Dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-polarization integrated airborne meteorological radar, which mainly solves the problem that the existing radar cannot perform dual-polarization detection on meteorological targets and obtain dual-polarization information. It includes a dual-polarization microstrip antenna (1), an X-band integrated transceiver assembly (2), a pitch transmission mechanism (3), an azimuth transmission mechanism (4) and a radar base (5). The X-band integrated transceiver assembly is fixed to the azimuth transmission mechanism through the pitch transmission mechanism, and the azimuth transmission mechanism is installed on the radar base; the dual-polarization microstrip antenna includes two horizontal and vertical polarization channels; the X-band integrated transceiver assembly adopts an overall structure that integrates interface control, frequency synthesis, power amplification, circulator, receiving front end, intermediate frequency amplification, radio frequency channel switching switch, and two radio frequency transceiver channels, and is directly electrically connected to the dual-polarization microstrip antenna through a dual coaxial blind plug interface. The invention can obtain dual-polarization information of meteorological targets and can be used to perform dual-polarization detection and positioning on meteorological targets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of radar technology, and specifically relates to an airborne weather radar that can be used to detect and locate dangerous targets such as weather clouds and turbulence that affect the flight safety of a carrier aircraft, thereby improving the carrier aircraft's ability to perceive surrounding dangerous weather conditions. Background Art

[0002] Airborne weather radar is an essential flight safety equipment on various aircraft. It can detect in real time the distribution of meteorological targets such as weather clouds, turbulence, and other non-meteorological targets within a certain airspace on the route ahead of the aircraft during flight. It can also display the outline, direction, distance, and rainfall of the detected targets on the display, providing the crew with warnings of dangerous weather conditions and other functions. It is now widely used in the aviation field.

[0003] At present, airborne weather radars can be divided into split airborne weather radars and integrated airborne weather radars according to their structural form.

[0004] The main feature of a split-type airborne weather radar is that it consists of multiple units, typically including an antenna and driver unit, a transceiver unit, a signal processing unit, and a control box. This makes the system heavy and requires long cables or waveguides to connect the units, making it complex and difficult to maintain and install.

[0005] The key feature of an integrated airborne weather radar is that it consists of a single antenna, transceiver, and processor. This results in a lightweight system with only short internal cables required for interconnection. This makes the radar system simple and easy to maintain and install. However, existing integrated airborne weather radars, such as the GARMIN GWX68 integrated airborne weather radar and Honeywell's PRIMUS 440, 660, and 880 integrated RTA weather radars, utilize single-RF channel transceivers and single-polarization antennas. Consequently, these radars are unable to perform dual-polarization detection of weather targets and obtain dual-polarization information. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and to propose a dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar to achieve time-sharing dual-polarization detection of weather targets and obtain dual-polarization information of weather targets.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar of the present invention includes: a dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1, an X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2, a pitch transmission mechanism 3, an azimuth transmission mechanism 4, and a radar base 5. The X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2 is connected to the dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1 and is connected to the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 via the pitch transmission mechanism 3. The azimuth transmission mechanism 4 is mounted on the radar base 5. The dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1 includes a horizontal polarization channel 11 and a vertical polarization channel 12, and is characterized in that:

[0008] The X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2 adopts an overall structure that integrates an interface control module 21, a frequency synthesis module 22, a power amplifier module 23, a circulator 24, a receiving front-end module 25, an intermediate frequency amplifier module 26, a radio frequency channel switching switch 27, a first radio frequency transceiver channel 28, and a second radio frequency transceiver channel 29 to reduce the volume and weight of the assembly and increase the reliability of the assembly. At the same time, the radio frequency channel switching switch 27 realizes time-sharing switching of the two radio frequency transceiver channels.

[0009] The horizontally polarized channel 11 is directly connected to the first RF transceiver channel 28 of the X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2 via a dual coaxial blind-plug interface, and is used to receive the RF transmit signal HT transmitted from the first RF transceiver channel 28, generate a horizontally polarized RF transmit signal and radiate it into space, and simultaneously receive the horizontally polarized RF echo signal reflected by the target to generate a RF echo signal HR, which is then transmitted to the first RF transceiver channel 28;

[0010] The vertical polarization channel 12 is directly connected to the second RF transceiver channel 29 of the X-band integrated transceiver component 2 through a dual coaxial blind plug interface, and is used to receive the RF transmission signal VT transmitted by the second RF transceiver channel 29, and generate a vertically polarized RF transmission signal to radiate into space, while receiving the vertically polarized RF echo signal reflected by the target to generate a RF echo signal VR, and then transmit it to the second RF transceiver channel 29.

