile and the activity of the bacteria. There are the following technical difficulties in using compost turning equipment for loosening operations: (1) Conventional compost turning machines can simultaneously complete the transportation and mixing of the pile while increasing the transparency of the pile. If only loosening and increasing transparency are required without changing the spatial distribution of the current materials in the pile or the position of the pile, the current compost turning equipment cannot achieve this; (2) Compost turning and increasing transparency operations require necessary manual management and control, and the power consumption of compost turning equipment is relatively high, which leads to high related production costs; (3) It is impossible to achieve local in-situ loosening operations; (4) The fermentation system lacks the ability to actively determine whether the overlying pile needs to be oxygenated.

[0003] These technical difficulties have led to high costs for biomass fermentation, and an automatic, safe and reliable technology is needed that has the features of pile loosening and automated oxygen supply, in-situ original structure to improve pile permeability, and pile permeability zoning management to meet production needs. Summary of the invention

[0004] Technical problem: The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device and method with simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, automatic, safe and reliable.

[0005] Technical solution: A gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device of the present invention comprises one or more groups of pulsating air supply systems, methane supply systems and automatic control systems. The pulsating air supply system is connected with the methane supply system and is located at the bottom of the overlying pile body. Air is jetted to the overlying pile body through air jet holes to form a gas jet zone with an angle α of 10-20°. The automatic control system is respectively connected with the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system;

[0006] The pulsating air supply system comprises a high-pressure air supply section and a pulsating air supply section, wherein the high-pressure air supply section comprises a high-pressure air supply trunk line and a high-pressure air supply branch pipe connected to the high-pressure air supply trunk line, and the pulsating air supply section comprises a pulsating air supply branch pipe, a pulsating air supply terminal connected to the pulsating air supply branch pipe, and an air jet hole, wherein the air jet hole of the pulsating air supply section faces the overlying pile body and is connected to the atmosphere through the pores of the overlying pile body;

[0007] The methane gas supply system includes a gas supply network and a gas distribution system. The gas supply network includes a methane gas supply main pipe and a methane gas supply branch pipe connected to the gas supply network including the methane gas supply main pipe; the gas distribution system includes a methane gas distribution terminal and a methane gas distribution hole connected to the methane gas distribution terminal.

[0008] The automatic control system includes an explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve, a methane solenoid valve switch controller, a forced lock and an explosion-proof boost check pump which are connected in sequence at the front of the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system; a temperature sensor, an ignition coil, a methane concentration sensor, a flame sensor, a pressure sensor and an oxygen concentration sensor which are connected in sequence at the rear of the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system; a biowave sensor, a Hall sensor and an overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor which are located at the bottom of the overlying pile 0.5m away from the pulsating air supply terminal; an air solenoid valve, a pulsating check valve and an air solenoid valve switch controller which are connected in sequence in the middle of the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system; all valve bodies, sensors and controllers in the automatic control system are connected to the automatic control system operator through signal lines, and the forced lock is directly connected to the methane solenoid valve switch controller or the air solenoid valve switch controller through signal lines.

[0009] The methane gas supply branch pipe is connected to the methane gas distribution terminal through an explosion-proof check constant volume electromagnetic valve and an explosion-proof booster check pump.

[0010] The air pressure in the high-pressure air supply main line and the high-pressure air supply branch pipe in the high-pressure air supply section is equal and constant, and the upper and lower limits of the constant air pressure are set as: 0.3-1.5MPa.

[0011] The air pressure of the pulsating air supply section during non-working period is approximately equal to 0.1MPa; the pressure fluctuation of the pulsating air supply section during working period is between the lower limit of the pulsating pressure set by the pulsating check valve and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe.

[0012] The methane pressure in the gas supply network is maintained at 0.2-0.3 MPa.

[0013] A fermentation method using the above-mentioned gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device comprises the following steps:

[0014] a. Connect one or more pulsating air supply systems and methane supply systems and place them at the bottom of the overlying pile. Connect the automatic control system to the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system respectively. Connect the air solenoid valve and the pulsating check valve to the high-pressure air supply section. Connect the air solenoid valve to the signal line of the air solenoid valve switch controller. The air solenoid valve switch controller controls the opening of the air solenoid valve. The air solenoid valve switch controller sends a flow signal to the air solenoid valve in the form of a digital signal. The air solenoid valve switch controller controls the opening of the valve to supply air to the pulsating check valve in the form of a constant flow. The air solenoid valve controls the opening and closing of the air supply and the flow rate in the system. The temperature sensor, methane concentration sensor, flame sensor, pressure sensor, and oxygen concentration sensor are plugged into the pulsating air supply terminal. The biowave sensor, Hall sensor, and overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor are installed at the bottom of the overlying pile 0.5m away from the pulsating air supply terminal.

[0015] b. The oxygen concentration sensor of the overlying pile body observes the change of oxygen concentration of the overlying pile body in real time. When the oxygen concentration decreases and is lower than 10.0%, the automatic control system determines that the oxygen concentration in the area is low and performs oxygenation;

[0016] c. The automatic control system uses the air solenoid valve switch controller to control the air solenoid valve to be fully open for 1 second. The airflow supplied by the air solenoid valve is modulated into a pulsating high-pressure airflow with a set frequency and air pressure fluctuation through a pulsating check valve, and transmitted to the pulsating air supply branch pipe; the pulsating high-pressure airflow flows through the pulsating air supply branch pipe, and flows into the overlying pile in the form of a pulsating jet at the air jet hole at the pulsating air supply terminal, forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet with an α angle of 10-20° in the gas jet area, which lasts for 1 second;

[0017] d. The pressure sensor arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve and the pressure sensor arranged at the pulsating air supply terminal respectively measure the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve and the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal, and calculate the pressure difference; when the high-pressure air pulsating jet of time 1S ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve remains stable, but the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal is ≥0.2MPa, the automatic control system determines that the air permeability of the overlying pile of the unit is poor and executes the explosive jet;

[0018] e. After step d is executed, the automatic control system executes the high-pressure air pulsating jet oxygenation action: the air solenoid valve opening is controlled by the air solenoid valve switch controller to control the switch and air flow of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe to the pulsating check valve, and the pulsating check valve modulates the air flow supplied by the air solenoid valve into a pulsating high-pressure air flow with a set frequency and air pressure fluctuation, and transmits it to the pulsating air supply branch pipe; the pulsating high-pressure air flow flows through the pulsating air supply branch pipe, and flows into the overlying pile body in the form of a pulsating jet at the air jet hole at the pulsating air supply terminal, forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet with an α angle of 10-20 degrees in the gas jet area; when the overlying pile body oxygen concentration sensor detects that the overlying pile body oxygen concentration is greater than 19.0%, the oxygenation is completed;

[0019] When the high-pressure air pulsating jet of time 1S ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve remains stable, and the gas pressure at the pulsating air supply terminal is less than 0.2MPa, the automatic control system determines that the air permeability of the overlying pile of the unit is good, and the automatic control system skips step d and directly executes step e to start the high-pressure air pulsating jet oxygenation action to oxygenate the overlying pile;

[0020] f. When the oxygen concentration sensor of the overlying pile detects that the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile is > 10.0% for 24 hours and the temperature sensor measures that the terminal temperature of the pulsed air supply is < 40°C, the automatic control system determines that the gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation is completed.