[0011] Furthermore, the pitch transmission mechanism 3 includes a pitch motor 31, a pitch transmission gear 32, a pitch angle sensor 33 and a pitch bracket 34: the pitch motor 31, the pitch transmission gear 32 and the pitch angle sensor 33 are installed on the pitch bracket 34; the pitch motor 31 drives the pitch bracket 34 to rotate in the pitch direction through the pitch transmission gear 32; the pitch angle sensor 33 is a plastic-conductive potentiometer, whose rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the pitch transmission gear 32, and is used to obtain the pitch rotation angle of the pitch transmission gear 32 in real time, and transmit the pitch rotation angle as pitch feedback to the radar base 5.

[0012] Furthermore, the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 includes an azimuth motor 41, an azimuth transmission gear 42, an azimuth angle sensor 43, an azimuth bracket 44 and a bracket pad 45. The bracket pad 45 is an optional part and is installed between the azimuth bracket 44 and the radar base 5. It is used to adjust the height between the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and the radar base 5 to match the installation space of dual-polarization microstrip antennas 1 of different sizes; the azimuth motor 41, azimuth transmission gear 42 and azimuth angle sensor 43 are installed on the azimuth bracket 44. The azimuth motor 41 drives the pitch bracket 34 to rotate in the azimuth direction through the azimuth transmission gear 42; the azimuth angle sensor 43 is a plastic-conducting potentiometer, whose rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the azimuth transmission gear 42, and is used to obtain the azimuth rotation angle of the azimuth transmission gear 42 in real time, and transmit the azimuth rotation angle as azimuth feedback to the radar base 5.

[0013] Furthermore, the frequency synthesizer 22 is composed of two DDS chips of the same model and one FPGA chip, and is used to generate low-power radio frequency signals.

[0014] Furthermore, the size of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is selected according to whether a support spacer 45 is installed between the azimuth support 44 and the radar base 5:

[0015] Furthermore, the radar base 5 adopts a cavity structure, in which an interface board 51, a signal processing board 52 and a dual-axis servo driver 53 are arranged;

[0016] The interface board 51 uses FPGA as the processing core, generates working mode instructions by receiving external input and transmits them to the signal processing board 52 and the dual-axis servo driver 53;

[0017] The signal processing board 52 uses the Xilinx ZYNQ series SOC as its processing core, and is used to receive the working mode instructions transmitted by the interface board 51 and the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component 2, and perform sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing in sequence, and generate video encoding alarm data to be transmitted to the interface board 51;

[0018] The dual-axis servo driver 53 uses a DSP as a processing core and simultaneously implements servo control of the azimuth motor 41 and the pitch motor 31 by receiving the working mode instructions from the interface board 51 .

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention adopts an overall structure that integrates the interface control module, frequency synthesis module, power amplifier module, circulator, receiving front-end module, intermediate frequency amplifier module, RF channel switching switch, first RF transceiver channel, and second RF transceiver channel. This reduces the volume and weight of the components and increases the reliability of the components. At the same time, the RF channel switching switch can realize time-sharing switching of the two RF transceiver channels.

[0021] 2. The present invention reduces RF feed loss, realizes time-sharing dual-polarization detection of meteorological targets, and obtains dual-polarization information of meteorological targets by directly connecting the horizontal polarization channel and the vertical polarization channel of the dual-polarization microstrip antenna to the two RF transceiver channels of the X-band integrated transceiver assembly through a dual-coaxial blind-plug interface. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a block diagram of the X-band integrated transceiver assembly in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of the pitch transmission mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of the azimuth transmission mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the radar base in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a signal processing block diagram in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 The dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar of the present invention comprises a dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1, an X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2, a pitch transmission mechanism 3, an azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and a radar base 5, wherein:

[0031] The dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is directly connected to the X-band integrated transceiver component 2 through a dual coaxial blind plug interface, and is used to time-share receive and transmit the high-power RF transmit signal HT or RF transmit signal VT transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component 2 and generate a polarized RF transmit signal to radiate into space, while receiving the polarized RF echo signal reflected by the target to generate a RF echo signal HR or RF echo signal VR and transmit it to the X-band integrated transceiver component 2.

[0032] The X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2 is installed on the pitch transmission mechanism 3, and is used to receive the control signal transmitted from the radar base 5 to generate a reference frequency signal and a self-test result to transmit to the radar base 5, and to generate a high-power radio frequency transmission signal HT or a radio frequency transmission signal VT in a time-sharing manner to transmit to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1. At the same time, the radio frequency echo signal HR or the radio frequency echo signal VR transmitted from the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is down-converted into an intermediate frequency signal and then transmitted to the radar base 5.

[0033] The pitch transmission mechanism 3 is connected to the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and is used to drive the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 to scan in the pitch direction;

[0034] The azimuth transmission mechanism 4 is mounted on the radar base 5 and is used to drive the dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1 and the elevation transmission mechanism 3 to scan in the azimuth direction.

[0035] The radar base 5 is used to generate a control signal and transmit it to the X-band integrated transceiver component 2, receive the reference frequency signal, self-test result and intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component 2, perform sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing and analysis on the intermediate frequency signal in sequence, and output the corresponding processing result according to the control instruction input from the outside.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 The X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2 is an integrated structure that can reduce the volume and weight of the assembly, increase the reliability of the assembly, and realize time-sharing switching of two RF transceiver channels. It includes an interface control module 21, a frequency synthesis module 22, a power amplifier module 23, a circulator 24, a receiving front-end module 25, an intermediate frequency amplifier module 26, an RF channel switch 27, a first RF transceiver channel 28, and a second RF transceiver channel 29, wherein:

[0037] The interface control module 21 is used to receive control signals transmitted from the radar base 5 to generate a reference clock, internal component control signals, and RF channel switching instructions, and transmit the reference clock back to the radar base 5, transmit the internal component control signals to the frequency synthesis module 22, the power amplification module 23, the receiving front-end module 25, and the intermediate frequency amplification module 26, respectively, and transmit the RF channel switching instructions to the RF channel switching switch 27; the interface control module 21 also receives working status data transmitted from the frequency synthesis module 22 to generate self-test results and transmit them to the radar base 5;

[0038] The frequency synthesis module 22, composed of two identical DDS chips and one FPGA chip, is used to receive component internal control signals transmitted from the interface control module 21 to generate a low-power RF signal, a local oscillator signal, and operating status data. The low-power RF signal is then transmitted to the power amplifier module 23, the local oscillator signal is transmitted to the receiving front-end module 25, and the operating status data is transmitted to the interface control module 21.

[0039] The power amplifier module 23 is used to receive the internal control signal of the component transmitted by the interface control module 21, amplify the low-power radio frequency signal transmitted by the frequency synthesis module 22 to form a high-power radio frequency transmission signal, and transmit it to the dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1 through the circulator 24;

[0040] Circulator 24, used to isolate the radio frequency transmission signal and the radio frequency echo signal;

[0041] The receiving front-end module 25 is used to receive the internal control signal of the component transmitted by the interface control module 21, and mix and filter the RF echo signal transmitted by the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 through the circulator 24 and the local oscillator signal transmitted by the frequency synthesis module 22 to convert it into an intermediate frequency echo signal and transmit it to the intermediate frequency amplification module 26;

[0042] The intermediate frequency amplification module 26 is used to receive the component internal control signal transmitted by the interface control module 21, and amplify the intermediate frequency echo signal transmitted by the receiving front-end module 25 and transmit it to the radar base 5;

[0043] The RF channel switching switch 27 is used to receive the RF channel switching instruction transmitted by the interface control module 21 to switch the electrical connection between the circulator 24 and the first RF transceiver channel 28 or the second RF transceiver channel 29 in a time-sharing manner:

[0044] When the circulator 24 is electrically connected to the first RF transceiver channel 28, the RF channel switch 27 receives the RF transmit signal transmitted by the circulator 24, generates a RF transmit signal HT and forwards it to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and simultaneously receives the RF echo signal HR transmitted by the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1;

[0045] When the circulator 24 is electrically connected to the second RF transceiver channel 29, the RF channel switch 27 receives the RF transmit signal transmitted by the circulator 24, generates a RF transmit signal VT and forwards it to the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1, and simultaneously receives the RF echo signal VR transmitted from the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1;