[0021] The pulsating air supply terminal in each group is an independent safety monitoring unit. It uses a forced locker and bio-wave detection to detect the passing of people around, and uses a Hall sensor to detect the passing of equipment around. The passing of people or equipment will trigger an alarm, and the forced locker will issue a locking command to the methane solenoid valve switch controller and air solenoid valve within a range of 5 meters front and back, stopping the pulsating air supply system and methane supply system to ensure the safety of people and equipment.

[0022] The pulsation check valve independently performs a closing action according to the pressure difference before and after the valve body. The pulsation check valve closes when the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the pulsation check valve and the air solenoid valve is greater than the set pulsation pressure lower limit.

[0023] The automatic control system includes three control integrations: methane gas supply system control integration, pulsating air supply system control integration and sensor integration; the details are as follows:

[0024] (I) Methane gas supply system control integration: The explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valves are arranged at the front and end of the methane gas supply branch pipe in a front and rear stage form, respectively, to ensure the safety of the methane gas supply main pipe in a two-stage form; the switch controllers of each methane solenoid valve are interrelated and independently control the opening and closing of each explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve and the methane gas supply volume. The priority of the forced lock is higher than that of the methane solenoid valve switch controller. When the forced lock is in the control state, the methane solenoid valve switch controller continuously maintains the lock information output;

[0025] The start and stop of the explosion-proof booster check pump is conditioned by the gas output of the front-end explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve. When the explosion-proof booster check pump is in the locked state, the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline between its front end and the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve is maintained at 0.15MPa, and the adjacent explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve is opened. When the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is higher than 0.2MPa, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve is automatically started.

[0026] When the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is lower than 0.15MPa, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve will automatically stop;

[0027] (ii) Pulsating air supply system control integration: including air solenoid valve, air solenoid valve switch controller, forced lock and pulsating check valve; the air solenoid valve switch controller controls the opening and closing of the air solenoid valve and controls the air flow rate. The forced lock has a higher priority than the air solenoid valve switch controller. When the forced lock is in the control state, the air solenoid valve switch controller continuously outputs the locking information; the operating frequency of the pulsating check valve (3-12) is controlled by the air flow rate of the front air solenoid valve (3-3). The greater the air flow rate, the higher the operating frequency of the pulsating check valve (3-12). The air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the front end of the pulsating check valve (3-12) and the air solenoid valve (3-3) continuously fluctuates between the lower limit of the pulsating pressure and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2), forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet. The lower limit of the pulsating pressure is 0.3MPa-the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2);

[0028] (III) Sensor integration: including automatic control system operator, forced lock, temperature sensor, ignition coil, methane concentration sensor, flame sensor, pressure sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, bio-wave sensor, Hall sensor and overlying stack oxygen concentration sensor. All the above sensor detection data are transmitted to the automatic control system operator through signal lines. The automatic control system operator controls the corresponding valve body and controller action according to the input data. At the same time, the valve body and controller feed back the action execution signal to the automatic control system operator to complete the control process. The forced locker can actively detect the passage of surrounding machinery and equipment or personnel through bio-wave sensors and Hall sensors. When any detection indicator alarms, a locking command will be issued to the methane solenoid valve switch controller and the air solenoid valve within a range of 5 meters front and back; pressure sensors are arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve and the end of the methane gas distribution terminal respectively to realize the evaluation of the action effect of the pulsating air supply system; high-pressure air pulsating jet realizes intermittent oxygen supply operation of the fermentation body, and the oxygen supply cycle is controlled by the automatic control system. The automatic control system monitors the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile through the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor. The oxygen supply is started when the oxygen concentration is lower than 10.0%, and the oxygen supply is stopped when the oxygen concentration is higher than 19.0%, and the oxygen supply cycle has an uneven interval characteristic.

[0029] In step d, the action of performing the explosion jet is as follows: the switch and the methane supply volume from the methane gas supply branch pipe to the methane gas distribution terminal are controlled by using the explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve to start and stop and flow monitoring. The explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve only allows methane to flow from the methane gas supply branch pipe to the methane gas distribution terminal in one direction. The check pressure tolerance is not less than 5.0MPa, and the response time is less than 1mS; the explosion-proof booster check pump pressurizes the methane output by the explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve, and the air pressure is increased to 3 times the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe before being ejected to the methane gas distribution terminal, and further ejected through the methane gas distribution hole to the pulsating air supply terminal. An explosive environment is formed inside the terminal, and after being detonated by the ignition coil, the explosive gas is ejected through the methane cloth air holes to form an explosion jet; the total amount of methane jetted to the pulsating air supply terminal each time is 11.5% of the volume of the pulsating air supply terminal, and the explosion process is strictly limited to the inside of the pulsating air supply terminal; the mixed gas explodes, and an instantaneous high-pressure environment is formed at the pulsating air supply terminal. The high-pressure gas quickly passes through the air jet holes to form an explosion jet and is injected into the fermentation pile body. The jet pressure is 0.7-1.5MPa. The goal of the explosion jet is to achieve perforation enhancement of the dense pile body to improve the air permeability of the pile body, and the enhancement process does not produce an explosion shock to the pile body.

[0030] Beneficial effects: Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention utilizes the mutual cooperation of the pulsating air supply system, the methane supply system, the automatic control system and the gas jet zone to solve four technical problems, as follows:

[0031] Technical problem (1): First, each pulsating air supply terminal is an independent unit. Each independent unit has a complete pulsating air supply system, methane supply system, and automatic control system, and the gas jet zone is implemented according to the permeability of the pile. The automatic control system measures the pressure change of the pulsating air supply terminal through an instantaneous high-pressure air pulsating jet (duration 1S), and evaluates the permeability of the pile above. If the pile has poor permeability, the air pressure drop of the pulsating air supply terminal is slow, and the pile has significant gas retention characteristics, the explosive jet is first started to perforate the pile to improve the permeability, and then the high-pressure air pulsating jet is started to oxygenate the pile; if the air permeability of the pile is good, the air pressure drop of the pulsating air supply terminal is slow and will drop rapidly. At this time, the high-pressure air pulsating jet is directly started to complete the pile oxygenation operation.