[0046] The first RF transceiver channel 28 is used to receive the RF transmit signal transmitted by the RF channel switching switch 27, generate the RF transmit signal HT and forward it to the horizontal polarization channel 11 of the dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1, and simultaneously receive the RF echo signal HR transmitted by the horizontal polarization channel 11 and forward it to the RF channel switching switch 27;

[0047] The second RF transceiver channel 29 is used to receive the RF transmit signal transmitted by the RF channel switching switch 27, generate the RF transmit signal VT and forward it to the vertical polarization channel 12 of the dual-polarization microstrip antenna 1, and at the same time receive the RF echo signal VR transmitted by the vertical polarization channel 12 and forward it to the RF channel switching switch 27.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 The dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 includes a horizontal polarization channel 11 and a vertical polarization channel 12, wherein:

[0049] The horizontally polarized channel 11 is directly connected to the first RF transceiver channel 28 of the X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2 via a dual coaxial blind-plug interface, and is used to receive the RF transmit signal HT transmitted by the first RF transceiver channel 28, generate a horizontally polarized RF transmit signal and radiate it into space, and simultaneously receive the horizontally polarized RF echo signal reflected by the target to generate a RF echo signal HR, which is then transmitted to the first RF transceiver channel 28;

[0050] The vertical polarization channel 12 is directly connected to the second RF transceiver channel 29 of the X-band integrated transceiver component 2 through a dual coaxial blind plug interface, and is used to receive the RF transmission signal VT transmitted by the second RF transceiver channel 29, and generate a vertically polarized RF transmission signal to radiate into space, while receiving the vertically polarized RF echo signal reflected by the target to generate a RF echo signal VR, and then transmit it to the second RF transceiver channel 29.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 The pitch transmission mechanism 3 includes a pitch motor 31, a pitch transmission gear 32, a pitch angle sensor 33 and a pitch bracket 34, wherein:

[0052] The pitch motor 31 is used to receive the pitch drive from the radar base 5 and drive the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 to scan in the pitch direction through the transmission of the pitch transmission gear 32;

[0053] The pitch angle sensor 33 is a plastic-conductive potentiometer, whose rotation axis is connected to the rotation axis of the pitch transmission gear 32, and is used to obtain the pitch rotation angle of the pitch transmission gear 32 in real time and transmit the pitch rotation angle as pitch feedback to the radar base 5;

[0054] The pitch bracket 34 serves as a structural support for mounting the pitch motor 31 , the pitch transmission gear 32 and the pitch angle sensor 33 .

[0055] Reference Figure 5 The azimuth transmission mechanism 4 includes an azimuth motor 41, an azimuth transmission gear 42, an azimuth angle sensor 43, an azimuth bracket 44 and a bracket pad 45, wherein:

[0056] The azimuth motor 41 is used to receive the azimuth drive from the radar base 5 and drive the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 and the pitch transmission mechanism 3 to scan in the azimuth direction through the transmission of the azimuth transmission gear 42;

[0057] The azimuth angle sensor 43 is a plastic-conductive potentiometer, whose rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft of the azimuth transmission gear 42, and is used to obtain the azimuth rotation angle of the azimuth transmission gear 42 in real time and transmit the azimuth rotation angle as azimuth feedback to the radar base 5;

[0058] An azimuth bracket 44, serving as a structural support, is used to mount an azimuth motor 41, an azimuth transmission gear 42, and an azimuth angle sensor 43;

[0059] The support pad 45 is installed between the azimuth support 44 and the radar base 5 and is used to adjust the height between the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and the radar base 5 to match the installation space of dual-polarized microstrip antennas 1 of different sizes. That is, the size of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna is selected according to whether the support pad 45 is installed between the azimuth support 44 and the radar base 5:

[0060] When the support pad 45 is not installed between the azimuth support 44 and the radar base 5, the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is selected to have a size of φ254mm or φ305mm. In this example, the antenna is φ305mm.

[0061] When a support pad 45 is installed between the support 44 and the radar base 5, the dual-polarized microstrip antenna 1 is selected to have a size of φ356 mm or φ457 mm. In this example, an antenna with a size of φ356 mm is selected.