[0032] Technical problem (2): The pile body is permeable to explosive jets. The automatic control system controls the methane gas supply system to form an explosive environment inside the pulsating air supply terminal. The explosion of the mixed gas inside the pulsating air supply terminal forms an instantaneous high pressure. The high-pressure gas quickly passes through the air jet hole to form an explosive jet and is injected into the fermentation pile body. The jet pressure is 0.7-1.5MPa. The goal of the explosive jet is to achieve perforation permeability enhancement of the dense pile body to improve the permeability of the pile body (the pile body has the characteristics of high water content (water content>55%), loose solid accumulation and low density). In the technical implementation, first, the explosion process is strictly limited to the inside of the pulsating air supply terminal, and the explosion shock wave will not directly act on the pile body. Secondly, the explosive jet only acts within the angle range of 10°-20°a in the vertical direction of the air jet hole. The jet diffusion direction develops along the main crack direction in the angle range of a. Since the explosion is a one-time explosion, the explosion jet can last for <100ms. Thereby, the explosion jet can act on a part of the pile body instantaneously, the permeability enhancement process will not cause the pile body to vibrate, and it is ensured that the pile body and the bacteria will not be subjected to instantaneous impact.

[0033] Technical problem (3): Each pulsating air supply terminal is an independent unit, and a forced lock is used to use bio-wave detection to detect the passing of people around (the bio-wave detector is realized by using the heartbeat electric pulse coupling method, which is limited by the fermentation environment and is not suitable for infrared detection and motion detection); the Hall sensor is used to detect the passing of surrounding equipment; the passing of people or equipment will trigger an alarm, and the forced lock will issue a locking command to the methane solenoid valve switch controller and the air solenoid valve switch controller within a range of 5 meters in front and behind, stopping the pulsating air supply system and the methane supply system to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0034] Technical Problem (4): An oxygen concentration sensor for the overlying pile is installed at the bottom of the overlying pile 0.5m away from the pulsating air supply terminal. The automatic control system observes the change of oxygen concentration of the overlying pile in real time during the lockout period. When the oxygen concentration decreases and is lower than 10.0%, the automatic control system determines that the oxygen concentration in the area is too low and performs oxygenation. Therefore, after each oxygenation operation, the automatic control system can determine in real time whether the area needs oxygenation by monitoring the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the overlying pile.

[0035] Compared with the existing biomass fermentation technology, the following technical problems are mainly solved:

[0036] (1) The equipment can detect the air permeability of the pile above and determine whether to oxygenate directly or to increase the air permeability before oxygenating;

[0037] (2) The pile body anti-reflection only acts on a part of the pile body, and the anti-reflection process will not cause the pile body to vibrate, thereby ensuring that the pile body and the bacteria will not be subjected to instantaneous impact;

[0038] (3) The local pile can be operated at any time, and the pile transparency enhancement can actively ensure the safety of people, machines and the environment.

[0039] (4) Oxygenation is performed on demand according to changes in the oxygen concentration in the pile, reducing unnecessary energy loss caused by continuous oxygenation.

[0040] The main advantages are:

[0041] (1) The transparency enhancement does not rely on large-scale compost turning equipment, and the technical implementation cost is low;

[0042] (2) Independently determine the air permeability of the pile, and carry out targeted permeability enhancement on the pile areas with poor air permeability. The technical implementation has clear objectives;

[0043] (3) The transmittance enhancement is instantaneous. During the implementation of the technology, the pile does not vibrate, the current material distribution in the pile does not change, and the pile position does not change;

[0044] (4) The pile turning, permeability enhancement and oxygen supply are automated, without the need for human intervention;

[0045] (5) Compared with compost turning equipment, it has a simpler structure and higher reliability; compared with conventional constant pressure oxygenation, the pulsating oxygenation technology can form a pulsating wave peak in the crack space of the pile and effectively improve the oxygenation efficiency of the pile. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a group of independent unit structures of a pulsating air supply system of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of multi-control point parallel units of multiple groups of pulsating air supply systems of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Side view of the multi-control point parallel unit structure;

[0049] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automatic control system of the present invention.

[0050] In the figure: pulsating air supply system, 1, high pressure air supply main line, 1-1, high pressure air supply branch pipe, 1-2, pulsating air supply branch pipe, 1-3, pulsating air supply terminal, 1-4, air jet hole, 1-5, methane supply system, 2, methane supply main pipe, 2-1, methane supply branch pipe, 2-2, methane distribution terminal, 2-3, methane distribution hole, 2-4, automatic control system, 3, automatic control system operator, 3-0, explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve, 3-1, methane solenoid valve switch controller, 3-2, air solenoid valve , 3-3, air solenoid valve switch controller, 3-4, forced lock, 3-5, temperature sensor, 3-6, ignition coil, 3-7, methane concentration sensor, 3-8, flame sensor, 3-9, pressure sensor, 3-10, oxygen concentration sensor, 3-11, pulsation check valve, 3-12, explosion-proof booster check pump, 3-13, bio-wave sensor, 3-14; Hall sensor, 3-15; overburden oxygen concentration sensor, 3-16; gas jet zone, 4; overburden, 5; overburden pores, 5-1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings:

[0052] The gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device of the present invention comprises an independent unit structure or a parallel unit structure consisting of one or more groups of pulsating air supply systems 1, methane supply systems 2 and automatic control systems 3. A group of independent unit structures is set according to actual needs, such as Figure 1 As shown; or setting two, three, four or more groups of parallel unit structures. Figure 2 It is a four-group parallel unit structure. Each group of pulsating air supply system 1 is connected to the methane supply system 2 and is located at the bottom of the overlying pile 5. Figure 3 As shown, air is jetted toward the overlying stack 5 through the air jet holes to form a gas jet zone 4 with an angle α of 10-20°; the automatic control system 3 is connected to the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2 respectively;

[0053] The pulsating air supply system 1 includes a high-pressure air supply section and a pulsating air supply section. The high-pressure air supply section includes a high-pressure air supply trunk line 1-1 and a high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 connected to the high-pressure air supply trunk line 1-1. The pulsating air supply section includes a pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, a pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 connected to the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, and an air jet hole 1-5. The air jet hole 1-5 of the pulsating air supply section faces the overlying pile body 5 and is connected to the atmosphere through the overlying pile body pore 5-1; the air pressure in the high-pressure air supply trunk line 1-1 and the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 in the high-pressure air supply section is equal and constant, and the upper and lower limits of the constant air pressure are set to: 0.3-1.5MPa. The air pressure of the pulsating air supply section during non-working period is approximately equal to 0.1MPa; the pressure fluctuation of the pulsating air supply section during working period is between the lower limit of the pulsating pressure set by the pulsating check valve 3-12 and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2.

[0054] The methane gas supply system 2 includes a gas supply network and a gas distribution system. The gas supply network includes a methane gas supply main pipe 2-1 and a methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2 connected to the gas supply network including the methane gas supply main pipe 2-1; the gas distribution system includes a methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 and a methane gas distribution hole 2-4 connected to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3. The methane gas pressure in the gas supply network is maintained at 0.2-0.3MPa.

[0055] The automatic control system 3 includes an automatic control system operator 3-0 of model JD-CC20868, and an explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 of model JD-EXEV-H01, a methane solenoid valve switch controller (GS) 3-2 of model JD-EXEV-C01, a forced lock (FL) 3-5 of model JD-EXEV-CF1 and an explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 of model JD-HX032P, which are connected in sequence at the front of the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2. The PT100 temperature sensor (T) 3-6, the 8N135U ignition coil (F) 3-7, the 15TT-R methane concentration sensor (C) 3-8, the JD-PT100CU50 flame sensor (H) 3-9, the JD-FY01S pressure sensor (P) 3-10 and the JD-O0021 oxygen concentration sensor (O) 3-11 connected in sequence at the rear of the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2 are located 1-4 meters away from the pulsating air supply terminal. At the bottom of the 0.5m overlying pile 5, there are BioM20 biowave sensor (B) 3-14, MM34CTX Hall sensor (A) 3-15, JD-O0021TX overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (O1) 3-16, and JD-EV-02 air solenoid valve 3-3, JD-HC41XT pulsating check valve 3-12 and JD-EV-C02 air solenoid valve switch controller (AS) 3-4 located in the middle of the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2, which are connected in sequence; the methane supply branch pipe 2-2 and the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 are connected via an explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 and an explosion-proof booster check pump 3-13.

[0056] The signal link method of the automatic control system is as follows Figure 4As shown: the forced lock 3-5, temperature sensor 3-6, ignition coil 3-7, methane concentration sensor 3-8, flame sensor 3-9, pressure sensor 3-10, oxygen concentration sensor 3-11, bio-wave sensor 3-14, Hall sensor 3-15 and overlying stack oxygen concentration sensor 3-16 in the automatic control system are connected to the automatic control system operator 3-0 through signal lines, and all valve body status, sensor detection data, controller status and other signals are transmitted to the automatic control system operator 3-0. The automatic control system operator 3-0 controls the corresponding valve body and controller action according to the input data. At the same time, the valve body and the controller feed back the action execution signal to the automatic control system operator 3-0 to complete the control process. In addition, the forced lock 3-5 in the methane gas supply system control integration is directly connected to the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 through a signal line, and the forced lock 3-5 in the pulsating air gas supply system control integration is directly connected to the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 through a signal line, thereby realizing the control of the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 and the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 by the forced lock 3-5.

[0057] The fermentation method using the above-mentioned gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0058] a. Connect one or more pulsating air supply systems 1 and methane supply systems 2 and place them at the bottom of the overlying stack 5; connect the automatic control system 3 to the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2 respectively; connect the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the pulsating check valve 3-12 to the high-pressure air supply section; connect the air solenoid valve 3-3 to the signal line of the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4; the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 controls the opening of the air solenoid valve 3-3; the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 sends a flow signal to the air solenoid valve 3-3 in the form of a digital signal; the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 controls the valve opening to supply air to the pulsating check valve 3-12 in the form of a constant flow; the air solenoid valve 3-3 controls the opening and closing of the air supply and the flow rate in the system; the pulsating check valve 3-12 The closing action is performed independently according to the pressure difference before and after the valve body. When the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the pulsation check valve 3-12 and the air solenoid valve 3-3 is less than the set pulsation pressure lower limit, the pulsation check valve 3-12 is closed, and when the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 is reached, the pulsation check valve 3-12 is opened; the action frequency of the pulsation check valve 3-12 is controlled by the air flow rate of the front air solenoid valve 3-3. The larger the air flow rate, the higher the action frequency of the pulsation check valve 3-12; the temperature sensor 3-6, the methane concentration sensor 3-8, the flame sensor 3-9, the pressure sensor 3-10, and the oxygen concentration sensor 3-11 are plugged into the pulsation air supply terminal 1-4, and the bio-wave sensor 3-14, the Hall sensor 3-15, and the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor 3-16 are installed at the bottom of the overlying pile 5 0.5m away from the pulsation air supply terminal 1-4;

[0059] b. The overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor 3-16 observes the oxygen concentration change of the overlying pile 5 in real time. When the oxygen concentration decreases and is lower than 10.0%, the automatic control system 3 determines that the oxygen concentration in the area is low and performs oxygenation;

[0060] c. The automatic control system 3 uses the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 to control the air solenoid valve 3-3 to be fully opened for 1S, and modulates the air flow supplied by the air solenoid valve 3-3 into a pulsating high-pressure air flow with a set frequency and air pressure fluctuation through the pulsating check valve 3-12, and transmits it to the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3; the pulsating high-pressure air flow flows through the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, and flows into the overlying stack 5 in the form of a pulsating jet at the air jet hole 1-5 of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet with an α angle of 10-20° in the gas jet area 4, which lasts for 1S;

[0061] d. The pressure sensor 3-10 arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the pressure sensor 3-10 arranged at the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 respectively measure the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and calculate the pressure difference; when the high-pressure air pulsation jet of time 1S ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve 3-3 remains stable, but the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 is ≥0.2MPa, the automatic control system 3. It is determined that the overlying pile of the unit has poor air permeability, and the explosion jet action is performed: the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 is used to start and stop and flow monitoring to control the switch and methane supply volume from the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2 to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3. The explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 only allows methane to flow from the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2 to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 in one direction. The check pressure tolerance is not less than 5.0MPa, and the response time is less than 1mS; the explosion-proof booster check pump 3-13 will turn the explosion-proof check valve 3-13 into the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3. The methane output from the constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 is pressurized, and the air pressure increases to 3 times the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2, and then it is ejected to the methane distribution terminal 2-3, and further ejected to the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 through the methane distribution hole 2-4, forming an explosive environment inside the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4. After being detonated by the ignition coil 3-7, the explosive gas is ejected through the methane distribution hole 2-4 to form an explosion jet; the total amount of methane ejected to the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 each time is the pulse air supply terminal 1-4. The explosion process is strictly limited to 11.5% of the volume of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and the mixed gas explodes, forming an instantaneous high-pressure environment in the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and the high-pressure gas quickly passes through the air jet holes 1-5 to form an explosion jet and is injected into the fermentation pile body. The jet pressure is 0.7-1.5MPa. The goal of the explosion jet is to achieve perforation enhancement of the dense pile body to improve the air permeability of the pile body, and the enhancement process does not produce an explosion impact on the pile body.

[0062] e. After step d is executed, the automatic control system 3 executes the high-pressure air pulsating jet oxygenation action: the opening of the air solenoid valve 3-3 is controlled by the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 to control the switch and air flow from the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 to the pulsating check valve 3-12. The action frequency of the pulsating check valve 3-12 is controlled by the air air flow of the front-end air solenoid valve 3-3. The larger the air flow, the higher the action frequency of the pulsating check valve 3-12; the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the front end of the pulsating check valve 3-12 and the air solenoid valve 3-3 continuously fluctuates between the lower limit of the pulsating pressure and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2, forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet, and transmitting it to the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3. The pulsating high-pressure airflow flows through the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, and flows into the overlying pile body 5 in the form of a pulsating jet at the air jet hole 1-5 of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet with an α angle of 10-20 degrees in the gas jet area 4; when the overlying pile body oxygen concentration sensor 3-16 detects that the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile body 5 is greater than 19.0%, the oxygenation ends;

[0063] When the high-pressure air pulsating jet of time 1S ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve 3-3 remains stable, and the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 is less than 0.2MPa, the automatic control system 3 determines that the air permeability of the overlying pile body 5 of the unit is good, and the automatic control system (3) skips step d and directly executes step e to start the high-pressure air pulsating jet oxygenation action to oxygenate the overlying pile body (5);

[0064] f. When the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor 3-16 monitors that the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile 5 is >10.0% for 24 hours and the temperature sensor 3-6 determines that the temperature of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 is <40°C, the automatic control system 3 determines that the gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation is completed.