[0062] Reference Figure 6 The radar base 5 adopts a cavity structure, which is equipped with an interface board 51, a signal processing board 52 and a dual-axis servo driver 53, wherein:

[0063] The interface board 51, with an FPGA as its processing core, is used to receive and transmit three types of information: first, it receives the reference clock and self-test results transmitted from the X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2, and uses this reference clock as a reference to generate control signals and transmit them to the X-band integrated transceiver assembly 2; second, it receives external input, generates radar operating mode instructions, and transmits them to the signal processing board 52 and the dual-axis servo driver 53; third, it receives video encoding alarm data transmitted from the signal processing board 52 and pitch feedback and azimuth feedback transmitted from the dual-axis servo driver 53, packages them into corresponding processing results, and outputs them;

[0064] The signal processing board 52, which uses a Xilinx ZYNQ series SOC as its processing core, is used to collect the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component 2, and performs sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation, and target detection processing in sequence according to the working mode instructions transmitted by the interface board 51, to generate video coding alarm data and transmit it to the interface board 51;

[0065] The dual-axis servo driver 53 uses DSP as the processing core and is used to receive three different types of information for transmission and drive: the first type is to receive the pitch feedback transmitted by the pitch transmission mechanism 3 and forward it to the interface board 51; the second type is to receive the azimuth feedback transmitted by the azimuth transmission mechanism 4 and forward it to the interface board 51; the third type is to receive the working mode instruction transmitted by the interface board 51, generate pitch drive and azimuth drive according to the working mode instruction, and transmit the pitch drive to the pitch transmission mechanism 3, and transmit the azimuth drive to the pitch transmission mechanism 4.

[0066] Reference Figure 7 The signal processing board 52 includes a sampling and quantization module 521, a digital down-conversion module 522, a pulse compression module 523, a pulse accumulation module 524 and a target detection module 525, wherein:

[0067] The sampling and quantization module 521 is used to receive the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component 2, and sample and quantize the intermediate frequency signal to generate a digital intermediate frequency signal and transmit it to the digital down-conversion module 522;

[0068] The digital down-conversion module 522 is used to receive the digital intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the sampling and quantization module 521, and perform digital down-conversion processing on the digital intermediate frequency signal to generate a digital baseband signal and transmit it to the pulse compression module 523;

[0069] The pulse compression module 523 is used to receive the digital baseband signal transmitted by the digital down-conversion module 522, perform pulse compression processing on the digital baseband signal according to the signal characteristics, and generate a digital pulse compression signal to transmit to the pulse accumulation module 524;

[0070] The pulse accumulation module 524 is used to receive the digital pulse pressure signal transmitted by the pulse compression module 523, and complete the pulse accumulation processing of the digital pulse pressure signal through multi-cycle real-time storage, summation, and averaging, and generate a digital pulse pressure accumulation signal to transmit to the target detection module 525;

[0071] The target detection module 525 is used to receive the digital pulse pressure accumulation signal transmitted by the pulse accumulation module 524 and the working mode instruction transmitted by the interface board 51 , perform target detection, and generate video encoding alarm data to transmit to the interface board 51 .