[0065] The pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 in each group is an independent safety monitoring unit. It uses the forced lock 3-5 and the bio-wave detection 3-14 to detect the passing information of the surrounding personnel, and uses the Hall sensor 3-15 to detect the passing information of the surrounding equipment. The passing of personnel or equipment will trigger an alarm, and the forced lock 3-5 will issue a locking command to the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 and the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 within a range of 5 meters front and back, stopping the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2 to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0066] The automatic control system 3 includes three control integrations:

[0067] (i) Control integration of methane gas supply system 2: The explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 is arranged at the front and end of the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2 in a front and rear stage form, respectively, to ensure the safety of the methane gas supply main pipe 2-1 in a two-stage form; each methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 is interrelated and independently controls the opening and closing of each explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 and the methane gas supply volume, the priority of the forced lock 3-5 is higher than that of the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2, and the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 continuously maintains the locking information output when the forced lock 3-5 is in the control state;

[0068] The start and stop of the explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 is conditioned by the gas output of the front explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1. When the explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 is in a locked state, the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline between its front end and the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 is maintained at 0.15MPa, and the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 adjacent to it is opened. When the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is higher than 0.2MPa, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 automatically starts, and when the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is lower than 0.15MPa, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 automatically stops;

[0069] (ii) Control integration of pulsating air supply system 1: including air solenoid valve 3-3, air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4, forced lock 3-5 and pulsating check valve 3-12. Air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 controls the opening and closing of air solenoid valve 3-3 and controls the air flow rate. The priority of forced lock 3-5 is higher than that of air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4. Under the control state, forced lock 3-5 continuously outputs locking information to air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4. The action of pulsating check valve 3-12 is conditioned by the air output of front-end air solenoid valve 3-3. It automatically acts when the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between its front end and air solenoid valve 3-3 is greater than the set pulsating pressure lower limit. The action frequency of pulsating check valve 3-12 is controlled by the air flow rate of air solenoid valve 3-3 at the front end. The greater the air flow rate, the higher the action frequency of pulsating check valve 3-12. The air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the front end of the pulsation check valve 3-12 and the air solenoid valve 3-3 continuously fluctuates between the lower limit of the pulsation pressure and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2, forming a high-pressure air pulsation jet, and the lower limit of the pulsation pressure is 0.3MPa-the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2;

[0070] (III) Sensor integration: including automatic control system operator 3-0, forced lock 3-5, temperature sensor 3-6, ignition coil 3-7, methane concentration sensor 3-8, flame sensor 3-9, pressure sensor 3-10, oxygen concentration sensor 3-11, bio-wave sensor 3-14, Hall sensor 3-15, and overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor 3-16; forced lock 3-5 can actively detect surrounding equipment or personnel passing by through bio-wave sensor 3-14 and Hall sensor 3-15. If any detection indicator alarms, the methane solenoid valve switch within 5 meters in front and behind will be activated. The controller 3-2 and the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 issue a locking command; the pressure sensor 3-10 is respectively arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the end of the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 to evaluate the effect of the pulsating air supply system 1; the high-pressure air pulsating jet realizes the intermittent oxygen supply operation of the fermentation body, and the oxygen supply cycle is controlled by the automatic control system 3. The automatic control system 3 monitors the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile 5 through the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor 3-16. When the oxygen concentration is lower than 10.0%, the oxygen supply is started, and when the oxygen concentration is higher than 19.0%, the oxygen supply is stopped, and the oxygen supply cycle has an uneven interval feature. All the above sensor detection data are transmitted to the automatic control system operator 3-0 through the signal line, and the automatic control system operator 3-0 controls the corresponding valve body and controller action according to the input data.

[0071] Key technology 1: High-pressure air pulsation jet

[0072] High-pressure air pulsation jet is a form of gas jet realized by the pulsating air supply system 1 under the control of the automatic control system 3: the pulsating air supply system 1 consists of two parts: the high-pressure air supply section and the pulsating air supply section, wherein the high-pressure air supply section is composed of a high-pressure air supply main line 1-1 and a high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2; the pulsating air supply section is composed of a pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, a pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and an air jet hole 1-5).

[0073] The air pressure in the high-pressure air supply main line 1-1 and the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 in the high-pressure air supply section is equal and constant, and the upper and lower limits of the constant air pressure are set as: 0.3-1.5MPa.

[0074] The air jet holes 1-5 of the pulsating air supply section are connected to the overlying pile body 5. The overlying pile body pores 5-1 are connected to the atmosphere, so the air pressure of the pulsating air supply section during non-operation is approximately equal to 0.1 MPa (one atmosphere).

[0075] The high-pressure air supply section and the pulsating air supply section are connected by the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the pulsating check valve 3-12. The action of the air solenoid valve 3-3 is controlled by the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4. The air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 sends a flow signal to the air solenoid valve 3-3 in the form of a digital signal. The solenoid valve controls the valve opening to supply air to the pulsating check valve 3-12 in the form of a constant flow. Therefore, the main function of the air solenoid valve 3-3 in the system is to open and close the air supply and control the flow rate.

[0076] The action of the pulsation check valve 3-12 is conditioned by the air output of the air solenoid valve 3-3 at the front end, and the check valve 3-12 automatically acts when the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the front end and the air solenoid valve 3-3 is greater than the set pulsation pressure lower limit.

[0077] Before implementation, first set the pulsation pressure lower limit of the pulsation check valve 3-12, and the setting range of the pulsation pressure lower limit is: 0.3MPa-high pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 pressure; when the air solenoid valve 3-3 is closed, the air pressure in the pipeline connecting the front end of the pulsation check valve 3-12 and the air solenoid valve 3-3 is ≤ the pulsation pressure lower limit. After the air solenoid valve 3-3 is opened, the pressure at the front end of the pulsation check valve 3-12 rises. When the air pressure in the connecting pipeline is equal to the pressure of the high pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2, the pulsation check valve 3-12 starts to work; as the gas is released, the air pressure in the connecting pipeline decreases. When the air pressure is less than the pulsation pressure lower limit, the pulsation check valve 3-12 is closed. As a result, the output airflow of the pulsation check valve 3-12 continues to fluctuate between the pulsation pressure lower limit and the pressure of the high pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2, forming a pulsating airflow in the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3. Since the air solenoid valve 3-3 limits the gas flow rate input to the pulsating check valve 3-12, according to the ideal gas equation, the gas flow output by the pulsating check valve 3-12 has the characteristics of low pressure and high flow rate - high pressure and low flow rate.

[0078] The pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and the air jet hole 1-5 of the pulsating air supply section are interconnected, and are connected to the pile body through the air jet hole 1-5. When the air permeability of the pile body is good, the pressure and air flow fluctuations of the pulsating jet of high-pressure air flowing out of the air jet hole 1-5 are relatively gentle; when the air permeability of the pile body is poor, the pile body has a certain pressure-maintaining ability for the air jet hole 1-5, and the pressure and air flow fluctuations of the pulsating jet of high-pressure air flowing out of the air jet hole 1-5 become larger, thereby forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet in the air jet hole 1-5. The high-pressure air pulsating jet has a certain ability to increase the permeability of the pile body, can maintain the air permeability of the pile body, and the pulsating pressure can more effectively improve the oxygenation capacity of the pile body.

[0079] Key technology 2: Explosive jet

[0080] The explosive jet is a form of gas jet realized by the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2 under the control of the automatic control system 3: before each oxygenation operation is performed, the automatic control system 3 first autonomously determines whether the explosive jet needs to be performed. Before each independent unit is oxygenated, the instantaneous high-pressure air pulsating jet is first started, the time is controlled at 1S, and the air solenoid valve 3-3 is fully opened. The pressure sensor 3-10 arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the pressure sensor 3-10 arranged at the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 respectively measure the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve 3-3 and the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and calculate the pressure difference. If the 1S instantaneous high-pressure air pulsating jet ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve 3-3 remains stable, but the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 is ≥0.2MPa, the automatic control system 3 determines that the air permeability of the overlying pile 5 of the unit is poor and the explosive jet needs to be performed.

[0081] When performing explosive jet, the methane gas supply system 2 needs to arrange methane in the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 and form an explosive environment. The methane gas supply system 2 consists of a gas supply network consisting of a methane gas supply main pipe 2-1 and a methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2, and a gas distribution system consisting of a methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 and a methane gas distribution hole 2-4. The methane gas pressure in the gas supply network is maintained at 0.2-0.3MPa. The methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2 is connected to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 through an explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 and an explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13; and explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valves 3-1 are arranged at the front and rear ends of the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2, respectively, which only allow methane to flow from the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2 to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3 in one direction, and the check tolerance pressure is not less than 5.0MPa, and the response time is less than 1mS; to improve the safety of the system. The explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 and the explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 are both independently controlled by the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 connected to each of them.

[0082] The automatic control system 3 methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 sends a connection command to the explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 at the front end of the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2, and the explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 opens and counts the flow; further, the automatic control system 3 methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 sends a connection command to the explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 at the end of the methane gas supply branch pipe 2-2, and the explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 opens and counts the flow.

[0083] When the independent unit is composed of a pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, the flow rates counted by the explosion-proof check and constant-volume solenoid valve 3-1 at the front and end of the methane supply branch pipe 2-2 should be equal. When the flow rate is equal to 11.5% of the volume of the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, the methane concentration sensor 3-8 monitors the methane concentration: 11.5%, the explosion-proof check and constant-volume solenoid valve 3-1 is closed, and the gas supply is stopped.

[0084] When the independent unit is composed of n (adjacent or non-adjacent) pulsating air supply terminals 1-4, the statistical flow rate at the front end of the methane supply branch pipe 2-2 is n times the statistical flow rate of the explosion-proof check and constant volume electromagnetic valve 3-1 at the end. When the statistical flow rate of the explosion-proof check and constant volume electromagnetic valve 3-1 of each methane supply branch pipe 2-2 is equal to 11.5% of the volume of the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3, the methane concentration sensor 3-8 monitors the methane concentration: 11.5%, and the corresponding explosion-proof check and constant volume electromagnetic valve 3-1 at the end is closed. When the statistical flow rate of the explosion-proof check and constant volume electromagnetic valve 3-1 at the front end is equal to n times the statistical flow value of the explosion-proof check and constant volume electromagnetic valve 3-1 at the end, the explosion-proof check and constant volume electromagnetic valve 3-1 at the front end is closed to stop the gas supply.

[0085] Therefore, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 utilizes valve start and stop and flow monitoring to control the switch and methane supply volume of the methane supply branch pipe 2-2 to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3, and controls the methane concentration in the pulsating air supply branch pipe 1-3 to reach 11.5%. The methane concentration of 11.5% is the optimal methane concentration under the saturated composite steam concentration conditions of the fermentation closed environment obtained by optimizing the research results on the influence of the moisture content change of more than 150 combinations of biomass during fermentation on methane explosion.

[0086] The explosion-proof booster check pump 3-13 boosts the methane output from the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1, and the gas pressure is increased to 3 times the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2, and then jetted to the methane gas distribution terminal 2-3. The methane gas distribution in the form of jetting is to form turbulence in the high-pressure air supply branch pipe 1-2 to improve the mixing effect. The start and stop of the explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 is conditioned by the gas output of the front-end explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1. When the explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 is in a locked state, the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline between its front end and the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 is maintained at 0.15MPa; when the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve 3-1 adjacent to it is opened, the explosion-proof boost check pump 3-13 automatically starts when the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is higher than 0.2MPa, and automatically stops when the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is lower than 0.15MPa.

[0087] The methane pressurized by the explosion-proof booster check pump 3-13 is jetted through the methane air distribution hole 2-4 to the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, where it is mixed with air in the pipeline by turbulence to form an explosive gas environment. The automatic control system 3 further checks whether the explosion environment meets the methane explosion conditions through the methane concentration sensor 3-8 and the oxygen concentration sensor 3-11, and determines that the methane concentration is 11.5% and the oxygen concentration is not less than 19.0%. The ignition coil 3-7 is ignited, and the explosion is completed inside the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4.

[0088] During the explosion, the automatic control system 3 monitors the explosion conditions in the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 through the temperature sensor 3-6, the methane concentration sensor 3-8, the flame sensor 3-9, the pressure sensor 3-10, and the oxygen concentration sensor 3-11.

[0089] (1) Temperature sensors 3-6 monitor the instantaneous high temperature of the explosion;

[0090] (2) The methane concentration sensor 3-8 measured that the methane concentration dropped from 11.5% to below 0.5% before and after the explosion;

[0091] (3) Flame sensor 3-9 monitors the flame peak during the explosion process;

[0092] (4) The oxygen concentration sensor 3-11 monitored the oxygen concentration before and after the explosion, which dropped from 21% to below 1.5%.

[0093] When no less than three of the above four indicators meet the requirements, the explosion is deemed valid.

[0094] The explosion process will form instantaneous high pressure in the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4, and the high-pressure explosion gas will be ejected through the methane cloth air holes 2-4 to form an explosion jet. The explosion process is strictly limited to the inside of the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4.

[0095] After the explosion jet is completed, the automatic control system 3 automatically starts the high-pressure air pulsation jet to oxygenate the pile.