[0072] The above description is only a specific example of the present invention. Obviously, for professionals in this field, after understanding the content and principles of the present invention, it is possible to make various modifications and changes in form and details without departing from the principles and structure of the present invention. However, these modifications and changes based on the ideas of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-polarization integrated airborne weather radar, comprising a dual-polarization microstrip antenna (1), an X-band integrated transceiver assembly (2), a pitch transmission mechanism (3), an azimuth transmission mechanism (4) and a radar base (5), wherein the X-band integrated transceiver assembly (2) is connected to the dual-polarization microstrip antenna (1), and is connected to the azimuth transmission mechanism (4) through the pitch transmission mechanism (3), the azimuth transmission mechanism (4) is mounted on the radar base (5), the dual-polarization microstrip antenna (1) comprises a horizontal polarization channel (11) and a vertical polarization channel (12), and is characterized in that: The X-band integrated transceiver component (2) adopts an overall structure that integrates an interface control module (21), a frequency synthesis module (22), a power amplifier module (23), a circulator (24), a receiving front-end module (25), an intermediate frequency amplifier module (26), a radio frequency channel switching switch (27), a first radio frequency transceiver channel (28), and a second radio frequency transceiver channel (29) to reduce the volume and weight of the component and increase the reliability of the component. At the same time, the radio frequency channel switching switch (27) is used to realize time-sharing switching of the two radio frequency transceiver channels. The horizontally polarized channel (11) is directly connected to the first radio frequency transceiver channel (28) of the X-band integrated transceiver assembly (2) via a dual coaxial blind plug interface, and is used to receive a radio frequency transmission signal HT transmitted by the first radio frequency transceiver channel (28), and generate a horizontally polarized radio frequency transmission signal to radiate into space, and at the same time receive a horizontally polarized radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target to generate a radio frequency echo signal HR, and then transmit it to the first radio frequency transceiver channel (28); The vertical polarization channel (12) is directly connected to the second radio frequency transceiver channel (29) of the X-band integrated transceiver assembly (2) via a dual coaxial blind plug interface, and is used to receive a radio frequency transmission signal VT transmitted by the second radio frequency transceiver channel (29), and generate a vertical polarization radio frequency transmission signal to radiate into space, and at the same time receive a vertical polarization radio frequency echo signal reflected by a target to generate a radio frequency echo signal VR, and then transmit it to the second radio frequency transceiver channel (29); The pitch transmission mechanism (3) comprises a pitch motor (31), a pitch transmission gear (32), a pitch angle sensor (33) and a pitch bracket (34): The pitch motor (31), the pitch transmission gear (32) and the pitch angle sensor (33) are mounted on a pitch bracket (34); the pitch motor (31) drives the pitch bracket (34) to rotate in a pitch direction via the pitch transmission gear (32); The pitch angle sensor (33) is a plastic-conductive potentiometer, the rotation axis of which is connected to the rotation axis of the pitch transmission gear (32), and is used to obtain the pitch rotation angle of the pitch transmission gear (32) in real time, and transmit the pitch rotation angle as pitch feedback to the radar base (5); The azimuth transmission mechanism (4) comprises an azimuth motor (41), an azimuth transmission gear (42), an azimuth angle sensor (43), an azimuth bracket (44) and a bracket pad (45). The bracket pad (45) is an optional part, which is installed between the azimuth bracket (44) and the radar base (5) and is used to adjust the height between the azimuth transmission mechanism (4) and the radar base (5) to match the installation space of dual-polarization microstrip antennas (1) of different sizes.

2. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: An azimuth motor (41), an azimuth transmission gear (42) and an azimuth angle sensor (43) are mounted on an azimuth bracket (44); the azimuth motor (41) drives the pitch bracket (34) to rotate in the azimuth direction via the azimuth transmission gear (42); the azimuth angle sensor (43) is a plastic-conductive potentiometer, the rotation axis of which is connected to the rotation axis of the azimuth transmission gear (42), and is used to obtain the azimuth rotation angle of the azimuth transmission gear (42) in real time, and transmit the azimuth rotation angle as azimuth feedback to the radar base (5).

3. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frequency synthesis module (22) is composed of two DDS chips of the same type and one FPGA chip, and is used to generate a low-power radio frequency signal.

4. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) is selected according to whether a support pad (45) is installed between the azimuth support (44) and the radar base (5): When the support pad (45) is not installed between the azimuth support (44) and the radar base (5), the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) is selected to have a size of φ254 mm or φ305 mm; When a support pad (45) is installed between the support (44) and the radar base (5), the dual-polarized microstrip antenna (1) is selected to have a size of φ356 mm or φ457 mm.

5. The airborne weather radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radar base (5) adopts a cavity structure, in which an interface board (51), a signal processing board (52) and a dual-axis servo driver (53) are arranged; The interface board (51) uses FPGA as a processing core, generates a working mode instruction by receiving external input and transmits it to the signal processing board (52) and the dual-axis servo driver (53); The signal processing board (52) uses the Xilinx ZYNQ series SOC as a processing core, is used to receive the working mode instruction transmitted by the interface board (51) and the intermediate frequency signal transmitted by the X-band integrated transceiver component (2), and sequentially performs sampling quantization, digital down-conversion, pulse compression, pulse accumulation and target detection processing, and generates video coding alarm data to be transmitted to the interface board (51); The dual-axis servo driver (53) uses a DSP as a processing core and simultaneously implements servo control of an azimuth motor (41) and a pitch motor (31) by receiving a working mode instruction from an interface board (51).

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