[0096] Key technology 3: Automatic determination of regional oxygenation

[0097] An overburden body oxygen concentration sensor 3-16 is installed at the bottom of the overburden body 5 at a distance of 0.5 m from the pulsating air supply terminal 1-4. The automatic control system 3 observes the change of the oxygen concentration of the overburden body 5 in real time during the locking period. When the oxygen concentration decreases and is lower than 10.0%, the automatic control system 3 determines that the oxygen concentration in the area is low and starts the oxygen supply operation according to the following steps: (1) Start an instantaneous high-pressure air pulsating jet with a duration of 1 second to measure the permeability of the overburden body; (2) When the permeability is poor, start the explosion jet to perform permeability enhancement; (3) When the permeability is good or after the explosion jet is executed, start the high-pressure air pulsating jet to perform oxygenation.

[0098] Key Technology 4: Safety during operation

[0099] Each pulsating air supply terminal 1-4 is an independent safety monitoring unit, which uses a forced lock 3-5 and a bio-wave detector 3-14 to detect the passing of people around (the bio-wave detector is realized by using the heartbeat electric pulse coupling method, which is limited by the fermentation environment and is not suitable for infrared detection and motion detection); the Hall sensor 3-15 is used to detect the passing of surrounding equipment; the passing of people or equipment will trigger an alarm, and the forced lock 3-5 will issue a locking command to the methane solenoid valve switch controller 3-2 and the air solenoid valve switch controller 3-4 within a range of 5 meters front and back, stopping the pulsating air supply system 1 and the methane supply system 2 to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0100] Conditions for releasing the locking command: When the forced locking device 3-5 detects that there is no person or equipment passing by for 5 consecutive minutes and the concentration of combustible gas in the air is lower than 0.1%, the forced locking device 3-5 is released, allowing the automatic control system 3 to implement the patented technology.

Claims

1. A gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device, characterized in that: It comprises one or more pulsating air supply systems (1), methane supply systems (2) and automatic control systems (3); the pulsating air supply system (1) is connected to the methane supply system (2), is located at the bottom of an overlying pile (5), and jets air toward the overlying pile (5) through air jet holes to form a gas jet area (4) with an angle α of 10-20°; and the automatic control system (3) is connected to the pulsating air supply system (1) and the methane supply system (2), respectively; The pulsating air supply system (1) comprises a high-pressure air supply section and a pulsating air supply section, wherein the high-pressure air supply section comprises a high-pressure air supply trunk line (1-1) and a high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2) connected to the high-pressure air supply trunk line (1-1), and the pulsating air supply section comprises a pulsating air supply branch pipe (1-3), a pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) connected to the pulsating air supply branch pipe (1-3), and an air jet hole (1-5), wherein the air jet hole (1-5) of the pulsating air supply section faces the overlying pile body (5) and is connected to the atmosphere through the pores (5-1) of the overlying pile body; The methane gas supply system (2) comprises a gas supply network and a gas distribution system. The gas supply network comprises a methane gas supply main pipe (2-1) and a methane gas supply branch pipe (2-2) connected to the methane gas supply main pipe (2-1); the gas distribution system comprises a methane gas distribution terminal (2-3) and a methane gas distribution hole (2-4) connected to the methane gas distribution terminal (2-3); The automatic control system (3) comprises an explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1), a methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2), a forced lock (3-5) and an explosion-proof boost check pump (3-13) which are connected in sequence at the front of the pulsating air supply system (1) and the methane supply system (2), and a temperature sensor (3-6), an ignition coil (3-7), a methane concentration sensor (3-8), a flame sensor (3-9), a pressure sensor (3-10) and an oxygen concentration sensor (3-11) which are connected in sequence at the rear of the pulsating air supply system (1) and the methane supply system (2), and is located 0.5 m, a biowave sensor (3-14), a Hall sensor (3-15), an oxygen concentration sensor (3-16) for the overlying pile at the bottom, an air solenoid valve (3-3), a pulsating check valve (3-12) and an air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) connected in sequence in the middle of the pulsating air supply system (1) and the methane supply system (2); all valve bodies, sensors and controllers of the automatic control system (3) are connected to the automatic control system operator (3-0) through signal lines, and the forced lock (3-5) is directly connected to the methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2) or the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) through signal lines; The methane gas supply branch pipe (2-2) and the methane gas distribution terminal (2-3) are connected via an explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) and an explosion-proof boost check pump (3-13); The air pressure in the high-pressure air supply main line (1-1) and the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2) in the high-pressure air supply section is equal and constant, and the constant air pressure is: 0.3-1.5 MPa; The air pressure of the pulsating air supply section during non-operating period is approximately equal to 0.1 MPa; the pressure fluctuation of the pulsating air supply section during operating period is between the lower limit of the pulsating pressure set by the pulsating check valve (3-12) and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2); The methane pressure in the gas supply network is maintained at 0.2-0.3 MPa.

2. A fermentation method using the gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps include: a. Connect one or more pulsating air supply systems (1) and methane supply systems (2) and place them at the bottom of the overlying pile (5); connect the automatic control system (3) to the pulsating air supply system (1) and the methane supply system (2) respectively; connect the air solenoid valve (3-3) and the pulsating check valve (3-12) to the high-pressure air supply section; connect the air solenoid valve (3-3) to the signal line of the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4); the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) controls the opening action of the air solenoid valve (3-3); and the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) sends a flow signal to the air solenoid valve (3-3) in the form of a digital signal. ), the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) controls the valve opening to supply air to the pulsating check valve (3-12) in a constant flow form; the air solenoid valve (3-3) controls the opening and closing of the air supply and the flow rate in the system; the temperature sensor (3-6), the methane concentration sensor (3-8), the flame sensor (3-9), the pressure sensor (3-10), and the oxygen concentration sensor (3-11) are plugged into the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4); the bio-wave sensor (3-14), the Hall sensor (3-15), and the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (3-16) are installed at the bottom of the overlying pile (5) 0.5 m away from the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4); b. The overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (3-16) observes the oxygen concentration change of the overlying pile (5) in real time. When the oxygen concentration decreases and is lower than 10.0%, the automatic control system (3) determines that the oxygen concentration in the area is low and performs oxygenation; c. The automatic control system (3) uses the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) to control the air solenoid valve (3-3) to be fully opened for 1 second, and modulates the air flow supplied by the air solenoid valve (3-3) into a pulsating high-pressure air flow with a set frequency and air pressure fluctuation through the pulsating check valve (3-12), and transmits it to the pulsating air supply branch pipe (1-3); the pulsating high-pressure air flow flows through the pulsating air supply branch pipe (1-3), and flows into the overlying pile (5) in the form of a pulsating jet at the air jet hole (1-5) of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4), forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet with an α angle of 10-20° in the gas jet area (4), and lasting for 1 second; d. The pressure sensor (3-10) arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve (3-3) and the pressure sensor (3-10) arranged at the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) respectively measure the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve (3-3) and the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4), and calculate the pressure difference; when the high-pressure air pulsating jet of time 1 s ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve (3-3) remains stable, but the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) is ≥0.2 MPa, the automatic control system (3) determines that the air permeability of the overlying pile of the unit is poor, and executes the explosion jet; e. After step d is executed, the automatic control system (3) executes the high-pressure air pulsating jet oxygenation action: the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) controls the opening of the air solenoid valve (3-3) to control the switch and air flow rate from the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2) to the pulsating check valve (3-12); the pulsating check valve (3-12) modulates the air flow supplied by the air solenoid valve (3-3) into a pulsating high-pressure air flow with a set frequency and air pressure fluctuation, and transmits it to the pulsating air supply branch pipe (1-3); the pulsating high-pressure air flow flows through the pulsating air supply branch pipe (1-3), and flows into the overlying pile (5) in the form of a pulsating jet at the air jet hole (1-5) of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4), forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet with an α angle of 10-20 degrees in the gas jet area (4); when the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (3-16) detects that the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile (5) is greater than 19.0 %, oxygenation ends; When the high-pressure air pulsating jet of time 1 s ends, the air supply pressure of the air solenoid valve (3-3) remains stable, and the gas pressure of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) is less than 0.2 MPa, the automatic control system (3) determines that the air permeability of the overlying pile body (5) of the unit is good, and the automatic control system (3) skips step d and directly executes step e to start the high-pressure air pulsating jet oxygenation action to oxygenate the overlying pile body (5); f. When the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (3-16) detects that the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile (5) is > 10.0% for 24 hours, and the temperature sensor (3-6) measures that the temperature of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) is < 40°C, the automatic control system (3) determines that the gas pulse permeability enhancement biomass fermentation is completed.

3. The fermentation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) in each group is an independent safety monitoring unit. It uses a forced lock (3-5) and a bio-wave sensor (3-14) to detect the passing of people around, and uses a Hall sensor (3-15) to detect the passing of equipment around. The passing of people or equipment triggers an alarm, and the forced lock (3-5) issues a locking command to the methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2) and the air solenoid valve (3-3) within a range of 5 meters in front and behind, stopping the pulsating air supply system (1) and the methane supply system (2) to ensure the safety of people and equipment.

4. The fermentation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulsation check valve (3-12) independently performs a closing action according to the pressure difference before and after the valve body. When the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the pulsation check valve (3-12) and the air solenoid valve (3-3) is less than the set pulsation pressure lower limit, the pulsation check valve (3-12) is closed. When the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2) is reached, the pulsation check valve (3-12) is opened.

5. The fermentation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic control system (3) includes three control integrations: (I) Methane gas supply system (2) control integration: The explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) is arranged at the front and end of the methane gas supply branch pipe (2-2) in a front and rear stage form, respectively, to ensure the safety of the methane gas supply main pipe (2-1) in a two-stage form; each methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2) is interconnected and independently controls the opening and closing of each explosion-proof check and constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) and the methane gas supply volume, and the priority of the forced lock (3-5) is higher than that of the methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2). When the forced lock (3-5) is in the control state, the methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2) continuously maintains the locking information output; The start and stop of the explosion-proof booster check pump (3-13) is conditioned by the gas output of the front explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1). When the explosion-proof booster check pump (3-13) is in a locked state, the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline between the front end and the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) is maintained at 0.15 MPa, and the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) adjacent to the pump is opened. When the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is higher than 0.2 MPa, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) automatically starts, and when the methane pressure in the connecting pipeline is lower than 0.15 MPa, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) automatically stops. (II) Pulsating air supply system (1) Control integration: including air solenoid valve (3-3), air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4), forced lock (3-5) and pulsating check valve (3-12); the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) controls the opening and closing of the air solenoid valve (3-3) and controls the air flow rate; the forced lock (3-5) has a higher priority than the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4); the forced lock (3-5) keeps the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) closed continuously in the control state. Lock information output; the operating frequency of the pulsating check valve (3-12) is controlled by the air flow rate of the air solenoid valve (3-3) at the front end. The greater the air flow rate, the higher the operating frequency of the pulsating check valve (3-12); the air pressure in the connecting pipeline between the front end of the pulsating check valve (3-12) and the air solenoid valve (3-3) continuously fluctuates between the lower limit of the pulsating pressure and the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2), forming a high-pressure air pulsating jet. The lower limit setting range of the pulsating pressure is: 0.3MPa-the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2); (III) Sensor integration: including the automatic control system operator (3-0), the forced locking device (3-5), the temperature sensor (3-6), the ignition coil (3-7), the methane concentration sensor (3-8), the flame sensor (3-9), the pressure sensor (3-10), the oxygen concentration sensor (3-11), the bio-wave sensor (3-14), the Hall sensor (3-15) and the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (3-16); all sensors are connected to the automatic control system operator (3-0) through signal lines; the forced locking device (3-5) can actively detect the surrounding When surrounding machinery or personnel pass by, any detection indicator alarm will be triggered, and a locking command will be issued to the methane solenoid valve switch controller (3-2) and the air solenoid valve switch controller (3-4) within a range of 5 meters in front and behind; the pressure sensor (3-10) is arranged at the front end of the air solenoid valve (3-3) and the end of the methane gas distribution terminal (2-3) respectively, so as to realize the evaluation of the action effect of the pulsating air supply system (1); the high-pressure air pulsating jet realizes the intermittent oxygen supply operation of the fermentation body, and the oxygen supply cycle is controlled by the automatic control system (3). The automatic control system (3) monitors the oxygen concentration of the overlying pile (5) through the overlying pile oxygen concentration sensor (3-16), and starts the oxygen supply when the oxygen concentration is lower than 10.0%, and stops the oxygen supply when the oxygen concentration is higher than 19.0%, and the oxygen supply cycle has the characteristic of uneven interval.

6. The fermentation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step d, the action of performing the explosive jet is as follows: the switch and the methane supply volume from the methane gas supply branch pipe (2-2) to the methane gas distribution terminal (2-3) are controlled by using the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) to start and stop and flow monitoring, the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1) only allows methane to flow from the methane gas supply branch pipe (2-2) to the methane gas distribution terminal (2-3) in one direction, the check pressure tolerance is not less than 5.0 MPa, and the response time is less than 1 mS; the explosion-proof booster check pump (3-13) boosts the methane output by the explosion-proof check constant volume solenoid valve (3-1), and the gas pressure is increased to 3 times the pressure of the high-pressure air supply branch pipe (1-2), and then jetted to the methane distribution terminal (2-3), and further jetted to the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) through the methane distribution hole (2-4), forming an explosive environment inside the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4), and after being detonated by the ignition coil (3-7), the explosive gas is ejected through the methane distribution hole (2-4) to form an explosive jet; the total amount of methane jetted to the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4) each time is 11.5 of the volume of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4). %, and the explosion process is strictly limited to the inside of the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4); the mixed gas explodes, forming an instantaneous high-pressure environment at the pulsating air supply terminal (1-4), and the high-pressure gas quickly passes through the air jet holes (1-5) to form an explosion jet that is ejected into the fermentation pile body, with a jet pressure of 0.7-1.5 MPa. The goal of the explosion jet is to achieve perforation enhancement of the dense pile body to improve the air permeability of the pile body, and the enhancement process does not produce an explosion shock to the pile body.

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